ISDB-T Fixed & One-Seg Receivers /Broadcasting Station Facility
ISDB-T Seminar
PresentationPresentation 55
ISDB-T Fixed & One-Seg Receivers /Broadcasting Station Facility
2525th.. July.July. 20020077 Caracas,Caracas, VenezuelaVenezuela DiBEGDiBEG JAPANJAPAN RafaelRafael PerezPerez CruzCruz (TOSHIBA)(TOSHIBA)
1 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Contents
1. Service Configuration of ISDB-T 2. ISDB-T Receivers Part 1: Receivers for fixed reception Part 2: Receivers for mobile reception Part 3: Receivers for portable reception 3. Facility of Broadcaster (Example) Part 1 Studio System Part 2 Transmitter and Transmission Network System
2 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group 1. Service Configuration of ISDB-T
As explained in forward seminar, ISDBT has a priority for service variation by making use of its hierarchical transmission technology. At first, show a relations between service type and hierarchical transmission system
3 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Image of ISDB-T transmission system performance
Transmission system; Segmented OFDM with Time interleave (Example; 1seg + 12 seg) Layer A Layer B (LDTV,Audio,Data) (HDTV or Multi- SDTV 13segments with Data)) (6MHz bandwidth) frequency
QPSK constellation Difference of required C/N 64QAM constellation Between 64QAM and QPSK Time interleave=0.4sis about 12 dB Time interleave=0.2s *13 segments are divided into layers, maximum number of layers is 3. *Any number of segment for each layers can be selected (totally 13 segment) *Transmission parameter sets of each layer can be set independently (In above example, modulation index of each layer are different) 4 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Hierarchical transmission system • Hierarchical transmission 3 layer case
6 dB 12dB
16QAM QPSK 64QAM (Indoor antenna) (Portable) (Roof top antenna)
As shown above, ISDB-T transmission system supports maximally 3 reception style. Therefore, any of transmission system can be arranged according to the service concept in one frequency channel and one transmitter 5 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Service Configuration of ISDB-T
(1) Single layer multi-program for stationary reception
TV program. 1 (1 transmitter) . TV program N Select any program (2) 2 layers for HDTV and portable reception (same program) HDTV program
QVGA (in home) (You can enjoy same TV program in any place) (outside) (3) 3 layers for HDTV , SDTV and portable reception (same program)
HDTV program
SDTV (roof top Antenna)
QVGA (indoor antenna) (outside)
Current service in Japan is case (2) shown above. 6 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Service lineup of ISDB-T in Japan ISDB-T has powerful applications HDTV Data broadcasting Mobile accesses
• High quality image on wide • Local news and weather forecast for screen and CD quality sound. viewers at any time. • Transmission service to Mobile accesses
Multi-channel program Interactive TV
7 •Standard quality multi-channel service • Offers Interactive service DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group 2. ISDB-T Receivers
As described in section 1., ISDB-T gives various kinds of broadcast service. According to service type, many kinds of receiver are now on market in Japan. ISDB-T receivers in Japanese market are categorized as follows;
(1)Receivers for fixed reception (2)Receivers for mobile reception (3)Receivers for portable reception (note) (note) To save power dissipation, One-Seg receivers are main trend. 8 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Part 1 Examples of receivers for Fixed Reception (Full Segment)
As described section 1., Digital Broadcasting service in Japan is mainly “HDTV(12 segment)+One-Seg(1 segment)”. Fixed reception type receivers are mainly for HDTV reception, categorized as shown below. (1)Wide flat panel TV (including tuner) (2)STB, DVD type( not include Display panel) (3)PC type (note) (note) some kinds of mobile PC has only One-Seg tuner to save power consumption. 9 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Hardware Components of a Basic Receiver
Flows of signal and data
AAC Audio Audio TS Decoder OUTPUT OFDM RF TUNER Decoder MPEG2 IF Demodulator TS /Demux Video Display Video H.264 Decoder Processing OUTPUT Caption Data Carousel
System Bus Key Command Remote NVRAM ROM RAM Controller I/O CPU Communication (Flash mem) (Font, etc.) (Main memory) I/F
Phone Line, LAN, etc. Between a Full-Seg receiver and a One-Seg receiver, the basic configurations are about the same, though there are some differences such as a tuner, video decoder, resolution of display and so on. RF ： Radio Frequency IF : Intermediate Frequency TS : Transport Stream Demux : Demultiplexer10 DiBEG NVRAM : Non-volatile RAM Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Fixed Receivers PDP TV
PDP-A427HX VIERA TH-42PZ700SK Wooo P42-HR01 Panasonic HITACHI Pioneer
LCD TV SDTV
VIERA TH-20LX70 VIERA TH-15LD70 REGZA 42H3000 AQUOS LC-42RX1W Panasonic TOSHIBA SHARP Panasonic
AQUOS LC-13SX7 BRAVIA KDL-40V2500 LCD-32HR100 AQUOS LC-16E1 SHARP SONY SANYO SHARP 11 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Fixed Receivers(Cont.)
HDD/DVD Recoder Blu-ray
RDZ-D800 DIGA DMR-XW51 BDZ-V9 SONY Panasonic SONY
VARDIA RD-S600 DVR-DV635 DIGA DMR-BW200 TOSHIBA MITSUBISHI Panasonic
STB STB-Cable
DT400 TU-MHD600 TZ-DCH1800 Panasonic MASPRO Panasonic 12 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Fixed Receivers(Cont.)
20.1 inch Desktop PC 20 inch 20.1 inch (1680x1050) (1680x1050) (1680x1050)
VALUESTAR S VS770/JG FMV-DESKPOWER LX70W/D Prius One type W AW37W5U NEC FUJITSU HITACHI
Notebook PC (medium-large size) 17 inch 17 inch (1440x900) (1920x1200) 15.4 inch (1280x800)
LaVie L LL970/HG FMV-BIBLO NX95W/D Qosmio G40/95C NEC FUJITSU TOSHIBA 13 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Part 2 Examples of In Car Receiver
Because of following reasons, ISDB-T receiver are able to be used under mobile and portable condition. (1) “Time Interleave function” (ISDB-T only). (2) Diversity reception Technology Many kinds of “In car receiver” are now on market in Japan.
14 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■ Mobile Reception Environment
1. Lower electric field strength because of low antenna height (Approx. 10dB down) 2. Smaller antenna gain because of a nondirectional antenna (Approx. 10dB down) 3. Greatly affected by multipath fading because of mobile reception 4. Doppler shift because of high-speed movement
Directional antenna Ground height ：10m Building, etc. Fixed reception
Reflected wave
Direct wave Nondirectional antenna Ground height ：1.5m
Mobile reception Station
Moving at high speed 15 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■ Improvement of Reception Performance
Improvement of a reception sensitivity with a single antenna almost reaches the limit.
Diversity reception techniques are expected to improve total reception sensitivity.
In fixed reception, diversity effect is 3dB at maximum. But in mobile reception, e.g. in-car TVs or cell phone TVs in a car or train, the effect reaches 6 - 8 dB.
16 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Overview of Diversity System
Ripples are generated because of multipath reception.
Reflected wave Direct （Multipath） wave RF Channel FFT Estimation and Tuner Equalization Selecting or Demapping RF Channel Combining FFT Estimation and Tuner Equalization
Note; this figure shows 2 input diversity reception, but, recently, 4 input type diversity receiver is now commercialized
17 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■In-car Receivers Navigation System Portable Navigation Device Full-Seg/One-Seg One-Seg Only Tuner separated model
Mini GORILLA Strada CN-HDS965TD AVIC-VH099G NV-SD10DT Panasonic Pioneer SANYO
All-in-one model One-Seg Only In-Car TV ※Full-Seg is Optional One-Seg Only
HS706D-A GORILLA NV-HD830DT NISSAN/SANYO CAV-TD85D1 SANYO SANYO
18 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Part 3 Examples of receivers for Portable Reception (One-Seg)
As described in forward seminar, “One-Seg” is very unique service in ISDB-T. This service enables following advantages; (1)Plural types of service in one channel(fixed/portable); it saves both frequency resource and Transmitter cost. (2)Low power consumption terminal (note) (note) Partial reception technology is used to save power consumption, this technology is unique for ISDB-T
In this part, show several kinds of portable receiver.
19 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Worldwide Trend of Mobile Digital TV Reception Importance of mobile reception is recognized worldwide. Europe and U.S.A developed additional system for mobile reception. Broadcasters need additional investment for mobile TV reception except in the case of Japan’s system.
JAPANJAPAN MobileMobile Reception:Reception: ISDB-TISDB-T FixedFixed Reception:Reception: ISDB-TISDB-T ・・ MPEG-4 MPEG-4 AVC/ITU-TAVC/ITU-T H.264H.264 waswas adoptedadopted forfor videovideo encoding.encoding. ・・ Launched Launched onon 11 AprilApril 2006.2006. EUROPE EUROPE ・・ Federative Federative RepublicRepublic ofof BrazilBrazil Mobile Reception: DVB-H Mobile Reception: DVB-H alsoalso adoptedadopted。。 Japan’sJapan’s systemsystem Fixed Reception: DVB-T Fixed Reception: DVB-T onon U.S.AU.S.A ・DVB-H was established for Jun 2006. ・DVB-H was established for KOREAKOREAJun 2006. MobileMobile Reception:Reception: mobile reception as series of mobile reception as series of MobileMobile Reception:Reception: T-DMBT-DMB UnderUnder ConsiderationConsideration DVB, European DTTB system. DVB, European DTTB system. FixedFixed Reception:Reception: ATSCATSC FixedFixed Reception:Reception: ATSCATSC ・Trial・Trial ServicesServices havehave beenbeen ・ T-DMB based on European ・ Stream distribution services providedprovided inin somesome countries,countries, ・ T-DMB based on European ・ Stream distribution services Digital Audio Broadcasting using mobile networks instead suchsuch asas Finland,Finland, France,France, Spain,Spain, Digital Audio Broadcasting using mobile networks instead (DAB) was adopted for mobile of terrestrial broadcasting andand Denmark.Denmark. (DAB) was adopted for mobile of terrestrial broadcasting reception systems unlike fixed have been started. ※※ MPEG-4 MPEG-4 AVC/ITU-TAVC/ITU-T H.264H.264 reception systems unlike fixed have been started. reception.reception. ・・ In In additionaddition toto DVB-H,DVB-H, newnew willwill bebe adoptedadopted forfor videovideo ・・ Launched Launched inin Dec.Dec. 20052005 technologiestechnologies suchsuch asas Media-Media-20 encoding.encoding. DiBEG ※※ MPEG-4 MPEG-4 AVC/ITU-TAVC/ITU-T H.264H.264 FLOFLO areare beingbeing considered.considered. Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ・ TT-DMBDMB was launched l h d in i GermanyG ini dtdfddfid id Comparison of Mobile Reception Systems Japan Other Countries - T-DMB (KOR) ISDB-T Transmission system - DVB-H (EU) (One-segment) - Media-FLO (U.S.A)
Service application Video/Audio/Data Video/Audio/Data
Assignment of new Not necessary Necessary frequency bandwidth
Additional license Not necessary Necessary Service provider Broadcaster Broadcaster/Carrier/ (Free Service) Other company (Pay Service) Emergency Warning Implementable Cannot implement Broadcasting System Thrifty Power Excellent Depend on systems Consumption 21 DiBEGObviously ISDB-T is excellent system for mobile reception. Digital Broadcasting Experts Group One-Seg Receiver Market OneOne --SegSeg isis OneOne --SegSeg abbreviationabbreviation MoreMore thanthanlaunchedlaunched 77 millionmillion onon cellcell AprilApril phonesphones 1,20061,2006 withwith .. OneOne forfor inin thethe marketmarket accordingaccording to ““JEITAoneone segmentsegment serviceservice ..
(Unit: million) Source: Nomura Research Institute 30 One-Seg Mobile”” .. Phones 25 --SegSeg 24.82 statisticsstatistics ofofserviceservice EndEnd ofof have have April,2007April,2007 beenbeen soldsold 20 19.1
15
10 Now here! 10.8 3.5 million In-Car One-Seg Receivers 5 4.24 4.54 2.47 0 0.890.03 0.25 1.03 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 22 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Portable Receivers
Cell Phone One-Seg Only
W51SA P903iTV 911SH
W52T D903iTV 911T
ａｕ ＮＴＴ ＤｏＣｏＭｏ Ｓｏｆｔｂａｎｋ 14 models are available 4 models are available 3 models are available at the end of May, 2007 at the end of May, 2007 at the end of May, 2007 23 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■Portable Receivers(Cont.) One-Seg Only
DVD Player Laptop Adapters(USB, etc.)
Many products are on sale. DVD-LX87 DVD-HP700ND VAIO type T Panasonic SANYO SONY BUFFALO, I・O DATA, etc.
Audio Player Dictionary Portable TV
gigabeat V30E Papyrus PW-TC900 XDV-100 TOSHIBA SHARP SONY 24 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ■ Diversity Reception System for Cell Phones
Diversity systems are applicable to cell phones as well as in-car receivers. Now, only one product, P903iTV, is equipped with diversity system. It has two antennas for One-Seg, a whip antenna and an internal antenna.
Retractable Whip Antenna
Internal Antenna
25 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group 4. Facilities of Broadcaster in Japan
Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting has start from Dec.,2003 in 3 metropolitan area. And from Dec. 2006, Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting has been in service in all prefecture.
In this section, show the several examples of Broadcaster’s facilities, both studio system and transmission system.
26 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Current situation in Japan
Digital Broadcasting Service
Begun by Oct. 2006 Begun by Dec. 2006 Begun by end of 2006
As shown below, Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting has started In all Prefecture 27 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Analog to Digital
Differences Between Analog and Digital Broadcasting
AnalogAnalog broadcastingbroadcasting Vision Analog Analog Master Sound STL transmitter
DigitalDigital Key technologies broadcastingbroadcasting MPEG Coding/Multi-plexing
OFDM transmission Vision Digitalization Coding
Digital Digital Sound Master Digitalization Coding STL transmitter
Data Coding Multiplexing 28 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group ApplicationsApplications
Segments: 12 Segments: 1
8:00 Supplemental broadcast
HDTV Supplemental HDTV broadcast Supplemental Supplemental Supplemental Supplemental 9:00 Supplemental broadcast broadcast broadcast Time SDTV １ 10:00 SDTV ２ 1 segment service for mobile phone SDTV ３
29 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Overall Block Diagram
Program Information System Data Service Production Data System Server Ether-Net LAN
Alarm Data Service SI/EPG Automation System Server Server
LOCAL LAN
Program HD Program RMP CM Server VTR Server SD Program1 SD Program2 ENC/ 1-SEG Program STL Matrix MUX Net Switcher SI TX Terminal Data services Station Analog program Analog STL
SI/EPG :Service Information/Electric Program Guide NET (HD:1 SD:1) Net Terminal RMP： Rights Management and Protection Station ENC/MUX： Encoder / Multiplexer 30 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Block diagram of ENC/MUX Total Control of Base Data Server Band and ENC/MUX Ether-Net LAN Touch Panel Automation Terminal
Encoding PSI/Transmission Parameter Control Data Primary VIDEO ISDB-T Transmission TS HD-ENC Control Data AUDIO Transmission Control Data SD1-ENC Multiplex TS Source Matrix System Change Input Switcher ISDB TS Splicer SD2-ENC STL MUX 1-SEG ENC TX SI/EPG Data Service SYS-1 ・Black Burst ENC/MUX SG Reference SYNC/MUX/SFN ・ 10MHz
SYS-2 ENC/MUX 31 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Example of Master system (TV Tokyo)
-Operation-Operation by by few few clues clues -Efficient-Efficient positioning positioning -Multi-Multi-view-view and/or and/or selection selection on on wide wide screenscreen LCD,PDP LCD,PDP -Use-Use touch touch panel panel for for operation operation -monitoring-monitoring another another line line at at monitoringmonitoring booth booth
32 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Example of Master system (TV-asahi)
33 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Transmission System
(1)High Power Digital Transmitter System (2)Micro-wave Links of Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting (3)Trans-poser of Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting
34 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group (1) High Power Digital Transmitter system
(a) An Example of Conceptual block diagram (Full redundant system)
OFDM UP High Power
Transport Divider MOD Conv. AMP Select Stream To Antenna
OFDM UP High Power MOD Conv. AMP
(b) Power Line-up in Japan
Area Digital TX Analog TX note Tokyo UHF 10 kW VHF 50 kW wide area key station Osaka UHF 3 kW VHF 10 kW same as above Nagoya UHF 3 kW VHF 10kW same as above
(c) Examples of Hardware; see following pages 35 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of High Power Digital Transmitter (Toshiba)
10 kW digital 3 kW digital 1 kW digital Transmitter(2/3 type) transmitter rack transmitter rack
Output power series; Feature; -10kW(2/3) type; for Kanto area -Any of cooling type (water or air) -Equipped high performance non-linear -3kW dual type; for Kansai and Chukyo distortion compensator -1kW dual type; for medium cover area 36 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Digital Transmitter (NEC)
Features 1) Both liquid cooling / air cooling available 2) Compact size / Minimized footprint 3) Adaptive Digital Corrector to maintain optimal signal quality 4) Color LCD to monitor detailed parameters
3kW Air Cooled 10kW Water Cooled UHF Digital TV Transmitter UHF Digital TV Transmitter (in operation at Osaka & Nagoya stations) (in operation at Tokyo station) 37 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Antennas(1)Antennas(1)
Analog AA numbernumber ofof analoganalog TVTV NHKAntenna TV Asahi antennasantennas werewere alreadyalready Fuji TV TBS NTV mountedmounted onon thethe TV Tokyo optimumoptimum positionposition ofof TokyoTokyo TowerTower ..
38 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Antennas(2)Antennas(2)
VacancyVacancy zonezone isis aroundaround 250m250m ofof TokyoTokyo tower,tower, ThereThere areare nono appropriateappropriate spacespace exceptexcept there.there. DigitalDigital antennasantennas werewere designeddesigned ,, compactcompact size,size, 66 metersmeters inin widthwidth andand 1212 metersmeters inin height.height.
VVacancyacancy zonezone
DigitalDigital TVTV AntennasAntennas
Special observationobservationSpecial deckdeck 39 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group (2) Micro-wave Transmission Link (a) STL(studio transmitter link) and TTL(transmitter transmitter link) 2 transmission types described below are available( can be applied to fiber transmission) 1. TS transmission type Micro-wave TS Micro- Micro- TS 64QAM Up Down 64QAM to OFDM wave wave from MOD Conv. Conv. DEMOD MOD MUX TX RX 2. IF transmission type Micro-wave OFDM Micro- Micro- UP Down signal OFDM wave wave Conv. Conv. MOD OFDM TX RX to transmitter signal
(b) FPU( Field Pick Up) Field Pick Up is the outside program transmission system for news gathering and sports relay system, etc. Recently, digital modulation system such as single carrier QAM and OFDM are introduced.
(c) Examples of Hardware; see following pages 40 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group An Image of transmission network chain
Transposer Transposer Broadcast wave relay
Broadcast wave relay Transposer Transposer Broadcast wave relay Micro TS-TTL Micro IF-TTL Transposer
Main Transmitter Micro TS-STL
41 DiBEG Studio Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Example of Wide KANTO area Network Transposer Transposer FX Transposer Studio FX Transmitter ：10WTX ： FX 3WTX ：300WTX
：IF TTL ：TS TTL
Tokyo Tower
０ １０ ２０ ３０ ４０ ５０ｋｍ
42 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Microwave STL/TTL (Toshiba)
TS STL/TTL TX TS STL/TTL RX IF TTL TX/RX
-Dual type, seamless switching -Dual type, TX/RX are installed in 1 rack -DVB-ASI digital interface -OFDM IF signal interface -Equipped automatic multi-path -Phase noise compensation technology equalizer with pilot signal 43 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Digital Studio to Transmitter Link for TS Signal Transmission (Hitachi KokusaiElectric)
2 channels dual system
・Seamless SHF Output Signal Switching ・DVB-ASI Digital Signal Interface ・High-performance automatic equalizer diminishes multi-path distortion 44 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Digital Transposer (NEC)
30W x 3-channels common amplification System Features 1) Excellent IM (less than -50dB) using Feed- forward technology.
2) MCPA (Multi Channel Power Amplifier) is available. No required of Channel combiner, especially, in the case of adjacent channel transmitting.
3) END (Equivalent Noise Degradation) improving equipment for on air receiving system is provided. - Loop canceller - Diversity receiver - Noise reduction (Re-mapping) Equipment.
45 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group Examples of Digital Transposer (Toshiba)
TS-TTL 3W TX TS-TTL 50W TX 46 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group END of Seminar #5
Thank you for your attention
47 DiBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group