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Turkey Cotton Report

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Turkey Cotton Report TURKEY COTTON REPORT SEMA BASBAG Remzi EKINCI UNİVERSİTY OF DİCLE AGRİCULTURAL FACULTY, DİYARBAKİR-TURKEY TOTAL WORLD COTTON PRODUCTİON : 25.7 MMT 2017/18 TOTAL WORLD COTTON CONSUMPTION: 25.2 MMT 2017/18 TOTAL WORLD COTTON IMPORT: 8.15 MMT 2017/18 TOTAL WORLD COTTON EXPORT : 8.15 MMT ONE OF THE IMPORTANT CROPS COTTON IN TURKEY Cotton is one of the most important raw materials for textile industry in Turkey. Cotton is source of income directly 3 million and indirectly 12 million citizens of Turkey. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT ONE OF THE IMPORTANT CROPS COTTON ü Cultivation, ü Ginning, ü spinning, ü weaving, ü textile, ü oil and feed industry employ people of country. Cotton has become important to the industrial sector as well as to the internal and external trade of Turkey. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT COTTON AREA DECLINED IN TURKEY!!! However, recently cotton area and production declined significantly because of some resons such as üthe high costs, üweak cotton prices, üharvesting problem, üclimate change ünot enough supporting etc... 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT HIGH COST FACTORS ON COTTON PRODUCTION The most important cost factors in cotton production in Turkey ü land rents, ü fuel, ü fertilizer, ü herbicides, ü seeds, ü and labor costs. The production and use of cotton is influenced heavily by cotton politics, agricultural, industrial and trade policies and international developments. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT COTTON PRODUCTION IN TURKEY BY YEAR Crop Year Harv. Area Production (1000 Yield (kg/ha) (1000 ha) ton) 2005/06 600 800 1.333 2006/07 630 750 1.190 2007/08 500 625 1.250 2008/09 330 440 1.333 2009/10 280 380 1.357 2010/11 480 816 1.700 2011/12 542 954 1.760 2012/13 488 858 1.760 2013/14 450 803 1.727 2014/15 440 751 1.706 2015/16 460 807 1746 2016/17* 434 758 1664 2017/18** 484 871 1742 Source: ICAC 2017 *Estimation **Projection TURKEY COTTON PLANTİNG AREA (MHA), PRODUCTION (MMT) AND YIELD (KG/HA) Area Product. Yield 2000 1746 1800 1700 1742 1600 1730 1419 1675 1674 1333 1400 1333 1475 1357 1200 1322 1250 1190 954 1000 922 877 871 800 750 737 800 816 858 846 625 697 600 440 488 697 600 630 400 477 400 500 480 542 450 434 431 434 330 200 300 0 2001/02 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2011/12 Source: ICAC, 2017 REASONS OF THE NCREASE PER UNIT YIELD ü Developed high potential new varieties, ü Agro-climatic conditions ü The investment of modern equipment, ü Availability water (irrigation) during the growing season, ü Improvement in plant protection and agronomical, applications, and fertilizers, ü Increased use of certificated seeds. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT 2017 23 % 61% 16 % The Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) is a multi-sector and integrated regional development effort approached in the context of sustainable development. GAP extending over wide plains in the basins of the lower Euphrates and the Tigris covers 9 Provinces 9.7 % of the total surface area of the country. SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIAN PROJECT ATATURK DAM The project is one of the world's largest river basin development projects. It includes 13 irrigation and hydropower schemes, which involve the construction of 19 hydroelectric power plants and 22 dams on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and the irrigation of 1.82 million hectares of land. SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIAN PROJECT ATATURK DAM ATATURK DAM Cotton Production by Regions in Turkey South East Anotolia Aegean Cukurova Antalya Source:TURKSTAT, 2017 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT TURKEY COTTON FIBER PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION (1000 MT) 1600 1486 1500 1481 Production Consumption 1450 1400 1360 1400 1300 1200 1000 954 877 858 846 871 800 737 756 600 400 200 0 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 COVERAGE OF COTTON PRODUCTİON TO CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY % Table 6. Exports and Imports of Cotton Fiber Turkey Export Import Year (1000 MT) (Milyon $) (1000 MT) (Milyon $) 2012 52 107 614 1.275 2013 48 100 869 1.681 2014 46 88 913 1.750 2015 48 76 803 1.233 2016 76 124 821 1.238 2017 72 130 801 1.408 Source: Izmir Commodity Exchange 2017 2016/17 TEXTİLE EXPORTS OF TURKEY (MILLION $) TOTAL: 10,1 BILLION $ 2016/17 TEXTİLE EXPORTS OF TURKEY BY COUNTRY Source: ITKIB, 2017 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY The textile and clothing Industry of Turkey is core of economic development process due to the size of production, the employment created, GDP (Gross Domestic Product) contribution, share in manufacturing, the value added created in the production process, and the export potential. TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY Turkey Fiber Export Turkey fiber exports have increased by 12.2% in January- October 2017, approximately $ 491 million. Turkey fiber exports increased by 6.1% in October in 2017 and reached 57 million dollars. TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY Turkey Yarn Export In 2017, the most important country of Turkey yarn exports is Italy, with 190 million dollars. Export of yarn to Italy increased by 27.6% in October of 2017. Other important countries in our yarn export are UK, Belgium and Iran. TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRY OF TURKEY Turkey Yarn Export Among the top ten export markets for yarn exports in 2017, Belgium had most decrease with 3.2% in exports while USA had the most increase with 54.4%. When we look at the EU (28) countries which have a share of 62.1%, with 921 million dolar in yarn exports in 2017. TURKEY COTTON IMPORT BY COUNTRY Almost all of the cotton seeds are renewed every year in Turkey. Research Institutes of Ministry, universities and private sectors are carrying out various improvement and growing techniques studies for new cotton cultivars. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT REGISRETED COTTON VARETES BY SECTORS N 19 6 4 -2017 . nA Total of 16 8 cotton varieties are developed between 1964 and 2017 in Turkey. nThese cotton varieties have been registered by research institutes, private companies and universities using various breeding methods. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT Regisreted cotton varieties by sectors in 1964- 2017. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT Registered Cotton Varieties by Years 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT Cotton Lint Yield in Turkey and World by Years 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT GENE BANK İN NAZİLLİ The «Cotton Gene Bank" established by Nazilli Cotton Research Institute in 2004, are kept new cotton varieties developed both at in country and abroad and these materials are used for domestic and overseas studies of varieties development. 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT Some of Tasks Nazilli Cotton Research Institute üStudied cotton breeding üCollaboration with other institutes. üCoordinate cotton researches nationally üConserving of genetic stock üDeveloping source material üTraining and publication activities on cotton. üExchange material with other institutes 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT THE COTTON CULTIVARS PRODUCED IN TURKEY BY BREEDİNG STUDIES HAVE DEVELOPED AS FOLLOWİNG; FROM 1980 TO 2017 Characters 1980s 2017 Cotton Lint yIEld 750-800 kg.ha-1 1500-1740 kg.ha-1 Ginning percentages 33-35% 40-45% Fiber Length 22-26 mm 29-32 mm Fiber strength 18-20 g/tex 28-30 g/tex Fiber fineness 5-5.5 mic. 3.5-4.5 mic. Priority objectives of the cotton breeding program in Turkey yielding ability resistance to insects fiber quality cotton breeding resistance to Drought and high Verticillium wilt program temperature (V.dahliae) tolerance adaptation for Early maturity specific regional conditions Percentage of the cotton breeding researches 1. Adaptation (30%) 2.Fiber quality (25%) 3.Earlines and second crop cotton (10%) 4.Resistance to drought and high temperature (10%) 5.Mutation (8%) 6.Storage (5%) 7.Resistance diseases and pest (5%) 8.Tisue culture and molecular genetic (7%) 13th Meeting of the Inter-Regional Cooperative Research Network on Cotton for the Mediterranean and Middle East, February 2-6 2018, Luxor-EGYPT Cotton Breeding Objectives Approximately 20 varieties are commercially produced at present.
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