DOCSLIB.ORG

Addis Ababa University, School of Graduate Studies Environmental Science Programme

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Addis Ababa University, School of Graduate Studies Environmental Science Programme ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PROGRAMME ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF DESS’A FOREST, NORTH-EASTERN ESCARPMENT OF ETHIOPIA, WITH EMPHASIS ON USE AND MANAGEMENT OF FOREST RESOURCES BY THE LOCAL PEOPLE By: Abrha Tesfay Mehari A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE October, 2008 Addis Ababa Dedication This thesis is dedicated in memory of my lovely mother W/o Desta Bilhatu and my father Ato Tesfay Mehary ii Acknowledgments I wish to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to my advisor, Dr. Zemede Asfaw, for the full assistance and constructive ideas and inputs from the time of proposal formulation to the enrichment of this thesis. I am very much grateful to all the local informants who shared their knowledge on the use of forest plants and management systems. Without their contribution, this study would have been impossible. I am highly gratitude to Dr. Mirutse Giday and Ato Melaku Wondafrash for their cooperation in checking and authentication of plant specimens at the National Herbarium. I would like to extend my best gratitude to Ato Nigussie Esmael, head of the Natural Resource and Rural development Office who helped me in giving relevant materials for my study. I also thank Enderta, Astbi-Womberta and Saesie-Tsaedaemba Woreda agricultural office workers for helping me in selecting the study sites. I am highly indebted to my friends Redae Tadesse, Hailemariam Hailu, Andnet Hagos, Hadush G/libanos, Gidena Girmay and Asefa Buzayeneh for their Material and financial help during my stay in the University. I would also pass my warm gratitude to Ato Medhin Mehari, Mulu Mehari and my families for their constant help and encouragements during my study. I would also thank Sister Zebideru Tesfay for her support in providing the relative medical terms for the names of local ailments. Finally, I would like to thank the Environmental Science Program, Addis Ababa University for the financial support to conduct this study. Above all, I would like to thank the almighty God for helping me endure the rigorous of every day life and to overcome the challenges of graduate studies. iii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations AEZs Agro-Ecological Zones ASC African Studies Center Asl Above Sea Level EFAP Ethiopian Forestry Action program EMA Ethiopian Mapping Agency EMFNS Ethiopian Millennium Festival National Secretariat FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GTZ German Agency for Technical Co-operation IBC Institute of Biodiversity Conservation IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature MoA Ministry of Agriculture MSc Master of Science NFPAs National Forest Priority Areas NTPPs Non-Timber Plant Products SFCDD State Forest Conservation and Development TBoANRD Tigray Bureau of Agricultural and Natural Resources Development TFAP Tigray Forestry Action Program UN United Nations UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development UNDP/ ECA United Nations Development Program/ Economic Commission for Africa UNEP United Nations Environmental Program UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization WCMC World Conservation and Monitoring Center iv Table of Contents page Dedication----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii Acknowledgements-----------------------------------------------------------------------------iii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations---------------------------------------------------------iv List of Tables------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vii List of Figures----------------------------------------------------------------------------------viii List of Appendices-----------------------------------------------------------------------------ix Abstract-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x 1. Introduction................................................................................................................1 1.1. Background.........................................................................................................1 1.2. Objectives of the study........................................................................................3 1.2.1. General objective .........................................................................................3 1.2.2. Specific objectives .......................................................................................3 1.3. The rational for studying Dess’a forest...............................................................3 2. Literature Review.......................................................................................................5 2.1. Importance of forest and forest resource utilization ...........................................5 2.2. The concept of ethnobotany................................................................................6 2.2.1. Role of ethnobotany in biodiversity management .......................................7 2.3. Threats to indigenous knowledge/ ethnobotany .................................................8 2.4. Traditional botanical knowledge.........................................................................8 2.5. Traditional management of resources.................................................................9 3. Description of the Study Area.................................................................................12 3.1. Geographical location .......................................................................................12 3.2. Land form (Topography) ..................................................................................14 3.3. Geology.............................................................................................................14 3.4. Soil ....................................................................................................................15 3.5. Climatic conditions ...........................................................................................15 3.5.1. Temperature ...............................................................................................15 3.5.2. Rainfall.......................................................................................................16 3.6. Natural vegetation.............................................................................................17 3.7. The people and resource use.............................................................................18 3.8. Conservation issues...........................................................................................19 4. Materials and Methods.............................................................................................20 4.1. The study area...................................................................................................20 4.2. Site selection .....................................................................................................20 4.3. Informant selection ...........................................................................................21 4.4. Ethnobotanical methods....................................................................................22 4.4.1. Sampling ....................................................................................................22 4.4.2. Interviewing ...............................................................................................22 4.4.3. Plant collection, identification and nomenclature......................................23 4.5. Data analysis .....................................................................................................24 v 4.5.1. Informant consensus ..................................................................................24 4.5.2. Direct-matrix ranking and scoring.............................................................24 4.5.3. Preference ranking .....................................................................................25 4.5.4. Pair-wise comparison.................................................................................25 5. Results......................................................................................................................26 5.1. Concept about the forest and forest resources ..................................................26 5.2. Management of forest plant resources ..............................................................28 5.3. Local knowledge for categorizing useful plants ...............................................28 5.3.1. Growth habit and plant parts used .............................................................29 5.3.2. Major plant use categories .........................................................................29 5.3.3. Multipurpose plants ...................................................................................39 5.4. Major threats to the forest resources.................................................................40 5.5. Diminishing forest plant resources ...................................................................42 6. Discussion................................................................................................................43 6.1. Local peoples concept about the forest and forest resources............................43 6.2. Traditional management of forest resources.....................................................44
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Contemporary Assessment of Tree Species in Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve, Southern India
    Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2017, 7(2): 30-46 Article A contemporary assessment of tree species in Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve, Southern India M. Sathya, S. Jayakumar Environmental Informatics and Spatial Modeling Lab, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India E-mail: [email protected] Received 28 December 2016; Accepted 5 February 2017; Published online 1 June 2017 Abstract Tree species inventory was carried out in five forest types of Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve (STR). The forest type was divided into homogenous vegetation strata (HVS) based on the altitude, temperature, precipitation and forest types. A total of 8 ha area was sampled using 0.1 ha (20m 50m) plot and all tree species ≥ 1cm girth at breast height (gbh) within the plot were enumerated. In all, 4614 individuals were recorded that belonged to 122 species representing 90 genera and 39 families. Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, and Combretaceae were the species-rich families. The mean stand density of STR was 577 ha-1, but it varied from 180 ha-1 to 779 ha-1. Similarly, the mean basal area of the STR was 14.51 m2ha-1 which ranged between 8.41 m2 ha-1 and 26.96 m2 ha-1. The stem count was low at the lowest girth class (1-10 cm gbh) and high at 20-30 cm gbh in all the forest types. Anogeissus latifolia was the dominant species in the semi- evergreen and deciduous forest types while Chloroxylon swietenia was dominant in the thorn forest.
    [Show full text]
  • The Efficacy of Some Medicinal Plants Used Locally Within Transmara West, Narok County, Kenya Against Selected Enterobacteria and Candida
    IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 12, Issue 1 Ver. I (Jan. - Feb.2017), PP 115-122 www.iosrjournals.org The efficacy of some medicinal plants used locally within Transmara west, Narok County, Kenya against selected Enterobacteria and Candida Hesbon Omwoyo Nyang’au1, John Maingi2, Anthony Kebira3 1(Department of Biological Sciences, Rongo University, Rongo, Kenya) 2(Department of Microbiology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya) 3(Department of Microbiology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya) Abstract: The bacterial family Enterobacteriaceae and fungal genus Candida have continued to be a great challenge worldwide including resistance to antibiotics and relapse of infections mediated by them. Among these organisms, Salmonella typhi, Shigella species, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli strains have emerged as the most frequent cause of diarrheal illnesses which account for an annual mortality rate of 4.6 million people worldwide and many other infections. Candida albicans has been reported as a causative agent of all types of candidiasis. In the present study, the efficacy of plants commonly used plants in Transmara west, Kenya against these microbes was investigated. An ethnobotanical survey using semi-structured questionnaire was done. Plant extracts were obtained through methanolic extraction. Antimicrobial susceptibility assay was done using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique. Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical Investigation of Rhamnus Triquetra and Ziziphus Oxyphylla
    PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF RHAMNUS TRIQUETRA AND ZIZIPHUS OXYPHYLLA BY FARHANA MAZHAR ROLL NO. 76-GCU-Ph.D-CHEM-2009 SESSION: 2009-2013 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY GC UNIVERSITY, LAHORE PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF RHAMNUS TRIQUETRA AND ZIZIPHUS OXYPHYLLA Submitted to the GC University Lahore in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN CHEMISTRY BY FARHANA MAZHAR ROLL NO. 76-GCU-Ph.D-CHEM-2009 SESSION: 2009-2013 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY GC UNIVERSITY, LAHORE In the name of Allah, The Most Compassionate, The Most Merciful RESEARCH COMPLETION CERTIFICATE Certified that the research work contained in the thesis entitled “Phytochemical Investigation of Rhamnus triquetra and Ziziphus oxyphylla” has been carried out and completed by Ms. Farhana Mazhar, Roll No. 76-GCU-PhD-CHEM-2009, under my supervision during her PhD (Chemistry) studies in the laboratories of the Department of Chemistry. The quantum and the quality of the work contained in this thesis is adequate for the award of degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dated: --------- __________ Dr. Muhammad Jahangir Supervisor Submitted through ______________________ _____________________ Prof. Dr. Ahmad Adnan Controller of Examination Chairman. GC University, Lahore Department of Chemistry, GC University, Lahore. DECLARATION I Ms.Farhana Mazhar, Roll No. 76-GCU-PhD-CHEM-2009, student of Ph.D in the subject of Chemistry, session 2009-2013, hereby declare that the matter printed in the thesis titled “Phytochemical Investigation of Rhamnus triquetra and Ziziphus oxyphylla” is my own work and has not been printed, published and submitted as research work thesis or publication in any form in any University, Research Institute etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Addis Ababa University School of Graduate Studies
    Addis Ababa University School of Graduate Studies Local use of spices, condiments and non-edible oil crops in some selected woredas in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. A Thesis submitted to the school of Graduate Studies of Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology (Dryland Biodiversity). By Atey G/Medhin November /2008 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Acknowledgements I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisors Drs. Tamirat Bekele and Tesfaye Bekele for their consistent invaluable advice, comments and follow up from problem identification up to the completion of this work. The technical staff members of the National Herbarium (ETH) are also acknowledged for rendering me with valuable services. I am grateful to the local people, the office of the woredas administration and agricultural departments, chairpersons and development agents of each kebele selected as study site. Thanks also goes to Tigray Regional State Education Bureau for sponsoring my postgraduate study. I thank the Department of Biology, Addis Ababa University, for the financial support and recommendation letters it offered me to different organizations that enabled me to carry out the research and gather relevant data. Last but not least, I am very much indebted to my family for the moral support and encouragement that they offered to me in the course of this study. I Acronyms and Abbreviations BoARD Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development CSA Central Statistics Authority EEPA Ethiopian Export Promotion
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Pharmacological Properties, Phytochemistry and Medicinal Uses of Baccharoides Adoensis
    230 Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10, 230-238 Review of Pharmacological Properties, Phytochemistry and Medicinal Uses of Baccharoides adoensis Alfred Maroyi* Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa Abstract: Baccharoides adoensis is a shrub widely used as traditional medicine throughout its distributional range in tropical Africa. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of the pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of B. adoensis. Documented information on the pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of B. adoensis was collected from several online sources which included Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Additional information on the pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of B. adoensis was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles, and scientific publications sourced from the university library. The articles published between 1962 and 2020 were used in this study. This study showed that the roots, flowers, stems, and leaves of B adoensis are widely used as ethnoveterinary medicine and traditional medicines for backbone pain, reproductive problems, kidney diseases, fever and febrile complaints, wounds, ulcers, sexually transmitted infections, skin complaints, malaria, gastro-intestinal problems and respiratory problems. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include alkaloids, carbohydrates, chondrillasterol, flavonoids,
    [Show full text]
  • Call for Access and Benefit Sharing of Rhamnus Prinoides (Gesho) Taye Birhanu Belay Genetic Resource Access and Benefit Sharing
    Call for Access and Benefit Sharing of Rhamnus prinoides (Gesho) Taye Birhanu Belay Biotechnologist Assistant Researcher II E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +251-961-09-05-44 ABS Directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute Genetic Resource Access and Benefit Sharing Directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute 1. Introduction Rhamnus prinoides L’Herit, common name dogwood, Amharic name Gesho, family Rhamnaceae, is a widespread plant species in East, Central and South African countries. It is a native plant to Ethiopia, Botswana, Eritrea, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Uganda and exotic to Kenya. It also occurs in Cameroon, Sudan and Angola. The African dogwood, R. prinoides (Rhamnaceae) is a dense shrub or a tree that grows up to 6 m high (Berhanu Abegaz and Teshome Kebede, 1995; Hailemichael Alemu et al., 2007; Afewerk Gebre and Chandravanshi, 2012). Rhamnus prinoides is a shrub or tree to 6 m, unarmed; branchlets sparsely crisped pubescent. Leaves alternate, glabrous but for scattered appressed hairs on midrib; petiole 3-17 mm, sparsely pubescent; stipules falling off quickly; lamina ovate, elliptic or oblong, 3-12.5 x 1.5-4.5 cm, glandular serrulate; apex acuminate to acute; base cuneate to rounded. Flowers yellowish green, solitary or in 2-5flowered axillary fascicles; pedicels 5-15(-20 in fruit) mm, sparsely pubescent, drooping in fruit. Receptacle puberulous. Sepals 5, acute, 2 mm long; petals usually absent or 1 mm long; filaments 1 mm; ovary 3(-4)-locular, style 1 mm. Fruit subglobose, 5-8 mm in diameter, turning through red to blackish purple; stones obconic (Hedberg and Edwards, 1989). Rhamnus is found in upland forest (usually on edges or in clearings and former cultivations), riverine forest, secondary forest and scrub, also widely planted in hedges and gardens (Hedberg and Edwards, 1989).
    [Show full text]
  • Floral Establishment of Major Honey Plants in North Western Zone of Tigray,Ethiopia Haftom Kebedea and Samuel Gebrechirstosb
    International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 9, September-2016 543 ISSN 2229-5518 Floral establishment of major honey plants in north western zone of Tigray,Ethiopia Haftom Kebedea and Samuel Gebrechirstosb Abstract: Identification of flowering calendar of honey plants is critical in improving yields of hive products. This study was carried out to survey plants foraged by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and to identify them in one wereda (Tahtay koraro) of North Western zone of Tigray. Species identification with their flowering and characterization was made using direct observation, questionnaires, interview and focus group discussion. The result was analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 51 species belonging to 37 families with 16 major species, 13 secondary and 8 minor plants foraged by honey bees was identified. The species Cordia africana, Bidens species, Trifolium species, Carthamus tinctoriu, Parkinsonia aculeate, Zizipus Spina-christi, Carrisa edulis, Mimusops kummel, Diosypros mespiliformis, Acacia sieberiana,Terminalia glauceslcens, Grewia ferruginea, Opuntia ficus-indica, Syzygium guineense, Carica papaya L.and Buddleja polystachya were classified as major honey plants. The months ranging from December to June were identified as scarcity period. Majority of the flowering plants such as Cordia africana, Dodonaea angustifolia,Pterolobium stellatum, Carica papaya L.,Citrus sinensis pers, Psidium guajava, Zea mays, Otostegia integrifolia, Bidens species, Trifolium species, Bidens pachyloma, Carthamus tinctorius, Guizotia abyssinica, Brassica napus, Parkinsonia aculeate, Zizipus Spina-christi, Jasminum floriban, Cirsium vulgare, Capparis erythrocarpus, Acacia pilispina, Capsicum annum, Calpurnia aurea, Persea Americana, Mimusops kummel, Agave sisalana, Datura stramonium, Anogeissus leiocarpus, Vicia faba, Ficus vasta and Diosypros mespiliformis bloom between the months of August and November.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild Edible Plants of the Anamalais, Coimbatore District, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu
    Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol. 6(1), January 2007, pp. 173-176 Wild edible plants of the Anamalais, Coimbatore district, western Ghats, Tamil Nadu VS Ramachandran PG and Research Department of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu Email: [email protected] Received 25 August 2006; revised 25 September 2006 Anamalai hills, western Ghats, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu were surveyed to list out the edible plants utilized by the tribal communities such as Kadars, Pulaiyars, Malasars, Malaimalasars and Mudhuvars. About 74 plant species including 25 leafy vegetables, 4 fruit yielding and 45 fruit / seed yielding varieties have been identified. The local tribal communities for their dietary requirements since a long time have utilized these forest produce. Many of these less familiar edible plants can be subjected to further investigation to meet the food and nutrition security of the nation. Keywords: Tribals, Anamalais, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Wild edible plants, Kadars tribe, Pulaiyars tribe, Malasars tribe, Malaimalasars tribe and Mudhuvars tribe IPC Int. Cl.8: A61K36/00, A01G1/00, A01G17/00, A47G19/00, A23L1/00, A23L1/06, A23L2/02 Tribes constitute an important component repre- Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, which is spreading senting about 8% of the total population of India; it is to an area of 985 sq km. It is located at 10o-12o5’– about, 1.04% of the total population of Tamil Nadu. 11o7’ N latitude and 76o 77o–58.2’ E longitude, and at Tamil Nadu is the home of as many as 36 different an altitude ranging from 340 m to 2400 m.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Human Ailments in Rural Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
    ASIAN JOURNAL OF FOR ESTRY Volume 3, Number 2, December 2019 E-ISSN: 2580-2844 Pages: 75-82 DOI: 10.13057/asianjfor/r030205 Short Communication: Diversity of medicinal plants used to treat human ailments in rural Bahir Dar, Ethiopia ETHIOPIA MAZENGIA1, TADESSE BEYENE2, BERHANU A. TSEGAY3,♥ 1Department of Biology, Bule Hora University. Hagere Maryam, Etiopia. 2Department of Biology, Mekelle University. Mekelle, Ethiopia 3Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University. Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. ♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 11 July 2019. Revision accepted: 29 October 2019. Abstract. Mazengia E, Beyene T, Tsegay BA. 2019. Short Communication: Diversity of medicinal plants used to treat human ailments in rural Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Asian J For 3: 75-82. Survey of traditional medicinal plants used to treat human ailments by the rural community of Bahir Dar City Administration was conducted from November 23, 2017 to May 30, 2018 with the aim of identifying and documenting plants and the associated knowledge used to treat humans. We collected data from six study sites using semi-structured interview, field observation and group discussion. Data analyses were made using preference ranking, direct matrix ranking and fidelity level index. A total of 77 medicinal plants were identified. The majority of plants (58.4%) are harvested from the wild. The largest number of plants were herbs (42.6%) followed by shrubs (32.6%). The most frequently used plant parts in human disease treatments are leaves (54%) followed by roots (18%). Most remedies are prepared by pounding and mixing (concoction) (36%). The remedial administration was mostly oral (51%) followed by dermal (31%).
    [Show full text]
  • Dictionary of Cultivated Plants and Their Regions of Diversity Second Edition Revised Of: A.C
    Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Second edition revised of: A.C. Zeven and P.M. Zhukovsky, 1975, Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centres of diversity 'N -'\:K 1~ Li Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Excluding most ornamentals, forest trees and lower plants A.C. Zeven andJ.M.J, de Wet K pudoc Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen - 1982 ~T—^/-/- /+<>?- •/ CIP-GEGEVENS Zeven, A.C. Dictionary ofcultivate d plants andthei rregion so f diversity: excluding mostornamentals ,fores t treesan d lowerplant s/ A.C .Zeve n andJ.M.J ,d eWet .- Wageninge n : Pudoc. -11 1 Herz,uitg . van:Dictionar y of cultivatedplant s andthei r centreso fdiversit y /A.C .Zeve n andP.M . Zhukovsky, 1975.- Me t index,lit .opg . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 SISO63 2UD C63 3 Trefw.:plantenteelt . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 ©Centre forAgricultura l Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen,1982 . Nopar t of thisboo k mayb e reproduced andpublishe d in any form,b y print, photoprint,microfil m or any othermean swithou t written permission from thepublisher . Contents Preface 7 History of thewor k 8 Origins of agriculture anddomesticatio n ofplant s Cradles of agriculture and regions of diversity 21 1 Chinese-Japanese Region 32 2 Indochinese-IndonesianRegio n 48 3 Australian Region 65 4 Hindustani Region 70 5 Central AsianRegio n 81 6 NearEaster n Region 87 7 Mediterranean Region 103 8 African Region 121 9 European-Siberian Region 148 10 South American Region 164 11 CentralAmerica n andMexica n Region 185 12 NorthAmerica n Region 199 Specieswithou t an identified region 207 References 209 Indexo fbotanica l names 228 Preface The aimo f thiswor k ist ogiv e thereade r quick reference toth e regionso f diversity ofcultivate d plants.Fo r important crops,region so fdiversit y of related wild species areals opresented .Wil d species areofte nusefu l sources of genes to improve thevalu eo fcrops .
    [Show full text]
  • Addis Ababa University School of Graguate Studies Plant Biology and Biodiversity Manegment Program Unit
    ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRAGUATE STUDIES PLANT BIOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY MANEGMENT PROGRAM UNIT AN ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF PLANTS USED IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND AS WILD FOODS IN AND AROUND TARA GEDAM AND AMBA REMNANT FORESTS IN LIBO KEMKEM WEREDA, SOUTH GONDER ZONE, AMHARA REGION, ETHIOPIA BY GETNET CHEKOLE JUNE 2011 ADDIS ABABA ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRAGUATE STUDIES PLANT BIOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY MANEGMENT PROGRAM UNIT AN ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF PLANTS USED IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND AS WILD FOODS IN AND AROUND TARA GEDAM AND AMBA REMNANT FORESTS IN LIBO KEMKEM WEREDA, SOUTH GONDER ZONE, AMHARA REGION, ETHIOPIA By Getnet Chekole A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PLANT BIOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY MANEGMENT Approved Examining Board Signature Sebsebe Demissew (Prof.) (Examiner) _______________________ Sileshi Nemomissa (Prof.) (Examiner) _________________________ Zemede Asfaw (PhD) (Advisor) _________________________ Ensermu Kelbessa (Prof.) (Advisor) _________________________ II TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………..……………i LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………………....iii LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………………..iv LIST OF ACRONYMS……………………………………………………………………….…v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………….....vi ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………….…vii 1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1 Background and Justification……………………………………………………………….....1 1.2
    [Show full text]
  • Tribe Species Secretory Structure Compounds Organ References Incerteae Sedis Alphitonia Sp. Epidermis, Idioblasts, Cavities
    Table S1. List of secretory structures found in Rhamanaceae (excluding the nectaries), showing the compounds and organ of occurrence. Data extracted from the literature and from the present study (species in bold). * The mucilaginous ducts, when present in the leaves, always occur in the collenchyma of the veins, except in Maesopsis, where they also occur in the phloem. Tribe Species Secretory structure Compounds Organ References Epidermis, idioblasts, Alphitonia sp. Mucilage Leaf (blade, petiole) 12, 13 cavities, ducts Epidermis, ducts, Alphitonia excelsa Mucilage, terpenes Flower, leaf (blade) 10, 24 osmophores Glandular leaf-teeth, Flower, leaf (blade, Ceanothus sp. Epidermis, hypodermis, Mucilage, tannins 12, 13, 46, 73 petiole) idioblasts, colleters Ceanothus americanus Idioblasts Mucilage Leaf (blade, petiole), stem 74 Ceanothus buxifolius Epidermis, idioblasts Mucilage, tannins Leaf (blade) 10 Ceanothus caeruleus Idioblasts Tannins Leaf (blade) 10 Incerteae sedis Ceanothus cordulatus Epidermis, idioblasts Mucilage, tannins Leaf (blade) 10 Ceanothus crassifolius Epidermis; hypodermis Mucilage, tannins Leaf (blade) 10, 12 Ceanothus cuneatus Epidermis Mucilage Leaf (blade) 10 Glandular leaf-teeth Ceanothus dentatus Lipids, flavonoids Leaf (blade) (trichomes) 60 Glandular leaf-teeth Ceanothus foliosus Lipids, flavonoids Leaf (blade) (trichomes) 60 Glandular leaf-teeth Ceanothus hearstiorum Lipids, flavonoids Leaf (blade) (trichomes) 60 Ceanothus herbaceus Idioblasts Mucilage Leaf (blade, petiole), stem 74 Glandular leaf-teeth Ceanothus
    [Show full text]