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Chapter 296-78 WAC, Sawmills and Woodworking
Chapter 296-78 WAC Introduction Sawmills and Woodworking Operations _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 296-78 WAC Sawmills and Woodworking Operations (Form Number F414-010-000) This book contains rules for Safety Standards for sawmills and woodworking operations, as adopted under the Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act of 1973 (Chapter 49.17 RCW). The rules in this book are effective March 2018. A brief promulgation history, set within brackets at the end of this chapter, gives statutory authority, administrative order of promulgation, and date of adoption of filing. TO RECEIVE E-MAIL UPDATES: Sign up at https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/WADLI/subscriber/new?topic_id=WADLI_19 TO PRINT YOUR OWN PAPER COPY OR TO VIEW THE RULE ONLINE: Go to https://www.lni.wa.gov/safety-health/safety-rules/rules-by-chapter/?chapter=78/ DOSH CONTACT INFORMATION: Physical address: 7273 Linderson Way Tumwater, WA 98501-5414 (Located off I-5 Exit 101 south of Tumwater.) Mailing address: DOSH Standards and Information PO Box 44810 Olympia, WA 98504-4810 Telephone: 1-800-423-7233 For all L&I Contact information, visit https://www.lni.wa.gov/agency/contact/ Also available on the L&I Safety & Health website: DOSH Core Rules Other General Workplace Safety & Health Rules Industry and Task-Specific Rules Proposed Rules and Hearings Newly Adopted Rules and New Rule Information DOSH Directives (DD’s) See http://www.lni.wa.gov/Safety-Health/ Chapter 296-78 WAC Table of Contents Sawmills and Woodworking Operations _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 296-78 WAC SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SAWMILLS AND WOODWORKING OPERATIONS WAC Page WAC 296-78-500 Foreword. -
Frame Design by David Lantrip, MCPF, GCF Framing Stained Glass
Frame Design by David Lantrip, MCPF, GCF Framing Stained Glass skilled framer needs to be prepared to han- dle just about any form of artwork a cus- Atomer presents. Artwork that is seen less often can test a framer’s nerves since the particular needs and framing methods of that type of art might not come readily to mind. This is precisely why framers need to be prepared beforehand. After all, the design counter is not the place to learn about framing new type of artwork if the customer is to have confidence that the job will be done right. One such type of art is stained glass. Despite the fact that stained glass as an art has existed for 1,000 years, it’s not every day that someone brings a piece in to be framed. Displaying stained glass Traditional stained glass work, such as may seem intimidating, that found in but it can be framed churches and important build- and handled routinely ings, is worked in Stained glass worked in the Tiffany method midway through the lead came the soldering process. Once the soldering is complete, a small by following a few metal frame is applied, the solder has a patina applied, and the method. Relatively entire piece is cleaned and polished. basic design principles large pieces of glass, cut to shape, are held within H-shaped channels of lead known as foil strip, usually about ¼” wide, to the edge of the “came.” The ends of the came are soldered to adja- individual pieces of glass, burnishing and folding it cent pieces, and the glass is held tight with mastic to either side of the glass. -
Framer Modular.Indd
Assemblyy table for panelsp This Framer Modular is a component-based framing & assembly table for off -site panel construction. This system is a perfect solution for those who like to “do it yourselves”. Engineered components are fl at-packed and bolt- assembled to minimize transportation and installation costs while delivering a fl exible, fully customized wall panel assembly station. The Framer Modular is designed to deliver the best framing table solution for shops looking for effi ciency, accuracy, and fl exibility at an aff ordable budget. This system is customizable and expandable, with kits of components and accessories allowing shops to build the worktable to suit their specifi c production needs. This DIY delivery & assembly system optimizes an upfront investment through fl exible options while off ering the same robust, engineered panel assembling technology for which Soukup strives without compromise The Framer Modular is supplied as a kit with optional accessories can be assembled in various confi gurations to support the production of: Panel lengths at 6, 9.4, and 12.8 meters Panel widths from 400 to 3000 mm Optional extensions, up to 3800 mm at a working height of 700mm. The Framer Modular System comprises: Expandable Supporting Frame Structure Customizable Tabletop Elements Framing and Assembly Accessories Expandable Supporting Frame Structure 6-meter Table Confi guration: Consists of 2 End Modules 9.4-meter Table Confi guration: Consists of 2 End Modules + 1 Center Module 12.8-meter Table Confi guration: Consists of 2 End Modules + 2 Center Modules DIY: Build your own supporting frame structure with KVH structural timber according to our instruction manual. -
Care and Preservation of Furniture and Wooden Objects by Louise Beck, Conservator, the Henry Ford
The Care and Preservation of Furniture and Wooden Objects by Louise Beck, Conservator, The Henry Ford. Introduction Antique furniture and wooden objects can be maintained for years of use and enjoyment provided that some basic care and attention is given to their preservation. The conservation staff at The Henry Ford have compiled the information in this fact sheet to help individuals care for their objects and collections. The first step in the care of collections is to understand and minimize or eliminate conditions that can cause damage. The second step is to follow basic guidelines for care, handling and cleaning. Types of Damage For most antique furniture owners, the desire to both utilize their collections and at the same time preserve them presents a formidable challenge. These two objectives are often at odds with each other. Improper handling/usage/display, environment, cleaning, and repair are the most common causes of damage to furniture and wooden objects. The primary cause of damage to furniture is careless handling and use, resulting in damage to surfaces or structural damage to the object. Inappropriate environment, both in terms of light and relative humidity, can lead to damage. Excessive light can accelerate the aging and degradation of finishes resulting in a cracked, brittle or "alligatored" appearance; it can also cause fading or softening of the finish. Since wood is a porous material it readily absorbs water when humidity levels are high. This absorption of moisture causes wood to swell. Conversely, wood shrinks in a dry environment. The shrinkage of wood in dry environments leads to the formation of structural cracks, lifting veneer and inlays, gaps in joints and the embrittlement of adhesives. -
Annex 2B: OSB (Oriented Strand Board)
Panel Guide Version 4 Annex 2B: OSB (oriented strand in panels from different manufacturers; in panels from different manufacturers it is possible to obtain ratios board) of property levels in the machine- to cross-direction of Description 1.25:1 to 2.5:1, thereby emulating the ratios found in OSB is an engineered wood-based panel material in plywood. which long strands of wood are bonded together with a synthetic resin adhesive. OSB is usually composed Appearance of three layers, with the strands of the outer two layers OSB is readily identified by its larger and longer wood orientated in a particular direction, more often than strands, compared to particleboard. The orientation not in the long direction of the panel. While there is an of the surface strands is not always visually apparent, orientation, it is often hard to see because there is quite especially in small pieces of panel. The panel tends to a large degree of variability in this orientation among have a number of holes on the surface due to the overlap adjacent strands in the panels from any one production of strands, but a smoother surface can be obtained by line, as well as between panels from different producers. sanding. However, OSB will never possess the smooth- ness of surface found in fibreboards and particleboards: rather its merits lie in the field of mechanical perfor- mance which is directly related to the use of longer and larger strands of wood. OSB varies in colour from a light straw colour to a medium brown depending on species used, resin system adopted and pressing conditions employed. -
Woodworking Master
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION OHIO 4-H MASTER PROJECTS 4-H 560M Woodworking Master By Doug Dill, Faculty Emeritus, Extension Educator, Ohio State University Extension, and Assistant Superintendent, Ohio State Fair 4-H Woodworking Day. Reviewed by Randall Reeder, Faculty Emeritus, Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University The Woodworking Master project is for members who want to continue with woodworking after completing the Ohio 4-H woodworking projects (556 Measuring Up, 557 Making the Cut, 558 Nailing It Together, and 559 Finishing Up). Members of any age may complete this project, but must have completed the existing projects, must have woodworking experience comparable to what is required for other advanced-level 4-H projects, and must be able to plan and complete the project on their own with minimal supervision or assistance. NAME __________________________________________________________________________ AGE (as of January 1 of the current year): ______________________________________________ COUNTY: _______________________________________________________________________ CLUB NAME: _____________________________________________________________________ ADVISOR: _______________________________________________________________________ ohio4h.org CFAES provides research and related educational programs to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis. For more information: go.osu.edu/cfaesdiversity. Project Guidelines 1. Plan, design, build, and evaluate at least one 6. If possible, have someone take pictures of you woodworking project. What you make should be working on your project at different stages as you different from what you can make within the progress from the beginning through completion, guidelines of other 4-H woodworking projects, or and attach copies of the photos in section 6 or in require specialized or professional-level skills to a separate project scrapbook. complete (beyond what would be expected in 7. -
Creating a Timber Frame House
Creating a Timber Frame House A Step by Step Guide by Brice Cochran Copyright © 2014 Timber Frame HQ All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author. ISBN # 978-0-692-20875-5 DISCLAIMER: This book details the author’s personal experiences with and opinions about timber framing and home building. The author is not licensed as an engineer or architect. Although the author and publisher have made every effort to ensure that the information in this book was correct at press time, the author and publisher do not assume and hereby disclaim any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause. Except as specifically stated in this book, neither the author or publisher, nor any authors, contributors, or other representatives will be liable for damages arising out of or in connection with the use of this book. This is a comprehensive limitation of liability that applies to all damages of any kind, including (without limitation) compensatory; direct, indirect or consequential damages; income or profit; loss of or damage to property and claims of third parties. You understand that this book is not intended as a substitute for consultation with a licensed engineering professional. Before you begin any project in any way, you will need to consult a professional to ensure that you are doing what’s best for your situation. -
Framer Series Lumber Specifier's Guide
#LB-4020 SPECIFIER’S GUIDE WEYERHAEUSER FRAMER SERIES® LUMBER WITH WARPSTABLETM TECHNOLOGY Structural Framing Lumber with Predictable Performance • Computerized grading virtually eliminates warp • Comes with crown edge clearly marked • Eliminates field culling • Treated with a mold inhibitor • More stable and consistent than ordinary lumber • Limited product warranty STRAIGHT TALK ABOUT FRAMER SERIESTM LUMBER Framer Series lumber is mechanically graded to virtually eliminate warping, and each board comes with the crown clearly marked to speed up installation. With lumber like this, framing goes up fast, crews won’t spend valuable time culling, and there’s less material waste when the job is done. Each piece of Framer Series lumber with WarpStableTM technology predicts with 95% confidence which boards will remain stable after being dried below 7% MC. It maintains a stability that is defined by the American Lumber Standards to within the #1 grade limit for bow, twist or crook. Each board is mechanically graded and WHY MAKE THE SWITCH TO FRAMER SERIES LUMBER? the crown is marked. Framer Series lumber is performance tested to meet specific strength and density requirements. Because it's more stable than commodity boards, Framer Series lumber is ideal for any non-exposed application—even those where vertical-use-only products aren’t allowed. That gives crews more flexibility at the job Here’s why— site and helps reduce the potential for red tags. • Limited product warranty Only Weyerhaeuser Framer Series lumber offers so many benefits: • Crown edge clearly marked for fast installation • Limited warranty against warping • Performs more consistently • Floors, walls, and ceilings stay flat and even than ordinary lumber • Fewer callbacks to repair drywall cracks • Helps ensure smooth, flat • Crown edge clearly marked on each board to aid typical field practice of aligning finished surfaces crowns in the framing (a double arrow indicates an undetectable crown edge). -
Customer Total Amount
1 Mammoth Inc. 320 West College Ave. Pleasant Gap PA 16823 EIN-26-3403651 PA Contractor Licsense - PA025955 PH-(814)470-5742 Fax- (814)690-1677 Insured: Mullen,Kevin Property: 1991 Fairwood ln State College, PA Contractor: Cellular: (814) 470-5742 Company: Mammoth Inc. E-mail: scott@mammothrestoration. com Business: 320 West College Ave. Pleasant Gap, PA 16823 Claim Number: Policy Number: Type of Loss: Date of Loss: Date Received: Date Inspected: Date Entered: 9/12/2013 8:58 PM Price List: PAAL7X_AUG13 Restoration/Service/Remodel Estimate: 2013-09-12-2058 This is an initial estimate to repair/remove the cat urin from the property. 2 Mammoth Inc. 320 West College Ave. Pleasant Gap PA 16823 EIN-26-3403651 PA Contractor Licsense - PA025955 PH-(814)470-5742 Fax- (814)690-1677 2013-09-12-2058 Main Level closet 1 Height: 8' DESCRIPTION QNTY 8. R&R Oak flooring - #1 common - no finish 19.50 SF 9. Sand, stain, and finish wood floor 19.50 SF 10. R&R Baseboard - 2 1/4" 21.83 LF 11. Paint baseboard - two coats 21.83 LF 12. R&R Sheathing - plywood - 3/4" - tongue and groove 19.50 SF 13. R&R 2" x 4" lumber (.667 BF per LF) 20.00 LF 14. Carpenter - General Framer - per hour 2.00 HR Framing labor is to install nailers to install the new subfloor Bathroom Height: 8' DESCRIPTION QNTY 15. R&R Oak flooring - #1 common - no finish 67.57 SF 16. Sand, stain, and finish wood floor 67.57 SF 17. R&R Baseboard - 2 1/4" 37.00 LF 18. -
What Is Woodworking?
What is woodworking? Accident prevention in woodworking literally starts Never carry sharp or pointed tools in your pock- from the ground up — the floor. Whether you’re ets or use tools with burred or mushroomed heads. cutting, drilling, shaping or sanding, you will per- Check for and repair loose or damaged tool handles. form the operation more safely in a clean, unclut- tered workplace. When handling small tools, follow these suggestions: • Select the right tool for the job. Makeshift It’s easier and safer to work in a clean area tools are dangerous; • Sharp tools in good condition are safer; Remove sawdust, wood shavings and chips, • Give tools to co-workers by the handle first; and scrap lumber from the work area frequently • Carry only as many tools as you can safety throughout the day to eliminate slipping and trip- manage; ping hazards. • When carrying sharp or pointed tools, keep sharp edges and points down and never put Immediately clean up oil, grease and other liquids them in your pockets. spilled on the floor. Stop machine completely when unattended Pieces of lumber extending into aisles, materials lying around machinery and improperly stacked Unattended machinery is dangerous. The safe lumber make performing your job difficult and worker makes sure the machine is completely create hazards. stopped, not just switched off, before leaving it because an unsuspecting worker unfamiliar with the The floor itself also can become hazardous. Loose machine may touch the revolving cutting edge. All boards, protruding nails, splinters, holes or other woodworking machinery should have a magnetic surface defects can result in serious injuries if you start and stop button. -
Woodworking Joints.Key
Woodworking making joints Using Joints Basic Butt Joint The butt joint is the most basic woodworking joint. Commonly used when framing walls in conventional, stick-framed homes, this joint relies on mechanical fasteners to hold the two pieces of stock in place. Learn how to build a proper butt joint, and when to use it on your woodworking projects. Basic Butt Joint The simplest of joints is a butt joint - so called because one piece of stock is butted up against another, then fixed in place, most commonly with nails or screws. The addition of glue will add some strength, but the joint relies primarily upon its mechanical fixings. ! These joints can be used in making simple boxes or frames, providing that there will not be too much stress on the joint, or that the materials used will take nails or screws reliably. Butt joints are probably strongest when fixed using glued dowels. Mitered Butt Joint ! A mitered butt joint is basically the same as a basic butt joint, except that the two boards are joined at an angle (instead of square to one another). The advantage is that the mitered butt joint will not show any end grain, and as such is a bit more aesthetically pleasing. Learn how to create a clean mitered butt joint. Mitered Butt Joint The simplest joint that requires any form of cutting is a miter joint - in effect this is an angled butt joint, usually relying on glue alone to construct it. It requires accurate 45° cutting, however, if the perfect 90° corner is to result. -
Fine Woodworking Gallery Submission Form See Your Work In
Fine Woodworking Gallery Submission Form See your work in The Gallery In each issue of Fine Woodworking we publish more than a dozen photos of furniture and woodwork in our Readers Gallery, celebrating the work of hobbyist and professionals. We also publish more photos in the FineWoodworking.com Readers Gallery. To have your work considered for publication in print or on our Web site, please read the information below and follow the directions provided. Photographing your work Taking good photos of your work is one way to improve your chance of being featured in the magazine or on FineWoodworking.com. Here are some tips: • Shoot your work against a neutral background; a bed sheet or drop cloth will suffice. • Make sure you have plenty of indirect light from windows or light fixtures. • Take photos from many angles, overall and up close, to provide a complete presentation of your work. • Clean the furniture, and don't clutter the object with items such as books or collectibles. • Do not alter the images or remove the background electronically. How to make a submission Print and complete this form and send it along with any photos (prints, slides, or digital images on a photo CD) to: Fine Woodworking Readers Gallery The Taunton Press 63 South Main Street Newtown, CT 06470-5506 Or, you can email your photos and information to [email protected]. Digital photos should be in high-resolution format and unaltered. If you would like your materials returned, please include a self-addressed envelope with proper postage. Name: _____________________________________________ Address: ___________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Daytime telephone number: ( ______ ) ___________________ Email: _____________________________________________ Furniture type: (table, chair, etc.): _______________________ Wood: _____________________________________________ Other materials: _____________________________________ Finish: _____________________________________________ Approx.