Cavite-Climate-Change-Action-Plan.Pdf

CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN Province of Cavite

Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use. Note that the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), in its Article 1, defines climate change as: „a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.‟ The UNFCCC thus makes a distinction between climate change attributable to human activities altering the atmospheric composition, and climate variability attributable to natural causes (Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS, page 4).

An Integrated Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by the United Nations and World Meteorological Society in 1988 to generate an assessment report on climate change. The panel, composed of around 800 scientists from 80 countries, published its first assessment report in 1990.

These reports have validated three (3) key messages that (a) warming of the climate is unequivocal; (b) many observed impacts are happening more quickly than previously predicted such as amplification of extreme weather events, intensified tropical cyclone and extreme rains and (c) it is extremely likely that humans are the major drivers of climate change.

The most recent United Nations report on climate change released concluded that the warming of the planet will hit the poor the hardest, particularly those who depend on agriculture and fisheries for income and subsistence.

The poor will be hit in two major ways: rice and corn farmers will experience significant decreases in crop yields while the same reduced crop yields, together with growing population, will drive up food prices, making food less affordable for those in poverty.

Global warming's toll on the world's aquatic resources are also harming fishermen everywhere. The change in ocean temperature and ocean acidification will only exacerbate massive coral bleaching leading to reduced catch of marine resources.

While people from all levels of the economic ladder are affected by extreme weather events linked to climate change, the poor definitely bear the brunt and stand to face the deadliest of consequences. The poor are less equipped to adapt their way of life and livelihood to climate change and are less able to bounce back after the phenomenon's effects hit them.

So what needs to be done? Help reduce or maintain low GHG (Greenhouse gases) emissions, enhance disaster risk reduction and management and implement climate change adaptation on all levels of governance and policy.

Situational Analysis

Cavite belongs to Type 1 Climate based on the Climate Map of the Philippines by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA). Being a Type 1, Cavite has two (2) pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year. In the year 2010, the average temperature of the province is at 27.6oC. January and February are the coolest months with an average of 25.15oC. The province has received a total of 2,056.1mm of rainfall in 2010. August and October are the rainiest months while there is no rainfall experienced during the month of February. (Table 3.6)

Table 1. AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL BY MONTH, PROVINCE OF CAVITE

Average Temperature Average Rainfall Month o ( C) (millimeters) January 24.45* 5.8 February 25.85* 0 March 26.7* 10.4 April 27.3* 45.4 May 27.85* 36.8 June 27.2 151.2 July 29.9 355.9 August 26.5 375.2 September 29.6 291.8 October 29.1 444.7 November 28.8 240.9 December 28.0 98.0 Source: *PAG-ASA CvSUAgromet Research Station, PAG-ASA, Sangley Point Field Office

Historical Temperature Record

Based on data culled from PAGASA, from the Agromet Station in Sangley Point, Cavite City (1981-2010), the maximum average temperature for the Province was around 31.8 degrees Centigrade, the minimum was 24.7 degrees centigrade and the mean was about 28.4 degrees centigrade.

Table 2. HISTORICAL TEMPERATURE RECORD

Source: PAGASA

Moreover, for Seasonal temperature increases (in °C) in 2020 and 2050 under medium-range emission scenario, the Province utilized the projections and computation formulated by PAGASA under the MDGF-1566 Project of NEDA. It was found out that the Province for 2020 (2006-2035) projections would have a DJF (December-January-February) Mean Temperature of 26.0 degree Celsius, a one (1) degree increase from the observe baseline temperature of 25.7 degree celsius (1971-2000). On the other hand, for 2050 projections (2036-2065), the Province would have a DJF Mean Temperature of 27.7 degree Celsius or a two (2) degrees centigrade increase.

Table 3. SEASONAL TEMPERATURE INCREASES IN °C IN 2020 AND 2050 UNDER MEDIUM- RANGE EMISSION IN PROVINCES IN REGION IV-A

Observed Baseline (1971-2000) Change in 2020 (2006-2035) Change in 2050 (2036-2065) DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON Region 4-A Batangas 24.2 26.5 25.9 25.6 1 1.2 0.9 1 1.9 2.2 1.8 1.9 Cavite 25.7 28.2 27.3 26.9 1 1.2 0.9 1 2 2.2 1.8 1.9 Laguna 25 27.5 27.5 26.7 0.9 1.1 1 0.9 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.9 Quezon 25.1 27.2 27.6 26.7 0.9 1.1 1 0.9 1.8 2.1 2 1.8 Rizal 25.4 27.9 27.6 26.8 0.9 1.1 0.9 1 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9

Table 4. SEASONAL RAINFALL INCREASES IN °C IN 2020 AND 2050 UNDER MEDIUM - RANGE EMISSION IN PROVINCES IN REGION IV-A Observed Baseline (1971-2000) Change in 2020 (2006-2035) Change in 2050 (2036-2065) DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON Region 4-A Batangas 231 280.4 856.5 746.4 -29.9 -24.1 9.1 0.5 -11.1 -23.1 17.2 6.3 Cavite 124.9 242.8 985.7 579 -26.1 -28.2 13.1 0.4 -19.1 -30.5 24.2 5.9 Laguna 629.2 386.8 845 1066.5 -20.2 -31.5 2.9 2.9 0.1 -34.8 6.8 0.4 Quezon 827.7 382.7 670 1229.3 -6.5 -18.6 2.9 5.2 6.6 -20.6 6.5 0.9 Rizal 262.4 241.5 1001.3 821.8 -13.5 -30.7 12.4 -0.9 -11.5 -39.8 24.8 -0.8 Source: PAGASA

Projected Climate Change

Since Climate Change is inevitable, the respective LGUs should brace itself for its effects and implement the necessary mode of actions to adapt or mitigate its eventualities, one of these by knowing the right information and important data related thereto.

The Province, still based on the parameters indicated under the publication “Climate Change in the Philippines, February 2011) by PAGASA, the Seasonal rainfall change (in %) in 2020 and 2050 under medium-range emission scenario is 92.31 mm for 2020 and about 101.40 mm for 2050, an increase of 9.09 mm of rainfall.

It is also worth mentioning that the number of dry days in the Province is projected to lessen from 6,635 days for 2020 projections to 6,565 days for 2050, meaning wetter days is ahead for the Province.

Global sea-level rise is another hazard caused by the melting of ice glaciers and mountain ice caps and the thermal expansion of ocean waters. At the local level, sea-level rise is also attributed to the over-extraction of groundwater resources for drinking and domestic purposes, which causes subsidence.

Data from DENR show that the mean sea-level of Manila Bay had risen to +0.183 m and +0.142 m for the periods 1970-79 and 1980-89, respectively. In the succeeding decade, 1990-2000, sea-level increased by +0.168 m (Mainstreaming Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Variability and Sea-Level Rise into Integrated Coastal Management: The Case of Cavite City, Philippines by Ramon Faustino M. Sales, Jr., Ph.D., 2008)

Sea-level rise causes flooding of low-lying coastal areas, coastal erosion, and saltwater intrusion into groundwater resources of the barangay. Anecdotal accounts from local residents reveal that shoreline changes have taken place due to sea-level rise.

Data from NOAA/Laboratory Satellite Altimetry TOPEX, J1 and J2, shows that the Province has an observed sea-level rise of about 7 mm/year (September 1992-June 2012) or about 56mm from 2012-2020 or a total of 266 mm up to 2050.

To put this in its proper perspective, the global sea-level rise for the past century was around .17 m

On the other hand, with regards to the frequency of extreme events (El Nino and La Nina) or in the number of days with a temperature of more than 35 degrees centigrade, for 2020 projections it has 1,697 days and this would increase to 2,733 days by 2050, or an additional 1,037 days of intense heat.

Table 5. FREQUENCY OF EXTREME EVENTS IN 2020-2050 UNDER MEDIUM-RANGE EMISSION IN PROVINCES IN REGION IV-A. No. of Days w/ Provinces Stations No. of Days w/ Tmax>35°C No. of Dry Days Rainfall>300mm OBS 2020 2050 OBS 2020 2050 OBS 2020 2050 Batangas Ambulong 928 8010 8016 8226 6081 6049 1 3 2 Cavite Sangley 630 1697 2733 7352 6635 6565 0 4 2 Quezon Alabat 53 132 733 6629 7025 7042 2 36 39 Tayabas 22 791 1434 6771 4717 4668 2 3 4 Casiguran 575 1720 2768 6893 4520 4887 1 20 27 Infanta 350 378 1112 5903 4006 4015 0 20 16 Source:

Map 1. SEA LEVEL RISE MAP

Sea Level Trends

Source NOAA/Laboratory Satellite Altimetry TOPEX, J1 and J2 http://ibis.grdl.noaa.gov/SAT/SeaLevelRise/

CAPACITY ASSESSMENT FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

The MDGF 1656: Strengthening the Philippines‟ Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change is a Joint Programme forged by the Government of the Philippines, the UNDP and other UN agencies in the Philippines towards mainstreaming climate risk reduction (CRR) into key national and selected local development plans and processes; enhancing national and local capacity to develop, manage and administer plans, programmes, and projects addressing climate change risks; and improving coping mechanisms through tested pilot schemes with national up-scaling potential.

The Province of Cavite was one of the pilot participants in this endeavour.

The assessment utilized the UNDP‟s capacity development approach and capacity assessment methodology, which offer a systematic tool for assessing capacity development priorities and identifying capacity responses to address such gaps.

The CA looked at both functional and technical capacities on CCA at three levels; namely, the enabling environment or policy level, the organizational level, and the individual level. The core development issues on CCA across agencies are clustered as, (1) policy, (2) institutional arrangements, (3) knowledge management, and (4) resource management. Regardless of the roles the agencies/institutions play in development (and, subsequently in CCA), the functional capacities required to address the core issues are the following: the capacity to engage in multi-stakeholder dialogues; the capacity to assess a situation, create mandate and vision; the capacity to formulate policy and strategy; the capacity to budget, manage and implement; and the capacity to monitor and evaluate. Two instruments were produced from intersecting the core issues with the functional capacities, i.e., (1) Capacity Assessment Framework, and (2) Capacity Assessment Tool (CA Worksheets).

Hereunder were the findings:

PLGU Cavite

(a) Core development issues

The core issues particular to LGU Cavite which underwent capacity assessment are:

Policy

 Effective and efficient operationalization of the newly formed Cavite Office for Public Safety (COPS) Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Division

Institutional Arrangements

 Effective and efficient operationalization of the newly formed COPS DRRM Division

Knowledge Management

 Access to and use of CCA/DRR data and information  Data gathering and development of database for CCA/DRR

Resource Management

 Physical (infrastructure, financial and human resources)

These core issues have been established during the stakeholders‟ consultation and validated during the TOT by the Focal Persons of LGU Cavite. Capacity development indicators were determined for each and used during the capacity assessment rollout.

(b) Overall rating of capacities

The capacity development indicators for each of the five technical/functional capacities of each of the four core issues (policy, institutional arrangements, knowledge management, and resource management) were rated using the prescribed rating system of scale 1 to 5. The table shows the summary rating for current capacities for each of the capacity development indicators.

The overall rating of the agency is 3.52. This rating indicates that a CCA approach exists in LGU Cavite. The numerous existing initiatives related to CCA and DRR already being implemented mostly in coastal municipalities (e.g., MCUZP, Cavite Billion Trees, Mangrove Rehabilitation, DRRM, Fish Sanctuary, Protected Landscape, Flood Alert and Management, etc.) and the newly formed DRRM Division under the Cavite Office of Public Safety have contributed to the high overall ratings. Highest score is given to institutional arrangements (3.60), followed by policy (3.55) and knowledge management (3.48). Rated lowest is resource management at 3.47

In terms of functional capacities vis-à-vis the four development issues, rated highest is capacity to budget, implement and manage (5.00) followed by the capacity to engage in multi-stakeholder dialogue (3.59), followed by the capacity to assess a situation and create a vision and mandate (3.25). The capacity to formulate policies and strategies rates the lowest across the core issues of resource management (2.33) and policy (2.75). These rating however indicate that the policies and strategies have been planned and implemented but not yet reviewed.

Table 6. Summary rating of the CCA capacities of LGU Cavite CAVITE EXISTING Institutional Knowledge Resource Policy Average CAPACITIES 2011 Arrangements Management Management

Engage Stakeholders 3.00 4.00 3.38 4.00 3.59 Assess a Situation & Define 4.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 a Vision and Mandate 3.25 Formulate Policies & 2.75 3.00 3.00 2.33 Strategies 2.77 Budget, Manage & 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Implement 5.00 Evaluate 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Average 3.55 3.60 3.48 3.47 3.52

Engage in multi-stakeholder dialogue

The table below shows the individual rating of the capacity development indicators referring to the technical/functional capacity to engage in multi-stakeholder dialogues across the core development issues.

In terms of the capacity of LGU Cavite to engage in multi-stakeholder dialogues, the highest rating (4.00) is given to institutional arrangements and resource management. The third capacity indicator (LGU‟s Legal basis and mandate for the creation of the Department/Division) has been rated a five (5.0). The DRRM division has indeed been

8 created but to rate a 5.0, the capacity has to be planned, implemented, reviewed on the basis of benchmarks, adjusted and fully integrated into the organization. The DRRM Division has not been fully operationalized for CCA/DRR.

Focus for capacity development interventions are those capacities rated 2.0 and below, and these are the capacity to capacity to effectively communicate the mandate of the newly created office to all LGU levels and capacity for research and study.

Table 7. Rating of indicators of the capacity to engage in multi-stakeholders dialogue vis-à-vis development issues Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: indicator Arrangements: Management: Management:

Effective and efficient Effective and Access to and Physical operationalization of efficient use of CCA/DRR (infrastructure); the newly created operationalization information; & Human Cavite Office of Public of the newly Data gathering resources; & Safety (COPS)- created Cavite and development Financial Disaster Risk Office of Public of database resources Reduction Safety (COPS)- Management Division Disaster Risk Reduction Management Division

LGU capacity to effectively communicate the mandate of the created office to all its 2.00 (4.00) stakeholders (City/Municipal, Barangay officials, NGOs, civil society, and the general public)

Capacity of LGU leadership to identify, organize, advocate and facilitate the involvement of key 2.00 (4.00) stakeholders in CCA/DRR organization and operationalization

LGU’s Legal basis and mandate for the creation of the 5.00 (5.00) Department/Division.

LGU’s Organizational Structure 4.00 (4.00)

Defined Roles and Functions of 3.00 (4.00) the Department

Qualification of Personnel/Staff 3.00 (4.00)

Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

Leadership Capacity to advocate/organize facilitate/convince/ identify key 3.00 (4.00) stakeholders to involve in DRR- CCA organization.

LGU capacity to gather data and develop indicators with active 4.00 (5.00) participation of stakeholders

Research and Study 2.75 (3.00)

LGU capacity to involve stakeholders in the inventories of available resources and assess 4.00 (5.00) what are needed for CCA initiatives

Mean 3.00 (4.00) 3.60 (4.20) 3.38 (4.00) 4.00 (5.00)

Assess situation and create a mandate and vision

This functional capacity vis-à-vis the core development issues is rated highest (4.0) for policy. There is already more than adequate capacity for mainstreaming/integrating CCA/DRR in the policies and plans of LGU Cavite as evidenced in their PDPFP 2008-2013, PDIP 2008-2013, 2008-2013, ELA 2010-2013, AIP 2011 and others. The lowest rating is for the capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to Integrate DRRM-CCA plan in the PDPFP (institutional arrangements) with the capacity to establish basic requirements to mainstream CCA/DRR in P/P/Ps (resource management) rated 2.0. These are the critical areas wanting capacity development interventions. Clearly, there is the need to develop/enhance knowledge and technical skills for planning and implementing CCA/DRR initiatives.

Table 8. Rating of indicators of the capacity to assess situation, create a mandate and vision vis-à-vis development issues Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

LGU capacity to effectively and efficiently mainstream existing national policies into local 4.00 (5.00) policies, plans and programs (P/P/P)s

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to integrate DRRM-CCA plan in 4.00 (5.00) the PDPFP

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to integrate DRRM-CCA 4.00 (5.00) programs, projects and activities in the PDIP and the AIP

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to integrate DRRM-CCA policies 4.00 (5.00) in the ELA

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to have DRRM-CCA programs, 4.00 (5.00) projects and activities integrated in the sectoral plans

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to Integrate DRRM-CCA plan in 2.00 (4.00) the PDPFP,

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to Integrate DRRM-CCA 3.00 (4.00) programs, projects and activities in the PDIP,

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff 3.00 (4.00) to Integrate DRRM-CCA policies

Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

in the ELA,

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to Integrate DRRM-CCA 4.00 (4.00) programs, projects and activities in the AIP

Capacity of the DRRM-CCA staff to programs, projects and 3.00 (4.00) activities Integrated in the different sectoral plan

Conduct of survey to LGU, 3.00 (4.00) Barangay and Stakeholders

LGU capacity to identify skills development needs of LGU 4.00 (5.00) leadership and staff for CCA and DRRM

LGU capacity to establish basic requirements for mainstreaming 2.00 (5.00) CCA in LGU (P/P/P) activities

Mean 4.00 (5.00) 3.00 (4.00) 3.00 (4.00) 3.00 (5.00)

Formulate policy and strategy

PLGU Cavite‟s capacity to formulate policy and strategy has been developed across the four core development issues.. Ratings are 3.0 for institutional arrangements and knowledge management, 2.75 for policy, and 2.33 for resource management. Capacities rated 2.0 and below must be prioritized in the capacity development programme, and these include the capacities to prepare project proposals, including technical reports on CCA/DRR and design career development programs for CCA/DRR staff, prepare technical reports for CCA/DRR.

Table 9. Rating of indicators of the capacity to formulate policy and strategy vis-à-vis development issues Categories of development issues

Capacity development Policy: Institutional Knowledge Resource Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

Safety (COPS)- created Cavite and development Financial Disaster Risk Office of Public of database resources Reduction Safety (COPS)- Management Division Disaster Risk Reduction Management Division

LGU capacity to formulate, introduce and implement CCA- 3.00 (4.00) related {P/P/P s) and activities

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to consolidate, harmonize and 3.00 (4.00) assess DRR/CCA policies, plans, programs and projects

LGU capacity to analyze and interpret available hazard maps 3.00 (4.00) of the province

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to prepare project proposals and 2.00 (3.00) technical reports on CCA/DRR

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to consolidate, harmonize and 3.00 (4.00) assess Policy, Plans, Programs and Projects

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to analyze and interpret Available 3.00 (4.00) Hazard Maps

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to prepare Technical report and 3.00 (4.00) Project Proposals

LGU capacity to update (and approve) city/municipal 3.00 (4.00) LDP/CLUP with CCA/DRR mainstreamed

LGU capacity to legislative and codify all CCA/DRR related laws 3.00 (4.00) and resolutions

LGU capacity to design career 2.00 (3.00) development programs for HR

Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

involved in CCA and DRRM

LGU capacity to prepare 2.00 (3.00) technical reports for CCA/DRRM

LGU capacity to legislate and codify all CCA/DRR-related 3.00 (3.00) laws/resolutions

Mean 2.75 (3.75) 3.00 (4.00) 3.00 (4.00) 2.33 (3.00)

Budget, manage and implement

The capacity of LGU Cavite to budget, implement and manage CCA /DRR activities is high and well -established (due partly to the provisions for internal budget allocation provided for in RA 10121.

Table 10. Rating of indicators of the capacity to budget, monitor and implement vis-à- vis development issues Categories of development issues

Capacity development Policy: Institutional Knowledge Resource indicator Arrangements: Management: Management:

Capacity of LGU leadership to allocate budget for the creation 5.00 (5.00) and operationalization of COPS

Capacity of LGU to fully funded 5.00 (5.00) the office of the COPS-DRR

LGU capacity to allocate internal budgets or source funds for the 5.00 (5.00) gathering and development and

Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

management of database for CCA activities

LGU capacity to allocate internal budgets or source funds for 5.00 (5.00) Resource Management activities

Mean 5.00 (5.00) 5.00 (5.00) 5.00 (5.00) 5.00 (5.00)

Monitor and evaluate

The functional capacity to monitor and evaluate across all the four core development issues are rated as 3.0 There are many indications that development/enhancement of this functional capacity should have a priority.

Table 11. Rating of indicators of the capacity to monitor and evaluate vis-à-vis development issues Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

LGU capacity to fully understand the relevance of monitoring tools 3.00 (4.00) for DRR/CCA programs, projects and activities

LGU capacity to design/develop M&E indicators for mainstreaming and 3.00 (4.00) implementing CCA/DRR in local (P/P/P)s and activities

Categories of development issues

Institutional Knowledge Resource Capacity development Policy: Arrangements: Management: Management: indicator

LGU capacity to form and organize a monitoring unit for 3.00 (4.00) DRR/CCA programs, projects and activities

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to fully understand the relevance of the monitoring tools for climate 3.00 (4.00) change and its impact to the environment.

Capacity of DRR/CCA staff to organize a knowledge 3.00 (4.00) management system for DRR/CCA monitoring

Capacity of the DRR/CCA to 3.00 (4.00) organize a Monitoring Team

LGU capacity to design M&E tools to assess knowledge 3.00 (4.00) management

LGU capacity to monitor and evaluate the outputs related to 3.00 (4.00) enhancement of Resource Management for CCA/ DRR

Mean 3.00 (4.00) 3.00 (4.00) 3.00 (4.00) 3.00 (4.00)

Table 12. Proposed capacity development action plan for CCA for PLGU Cavite

MISSION

SOCIAL SERVICES

The "6-17 CHALLENGE,” to put-up vital and necessary social infrastructures to help meet and satisfy the needs and requirements of the prospective 6 million Cavitenos by 2017

 The Province is the most densely populated area in the country, with a total population of 3.09 million as of 2010;

 Sufficiency levels for food crops, fish and meat reveal the level of food security in the whole province. It is observed that except for root crops, Cavite’s supply of agricultural product including meat and poultry product cannot meet the food requirement of the populace;

 As per JICA Study, the Province experiences an estimated annual reduction of about 1 meter of ground water table;

 Low total expenditure per capita based on LGPMS 2012 findings (First Class Provinces/Income Class)

Action Plan:

1. Conduct of provincial level vulnerability and risk assessments for agriculture and fisheries; 2. Develop the research and development agenda of the sector on climate change, which will be the basis for short and long term studies on appropriate climate-smart crop, livestock and aquaculture technologies, production systems, climate resilient crop varieties, livestock management, and best practices; 3. Conduct of specific studies on climate-resilient crop varieties and livestock production systems;

4. Integrate gender-responsive CC adaptation and mitigation in agriculture and fisheries plans, programs, and budgets; 5. Complete of the delineation of municipal waters and formulation of the Coastal Use Zong Plan; 6. Regulate commodity shifting and agricultural land conversion; 7. Conduct training on adaptation and disaster risk reduction for farming and fishing communities; 8. Finally to build the resilience of men and women in agriculture and fishing communities, study, design and develop appropriate climate risk transfer and social protection mechanisms. 9. Development of new water supply sources based on a viable provincial land use plan, to include as well importation of water from nearby provinces, to meet increasing demand that are sustainable, stable, reasonable and which will provide equitable and affordable water supply for all end users; 10. Enable the participation of concerned service providers in plan development, programming and operations, among others, in order to improve coverage, efficiency and sustainability of related infrastructure; 11. Enactment of legislation/ordinance to introduce financing innovation for the implementation of sewerage and septage system projects, that will link these services to revenue-generating water service provision in order to facilitate investment cost recovery; 12. Establishment of an effective and clear monitoring system to assess and address the sustainability of developed related infrastructure; 13. Imposition of an environmental user’s fee, particularly on those without water rights, and which shall be based on the cost of replenishment and rehabilitation of the affected water bodies; 14. Introduction and/or enactment of appropriate legal instrument to address institutional and regulatory issues relating to the integrated management and development of the province’s water resources; 15. Stimulation of growth in rural areas to curb rural-urban migration that has led to increasing pressures in ecosystems and water bodies as well as unsustainable land use practices in urban areas; 16. Promotion of environmental education, particularly in water resource management, to enable people to appreciate and understand the complexity of environment and their roles and responsibilities in sustainable water resource management; 17. Resource regulation shall be strengthened to ensure that surface and ground water supply sources are sustainably developed, managed and utilized.

ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

“Cavite Open for Business,” Increase the Province‟s Carrying Capacity to accelerate its economic growth and development, through the formulation and implementation of a fundamentally sound fiscal, economic and environmental policies.

 The Province is the acknowledged Cooperative Center of the Country and with the launching of the Go-Biz program of the Provincial Government, soon to be the Entrepreneurs Capital of the Philippines;

 The province has a total of 798 industrial establishments in 2009 distributed within the seven districts of the Province;

 A major number of these industrial establishments engage into electronics and electrical equipment, services, fabricated metal products, chemical and chemical

products and textile or garments. These collectively account for 71.18% of all industrial locators in Cavite;

 The highest numbers of investors in these industrial establishments are Filipinos accounting for 27.07% while the remaining 72.93% are the so-called foreign direct investments (Japanese, Korean, Taiwanese, Chinese, America Malaysian, others;

 Cavite has a total of 46 economic zones/industrial estates, 27 are operating, 7 are proclaimed and 12 are still in the process of development.

 The Municipality of Rosario, which hosts the Cavite Export Processing Zone (CEPZ), one of the industrial estates in the Province and the third largest EPZ in the country, that houses the largest number of industrial establishments at 259 (as of 2009) with a total employment of 61,965 individuals, is the most at risk area in terms of flooding through the DRA/VA results undertaken by the Province.

Action Plan:

1. Review and harmonize policies (on trade, investment, environment, tourism, agriculture, etc.) to provide a stable and unified policy environment for the development and expansion of climate-smart industries and services; 2. Conduct gendered vulnerability and risk assessments of vital local infrastructures and develop short and medium term plan to rehabilitate and retrofit those found to be vulnerable, or to build new ones when retrofitting will be found relatively more expensive; 3. Review city and municipal land use and comprehensive development plans and delineate management zones (i.e., strict protection to mixed development zones) based on the risk and vulnerability assessment result. 4. Enforce RA 9003 in every barangay and local government unit; 5. CC mitigation and adaptation strategies for key ecosystems developed and implemented; 6. Management and conservation of protected areas and key biodiversity areas improved; 7. Environmental laws strictly implemented; 8. Capacity for integrated ecosystem-based management approach in protected areas and key biodiversity areas enhanced; 9. Natural resource accounting institutionalized;

GENERAL PUBLIC SERVICES

"Good Governance is Good Politics" - A Strong and productive provincial government that ensures effective and efficient public service, resource generation, utilization and mobilization through a workable Socio-Economic Development Plan

 The Provincial Government of Cavite was conferred an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) certificate, making it the first ISO-certified Provincial Government among the 80 provinces in the country;

 Recognized by the CALABARZON Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council as the First Provincial Government to mainstream Disaster

Risk Reduction and Management in its Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan;

 As per based on the 5% DRRM Fund, the budget allocated for Integrated Coastal Management, Flood Mitigation & River Rehabilitation Program, Forest Rehabilitation, IEC and Advocacy Program (Pre-Disaster Activities) only totals to 9.6% of the total DRRM Budget. There are more programs/projects allotted for disaster risk reduction and management than on climate change

Action Plan:

1. Support participation in learning events (seminars, forums, study tours , etc.) to raise appreciation of CCA, including the need to allocate internal budgets for coordination, networking and other necessary activities in the local levels;

2. Form core groups in every municipality (and barangays) , organize regular forums/briefings with CCA experts providing CCA data and information, and regular meetings with these core groups to discuss updates on CCA/DRR;

3. Allocate internal funds to support meetings for exchange of relevant information, discuss innovative ways/ideas regarding needs and best practices that could be replicated/documented;

4. Form a TWG to design a M&E tool/system and develop indicators for effective and efficient monitoring and evaluation of local CCA planning and implementation (through workshops/FGDs/consultations);

5. Institutionalize the monitoring and evaluation in all levels, including that of how CCA data and information is feeding into local policies and programs;

6. Identify Focal Persons/local champions in all levels down to barangay levels, organize regular meetings for coordination, support short trainings on various CCA issues, establish partnerships/networking with public/private sector to strengthen CCA implementation:

7. Establish a local depositary for CCA data and information in all municipal levels;

8. Revisit current DRR data and information with a CCA lens:

9. Establish public-private partnerships to empower and engage the private sector to initiate/participate in implementing CCA through local resolutions and the provision of incentives;

10. Establish networks with funding agencies (e.g., GIZ, NGOs, etc.) to secure access to funds for local CCA projects;

11. Strengthen coordination with the different national/regional agencies for technical support, such as data /information /mapping needs, skills training, provision of technical assistance, etc;

12. Facilitate local legislative policies (resolutions) for providing incentives to local private industries to encourage their participation in CCA initiatives;

13. Exposure of local LGU officials to CCA issues, support training/mentoring by experts on strategic planning and resource mobilization and/or procurement;

14. Build awareness among all local LGU officials on CCA/DRR through regular forums/seminars/workshops to discuss various issues, use of brief and precise information modules on the different CCA issues, data and information;

15. Organize mentoring sessions by experts for the different skill development needs of local LGUs , such as on how to develop a CCA database, including data gathering, preparation of technical proposals, including preparation of technical reports, how to use the V&A tools to assess local vulnerabilities, how to properly document best practices for replication, how to access CCA data and information through online (UNFCCC websites), networking with regional research centers, and other national/regional government agencies, international organizations such as the UNISDR, ADPC, others ;

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION / CLIMATE CHANGE INTEGRATION

Statement of the Planning Risk Evaluation Problem / Issues and Implication: Policies/Strategies Environment Concern Population & Out of 298 barangays, with a Inadequate flow capacity Policies: Settlements total population of 738,310 of various rivers and The PGC through its newly considered highly susceptible to tributaries in the created department, The Cavite flooding and storm surge, 231 of province. Office of Public Safety – which with 317,569 population Intensive land conversion DRR/CCA Division should located along the coastlines of and development for prioritize the following areas: Manila Bay, Canacao Bay and industrial and residential Rosario, Kawit, Noveleta, Cavite Bacoor Bay are considered living uses. City, Bacoor , Imus, Gen. Trias, in the disaster prone area. While Low elevated ground Tagaytay City, the Municipalities the rest are inland Barangays level below the tidal of Magallanes, Maragondon, located at lowland portion of level. Alfonso, and Silang when it Gen. Trias and Imus. Inadequate capacities of comes to drafting contingency . the existing drainage plan and disaster plan; provision Residents along the ridge and facilities. of assistance, capacity mountain steep of Tagaytay City, Clogging of the drainage development, investment the Municipalities of Magallanes, channels due to solid programming and instant actions Maragondon, Alfonso, Silang and wastes. or operation plan in cases of Ternate are living in a Illegal encroachment of prolonged rainfall brought by danger/hazard prone areas the structures in the unrelenting typhoons; having a high susceptibility for drainage channels. Require Real Estate Developers Rain Induced Landslide. The Reclamation of the to implement best management total population of the affected existing natural retarding practices in soil conservation and municipalities is 382,372 or basins and drainage water retention. 13.38% of the Provincial channels. Strengthening the Local Disaster Population. Informal settlers living in Risk Reduction Management “houses on stilts” Council. In-Migration of informal Establishment of the Centralized settlers at the coastal Emergency Response System to barangays provide access to Climate Change Scarcity of dwelling Information or Early Warning Units. System. Development planning, policies and Investment programs be harmonized with disaster risk preparedness and management. Forging or Institutionalization of Administrative and Enforcement Agreement, policies as well as shared responsibilities among

Statement of the Planning Risk Evaluation Problem / Issues and Implication: Policies/Strategies Environment Concern watershed LGUs‟ (the identified areas) so as to strengthen its capacity to mitigate the effects of hazards occurring in the future. Enactment of Ordinance establishing Barangay Migration Council and Information Center to closely monitor migration activities in their localities. Intensification of mass housing project in partnership with LGU‟s, NGA‟s private developers ,and financing institution.

Strategies: Implementation of storm surge mitigation intervention and access to typhoon forecasting information and EWS. Conduct of Capacity and Resiliency Need Assessment and Capacity Building Training Relocation of informal settlers along major river banks Demolition of illegal structures along the shore lies of Manila Bay, Canacao Bay and Bacor Bay; Physical Three main types of Severe erosion Enactment of Comprehensive Resources Hydrometeorologic Hazards characterized by soil Flood and Drainage System were considered: Flood, Storm erosion, coastal erosion Enactment of Local Ordinance for surge and Rain induced or riverbank erosion the Integrated Water Quality landslide. which needs to be Management Plan. protected and Enactment of Local Ordinance for Municipalities along the coastal rehabilitated. Integrated Coastal Management area of Manila Bay (Naic, Tanza, Siltation and Plan or Sea Use Plan. Rosario, Noveleta, Cavite City, sedimentation of Implementation of the JICA study Kawit and Bacoor) are subject to waterways, river banks; on the Comprehensive Flood coastal erosion due to Flood and Ground water depletion Mitigation for Cavite Lowland storm surge. in most lowland areas of Areas “Kawit, Imus, Bacoor, the province Noveleta” in 2007 For Rain induced Landslide, Soil Salt water Intrusion in the Retarding basin in all subdivisions erosion most likely to occur in the aquifers in the coastal Dredging of Imus and Ilang-ilang municipalities of Ternate, areas River and rip rapping along the Maragondon and Magallanes Slope alteration along riverbanks; due to its slope. upland areas. Construction of Break water along Encroachment & the shore line of Mania Bay; A total of 22 barangays from six occupancy within NIPAS (6) municipalities, Alfonso, and non-NIPAS areas; Magallanes, Maragondon, Incidence of Pollution Silang, Ternate and Tagaytay (Air and water) are considered highly generated by Industries susceptible, 38 moderately and households susceptible and 261 are low susceptible barangays in the Province or around 71.45% of the total land area of the Province. are susceptible to varying degrees of rain induced landslides Economy About 6,974.05 Has. of Declining volume of fish Strict Implementation of Agricultural land are affected by catch; Agriculture and Fisheries flood, 2,399.652 is classified as In adequate supply of Modernization Act (AFMA); highly susceptible and 4,574.53. crops and meat products; Introduction and adoption of new low susceptible. Increasing farming technology to intensify

Statement of the Planning Risk Evaluation Problem / Issues and Implication: Policies/Strategies Environment Concern The Municipality of Rosario, unemployment; crop and livestock production; Noveleta, Kawit, and even Cavite Displacement of Establishment of Cavite Central City (Fishing) were identified as Industrial workers; Trading Post, (Pasalubong Center the most-at risk in terms of Peace and Order and Trading Center) agriculture to flood. situation Strengthen the Task Force on BantayKalikasan. Industrial Establishment Establishment Mari-Culture Park at Bacoor and Canaca Bay The Municipality of Rosario Establishment of Fish Sanctuary houses the most number of Closure of industrial Mangrove Development Program; Industrial establishments establishments Strict compliance, enforcement accounting to (259) 71.18.% of and implementation of Zoning all industrial locators in Cavite. Ordinance; Establishment of new eco-zones 61,965 employed industrial in no hazard prone areas workers at CEPZ will be affected Trade and Investment Promotion and a total of 1,625 registered Strengthening linkages with Local MSME‟s business establishment Cooperative Development with a total of 3,719 employees Council; will also be affected. Conduct Capacity Need Assessment for MSME; Promotions of Business Entrepreneurial And Livelihood Development Program; Provisions of micro-financing and Promotions of products of cooperatives and MSME; Strengthening Local Peace and Order Council and Formulation of Integrated Areas/Community Public Safety Plan; Establishment of public safety monitoring and response management system using the latest technology and best practices in video surveillance (CCTV), geographic positioning system, environmental monitoring, in all strategic locations and main thoroughfares of the province; Strengthening the Cavite Tripartite Industrial Peace Council. Transportation, Total road length of 284.88kms, Road network system Construction of additional External Access & are affected by flooding of which and Internal Linkages Circulation 99.01 are classified as highly Lack of transport Road Widening and Improvement. susceptible and 62.89 as low facilities/traffic control Opening of new arterial roads. susceptible. These are located in systems/ traffic Coastal Road Extension from the City of Cavite, Municipalities management support Kawit to Cavite City. of Noveleta, Kawit, Rosario, equipment Tanza, Naic, Bacoor, Gen. Trias, Carmona, Maragondon, Imus and Ternate.

The total road length of Rosario, Kawit and Noveleta are 100% affected.

Three (3) areas are pinpointed as susceptible and these are Noveleta, Kawit and Cavite City. Noveleta - 28% of its road length affected; Kawit - 14.27% of their road length affected, and

Statement of the Planning Risk Evaluation Problem / Issues and Implication: Policies/Strategies Environment Concern Cavite City with 10.37% of its lifeline affected.

Income, In terms of affected sectors of Provision of basic needs/ Employment, the society: Schools are used as commodities during calamities Service around 3,547 (as of 2009-2010 evacuation centers Rehabilitation of affected schools Access, enrolment) of children below 6 Increasing Conduct skills training Poverty years old are affected by the unemployment Link-up with financing institutions disruption of classes during Displacement of for start-up capital typhoons and floodings, about Industrial workers Control installation of deep wells 24.8% of the total school children Salt water intrusion in Improve environmental conditions in the whole Province coastal municipalities along with the regulated ground Rapid depletion of water extraction The Municipality of Rosario ground water houses the most number of Industrial establishments accounting to (259) 71.18.% of all industrial locators in Cavite.

Land Use and Diminishing areas for Designate SAFDZs as key Physical agriculture due to land production areas for food security; Framework use conversion; Minimize population pressure on Areas for mining/ environmentally critical areas; quarrying are not Protect SAFDZ areas from properly delineated; conversion to other uses; Lack of Material Protection and Preservation of Recovery and Sanitary Coastal Environment and Habitat waste disposal facilities Restrict human encroachment into protection land; Establishment of Sanitary landfill Restriction of establishment of new Industrial Estates and Economic Zones in low land Cavite. Concentration of Industrialization shall be in District IV (Tanza, Gen. TriasTreceMartires City) and portion of Naic where significant turn-about in economic activities is expected to occur; Histo-cultural sites and establishments shall be maintained, improved and restored to provide impetus to eco-tourism development and preserve the historical and cultural values of Cavite,

LGU Mandates under the Climate Change Act (RA 9729)

Briefly describe the actions taken or Compliance Mandates for Provincial LGUs being undertaken with regards to the Rating mandate Provide technical assistance, enforcement and information Yes, have undertaken seminar- 5 management in support of municipal and city climate change workshops related thereto, the latest of action plans. which was the simultaneous drafting of the disaster risk reduction and management plan for individual LGUs and their respective contingency plan Conduct Inter-local government unit collaboration in the Yes, coastal clean-ups and its regular 5 conduct of climate- related activities. arbor day in pursuit of the Billion Trees Program of the Department of the Interior and Local Government Allocate from their annual appropriations adequate funds for Yes, a total of 127,700,000.00 have been 5 the formulation, development and implementation, including allotted by the Provincial Government for training, capacity building and direct intervention, of their pre-disaster, response and response respective climate change programs and plans. expenditures for 2013 Conduct public awareness campaigns on the effects of climate Yes, these are incorporated in the 5 change and energy-saving solutions to mitigate these effects, preparation of the DRRM Fund and initiatives, through educational and training programs and micro-credit schemes, especially for women in rural areas. Rating: 5 – Fully met; 4 – Moderately met; 3 – Fairly met; 2 – Poorly met; and 1 – Not yet met

LGU Mandates under the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121)

Briefly describe the actions taken or Compliance Mandates for Provincial LGUs being undertaken with regards to the Rating mandate Established an LDRRMO which shall be responsible for setting The Provincial Government have 5 the direction, development, implementation and coordination of institutionalized this by creating a disaster risk management programs Department to properly addressed these concern, the Cavite Office of Public Safety (COPS), one of its division is solely responsible in DRRM Organize, train and directly supervise the local emergency Yes, through the LDRRMO Association of 5 response teams the Province Design, program, and coordinate disaster risk reduction and Yes, seminars and other related activities 5 management activities consistent with the National Council's have been coursed or advised with the standards and guidelines OCD Region IV-A Facilitate and support risk assessments and contingency Yes, in fact just last May 2013, a 5 planning activities at the local level contingency planning seminar was held together with the coastal municipalities, cities and other stakeholders Consolidate local disaster risk information which includes Yes, these have been incorporated in their 5 natural hazards, vulnerabilities, and climate change risks, and respective CLUPs, which the Province maintain a local risk map have collected for their use and review Organize and conduct training, orientation, and knowledge Yes, the Province‟s Office of Public Safety 5 management activities on disaster risk reduction and has consistently and continuously management at the local level facilitates trainings and seminars on DRR/CCA at the barangay and municipal level Operate a multl-hazard early warning system, linked to Yes, these are listed under the 4 disaster risk reduction to provide accurate and timely advice to Contingency Plan of the Province national or local emergency response organizations and to the general public, through diverse mass media, particularly radio, landline communications, and technologies for communication within rural communities Formulate and implement a comprehensive and -integrated Yes, there is an existing Plan but it needs 4 LDRRMP in accordance with the national, regional and refinement together with the respective provincial framework, and policies on disaster risk reduction in disaster plans of its cities and close coordination with the local development councils (LDCs) municipalities, needs harmonization

Briefly describe the actions taken or Compliance Mandates for Provincial LGUs being undertaken with regards to the Rating mandate Prepare and submit to the local Sanggunian through the Yes, this has been religiously complied 5 LDRRMC and the LDC the annual LDRRMO Plan and budget, with the proposed programming of the LDRRMF, other dedicated disaster risk reduction and management resources, and other regular funding source/s and budgetary support of the LDRRMO /BDRRMC Conduct continuous disaster monitoring and mobilize Yes, coordination procedures have 4 instrumentalities and entities of the LGUs, CSOs, private already been in place groups and organized volunteers, to utilize their facilities and resources for the protection and preservation of life and properties during emergencies in accordance with existing policies and procedures Identify, assess and manage the hazards. vulnerabilities and Not specific, but efforts have been 3 risks that may occur in their locality undertaken Disseminate information and raise public awareness about This has been discussed with the different 3 those hazards. vulnerabilities and risks, their nature, effects, municipalities and city officials, but on the early warning signs and counter-measures level of its citizenry there is a need to validate these Identify and implement cost-effective risk reduction measures/strategies; Maintain a database of human resource, equipment, Yes, the Province has a complete 5 directories, and location of critical infrastructures and their inventory of its personnel, facilities, capacities such as hospitals and evacuation centers equipment and supplies Develop, strengthen and operationalize mechanisms for partnership or networking with the private sector, CSOs, and volunteer groups Take all necessary steps on a continuing basis to maintain, This has been complied with the 5 provide, or arrange the provision of, or to otherwise make establishment or creation of the Cavite available, suitably-trained and competent personnel for Office of Public Safety, DRR Division, who effective civil defense and disaster risk reduction and is a separate entity and its personnel are management in its area CSC compliant Organize, train, equip and supervise the local emergency The Province‟s Social Welfare Office have 3 response teams and the ACDVs ensuring that humanitarian undertaken efforts along this line aid workers are equipped with basic skills to assist mothers to breastfeed Prepare and submit, through the LDRRMC and the LDC, the Yes, this is part of its Full Disclosure 5 report on the utilization of the LDRRMF and other dedicated Policy and its is posted on conspicuous disaster risk reduction and management resources to the local areas within the Provincial capitol and Commission on Audit (COA), copy furnished the regional uploaded in its website director of the OCD and the Local Government Operations Officer of the DILG Respond to and manage the adverse effects of emergencies Yes, there are identified and established 3 and carry out recovery activities in the affected area, ensuring evacuation centers or displacement sites that there is an efficient mechanism for immediate delivery of during calamities within the Province food, shelter and medical supplies for women and children, endeavour to create a special place where internally-displaced mothers can find help with breastfeeding, feed and care for their babies and give support to each other Within its area, promote and raise public awareness of and Yes, IEC programs have been funded and 4 compliance with the DRRM Act and legislative provisions advocated since the law‟s inception relevant to the purpose of this Act Serve as the secretariat and executive arm of the LDRRMC Yes, it does 5 Coordinate other disaster risk reduction and management Yes through the LDRRMO Association of 4 activities the Province Establish linkage/network with other LGUs for disaster risk Yes, it has at this point but needs to 3 reduction and emergency response purposes smoothen other kinks within the system Recommend through the LDRRMC the enactment of local Yes, it encourages or advocates 3 ordinances consistent with the requirements of this Act DRR/CCA mitigation and adaptation measures Implement policies, approved plans and programs of the Yes, this has been submitted for 3 LDRRMC consistent with the policies and guidelines laid down consideration and approval with the in this Act Provincial Development Council and the Sangguniang Panlalawigan

Mandates for Provincial LGUs Briefly describe the actions taken or Complianc being undertaken with regards to the e mandate Rating Establish a Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Yes, a command center for this is under 3 Management Operations Center construction Prepare and submit, through the LDRRMC and the LDC, the Yes, this is religiously complied with 5 report on the utilization of the LDRRMF and other dedicated disaster risk reduction and management resources to the local Commission on Audit (COA), copy furnished the regional director of the OCD and the Local Government Operations Officer of the DILG Encourage community, specifically the youth, participation in There are socio-civic groups that assists 2 disaster risk reduction and management activities, such as during these calamities but it needs organizing quick response groups, particularly in identified validation if the youth officials have made disaster-prone areas, as well as the inclusion of disaster risk an effort to include these programs in their reduction and management programs as part of the SK respective budgets programs and projects Monitor and evaluate the use and disbursement of the Yes, a monitoring body is in place to 5 LDRRMF based on the LDRRMP as incorporated in the local ensure its implementation and the development plans and annual work and financial plan Province utilizes the RPMES formulated by NEDA. Rating: 5 – Fully met; 4 – Moderately met; 3 – Fairly met; 2 – Poorly met; and 1 – Not yet met

CLIMATE HAZARDS AND ACTION PLAN ACROSS SECTORS

Climate Drivers of Urban Exposure Consequences Sectors Response Hazards and Vulnerability if Unaddressed Involved

Flooding Rapid Urban growth Exacerbated Land Use, Developing and caused by leading to informal flooding and Housing, Solid enforcing a sound land more settlements on marginal landslides Waste, Health use plan that is based frequent land with no roads or Emergency on an understanding of and drainage systems or Contaminated Management climate change intensive drains that are clogged water and vulnerabilities and coastal with debris and silt spread of effectively encourages storm disease in dense, mixed use surge stagnant development in resilient combine waters areas with sea level rise Improved solid waste handling practices (e.g. River proximity to drinking flooding water supply, corrosive due to resistant containers) to more prevent leakage and intense contamination rainfall Short-term Related clearance/disposal of landslides solid waste from drains to prevent clogging

Public health engagement and risk prevention around likely flood-related diseases Non-existent or Blockage of Transportation. Investment in roads substandard emergency Emergency and other transportation transportation routes due to management, choices for informal infrastructure road flooding private sector settlers

resulting in delayed Green Infrastructure emergency evacuations Relocation of garage for buses and other Losses in public mode of commercial transport out of flood activity prone areas can reduce the risk of damage to or loss of this equipment Storm water infrastructure Increased Sanitation, Short-term unable to deal with current runoff solid waste clearance/disposal of or future run-off compared to solid waste from drains compounded by vegetated land to prevent clogging deforestation/degradation of natural storm water Investment in “green filtering functions infrastructure” to improve natural storm water function

Long-term provision of solid waste services Already high population Loss of Private Sector Relocation of facilities densities and property and out of flood-prone areas concentrated commercial infrastructure activities located in coastal potentially Sea walls or other areas or in river deltas before the end structural investments of their useful to protect against life coastal flooding Tropical Lower structural quality of Loss of Housing, Retrofit of old-buildings Cyclones homes in informal property and Emergency and improved designs settlements life Management of new buildings (if residents remain in vulnerable location)

Stricter risk disclosure requirements for housing developers

Public Awareness/emergency preparedness initiatives to educate residents on flooding risks

Table 13. TOTAL AGRICULTURAL AREA BY CITY/MUNICIPALITY PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010

Total Land Total Total Non- Total % City/Municipality Area Agricultural Area Agricultura Number of Agricultural (Hectares) (Hectares) l Area (Ha) Farmers Land 1st District 3,631.00 391.70 3,239.30 439 10.79 Cavite City 1,183.00 1,183.00 Kawit 1,340.00 311.00 1,029.00 133 23.21 Noveleta 541.00 53.70 487.30 267 9.93 Rosario 567.00 27.00 540.00 39 4.76 2nd District 5,240.00 310.00 4,930.00 234 5.92 Bacoor 5,240.00 310.00 4,930.00 234 5.92 3rd District 9,701.00 1,226.00 8,475.00 657 12.64 Imus 9,701.00 1,226.00 8,475.00 657 12.64 4th District 8,234.00 2,445.56 5,788.44 3,295 29.70 City of Dasmariñas 8,234.00 2,445.56 5,788.44 3,295 29.70 5th District 19,671.00 11,570.20 8,100.80 9,485 58.82 Carmona 3,092 1,923.65 1,168.35 250 62.21 Gen. M. Alvarez 938 214.72 723.28 515 22.89 Silang 15,641 9,431.83 6,209.17 8,720 60.30 6th District 30,105.00 11,974.71 18,130.29 9,510 39.78 TreceMartires City 3,917.00 420.00 3,497.00 2,165 10.72 Amadeo 4,790.00 4,500.00 290.00 4,226 93.95 Gen. Trias 11,768.00 5,158.00 6,610.00 1,382 43.83 Tanza 9,630.00 1,896.71 7,733.29 1,737 19.70 7th District 66,124.00 43,556.74 22,567.26 27,780 65.87 Tagaytay City 6,615.00 1,272.00 5,343.00 2,446 19.23 Alfonso 6,460.00 5,800.50 659.50 3,446 89.79 Gen. Aguinaldo 5,103.00 3,710.06 1,392.94 1,780 72.70 Indang 8,920.00 7,755.00 1,165.00 4,395 86.94 Magallanes 7,860.00 5,571.00 2,289.00 3,208 70.88 Maragondon 16,549.00 10,265.93 6,283.07 4,399 62.03 Mendez 1,667.00 1,400.00 267.00 1,600 83.98 Naic 8,600.00 7,290.00 1,310.00 6,370 84.77 Ternate 4,350.00 492.25 3,857.75 136 11.32 GRAND TOTAL 142,706.00 71,474.91 71,231.09 51,400 50.09 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 14. MAJOR CROPS PLANTED, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010 Area Area Production Average Planted Major Crops Harvested (in metric tons/ Production (in (in hectares) nuts) (in metric tons) hectares) Rice: Irrigated 14,541.57 13,446.13 61,389.96 4.57 Rainfed 273.07 273.07 969.77 3.55 Upland 532.82 527.82 1,224.53 2.32 Sub-total 15,347.46 14,247.02 63,584.26 4.46 Coffee 9,415.96 9,187.39 8,317.77 0.91 Corn: Yellow Corn 320.25 291.08 996.60 446 Green Corn 945.46 871.41 3,247.94 1,630 Sub-total 1,265.71 1,162.49 4,244.54 2,076 Rootcrops 842.15 798.67 11,204.44 14.03 Vegetables: Leafy 235.24 233.66 1,619.47 6.93 Fruit 1,301.05 1,145.91 15,878.14 13.86 Legumes 338.51 337.75 1,483.16 4.39 Root Vegetables 223.94 212.75 3,108.79 14.61 Bulb 50.00 50.00 1,092.43 21.85 Sub-total 2,148.74 1,980.07 23,181.99 11.71 Mango 1,468.02 1,202.22 17,951.31 14.93 Banana 2,487.26 2,383.19 21,320.15 8.95 Other Fruit Trees 2,212.72 1,998.30 18,204.31 9.11 Other Fruits: Muskmelon 15.50 15.50 294.20 18.98 Watermelon 85.06 36.41 665.00 18.26 Sub-total 100.56 51.91 959.20 18.48 Black Pepper 369.48 366.45 362.83 0.99 Dragon Fruit 17.50 17.50 175.00 10.00 Papaya 284.94 258.31 3,699.70 14.32 Peanut 69.60 69.60 324.91 4.67 Pineapple 1,404.28 1,214.10 30,046.98 24.75 Sugarcane 2,141.00 1,422.00 83,070.00 58.42 Coconut (nuts) 12,230.43 10,230.93 84,363,030 Sub-total 16,517.23 13,578.89 117,679.42 TOTAL 51,805.81 46,590.15 286,647.39 84,363,030 nuts

Cutflowers: (in dozens) Anthurium 7.46 7.31 36,084.25 4,936.29 Orchids 7.17 6.98 51,217.44 7,337.74 Sub-total 14.63 14.29 87,301.69 6,109.29 Ornamentals 5.87 5.87 67,054.90 11,423.32 Sampaguita (in mt) 7.00 7.00 105.00 15.00 Total Cutflowers 27.50 27.16

GRAND TOTAL 51,833.31 46,617.31 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 15. AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT/POST HARVEST FACILITIES BY CITY/MUNICIPALITY PROVINCE OF CAVITE:2010

Coffee Mill/ Warehouse/ Rice Mill Coffee Thresher Tractor Others Dryer City/ Depulper Municipality No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity 1st District

Noveleta 1 2000 7

2nd District

2 water Bacoor 1 6 150/day 1 250 cav 26 46 ha/day pump 3rd District

Warehouse 500 100-200 1-2 Shredder Imus 10 33 500-1000 24 cav cav/day 1 ha/day 1 (5MT.hr) cav Dryer Composter 4 500-1000 2 (1.5MT.

cav heading) 4th District

10-30 City of irrigation 3 cav/da 18 3 36 4 pump Dasmarinas y 5th Fifth District

500 600 Carmona 1 cav/da 6 20 6.8 hp 27 kg/hr y Gen. Mariano 3 200 bags 3 Alvarez Silang 1 13 25 84,500 kg 6 48

6th District

Trece Martires 2Hp/26 1 1 Hp 2 City hp Amadeo 13 2

80cav.da dryer/ Gen. Trias 7 10cav/day 1 2cav/hr 90 4 2000cav 1 1ha/day 4 y sprayer 5000 Tanza 1 dukok 37 10 221 11 STW bags/day 5-35 200 13 2 13 MPDP bg/hr bags/day 7th District

200can Tagaytay City 6 3 5000 bags s/day 10hp/20 Alfonso 1 1 3 hp Gen. 4 1 2 Aguinaldo Indang 2

5 2 1-3 Magallanes 11 11 4 3 1t/day kg/min kg/min ha/day 10cav. Maragondon 10 30 7-8hp 2 100 cavans 10 hr Mendez 6 170cav/hr

50cav/ 30cav/h Dryer Naic 21 30 3 100 day r 12 cav/hr TOTAL 86 52 250 65 462 84

Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 16. AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT/POST HARVEST FACILITIES BY CITY/MUNICIPALITY PROVINCE OF CAVITE:2010

Coffee Mill/ Warehouse/ Rice Mill Coffee Thresher Tractor Others Dryer City/ Depulper Municipality No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity No. Capacity 1st District

Noveleta 1 2000 7

2nd District

2 water Bacoor 1 6 150/day 1 250 cav 26 46 ha/day pump 3rd District

Warehouse 500 100-200 1-2 Shredder Imus 10 33 500-1000 24 cav cav/day 1 ha/day 1 (5MT.hr) cav Dryer Composter 4 500-1000 2 (1.5MT.

cav heading) 4th District

10-30 City of irrigation 3 cav/da 18 3 36 4 pump Dasmarinas y 5th Fifth District

500 600 Carmona 1 cav/da 6 20 6.8 hp 27 kg/hr y Gen. Mariano 3 200 bags 3 Alvarez Silang 1 13 25 84,500 kg 6 48

6th District

Trece Martires 2Hp/26 1 1 Hp 2 City hp Amadeo 13 2

80cav.da dryer/ Gen. Trias 7 10cav/day 1 2cav/hr 90 4 2000cav 1 1ha/day 4 y sprayer 5000 Tanza 1 dukok 37 10 221 11 STW bags/day 5-35 200 13 2 13 MPDP bg/hr bags/day 7th District

200can Tagaytay City 6 3 5000 bags s/day 10hp/20 Alfonso 1 1 3 hp Gen. 4 1 2 Aguinaldo Indang 2

5 2 1-3 Magallanes 11 11 4 3 1t/day kg/min kg/min ha/day 10cav. Maragondon 10 30 7-8hp 2 100 cavans 10 hr Mendez 6 170cav/hr

50cav/ 30cav/h Dryer Naic 21 30 3 100 day r 12 cav/hr TOTAL 86 52 250 65 462 84

Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 17. CITY/MUNICIPALITIES SERVED BY CAVITE FRIAR LANDS IRRIGATION SYSTEM (CFLIS), PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010

City/Municipality Firmed-Up Service Area (in hectares) 1st District Kawit 128.50 Noveleta 38.60 Rosario 29.80 2nd District Bacoor 83.8471 3rd District Imus 1,133.1894 4th District City of Dasmarinas 468.4436 6th District Gen. Trias 2,378.3316 Tanza 1,747.7540 7th District Maragondon 574.9552 Naic 1,994.8142 Ternate 39.8500 TOTAL 8,618.0851 Source: National Irrigation Administration, Naic, Cavite

Table 18. MUNICIPALITIES SERVED BY CAVITE PROVINCIAL IRRIGATION OFFICE/COMMUNAL IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010 Municipality Firmed-Up Service Area (in hectares)

5th District Carmona 232.00 Gen. Mariano Alvarez 50.00

7th District Maragondon 100.00 Ternate 48.625 TOTAL 430.625 Source: National Irrigation Administration, Naic, Cavite

Table 19. NUMBER OF IRRIGATION FACILITIES, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010 Irrigation Facility Number

Diversion Dams 18 Minor Dams: Naic 11 Tanza 12 Gen. Trias 20 Imus 26 Reservoirs 2 Conveyance Canal NIA Road Source: National Irrigation Administration, Naic, Cavite

Table 20. BACKYARD LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY POPULATION, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010 Animals Number of Heads Number of Farmers A. Livestock Cattle 21,424 8,847 Carabao 3,265 1,681 Swine 56,311 12,114 Horse 2,358 1,984 Goat 13,979 3,077 Sheep 370 35 Total Livestock 97,707 27,738 B. Poultry Chicken 150,358 23,202 Duck 22,624 2,496 Goose 1,579 412 Quail 3,121 46 Total Poultry 177,682 26,156 Source: Office of the Provincial Veterinarian, Trece Martires City

Table 21. SUPPORT FACILITIES BY CITY/MUNICIPALITY, PROVINCE OF CAVITE:2010 Type of Facilities Feed Slaught Meat City/Municipality Feed Dealers/ Veterinary Dressing Meat Pet er Processing Mills Veterinary Clinic Plant Shop Shop House Plant Drugstores 1st District 25 3 9 4 172 7 Cavite City 14 2 2 1 68 3 Kawit 5 1 5 2 42 2 Noveleta 2 2 1 22 Rosario 4 40 2 2nd District 20 13 13 5 74 8 Bacoor 20 13 13 5 74 8 3rd District 16 3 22 2 1 Imus 16 3 22 2 1 4thDistrict 20 6 14 21 3 6 6 City of Dasmariñas 20 6 14 21 3 6 6 5th District 3 43 4 18 1 76 8 Carmona 9 1 5 19 2 Gen. M. Alvarez 8 2 1 26 2 Silang 3 26 1 12 1 31 4 6thDistrict 2 40 3 3 13 2 66 8 Trece Martires City 2 4 1 26 3 Amadeo 10 1 16 Gen.Trias 8 2 11 1 3 Tanza 18 3 1 1 24 2 7thDistrict 3 73 1 7 35 1 105 5 Tagaytay City 4 1 3 Alfonso 1 14 1 9 31 1 Gen.Aguinaldo 15 6 Indang 2 6 1 1 1 27 Magallanes 12 5 5 1 Maragondon 4 2 3 9 Mendez 8 6 2 Naic 8 1 30 1 Ternate 2 1 3 3 Total 8 237 29 72 98 8 499 42 Source: Office of the Provincial Veterinarian, Trece Martires City

Table 22. COASTAL DEMOGRAPHY, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010

Number of Coastal Number of City/Municipality Coastal Population Barangays Fishermen 1st District Cavite City 35 48,938 2,696 Kawit 8 32,322 1,047 Noveleta 2 4,000 240 Rosario 10 63,460 3,606 2nd District Bacoor 10 53,146 1,756 6th District Tanza 13 70,711 1,750 7th District Maragondon 1 2,535 400 Naic 11 41,027 3,050 Ternate 8 14,968 334 Total 98 331,107 14,879 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 23. MUNICIPAL AND COMMERCIAL FISH LANDING, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010

City/Municipality Municipal Landing Areas Commercial Landing Areas 1ST District Cavite City Brgy. 10-B, 11, 30, 48 Rosario Pandawan 2ND District Bacoor Sineguelasan 6TH District Tanza Fish Terminal – Julugan 7th District Naic Munting Mapino, Labac Bucana Malaki Fishport Bancaan Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 24. COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010

Number of Gross Number of Annual City/Municipality Commercial Fishing Tonnage Fisherman Production (m.t.) Vessel First District Kawit 15 3 404 101.20 Noveleta 108 3 below 240 100.58 Rosario 48 3.1 above 1,300 2,202.00 Sixth District Tanza 46 3.1 above 482 1,749.60 Seventh District Maragondon 120 3 above 443 151.36 Naic 20 3 above 150 72.00 Ternate 46 1,749.60 Total 403 3,019 6,126.34 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 25. MUNICIPAL FISHING BOATS, PROVINCE OF CAVITE: 2010

Number Number Production Total Production of of Non- Non- Total City/ Fishing Number of Motorized Motorized Motorize Motorized Production Municipality Boats Fisherman (in m.t.) Banca d Banca (in m.t.) First District Cavite City 480 243 723 2,696 709.70 63.78 773.48 Kawit 207 60 267 2,067 765.60 32.89 798.49 Noveleta 31 77 108 240 60.60 32.48 93.08 Rosario 875 38 913 3,606 2,014.50 11.40 2,025.90 Second District Bacoor 682 200 882 606 1,020 78 1,098 Sixth District Tanza 588 24 612 1,268 1,949.10 31.68 1,980.78 Seventh District Maragondon 89 31 120 443 150.70 10.36 161.06 Naic 553 151 704 1,696 929.04 54.36 983.40 Ternate 122 43 165 313 323.40 11.25 334.65 Total 3,627 867 4,494 12,935 7,922.64 326.20 8,248.84 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist, Trece Martires City

Table 26. Bangus, Sugpo and Tilapia Production, Province of Cavite: 2009

2009 City/ Municipality No. of Area Bangus Sugpo Tilapia Total Operators (Ha) (MT) (MT) (MT) First District

Cavite City 4 0 0 0.03 0.2

Kawit 13 28 221 48.480 269.5

Noveleta 21 72 42.9 257.4 300.3

Rosario

Sub-Total 38 99 221 91 257 570 Second District

Bacoor 44 75 102 102

Sub-Total 44 75 102 102

Sixth District

Tanza 60 10 18 18

Sub-Total 60 10 18 18

Seventh District Maragondon 30 1 1 1

Naic 72 12 5 10.2 15.38

Ternate 65 73 43 1.8 44.30

Sub-Total 167 86 48 12.7 60

TOTAL 309 270 371 91.410 288.2 750.52 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist

Table 27. OYSTER/MUSSEL AREA AND PRODUCTION BY CITY/MUNICIPALITY, PROVINCE OF CAVITE 2009

2009 City/ Municipality Production (metric No. of Operators Area (hectare) ton) Oyster Mussel Oyster Mussel Oyster Mussel 1st District Cavite City 26.000 153.000 0.130 1 7 23.00 Kawit 9.00 91.00 7.55 20.28 310.00 357.00 Sub-Total 35.00 244.00 7.68 317.00 380.00 2nd District Bacoor 10 490 9 129 500 6,475 Sub-Total 10 490 9 129 500 6th District Tanza 13 0 15 Sub-Total 13 0 15 7th District Maragondon 10 1 25 Naic 82 2.340 115.00 Ternate 117 0.88 41.60 Sub-Total 209 3.72 181.60 TOTAL 267 734 20 150.54 1,013.60 6855.00 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist

Table 28. SUFFICIENCY LEVEL FOR FOOD CROPS AND FISH PROVINCE OF CAVITE, 2009

PRODUCTION CONSUMPTION SURPLUS SUFFICIENCY FOOD ITEM (MT) (MT) DEFICIT (MT) LEVEL (%) CROPS Rice 62,406.31 336,079.91 (273,673.6) 18.57 Root crops 12,042.24 13,469.57 (1,427.33) 89.40 Pineapple 35,934.29 87,913.28 (51,978.99) 40.87 Mango 20,340.51 87,913.28 (67,572.77) 23.13 Papaya 3,872.42 87,913.28 (84,040.86) 4.40 Banana 22,566.54 87,913.28 (65,346.74) 25.67 Other fruits 20,818.98 87,913.28 (67,094.30) 23.68 Fruit vegetables 15,498.32 122,450.64 (106.952.32) 12.66 Leafy Vegetables 1,673.58 122,450.64 (120,777) 1.37 Root vegetables 2,979.20 122,450.64 (119,471.4) 2.43 Coffee 7,868.49 1,883.85 5,984.64 417.68 FISH 8,500.02 113,031.36 (104,531.34) 7.52 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist

Table 29. FOOD SUFFICIENCY LEVEL FOR MEAT PRODUCTS PROVINCE OF CAVITE, 2009

PRODUCTION CONSUMPTION SUFFICIENCY MEAT PRODUCT (MT) (MT) LEVEL Beef 11,826.20 5,005.21 236.28 Pork 30,759.29 34,751.43 56.04 Poultry 6,413.16 22,385.90 28.65 Source: Office of the Provincial Agriculturist

Coefficients and assumptions are based on the conversion figures used by the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS), the food consumption survey of the National Food Authority & BAS, and the FNRI-National Nutrition Survey of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) as follows:

Per Capita Consumption (MT)

Rice = .10704 MEAT: Vegetables = .039 Chicken meat = .00814 Fruit tress = .028 Pork = .018 Root crops = .00429 Cattle = .00182 Pineapple = .028 Fish = .036 Papaya = .028 Coffee = .0006 White corn = .0062 Yellow corn = .0062 Banana = .028

Formula: Total Consumption = Population x Per Capita Requirement

% Sufficiency level = Total Production x 100 Total Consumption

Table 30. 2012 GROUND WATER SUPPLY-DEMAND GAP