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A Review of the Mangrove Goby Genus Hemigobius (Gobioidei, Gobiidae, Gobionellinae)

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A Review of the Mangrove Goby Genus Hemigobius (Gobioidei, Gobiidae, Gobionellinae) The Beagle, Records o f the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 1999 15: 23-42 A REVIEW OF THE MANGROVE GOBY GENUS HEMIGOBIUS (GOBIOIDEI, GOBIIDAE, GOBIONELLINAE) HELEN K. LARSON Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory PO Box 4646, Darwin N T 0801, AUSTRALIA ' (e-mail: [email protected]) ABSTRACT The gobiid fish genus Hemigobius is reviewed and found to comprise two species, which are redescribed. The genus is considered to belong to the subfamily Gobionellinae, is closely related to the genera Mugilogobius and Pseudogobius, and can be distinguished from them by a combination of characters. Hemigobius is restricted to mangrove habitats in northern Australia and South-east Asia. KEYWORDS: Gobioidei, Gobiidae, Gobionellinae, Hemigobius, mangroves, northern Australia, South-east Asia. INTRODUCTION were “... too badly preserved to decide it with certainty” (1931: 102). The holotype of The gobiid fish genus Hemigobius Gobius hoevenii (RMNH 4457) is a valid Bleeker, 1874, consists of six nominal species of Hemigobius, redescribed below. species, which have been variously placed in Three probable syntypes of Gobius Hemigobius, Mugilogobius or Pseudogobius. tambujon (RMNH 4458) are Redigobius The generic name apparently has not been species (Larson, in prep.). used other than in Koumans (1931, 1953), Fowler (1940) erected the genus Miller (1987), Kottelat et al. (1993) and Sphenentogobius, for his new species Larson (1995; in press). vanderbilti. He remarked upon the elevated Bleeker (1874) placed his new genus rear ramus of the mandible, and the Hemigobius in the group Subphalanx etymology of his genus Sphenentogobius Eugobii, in which he put most of the gobiid reflects this: “o<|>r)v wedge + evto^ within + genera comprising his Phalanx Gobiini. He Gobius”. He considered Sphenentogobius to characterised Hemigobius by the truncate be “apparently related to Redigobius". teeth of its type species, Gobius melanurus During revision of the gobiid fish genus Bleeker. Mugilogobius Smiti and its nominal relatives Koumans (1931: 101) erected the genus in the subfamily Gobionellinae (Larson Microgobius (non Poey), based on Bleeker’s 1995; Larson in press), Hemigobius Bleeker “museum name” written on the bottles of was found to be most closely related to two species at Leiden museum (RMNH), Pseudogobius. and listed it as a junior synonym of Hemigobius and Pseudogobius group Stigmatogobius Bleeker (along with together due to their derived fifth Pseudogobius, given as another Bleeker ceratobranchial, lip and gut morphology, museum name). Koumans included under mouth position and abbreviate headpore Microgobius non Poey: Gobius hoevenii patterns (they both lack preopercular pores Bleeker, 1851, and Gobius tambujon and the rear part of oculoscapular canal, but Bleeker, 1854, based on Bleeker’s jar labels. headpores are always present) (Larson in Koumans indicated that the latter two prep.). Each genus has an autapomorphic species were probably Stigmatogobius, but long gut coiling pattern, differing from most 23 Helen K. Larson of the Mugilogobius group of genera. on this group of gobionellines by Aurich Hemigobius has a long coiled gut (1938) and Miller (1987, 1989). reminiscent of Chlamydogobius (Larson Pterygiophore formula follows Birdsong et 1995; in press). The gut morphology of al. (1988). Transverse scale counts are taken Pseudogobius resembles a short version of by counting the number of scale rows from that in Awaous (Geevarghese 1983; Larson the anal fin origin diagonally upward and in press). Other related genera have short, back toward the second dorsal fin base. Head typically “carnivorous goby” gut formé. length is taken to the upper attachment of the Hemigobius has 17 segmented caudal rays, opercular membrane. Interorbital width is while Pseudogobius has 16. Pseudogobius least fleshy width (not least bony width). In has two s papillae rows on the snout, and the descriptions, an asterisk indicates counts Hemigobius has three, as in Mugilogobius. of the holotype. Numbers in parentheses Hemigobius has the fine villi on the head after counts indicate the number of characteristic of Mugilogobius, while specimens with that count, or the range of Pseudogobius does not possess them. counts. Vertebral counts and other Miller (1987) was in error when he stated osteological information was obtained by that Hemigobius lacked head canals. The radiography and clearing and double- author assumes that Miller made this staining. statement on the basis of his examination of Synonymies are not complete, as it was the type of Gobius melanurus Bleeker, 1849 not always possible to determine from (which is also the type of Hemigobius descriptions or illustrations what species was bleekeri Koumans, 1953), the only material referred to in various publications (for of this genus referred to in his paper (Miller example, Stigmatogobius hoevenii could be 1987). This specimen (RMNH 4501) has Hemigobius hoevenii or Mugilogobius badly abraded skin covering the very short chulae). Synonymies are given where the canals, so that the headpores appear to be identity was verified by examination of absent. However, the cheek scales, specimens or the description was characteristically shaped dentary and unequivocal. flattened teeth are present. Examination of Abbreviations for institutions referred to fresh specimens of this species revealed the are: AMS - The Australian Museum, canal and headpore arrangement Sydney; ANSP - Academy of Natural characteristic of this genus. Miller Sciences, Philadelphia; BMNH - The apparently was not aware of the identity of Natural History Museum, London; CAS - Gobius hoevenii Bleeker, 1851, as he refers California Academy of Sciences, San to Hemigobius as being monotypic (based on Francisco; CMK - Collection Maurice Koumans 1953). In the same paper, Miller Kottelat, Comol, Switzerland; KUMF - erroneously included Sphenentogobius Kasetsart University Museum of Fisheries, Fowler as a synonym of Redigobius (no Bangkok; NIFI - National Inland Fisheries reasons are given, although it is likely that he Institute, Bangkok; RMNH - Nationaal did so in agreement with Fowler’s statement, Naturhistorisches Museum, Leiden; NTM - in the original description of the genus, that Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern it was related to Redigobius). Territory, Darwin; URM - University of the Ryukyus, Naha; USNM - National Museum of Natural History, Washington; WAM - METHODS Western Australian Museum, Perth; ZMH - Measurements were taken using Zoologische Museum, Hamburg; ZRC - electronic callipers and dissecting Zoological Reference Collection, University microscope. Counts and methods generally of Singapore; ZSM - Zoologische Staat­ follow Hubbs and Lagler (1970), except as sammlung, München. indicated below. Papillae pattern Other abbreviations used: HL - head terminology is based on that of Sanzo length; SL - standard length; TRB - (1911), due to its use in previous literature transverse scale rows backward. 24 Review of the mangrove goby Hemigobius SYSTEMATICS extends upward and forward, well above quadrate. Mandibular ramus elevated and Hemigobius Bleeker, 1874 curved anteriorly in H. mingi, elevated but angled backward in H. hoevenii. Fifth Hemigobius Bleeker, 1874 (Gobius ceratobranchia^ triangular, very open and melanurus Bleeker, 1849: 31, Java; = lattice-like in structure. Hemigobius bleekeri Koumans, 1953: 191, Found in mangroves in Indo-west replacement name for Gobius melanurus Pacific. Bleeker, by original designation and monotypy). Key to species ofHemigobius Microgobius Koumans, 1931 (listed as synonym of Stigmatogobius). Preoccupied 1. Pectoral rays 13-17, usually 15-16; by Microgobius Poey. body relatively slender, depth at anus about Sphenentogobius Fowler, 1940 (S. 4-5.5 times in SL; about six distinct diagonal vanderbilti Fowler, 1940: 396, figs 8-11, bars along sides; first dorsal fin with two Sumatra, by original designation and broad dark bands, not forming monotypy). spot....................H. hoevenii (Bleeker, 1851) Diagnosis. Distinguished by following (Thailand, Hong Kong, Malaysia, combination of characters. Second dorsal Singapore, Philippines, Borneo, New rays 1,6-8, modally 1,7; anal rays 1,6-9, Guinea, northern Australia) modally 1,7; pectoral rays 13-17; 17 1A. Pectoral rays 13-15, usually 14; segmented caudal rays in 9/8 pattern; some body relatively deep, depth at anus about headpores present with no lateral canal over 3.5-4.5 in SL; scale margins outlined, preoperculum, no preopercular pores, no forming reticulated pattern, with four or five nasal pores, and pairs of interorbital pores indistinct dorsal saddles sometimes present; not connecting across interorbital space; 25- very distinct black spot posteriorly on first 34 lateral scales; circumpeduncular scales dorsal.........................H. mingi (Herre, 1936) strongly modally 12; predorsal scales 7-12, (Thailand, Singapore, Sumatra, Java) extending close up to behind eyes, margins of anteriormost scales scalloped; preopercle at least partly scaled; interorbital and top of Hemigobius hoevenii (Bleeker, 1851) snout with fine villi; gili rakers without (Figs 1-6, Tables 1-4) spines; papillose flaps or pads present at insertion of first gili arch onto roof of mouth; Gobius hoevenii Bleeker, 1851: 426-427 jaws small, lower jaw symphysis usually (Sambas, in river, Borneo). raised; thin, folded lower lip; teeth small and Vaimosa crassa Herre, 1945: 403 (brook flattened in females (at least), usually near Un Long, Hong Kong). conical
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