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VOL. XXX MARCH, 1933 No. 6

Published Monthly During the School Year by the Students of Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa. Subscription Price $1.50

DUQUESNE MONTHLY STAFF—1932-1933

Editor-in-Chief L WILLIAM F. F.RAWLEY Assistant Editor PATRICK R. CULLEN Business Manager PATRICK H. MCCONVILLE Faculty Advisor REV. BERNARD J. APPEL, C.S.Sp. Co-Ed Editor MARYDESSIE BLAYNEY News Review Editor WILLIAM J. PURCELL Interview Editor .MARTIN J. GAVIN

Exchange Editor S JOSEPH G. TRAGESER Literary Editors I DICK WERSING-C. G. HEIM Humor Editor JOSEPH A. GAILLIOT Sports Editors JOSEPH P. SULLIVAN-CLIFF SOISSON

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Address: DUQUESNE MONTHLY, Room 37 Canevin Hall, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa.

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Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided (or in Section 1108, Act of October 3, 1917 Authorized October 22. 1918 MARCH 1933

CONTENTS

TIMELY TOPICS: Page Comments on John Galsworthy—Richard Wersing 197 Let's Face Facts—Edward A. Tappe 223 The Spirit of Lent—Anthony J. Chenot 230 SHORT STORY: Trinket—Paul R. Waddell 199 FEATURES: Dickens, The Educator—Martha Spoerlein 202 Holy Childhood Association—C. G. Heim 213 Robert Browning and the Drama— Sr. M. Perpetua Stupy, O.S.B 219 COLUMNS: EDITORIALS : Notice— ( . 206 Lent, The Season of Penance— ) „..„. „ „ . ( 206 "Catholic Action of Duquesne j Wllham K F^wley. University"— 1 " 207 Our Lost Art—C. G 208 LITERARY FORUM: "The First and the Last"—Reviewed by C. G. Heim 210 Co-Ed Viewpoint—Marydessie Blayney 216 Alumni News j 217 Sports—Joseph P. Sullivan - Cliff Soisson 222 Aftermath—Joseph A. Gailliot_. 225 News Reviews—William J. Purcell 228 Exchanges—Joseph G. Trageser ; : 231 MISCELLANY: All Men are Tyrants—Edward A. Egler 209 Scoops—Anonymous 212 The Snow (Poem)—Ralph G. Fallert 221 Retreat—Edward A. Tappe 227 God's Minute—Selected ; 227 THIS SPACE FOR SALE

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VOL. XXX MARCH 1933 NUMBER 6

DICK WERSING TlllWBnMlWIWIiMWMBBTlWWMTTillBMIIIIII II 111 Unlll I llilllllM imHHmiMn—lll III I I 11 lilITIMrr "Under the breath of laughter, deep in the tide of tears, I hear the loom of the Weaver that weaves the Web of Years."—ALFRED NOYES It is not often that the unfortunate have the picturing hand of a novel- ist to plead, for them, especially a novelist whose heart was so completely behind his hand as was the case with John Galsworthy. Modern litterateurs link Dickens and Thackeray, friends and generous rivals always, and Gals- worthy to form a trio whose humanitarianism has gone far toward the amelioration of society's "outcasts." A century antedates the birth of the latter and the deaths of these two Victorian novelists. Dickens and Thack- eray outrank him merely because they entered the field first. Galsworthy has only the demerit of contemporaneity. One of the most beautiful and romantic regions of all England is the Dartmouth Forest. Wingstone, a small town in the very heart of this Dartmoor district was John Gals- worthy's home. At the time of his death, however, he was living in Sussex in south-eastern England. Here, he enjoyed his leisure in a new country home, the replica of a Tudor manor house. With him were his wife, his artist-nephew, Rudolph Sauter and a large family of dogs and cats. Typical of Galsworthy's novels are the ever-present paintings and dogs. Works from his nephew's brush are prominent in his home; dogs were his constant companions on jaunts. It is in Sussex, too, that Rudyard Kipling, and his American wife have settled. Along with Shelia Kaye- Smith and Joseph Freeman, the Galsworthys have always lived in Sussex. "The Galsworthys have been in Devonshire as far back as records go— since the flood—of Saxons, at all events," Galsworthy once put it. It so chanced, though, that John Galsworthy was born in a London suburb in 1867 and lived just as many years before, as he did after the turn of the century. At school, Harrow on the Hill, he captioned the football team and was quite a track man. As a student he was sure and steady. After three years at New College, Oxford, he was graduated in 1889 with an honor degree in law. Although a lawyer's son, he made this reflection of himself: "I read in various chambers, practised almost not at all, and disliked my profession thoroughly." The privilege of being the first reader of the then sailor, Joseph Conrad, fell to the lot of Galsworthy. Meeting on a sailing voyage between Adelaide and Columbia, these two became fast friends. Conrad showed him a manuscript which Galsworthy estimated correctly. Then he advised his new friend to devote himself to literature. When he returned to England his wife-to-be induced him to write. Galsworthy relates: "If one has been brought up at an English public school and 198 DUQUESNE MONTHLY university, is addicted to sport and travel, has a small independent income, and is a briefless barrister, one will not take literature seriously, but one might like to please her of whom one was fond. I began. In two years I wrote nine tales. They had every fault." It is rather amazing, though, to note that, during the eight years preceding the World War, he pro- duced five novels and six plays; no one of these works was a negligible item. In all, Mr. Galsworthy has written some twenty novels and as many plays!—prodigious labor for an aristocrat. Aggressive Frank Harris, the self-styled writer with publishing freedom in no country, wrote of Galsworthy: "Seen close to, his face becomes more interesting; the seri- ous blue eyes can laugh, ihe lips are large and well cut, promising a good deal of feeling, but the characteristic expression of the face is seriousness and sincerity." In Reading, Writing and Remembering (1932) by E. V. Lucas, one of London's foremost men of letters, there is this compliment to Galsworthy: "Always calm, always just, always courteous—he belongs to another world than ours." Galsworthy stands for a tolerant, even a loving comprehension of the other fellow's case. To him every human soul is precious in the sight of God and man. To him Reason and Religion go hand in hand. The sermon on the Mount, preached long ago by the greatest Political Economist of all time, will one day effect he thinks, a cessation of the eternal fighting instinct in human nature. Only then shall society be safe. Mendicants are not "nature's noblemen;" the destitute are not "de- serving poor". Well did Mr. Galsworthy inveigh against modern charity. Organized charities, municipal arrangements—poor houses for the un- fortunate were not his methods of reclaiming men and women. Love, he claimed, was the most humanitarian way in which this generation, grop- ing for light, might reestablish its down-trodden members into the citizen- ship and brotherhood that they deserve. People, generally, have given full appreciation to Galsworthy's mo- tive in writing. They have recognized the insight which his work has called forth. It is significant, as well as consoling to recall, that Mr. Gals- worthy received the Nobel prize in Literature last year. Few gainsay that the impulse to his novels and plays was rooted in his social indigna- tions. Rarely is his criticism that of the captious caviler: his comment is often not even literary—certainly his characters do not stand out as in- dividuals. In drama, he has never endeavored to portray "personalities"— his persons are embodiments of ideas. John Galsworthy's criticism, com- ment—his impulses are humanitarian. Art, to Galsworthy, was an art—not a trade. It is significant that his expression of an idea was not called forth primarily by the book at hand nor by an embryonic drama but by the cries of man for hel'p. Galsworthy believed in the age, in modern man. Ever true to the brotherhood of man, he sought to further, in our curious century, the growth of the democratic ideal. In all his art, to this twentieth century Dickens, such an ideal meanc a sympathetic study of his fellow man and an attempt to tell the truth about him in artistic utterances. 199 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

TRINKET

PAUL WADDELL UNNING across Petrie that rapids of the Zambesi river. It must day in Mozambique, Africa, have been then that the scavenger, Rafter his return from the in- Von Kaussler, spied us. I know now terior was not unusual j but the tale that for the following two days he he had to tell was. I had stepped traveled with us, paralleling our into the saloon for a thirst quencher, course five miles to the east. I had and there sat Petrie, imbibing his sent one of my boys out to recon- brandy and gazing at me from his noiter next morning—he never re- table, his usually combed hair un- turned. I should have sensed some- combed, his -wistful blue eyes more thing then, but—well, the fact re- wistful than I had ever seen them, mains, I didn't. That left us nine and the inevitable pipe clenched be- in the party, including myself. The tween strong teeth. fourth night another of my blacks I called, "Halloo, Old Timer!" disappeared, and I had a time quell- He nodded, shallowly. ing the fears of those remaining. "What luck?" I demanded. The negroes were superstitious. I He looked at me a bit reproach- looked for a bolt. fully, unfastened the pipe from his "With some difficulty, I went on. mouth, and said, significantly, The sixth day I reached the village "Von Kaussler." where the slope of the Great Woods "What?" meets the river bank. The native "Von Kaussler," he repeated, and chief was true to his promise, and the then as if to clinch it: "The land ivory was waiting for me. I bartered Pirate." the few trinkets and whiskey, and "Not you!" spent the night in the village so's my The nod again, shallowly. boys could enjoy one night's pow-

DICKENS, THE EDUCATOR

MARTHA SPOERLEIN

WHY DICKENS WAS AN EDUCATOR works whereas but hundreds would have, had he expressed his ideas in HARLES DICKENS has dry systematic treatises. This method been declared by foremost of presentation not only gives him educators to be the greatest C much greater influence over the pub- educational reformer England has lic but it also makes his teachings ever produced. Perhaps he does not more effective by arousing deep feel- seem to be such because he presented ing which produces permanent force his views to the world in the form for his great thoughts. of object lessons in interesting stories instead of in the form of dry didac- It has been asked whether or not tic essays. In fact this is the chief Dickens was consciously and inten- reason for his fame. Because his tionally an educational critic and re- educational principles are revealed former. The educational articles he for the most part through the evolu- wrote and the prominence given in tion of interesting characters in stories his books to child training in homes, instead of by direct philosophic state- institutions, and schools prove be- ments he earns higher rank as an yond doubt that he was a careful educator. Millions have read his student of the correct methods of 203 DUQUESNE MONTHLY teaching and training children. The Dickens deals with more than statements of the highest educational thirty schools in his novels. In ad- philosophy found in his writings and dition to these he describes an ideal the clearness of his insight will also school in American Notes and makes partly answer the question. Then, many brief references to others in too, the profundity of his thought as various books. One of his earliest shown in his condemning of the writings was Our School Master from wrong ways of teaching as well as "Sketches from Boz." Nearly every his appreciation of the correct meth- one of his stories contains some sort ods show that he knew what he was of a school whether a school for edu- about. cation as Mr. Blimber's School in Dickens criticised the educational Dombey and Son or for teaching evil system of his day partly because he and vice such as Fagin's school of possessed a genuine love for men and thieves in Oliver Twist. His books a particularly deep affection and sym- are full of illustrations of wrong pathy for children j and partly be- training of children in homes and cause of the knowledge he obtained institutions and professional child- of living conditions in his own sorry trainers. Clearly Dickens intended to youth, when he was in close contact reveal the best educational ideals and with the bitter hardships endured by to expose what he regarded as weak the unfortunate poor. He was deeply or wrong in school methods and es- interested in education because, when pecially in the training of young yet a mere child, living in the slums children. of London, he felt that his dreams At this time there was much coer- of an education and a promising use- cion connected with the school sys- ful life would never be realized. tem. As a result Dickens attacked Ever since those early years he and discussed fourteen types of coer- understood the plight of these poor cion in child training from the brutal children who would never even have corporal punishment administered by the chance of growing into some- the cruel Mr. Creakles to the gentle thing worthwhile. Then, as he grew but dwarfing firmness of the dom- older, he saw how corrupt and ill- inant Mrs. Crisparkle. He con- fit for teaching the existing schools demned all forms of coercion because really were. Therefore, he sought that prevents the full development to remedy these conditions by the of individuality and makes men dull use of his writing ability. and submissive to the commands of others. He knew the great value of DICKENS AND THE SCHOOL SYSTEM correct early training and the influ- Dickens was the first Englishman ence of free action on the child's part to make a study of the Kindergarten. in the development of individuality. He wrote one of the most forceful In David Copferfield Mr. Murd- articles ever written on this subject. stone gives the following advice to This article named Infant Gardens David: "To the young this is a shows a perfect understanding of the world for action and not for moping value of proper physical, intellectual and droning in. It is especially so for and spiritual care for children in a young boy of your disposition their early years. (which requires a great deal of cor- 204 DUQUESNE MONTHLY recti on), and to which no greater recess. None spoke, neither were service can be done than to force they permitted to partake in "any- your will to conform to the ways of thing so regular as play." Again and the working world. Stubbornness again Dickens points out how the won't do, it must be crushed and failure of permitting a child to have shall be, too!" First he fills the boy a free childhood and to associate with as full as possible of self-depreciation other children causes bitter resent- and then trains him to expect that ment and rebellion on the child's part his experiences in life would consist toward his parents in later life. in being forced into submission. Dickens advocated and greatly in- What a depressing outlook to give fluenced the introduction of indus- a child! trial work, military and naval train- Dickens, also, saw the unfavorable ing, and discipline without corporal, results of the cramming system, then punishment into the schools. He extensively practiced in schools. The compared the difference in interest folly of this old practice of trying to shown by the pupils in these schools educate by training the character and by the pupils in the schools from without instead of from within which he himself attended. From is ably attacked in the description of his observations he drew the conclu- Dr. Blimber's school in Dombey and sion that shorter hours of study with Son. Dickens writes his satire with a variety of interesting subjects are as much bitterness as sincerity to- much better for the physical and in- wards the "mental green peas," "in- tellectual development of children tellectual asparagus," and "math- than long hours spent only in monot- ematical gooseberries" that were onous work. "common at untimely seasons under Dr. Blimber's cultivation." The Dickens was one of the first Eng- fault of regarding fact-storing as the lishmen to see the need of normal chief aim of education is found clear- schools to train teachers in the art of ly expressed in this extract about educating. Up to this time anyone Briggs in Dombey and Sons. "His who desired could conduct a school learning, like an ill-arranged lug- whether or not he was capable of it. gage, was so tightly packed that he couldn't get at anything he wanted." EMANCIPATION OF CHILDREN He points out the contents of a child's Dickens is rightly hailed Eng- mind and shows the need of early land's chief apostle of childhood. He experience to form apperceptive is its leading promoter in securing a centers of feeling and thought. just and considerate recognition of its Cramming would never accomplish rights by adults who had been uni- this. versally cruel in their dealings with That play is an essential factor in children. He entered into sympathy the education of any normal child as with children to a much greater ex- a deviation from the grind of learn- tent than did any other educator or ing is clearly brought out in many reformer. Many educators have of Dickens' books. He says in Dom- shown great consideration for chil- bey and Son that the boys wandered dren, but Dickens had the perfect aimlessly about during the half hour sympathy with them that sees and 205 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

feels with the child and not merely ly possible result would be a dis- for him. pirited broken child and a dull sub- Dickens taught that loving sym- missive man. pathy is the highest qualification of Dickens helped to break the bonds a true teacher. Phoebe's school was of child depravity. It was not pos- a good place for little children be- sible to reverence a child so long as cause she loved them. Loving sym- he was regarded as a totally de- pathy gave her power and made her praved thing. Dickens raised the school a place in which the good in child from this base rut. He taught human hearts grew and blossomed that every child possesses certain ele- naturally. Throughout all his books ments of divinity which constituted Dickens pleads for kindly treatment individuality and that if this self- of the child and a complete sympa- hood is properly developed the child thy with him in his childish feelings will attain a full manhood. He and interests. The need of sympathy proved that the child is no longer a with childhood is revealed most thing to be repressed, but a being to strongly by the cruelty and harsh- be developed. There is something ness of such characters as Squeers, very touching in this question asked Creakle, and Bumble. by a little boy: "Papa, did mama Among the many improvements stop you from doing everything you made in child training none is more wished to do when you were a little complete than the change in corporal boy?" punishment. For the greater part of The importance of a free, rich this change, the world is indebted to childhood is often treated by Dickens. Dickens. Perhaps Froebel, the great Many times he has his characters German educator, gave the funda- complain of their lost childhood. One mental thought, but Dickens made of his characters says: "I am to my- the thought clear and strong in the self an unintellegible book with the minds of the people by arousing deep earlier chapters torn out and thrown emotion. Dickens awoke in the hearts away. My childhood had no grace of the entire nation a sympathy with of childhood, my youth had no suffering childhood and thus gave charm of youth, and what can be Froebel's philosophy definiteness and exacted from such a lost beginning?" power. David Copperfield was often Dickens tried to save all children beaten because he could not recite from such a start. his long tedious lessons perfectly. But did this make him know them As a result of Dickens' work the any better the next time? Not at darkest clouds have been cleared all. If anything it only caused him away from child life during the past to miss them again because he feared fifty years. Teachers and parents the consequences. In many of the are now severely punished by law existing schools a boy was mercilessly for all improper offenses against flogged before the entire student children. Dickens bravely fought group as"an example" for every little the battle against the enemies of offense, if it could always be termed children and helped to win one of offense. What could be the result the greatest victories of Christian of such harsh punishment? The on- civilization. 206 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

* EDITORIALS * W. F. FRAWLEY

NOTICE We desire to have it understood that the "Monthly" is a non-partisan publication, that any opinions expressed in its pages are strictly those of the various authors. An article in last month's issue which has caused not a little comment—since it supported one candidate over the others in a forthcoming city election—demands this announcement. It must be re- marked that the insertion ;of such an article in our magazine is in accord with the platform of the "Monthly, inasmuch as it fosters the right of free speech in its contents and actually solicits the personal viewpoints of the students who conrtibute to it. Incidentally, we are surprised and quite disappointed that we have not received any articles during the past month refuting the statements of that author who upheld his particular choice or, better still, additional compositions setting forth the views of students who might think some other candidate or candidates worthy of consideration. We again call your attention to the fact that the pages of the "Du- quesne Monthly" are open to every student of the University. You need not be a member of the staff in order that your work be accepted for publication nor is it necessary that it be approved by anyone before it is submitted to the editors. Please address, all communications plainly to the Duquesne Monthly, Room 37, Canevin Hall.

LENT, THE SEASON OF PENANCE Lent is the annual season of fasting in the spring, observed by the Catholic Church as a preparation for the great feast of Easter. It is a time of special penitence and in the Western Church since the early'Middle Ages fixed in duration at forty days which have been established as the forty week days preceding Easter, the first being Ash Wednesday. These forty days are above all to commemorate the fasting of Christ before his crucifixion. This Lenten season has already begun. At this time the faithful throughout the Christian world are commanded by the authorities of the Church to enter into a period of reflection with them. They are exhorted to meditate on the life, the passion and death of Jesus Christ for a period of six weeks and to do special penances—mortification, prayer, fasting, for example—in order to atone for the temporal punishment which their sins deserve. Whether we have reached our majority or not, it is incumbent upon 207 DUQUESNE MONTHLY everyone of us to observe the season of Lent together with all of its man- dates and privations. That we have not attained the required age is an insufficient excuse for not doing our part in conforming with the rules of the Church. Likewise, if for some reason or other we may be excused from the prescribed formula published by our Bishop, we must bear in mind that we are required to substitute prayer and other forms of worship to make up the requirements from which we have been dispensed. This period preceding the feast of Easter, 1933, should, therefore, be used advantageously by us. Perhaps, then, our present situation will be remedied and a new era of prosperity will introduce itself in our midst.

"CATHOLIC ACTION OF DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY" "The Association called Catholic Action is established for the pur- pose of advancing the spiritual and intellectual progress of its members. This shall be achieved by a study of the Catholic faith, its literature and its application to basic economic and social principles. False philosophies and anti-Catholic movements shall be studied with a view to discerning wherein they err." The above statements constitute the aims of the newly organized "CATHOLIC ACTION OF DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY." That such an institution—for it is destined to become an institution—was sorely needed at Duquesne University is a well-known fact; and those who have begun this movement are indeed deserving of the highest commendation. On a certain Sunday evening those students who are deeply interested in Catholic Action and who were to form the nucleus of "Catholic Action of Duquesne University" assembled for an address by one of Pittsburgh's most prominent Catholic laymen who spoke to them concerning the pos- sibilities of a Catholic Action Club at our school. He stated that the world was becoming more and more hostile to the teachings of true Catholic doctrine. He illustrated many instances wherein the teaching of the Church was being openly defied and anti-Catholic theories were being widely propogated throughout the world. He pointed out to the group that it was their duty as products of Catholic higher education to refute these false teachings and at the same time spread abroad those true concepts which are embodied in Catholic dogma. The assemblage decided to launch a vigorous and active campaign for the propagation of Catholic doctrine throughout the world. Tem- porary officers were installed and an active drive for members was in- augurated. Since that time the organization has held several meetings and the mem- bership has increased very rapidly. It is hoped that it will in a short time attain an enrollment of one hundred members. Definite methods of pro- cedure have been mapped out so that the club will provide a means of self-enlightenment on Catholic teaching for the members of the body and will, simultaneously disseminate by organized effort veritable Catholic doc- 208 DUQUESNE MONTHLY trine which should be very informative and instructive to the erroneous and less informed of the world. We predict a great future for "Catholic Action of Duquesne Univer- sity." It shall uphold the teachings of the Church in all controversies by condemning false tenets and by forcing the true conception of the Catholic Church before the minds of the doubters thereof. We wish to inform the student body that membership in the "Catholic Action of Duquesne University" is open to all Catholic Students, subject to election by the Membership Committee.

OUR LOST ART Most of us believe that Duquesne University is rapidly developing, quickly establishing its great reputation, swiftly coming to the fore; this is indeed true, but only in some certain phases of collegiate activity. That our University is rapidly progressing in athletics, no one dare deny. The School of Music has a new home; the Coeds have obtained comfortable quarters in the Library Building; we have our band well organized; we have radio programs; and the latest development is a striking improvement in the process of registration. Duquesne is advancing uphill. But where are her orators; where her debaters? Other schools have de- bating teams. Years ago our University, too, had its orators and debaters. In recent years debating has for us become a lost art. Men and Women, do we lack the spirit of old Duquesne? Formal debating, especially inter-collegiate debating, is a youthful academic sport. All our great Universities have their debating clubs. Duquesne, in order to compete with her rivals must also engage in debating. We must revive the old spirit of Duquesne and strongly support her re- organized debating society. The Debating Society of Duquesne was reorganized last fall. It has acquired an active membership of about forty students. These students are eager to place Duquesne's banner on still loftier heights. Our organi- zation and constitution have been approved; we have a sponser and coach, who are members of the faculty; we have debated amongst ourselves; we have a team ready for action; we have accepted challenges for inter- collegiate debates; our team is about to engage in its first debate. Evidently, then, we have orators and debaters who are active and in- terested in Duquesne's glory. But zeal and enthusiasm among the debaters alone does not warrant success. The students, the faculty, the administra- tion want to see the Dukes win that basketball game or that football game. Do they want the debating team to win? We can have a successful season, only if every loyal Duke—the students, faculty, and administration—gives us real support. Duquesne's name is again at stake; can we support it, can we keep the flag flying? C. G. 209 DUQUESNE MONTHLY ALL MEN ARE TYRANTS EDWARD A. EGLER AN is born a tyrant. Anim- the hand that throttles him, and pay als, from the smallest to the homage to the fellow-creature that Mgreatest, are tyrants, veget- lords it over him. al growths are tyrannical in their way He may cry out against tyranny and the very stars seek to rule each and oppression in bitterest tones, other. The word itself is rather hate- swear by all the gods that if he were ful to a civilized and intelligent in that man's place he would make people, but Darwin overcame that by the hearts of his subjects glad and all using the expression "survival of that sort of thing. the fittest." It is but a synonym for If perchance, the wheel of fortune tyranny. . stops at his niche in the great living The disposition of one man to take wall, does he cling to his benev- advantage of another is just as nat- olent ideas? Occasionally, or prob- ural as for one dog to snatch a bone ably only semi-occasionally he soon from another. It is through fear on- gets into the habit of walking over ly that such an one is restrained from the heads of the common herd, gath- robbing every other dog. ering where he has not sown, and So with low caste humanity. The dispensing favors where they are like- savage snatches everything he can get ly to bring the largest and quickest his hands on, regardless of the rights return. of the owner. He is only restrained In slavery times it was fully dem- by fear of punishment. onstrated that slaves made the hard- The thief who depends on pilfer- est masters. The common field hand, ing for a livelihood is only kept from who had writhed and smarted under stealing everything he sees through the lash of a cruel driver, when fear of being caught. raised to the position of overseer, In some the disposition to take plied the whip with a heavier hand, undue advantage, and to get that and increased the task with less which belongs to another without an mercy than the boss of whom he equivalent, is so strong that it crops complained so bitterly while yet a out in their business transactions. If common hand. It is not every one who caught at it they are sometimes den- will be thus, but the spirit is there, ounced as rascals, more often pointed and it remains through all ranks. out as shrewd, sharp business men. The spirit of petty tyranny is of- This is one of the fashionable forms ten shown in those who are both of tyranny, so prevalent among the master and servant. They are all American people of today. gentleness and humility towards those The tyrant has a grip on his victim, who are above them, and all auster- and will not relax it until he has ity and dignity to those below them. squeezed all the gold out of him They bend the knee and bow the he can. Moreover he delights in head to those in authority, yet crack making his victim feel that he is at the whip and turn a deaf ear to those his mercy. He may not do this in below them. As a rule, the more a particularly offensive way yet he servile they are to the one, the more does it. exacting and unfeeling they are to- The victim may be humble, kiss wards the other. 210 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

LITERARY FORUM DICK WERSING - C. G. HEIM

THE FIRST AND THE LAST

Fraternity, Maid In Waiting, Flowering Wilderness BY JOHN GALSWORTHY

Reviewed by C. G. HEIM When a man dies it is not amiss to recall his birth as well as contem- plate his death. Neither is it amiss, when a great novelist dies, to review his literary career by recalling his first and last books. The publication of Fraternity was John Galsworthy's bow as a really great novelist; Flowering Wilderness, with which Maid In Waiting is inseparably linked, is his last word. Fraternity is anticipatory of Galsworthy's later works; it creates in broad perspective, a view of what this seer hopes to accomplish during his life. This, the first of his great novels, treats of the "universal brother- hood of man", the life of equality and love. His later novels consider more definitely some of the progressive steps which must be made in order that this ideal life might become a reality. Several of his novels bear titles similar to or identical with the chapters of Fraternity; wherever those titles are similar, there too, the themes are similar. This novel re-creates humanity as it is under our modern social, political and economic conditions. Then through a complexus of plots, the author shows that mankind will never in this life attain the heights of "universal brotherhood," but must ever strive toward it. Poverty retreats before the startled eye of wealth, even though that gaze be kindly rather than contemptuous, wealth shudders amidst squalor and misery; the sophis- ticate holds the uneducated in derision; illiterate men ridicule scholars; each generation beholds its successor in surprise, scorn, and perhaps, pity. Man naturally repels condescension, whether he view his fellows from the sum- mit or the valley. But every normal man feels towards his fellow men an innate love and generosity, which tend to tear down those artificial barriers that men have built between their classes, castes and clans. The later novels illustrate how customs, laws and traditions prevent classes and individuals from attaining their own and others' happiness; how individuals within a class or even a family live in a state of dis- harmony. Simultaneously, the characters must respond to their inborn love and generosity. Maid In Waiting is a satire on the modern life of the upper middle class and the untitled aristocracy of England. It is the first book of a series which Galsworthy evidently intended to be similar to the Forsyte 211 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

Saga or A Modern Comedy. Maid in Waiting introduces an indirect genealogical branch of the old Forsyte family. Dinny Cherrell is the "maid in waiting," a beautiful, intellectual, slightly aristocratic girl, who deliberately disregards her own personal interests in order to help others who are in serious trouble. Philanthropic nature forced her to shatter her first petty loves. But Galsworthy is not content to leave her thus at odds with her own life. He writes again; Dinny really falls in love; her heart becomes a "flowering wilderness" of thwarted love. Galsworthy's last novel is a tragedy. It is a satire that questions whether English national honor is just pride, and how great is its value. Should an .Englishman who is not representative of the British nation give his life for England's honor and gain nothing for himself? On that decision depends Dinny's love and happiness. Wilfrid Desert, the young man with whom Dinny falls in love, had embraced Mohammedanism at the point of a gun. He, influenced by modern unarthodoxy, professed no creed. When he was forced to choose between his life and that religion in which he did not believe, he naturally chose his life. Englishmen, who outwardly at least professed the tradi- tional religion of their nation, maintained that Desert had sacrificed Eng- land's honor. Wilfrid returned to England and soon found it necessary to defend his deed. While Englishmen nagged and plagued him, Dinny remained true and loving. She suffered with him. Wilfrid saw that the blot or his character could not be erased and therefore left the country. False national pride had torn two hearts asunder; it had wounded two souls. Dinny returned to Condaford, her country home, to forget her sor- row and renew her interest in life. Galsworthy probably expected to find her there, and to continue her story in another novel; but Dinny will re- main forever at Condaford. A most remarkable difference and yet a similarity can be noted be- tween Galsworthy's first and last works. The swift flowing style of his later novels, for which he is so famous, creeps only occasionally into his earliest novel. With age his knowledge of human nature became deeper and more profound; his studies embodied more definite problems of life. Political conditions came to interest him more, and social conditions, less; but he never forgot his original objective-social reform, the "universal brotherhood of man."

Don't part with your illusions. When they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live.—Twain. ¿12 DUQtJfcSMfc MOiSITttLY

" "V RY-WATER" Seifert, "One- Or couldn't come * * Bill Hill knows 1 line" Rowan and Roy Getty how to play Geneva * * He teaches 1 J performed in Newman Club how too, so they tell us * * Bud piece * * It seems that someone in Fallert is very interested in certain the topmost row knew Getty * * improvements * *At least he is very Andy Graney knows him, too * * Ed observant * * It has been said that Devlin insisted that a certain artist's Bill Maher has been going batty, but effort was entirely out of proportion now we have definite proof * * And * * He seems to know all about those Devlin wants to go with him. things. Chuck Connors. Pat McConnville, Glenn Thomas, the infirmary man, Pat Cullen et al sold quite a few C. visits a certain Fifth Avenue place S. M. C. tickets in a certain Oakland quite a bit these days * * We wonder gymnasium during the month * * why * * And it seems that Captain- They were there for three hours * * elect A1 Krankota, Gerry Baker and Um, um, and a couple more ums * * Jim McDonald, grid mates, have Cyril Brain didn't enjoy himself at also been at that well-known place the party * * He lost something or * * And sans funds * * So they say. other * * And didn't find it either, Bernard Francis Emery, from until it was time to go home * * So Strothers, Ohio, (please get the full Chuck knows about this, does he * * name, ladies and gentlemen) is And Ken Duffy threatens to expose rather homesick * * And for a very us * * Well, well "Where ignorance good reason * * So he says * * The is bliss"! Wednesday nite punch line: "How- Frank Stanish won't go out with 're you doin' now, Griff", seems to Glenn Thomas any more * * Why * * be a pass-word around the halls now Well, take your guess * *Will Cap- * * He deserves it they say * * Of tain Paul Abele and Ben Pawlina course, Griff is the stude manager. take graduate courses in the music Tom O'Connor and Bill Hill did department * * Joe Dudzak works a lot of discussing on that proportion in the music school * * He has sev- business * * Ralph forgot his derby eral varieties * * Don't you, Joe? * * * * Ralph's the printer's man * * Frank Glenn wasn't in Greenfield Seems some of the co-eds like Lin- one Sunday last month * * John coln * * One does anyhow * * So Fleckenstein was care-taking at New- they say. man one night. J. Robert Kunkel, the freshman * What did W. J. P. notice first Intrigues us * * Doesn't even say "I when he went to Grove City? * * haven't * *He says "I have not * * He didn't. . . go, we mean. * * And Betty Atwater says she doesn't re- it wasn't the gymnasium either * * member * * We mean last month's * * And Paul R., too! * * Joe Sul- story * * John Burns and Don Epler livan et al went to Philly, . . . and have joined the wall-flowers Satur- missed the boxing matches * * What day night * * Where- * * Take your do you think of the Moratorium, pick. Toni? ... I think you're Blasi! ? ? ? Peewee Rodgers must have thought Ask Sullivan! ! ! ! Note to Miss there would be a basket-passing at Mary Ahearn: Your secret is out! the Newman Club * *Stayed away * We know your middle name * * Jim btJQÛÈStoÈ MONTIÎLY ¿1$

MacDougall and Bunk McGeever time, either, though we know he is like to walk down past the dairy. fond of pickles * * Adam and his Tassillo laughs like Joe Brown * * typewriter are inseparables * * And We think a contract awaits him * * so are Pat McConnville and the Rail Go west, young man, go west * * * * And Maurice Murphy and his And Tassillo is quite a dancer, so black derby * * And LeRoy Lawton they tell us * * Henry Weinberg is and horses * *Joe Rado is very much very busy these days * * He must go interested in his sartorial perfection out to the Boulevard of the Allies * * these days * *Ed Waldman was up And to Squirrel Hill, too * * Very, all night * * And not at a wake * * very busy. Dan Conway doesn't know whether We know the student who was he was called a detective or a de- sore because we didn't mention his fective. name last month * * We won't this HOLY CHILDHOOD ASSOCIATION C. G. HEIM HE political unrest and the New Orleans in 1846. The Jesuits radical economic and social first espoused the work in America, Tchanges of the Industrial and with great zeal and enthusiasm Revolution, toward the end of the spread the movement in order to aid eighteenth, and in the early decades their brothers in pagan lands. Rev. of the nineteenth centuries, turned Theodore Thiry, S. J., was the first the minds of Europeans intently up- great leader of the American branch. on national and domestic problems. His untimely death snatched away Interest in foreign missions suffered. the guiding hand, and the efficiency This misfortune was somewhat off- of the society's work began to drop, set by the founding of the Holy before he had well established it. Childhood Association. Rev. Joseph Strub, Provincial of Charles de Forbin Janson, Bishop the Holy Ghost Society, was earn- of Nancy-Toul in France, early in estly requested, in 1889, to manage 1843, founded the Association de la the German Branches of the Holy Sainte Enfance—Association of the Childhood in the United States. The Holy Childhood. This society is a Provincial died a few months later, missionary union of children for the but the Holy Ghost Fathers did not purpose of assisting in the rescue abandon their work. Anthony J. and baptism of abandoned heathen Zielenback, C.S.Sp., was appointed babies. Besides this primary purpose by his Superior to take charge of the of the association, the missionary work of the Holy Childhood. Father union imbeds in the hearts of the Zielenback was at that time pastor young an intense interest and zeal of Saint Anthony's Church, Mill- for the work in the mission fields, vale, Pennsylvania. Thus the center so that they might have the proper of the Association was brought into apostolic spirit when they become the very home of the Pittsburgh men and women. diocese. The Holy Childhood Association Father Zielenback was assisted by was established in Baltimore and a layman, Charles J. Jaegle, founder 214 DTJQTJFCSNE MONTHLY and editor of the Pittsburgh Ob- herents in nearly every town and server. Mr. Jaegle's services were hamlet. sought in order that he might carry In 1898, the director found it nec- on the clerical work of the reju- cessary to go to Paris. He made ar- venated missionary movement. rangements to sail on the steamship Father Zielenback was officially La Bourgoyne, but discovered that appointed as director in November, only first class accomodations were 1892, and in the following May, he available. He cancelled his reser- was requested to assume charge of vation because he was unwilling to all the branches and activities of the travel expensively on money col- society in the United States. Father lected mainly from children and Zielenback now became National Di- poor persons for missionary purposes. rector of the Association, and Pitts- He sailed a few days later amid more burgh became the home of the soci- modest accomodations. When he ety in this country. Since that time, arrived in Europe, he learned that the National Office of the Society the La Bourgoyne had sunk, taking has always been located in Pittsburgh five hundred and sixty passengers to and has been under the directorship their graves in the bottom of the of the Holy Ghost Fathers. ocean. Humility had saved his life. During his five years of leader- Father Willms' work was brought ship, Father Zielenback spent most to a close with his death on January of his time traveling about the coun- 3, 1914. Rev. Francis A. Retka car- try, organizing and establishing dio- ried on the work until a new director cesan branches of the Holy Ghost was appointed. The officially ap- Childhood Association. He, also, pointed successor was Father Ed- either directly or indirectly, organ- ward J. Knaebel. It is believed that ized units of the society in schools he was appointed after Monsignor and colleges. He began the monthly Roger de Tiel had made that request publication of the Annals. This of Most Rev. Alexandre le Roy, the pamphlet, originally published one Superior General of the Society. At month in German and the next this time Father Knaebel was not yet month in English, is the official or- thirty years old. gan of the society. Father Knaebel began his work Father John Baptist Willms suc- with the energy of youth and the ceeded Father Zielenback in August judgment of age. He removed the of 1897. The new director rented office of the society to the Standard an office within the office of the Life Building, and established a Pittsburgh Observer. From this of- modern office system for carrying on fice, Mr. Jaegle continued to carry the business. He explored his na- on his clerical part of the work, while tional branches and established many Father Willms continued the work new units. He improved both the of soundly organizing the society. form and contents of the Annals. Father Willms was especially well Father Knaebel took great and rapid equipped with natural talent for his strides forward. He increased the duties. He was physically able to national annual collections from an do much traveling and labor. By average of $30,000 to $140,000} virtue of his oratorical ability and and during his six years as director, pleasing personality, Father Willms, he gathered a total of $664,888.95. a missionary imperialist, solicited ad- The fruits of his work were so abun- buQtjfcsisiE MONTHLY 215 dant that the labor of harvesting was transfered the National Headquar- greatly increased. In order to help ters to a home at Allegheny and him in his extended labors, Father North Lincoln Avenues on theNorth Joseph Rosenback was appointed in Side. In 1930 he discontinued the August 1920 to the office of Assis- German publication of the Annals. tant Director. During Father Knae- This magazine is now published only bel's last two years, he and his as- six times a year. sistant added seven new dioceses to The National Directors have re- the list of Holy Childhood sup- sorted to various methods for secur- porters. Father Knaebel was re- ing the interest and support, espec- lieved of his office at his own request ially of grade school children, high in 1920, in order to become engaged school pupils and college students. as an active missionary in the field. These means of support are some- The writer had the privilege about a what suitable to the simplicity of the year ago, of meeting and speaking minds to which they are intended to with Father Knaebel. At that time, appeal. Such simple and homely Father Knaebel had ten years of methods of financial support are: the African missionary experience. He gathering of metal foils and can- said, "The laborers are few and sup- celled stamps, which are sold at a port is weak." We need a revival of very small price, and the sale of Holy the missionary spirit." Childhood Christmas seals. Nearly The Holy Ghost Provincial ap- every active member of the society pointed Rev. Lawrence E. Farrell keeps a stamp album. These albums, successor to Father Knaebel. After when filled, contain fifty stamps; a few months of active service, Fa- each stamp is a different picture of ther Farrell was obliged, because of life in the missionary fields. The illness, to withdraw. He had begun Annals, which is the official bimonth- his work by visiting twenty-seven lo- ly publication of the society has a cal dioceses, and Father Rosenback two fold purpose. Promoters of the carried on that work when illness society receive the Annals free, but overtook his superior. the remainder of its circulation of The chair of the director was giv- sixty five thousand copies is sold for en to Monsignor Wm. F. Stadelman twenty-five cents per copy. That in September 1921. He removed sale is an appreciable means of finan- the headquarters of the Association cial support for the missions. This to the Magee Building. Father magazine, through its stories and Stadelman and Father Rosenback articles, appeals to the Catholic lay- greatly increased the total collections man, and urges him to take an active from the United States. In 1923, interest in supporting the missions. they began a tour of local districts, The National Director has always visiting the grade schools and high been ex officio Pittsburgh's Diocesan schools in order to increase member- director. The people of our city ship and support. have of recent years lost interest in After serving for a long time as the association and the contributions Assistant Director, Father Rosenback of local supporters have had a steady was appointed National Director in decline since 1923. Father Rosen- 1928. For a time, he was assisted by back is now working zealously to re- Father Ackerman, but at present he new missionary zeal and enthusiasm is working alone. Two years ago he in our home district. i 16 DtQUlSNE MONTHLY

CO-ED VIEWPOINT MARYDESSIE BLAYNEY

During the past month Duquesne has passed two more significant mile- stones in its progress. The first is the formation of the Catholic Action of Duquesne, and the second is the new residence of the women students on the third floor of the Library Building. The latter is the result of much more effort on the part of our Dean of Women than we can realize. With the help of the Women's Guild and the Alumnae Association, she has secured for us the conveniences and com- forts which have been gradually added during the past six years. Now we have an entire floor of the Library Building to ourselves. How pleas- ing it is to step into our lounge, with its clean, mellow walls and blending drapes and curtains! With the new rooms comes a greater responsibility. Now we have a tangible opportunity to show our appreciation by keeping these new rooms in their present spotless condition. Are we to be steadfast in the attitude of indifference so prevalent among us while we occupied the second floor? Are we to cooperate with the administration, in order to manifest our ap- preciation? Can we rise to the new responsibility which is expected of us? The greater milestone of progress which Duquesne has passed is the formation of Catholic Action. American Catholics are awaking to a reali- zation that the laity have a responsibility in the propagation of the faith in this country. The United States must be made conscious of the true na- ture of our beliefs and principles. For every problem of life there is a Catholic solution. We inherently know these correct principles of life, whether or not we ¡realize that we know them. We want to know why we have these ready, applicable solutions, so that when those of other creeds question us we can answer them simply and intelligently. For that pur- pose we have formed at Duquesne our Catholic Action. This organization is in direct agreement with a plan for a forum for women students which our Dean of Women had previously formulated. Everyone realizes the necessity for action on the part of thinking people for correct living. Now we are to have a more comprehensive organization than that planned for the women students. After all, man or woman, each of us must face the world with the same code of living. During the boxing season more ladies and girls than in previous years have been attending the Duquesne matches, in our own gym- nasium and elsewhere. It is noted that a considerable num- EVENING' ber of them do not wear evening dress, which has been es- DRESS tablished as proper. There is room for thought in this. How- ever, this page is not to pronounce the dictum on such a mat- ter of mode and custom. 217 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

At one time it was commonly accepted that to appear in public at night was to be formally dressed, whether the performance or gathering be of the Istage or of the gymnasium. So stringent a mode naturally was subjected to modification. Now we do not feel that it is in any way in- cumbent upon us to appear in evening dress at a basketball game. There is a good point for those, who say that evening dress need not be worn at boxing matches, in that it is a simple step from basketball competition to that of boxing. Yet there seems to be an essential difference between the two sports. Boxing retains more of the brute. Should we make ourselves most resplendent for the spectacle of strength overcoming strength? How short the step from the primitive to the most highly civilized! On the other hand, perhaps evening dress lends dignity to a competition which by its nature is utterly lacking in dignity.

ALUMNI NEWS W. J. P.

The Rev. Thomas J. Quigley attended the Duke-Carnegie floor con- test * * At the Skibo gymnasium on Friday, January 27 * * * Father Quigley will be remembered as a student writer, actor, speaker and cheer-leader * * Was very popular on campus in undergraduate days * * * Recall him in "Honor Bright?" The Rev. L. A. O'Connell was another spectator at the Red and Blue- Plaid meeting * * * Father Alphonsus Favre was there, too * * * Father O'Connell is a recent grad * * * Father Favre studied here and was dean of discipline in the prep school until year or so ago * * * He taught Greek and then English. Pat Lally, elongated grid snapper-back couple of campaigns back, at- tended the Pitt-West Virginia boxing matches at Pavilion early in February * * * The Panther basketball team played the Mountaineers that night, too * * * Lally's old rival for the center berth on the Night Riders, Maesh Silverstein, has been attending all the events on the winter sports card * * * And Maesh has been sitting with Coach Kass Kovalcheck of the preps dur- ing the little Dukes' games * * * Kass's high schoolers are aspirants for the district Catholic High Basketball League championship. George Yunker, prep, '30, fought for Wash-Jeff in the Duke-Prexy ring meet in campus stronghold on Friday evening, January 20 * * * George battled in the 135 pound class and lost decision to Dick Ehrlich * * * Yun- ker played for the prep tennis team during his years here * * * Always wore Borotra beret in action * * * Was quite a capable netman. Leo J. Korpanty, Law, '16, was killed when his automobile was struck by the New York bound Capitol Limited * * * At the Mount Royal cros- 218 DUQUESNE MONTHLY sing between Glenshaw and Allison Park * * * Early in February * * * John Korpanty, at present a senior in the prep school, is a brother of the deceased. John Schneider, who will be remembered as a former student in the School of Accounts, is now registered in the medical school of Loyola Uni- versity of Chicago * * * Schneider was on the Bluff for some two years. Dan McNerney and Ted Todd, two members of Elmer Layden's pig- skin aggregations of several seasons ago, are still working in the William Penn Garage * * * Both men are living on the Bluff, now * * * Lex Smith, former conductor of this column, is also at the William Penn Garage. Stanley Ebert, former editor of the undergraduate weekly, and an end in the days of Todd and McNerney, will be married in late spring to Miss Nancy Edmonds * * * Stanley is coaching at Byn Athyn * * * Miss Ed- monds teaching there * * * Stan has been at the eastern institution for a couple of seasons * * * He was very active in extra-curricular affairs during his student days. Peter J. Sullivan, Paul G.'s father, has been attending the basketball games * * * Is one of the oldest alumni of the University * * * And one of the most loyal, too * * * Some of the younger alumni would do well to follow Mr. Sullivan's practice in supporting Duquesne affairs. Owen J. Dwyer, who's seen on the campus quite a bit, has taken his family to new home in Aspinwall * * * Mr. and Mrs. L. Schneider attended the Duke-Westminster game at Beaver Falls * * * Lee played guard and captained grid team in '23 * * * John Davies, '22, is another grad seen at the floor games * * * Had been absent for while * * * Played baseball, football and basketball during student days. Teddy Noroski, Arts, '25, was married last month to Miss Mary Barna * * * Father W. D. Savage, Arts, '26, has been transferred from St. Francis de iSales, McKees Rocks, to St. Paul's Butler * * * The Rev. Mr. Edwin Heyl, prep grad and later college student here, visited city in middle of month * * * Was at Duke-West Virginia game * * *With Joe Findlan, present Arts student and writer for DUKE * * * Mr. Heyl is deacon, will be ordained in spring * * * Is at St. Mary's Emmittsburg. Father Martin Brennan, '08, has been quite ill * * * Is pastor of Brownsville church, oldest in diocese * * * Was quite an athelete in days here * * '* Herbert Cowallis and Paul Butler, Law, '28, are practicing in the Grant Building * * * With Ernest Nasser, Law, '27. Hugh C. Boyle, nephew of the Most Rev. Hugh C. Boyle, Bishop of the Pittsburgh diocese, is the proud father of a baby * * * The young law graduate is practicing downtown * * * Ray Dougherty attended C. S. M. C. rally here on February 12 * * * Is at St. Vincent's. The Rev. Michael J. Brannigan, vice-president of the University and dean of the College of Arts, addressed alumni luncheon early in month * * The Rev. Lucian Ducie, of St. Paul's Monastery, was likewise a speaker at a luncheon session * * *Is it necessary that the alumni membership de- crease so much? 219 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

ROBERT BROWNING AND THE DRAMA

SR. M. PERPETUA STUPY, O.S.B.

N dramatic poetry the author at defense. Tresham regrets his makes an effort to portray life hasty act when he sees the boy-lover Iand character through the me- dying at his feet. He breaks the sad diums of speech and action. news of her lover's death to Mildred Of Browning's poems, eight may who later dies from the shock, while be placed in the category of drama. he ends his life by poison. Some of these were written for the The action is very rapid. The stage presentation while others were setting is English and of the eigh- intended to be read. teenth century. "The old hall, with We shall consider his most fa- its long line of noble lords and fair mous play—"A Blot on the 'Scutch- ladies, its spotless 'scutcheon and eon." This drama is a tragedy in stately appointments, is well pre- three acts. The plot is very simple, sented here." perhaps too simple. Lord Henry The gloominess of Gerald, the old Mertoun meets and loves Mildred, servant, warns us that all is not well the fourteen year old sister of Lord in Scene one. The embarrassment Tresham. Mertoun fears Mildred's of Mertoun sounds a warning and brother, and hesitates to ask him for gives a clue to the nature of the sit- her hand in marriage. The two lovers uation. Guendolen's keen wits de- drift into a secret intimacy which tect a weak point in his plea. The does not end in the intimacy with Third Scene introduces Gerald's rev- which it began. elation, and the whole situation is To save Mildred's reputation, before us. Act Two proceeds rap- Lord Mertoun determines to have idly to a climax in the library scene an interview with Lord Tresham. between Mildred and her brother, After the interview, Gerald, an old while the final Act hurries to the servant of the family, tells his master catastrophe. of Mertoun's nightly visits to Mil- The play hinges upon a domestic dred's chamber. tragedy. It is very painful, too much Tresham accuses Mildred of her so, to be universally pleasing. Both guilt. She does not deny it. Her the hero and the heroine are sensi- brother commands her to refuse the tive, well bred creatures, pathetic in Earl's offer. The girl refuses to do their youth and inexperience. Mer- so. Guendolen, Mildred's cousin, toun has sinned against God through endeavors with womanly tact to draw boyish ignorance. Although noble, from Mildred her lover's name. She and very winning in his bearing, he fails hopelessly. In the meantime lacks vigor and robustness. the angered brother went for a long Lord Tresham is typical of the walk and, upon his return, waited for head of an old English family. He the young lover to appear. As Mer- loves his sister dearly. He is gentle toun advances, Tresham springs to- and considerate, courteous and def- ward him and challenges him to erential, as he questions her about fight. Mertoun makes no attempt her sin, but when he has at length 220 DUQUESNE MONTHLY forced the truth from her all his the vivid passion, the profound hu- brotherly affection gives way. He man interest and the rich, poetic becomes stern and relentless. The quality of its verse, captivates and family honor, for which he would grips the mind with an intensity of willingly have sacrificed his life, has pity for the children-lovers, and a been stained. The girl whom he deep understanding of the keen suf- trusted, about whom he said so con- fering of the brother who unsuccess- fidently fully played a mother's part toward "You cannot know the good and tender his younger sister. heart, Robert Browning has been criti- Its girl's trust and its woman's con- cised severely for a lack of those stancy, qualities essential to a great play— How pure yet passionate, how calm yet kind, little or no action, lack of clearness, How grave yet joyous, how reserved yet lack of humor, lack of plot. But free there are other characteristics, that As light where friends are ..." point out his dramatic power as ad- has been deceiving him for many mirable. weeks. Beneath his sense of family Unity there is in all his dramas. disgrace is jealous pain and hurt His dramas are complete. Not one vanity. of his dramas is without excellent In Guendolen, Browning's skill in situations. "A Blot on the 'Scutch- character drawing is very excellent. eon" is full of profound and tender Her gaiety, and her sprightliness, pathos that never verges upon sen- with a woman's tenderness beneath timentality. The imagery employed her light banter is sketched vividly by the poet is harmonious and pow- by a few masterful strokes. erful. The verse is often rugged The dominant emotion in the with exquisite lyrics sprinkled drama is pathos. Mildred has lost through the scenes. her self-respect, her honor, her The supreme excellence of Brown- brother's love, and her lover. Deep ing's dramas lies in the characters he is her misery as she falters: creates. Browning is at his ease in "I—I was so young! character drawing. His characters Beside, I loved him, Thorold—and I are real men and women, and if they have are deficient in physical action, they No mother; God forgot me; so I fell." are mentally, intensely alive. His It is a hardened heart that fails to knowledge of human nature is truly feel sympathy and pity for poor little marvelous. The poet has an ar- Mildred. tist's cleverness in giving a graphic "A Blot on the 'Scutcheon," with portraiture in a few, bold, telling its unrelieved pathos, its simple plot, strokes. its lack of humor, and the tender All of Browning's dramas are age of its leading characters, is « marked by earnestness of thought rather drab portraiture of life and and purpose. The life of the Soul action. However, it is realistic, at is his field of operation. least in its essence. Drama is a representation of life It is too tragic for stage presen- as the poet sees it. What then, we tation. But as a drama to be read may ask, does Robert Browning see 221 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

in Life? What solution does he offer in the behavior of Mildred's brother of its misery and its mystery? What where love is overthrown by pride message do his dramas bring to the and a social sense of honor. "Love waiting world that reads them? The conquers all things," he tells her; answer is hove. In each of his plays and elsewhere he has said: some phase of love is given promi- nence, is brought into collision with "I think, am sure, a brother's love ex- ceeds other forces, and always to come off All the world's love in its unworldli- as conqueror. ness." "The hero may fall into tragic error, or meet with tragic death, but But he curses his sister a few min- at the same time, this great living utes later. Though he is noble, principle of Love endures; it shines; brave and honorable, pride is tug- it shines with a pure radiance through ging at his nature and he believes sin and base passions; it grapples he is vindicating his family honor with evil and never knows defeat." when in reality he is yielding to his own weakness. Hence, death befalls "In a Blot on the 'Scutcheon, ig- him. The lovers likewise die, but norant love clashes with social laws, their affection for each other con- and if we accept the usual explana- tinues to the last. tion of the tragedy, Mildred dies in expiation of her guilt." But this "Browning's stage is . . . where drama admits of another and truer naked souls meet and wrestle as they interpretation. "Violation of a social play the great game of life. His convention and that made in perfect whole trust is upon the dramatic innocence is insufficient as a tragic monologue rather than upon dia- motif. Beneath the 'troubled sur- logue." face' of her crime we see as Thorold, Mr. Walter Pater says, "his is the just before his death 'a depth of poetry of situations. In each of the purity immovable.' Mertoun's cry dramatis personae one of the leading "Die Mildred! Leave characteristics is loyalty to a domi- Their honorable world to them! for God nant ideal. In the "Blot on the We're good enough, though the world 'Scutcheon" it is that of subservience cast us out." respectively to conventional morality Far greater error than hers lies and family pride."

THE SNOW RALPH G. FALLERT Last night the black trees mourned their ugliness To sympathetic winds, and bade them go In search of fitter raiment. The winds obeyed, And from ethereal marts brought ermine wraps of snow. 222 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

SPORTS JOSEPH P. SULLIVAN - CLIFFORD J. SOISSON

BASKETBALL The Varsity basketeers, displaying as fine a brand of basketball as has ever been seen in this district, have extended their winning streak to twelve games. The perfect team work and fine spirit which has been shown by every man on this year's varsity squad is responsible for the great record compiled thus far. A short resume of the games played to date follows: DUQUESNE VS. CARNEGIE TECH The outcome of this game was never doubtful from the moment the Dukes garnered the first point until the scoreboard read Duquesne 37 Carnegie 25. DUQUESNE VS. GENEVA In their next encounter, our boys conquered the strong Geneva quin- tet. The Dukes, by virtue of their superb team play, were able to pull away to a safe lead in the second half. The score: Duquesne 37, Geneva 31. DUQUESNE VS. WESTMINSTER Revenge is sweet. The Dukes avenged their only defeat of the sea- son by downing a stubborn Westminster team. Duquesne 28, West- minster 25. DUQUESNE VS. GENEVA For the second time within a week the Dukes took Geneva's measure. Duquesne 37, Geneva 27. DUQUESNE VS. WEST VIRGINIA West Virginia, displaying its best form of the season, was defeated by an ailing varsity. Duquesne 33, West Virginia 30. DUQUESNE VS. GROVE CITY The Dukes again showed their power by downing a strong Grove City team on its home floor. Duquesne 43, Grove City 25. DUQUESNE VS. PITT Hail to the City and District Champions! Duquesne for the second consecutive year has garnered the much-coveted title of city champion. In one of the most exciting games of Pittsburgh basketball history, the superb machine representing our school fought its way to a hard earned but well deserved victory. Pitt led by an 18 to 12 score at the half. Re- turning to the floor for the second half, our boys displayed the brilliant teamplay which is so characteristic of a Davies coached five. They suc- ceeded in overcoming Pitt's lead and forging ahead in the last few minutes of play by a 23 to 20 score. Pitt, however, assumed a lead of 24 to 23 with one minute to go. The Dukes, like real champions, fought and suc- ceeded in scoring the last goal of the game which caused the scoreboard to read. Duquesne 25, Pitt 24. 223 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

BOXING Coach Joe Miller has managed to keep his boxers well up in the Eastern Inter-Collegiate Conference standings. Our boys have won matches from Pitt and W. & J. by 4 to 3 scores. Strange to say, they have lost matches to Carnegie Tech and Temple by the same score. "SPEEDY" VITTULA The boxing team suffered a severe loss when Fred "Speedy" Vittula, clever little 115 lb. star, was forced to leave school in the second semester. "Speedy" ended his colorful collegiate boxing career by defeating his op- ponent in the Pitt match. He had won three of his four battles this season. We sincerely hope that success awaits you at every turn "Speedy." TENNIS Within the next week or two, depending entirely upon climatic condi- tions, the first call for tennis candidates will be issued. Coaches Sullivan, Boise and Smeaton have aspirations for a fine record this campaign, and wish to get an early start. Frank Casey will lead the racquet wielders in their conquests. Prospects for the approaching court encounters seem to be fairly bright. The greatest loss from last season's roster is ex-capt. Bullion. From the varsity of 1932, Captain Casey, Cliff Soisson and Bill Purcell remain. There were several excellent possibilities in the frosh team of last year, headed by Frank Serany, Roy Getty and Ed. Rowan. With the return of "Shag" Thompson, a star of several years back, the Red and Blue should boast one of the best balanced teams in the history of the school.

LET'S FACE FACTS EDWARD A. TAPPE ESPITE the many and fre- "everything's gonna be all right" and quent assurances to the con- the blinding of the eye and the mind Dtrary on the part of our windy to existing conditions will certainly financiers, politicians and industrial not remedy them. Millions of our leaders, the fact remains that the people, unable to secure work of even throes of the depression are becom- the meanest nature, are literally liv- ing more agonizing every day. Car- ing a hand-to-mouth existence, with loading figures, unemployment sta- its untold mental and physical suffer- tistics, price levels, bank and business ing. Millions of others are fast ap- failures, stock and bond quotations, proaching the time when their mea- speak a language much at variance gre savings will be exhausted and with brilliant statements given so they will be numbered among the much publicity in our newspapers to destitute. Wages and salaries of the effect that "the bottom has been those fortunate enough to be em- reached", and "a definite upturn is ployed are still being slashed with evident". the result that many workers are not Now let's face facts. God knows, even making a living wage. Hun- optimism is needed in these terrify- dreds of thousands of homes and ing times, but the mere hope that farms have been lost and are still 224 DUQUESNE MONTHLY being lost because of foreclosure thing just or equitable in an econom- through inability to meet principal ic system which permits the small and interest payments on mortgages minority to glut their bellies on the and to pay unbearable taxes. In- fat profits they have accrued through numerable life savings have been the labor of those who are now in wiped out because of bank failures want. What blind fools we are to and bond and stock values deprecia- think that any temporary measures tion. The path is being paved for such as are now being advocated can all kinds of sickness because of under- remedy our economic evils! What nourishment of our children; the if they do succeed in ending the pres- bodies of many of whom are already ent depression! Experience proves rotting away through the ravages of that just as sure as there is a God in tuberculosis. heaven, another such period will Oh, it's alright to hope and pray sooner or later follow. All the that these agonizing conditions will measures advanced so far by our in- soon end, but it's going to take ac- dustrial and commercial leaders to tion to end them. It's alright for end the existing crisis would penalize pompous, well-fed publishers, fin- the middle and poorer classes!—the anciers and manufacturers to preach sales tax, public construction pro- "courage" and "confidence", but grams, federal bond issues. The on- these qualities won't feed needy chil- ly lasting measure to insure uninter- dren. It's alright for Exchange Place rupted prosperity,—a more equitable magnates, bloated with the fruits of distribution of wealth,—is ignored. their bearish activities, to mouth "re- Increased taxes on the higher in- adjustment" and "natural result of comes is not even mentioned, and it a period of over-expansion and over- is heresy to think of increasing the speculation", but that won't give inheritance tax on bequests of mil- work to a people victimized by their lions,—yes, and tens of millions,— leaders. to relatives. And when a man does Again I say, let's face facts. Talk rise up in our congress chambers to all you will of over-production, un- recommend the consideration of a der - consumption, over - speculation, redistribution of wealth through such over-expansion, inflation and defla- means, his views are not even pre- tion, world currencies and markets, sented to the people by our news the roots of the present economic agencies who prefer to fatten on the panic go far deeper than any one or propaganda money of the advertisers all of these. Something is radically in their columns rather than present wrong with our whole economic sys- the truth to the people. tem. No one will ever cause me to Oh, the shame of it all that man admit, through dogma or physical has supplanted the kindness of Christ force, that there is anything just or with the selfishness of Lucifer; that equitable in an economic system which he reciprocates the generosity of his enables five per cent of the people to Creator with oppression of his fellow control fifty-five per cent of the man. wealth of a nation. Nothing under "Blow, blow thou winter's wind; the guise of morality or legality will Thou art not so unkind as man's in- ever convince me that there is any- gratitude". DUQtJESNE MONTHLY 22$

THE AFTERMATH JOSEPH. A. GAILLIOT

THE SECOND MRS. MALAPROP Mrs. Porpalam had been busily engaged for some time transfering high sounding words from Webster's dictionary into her memory. Her ambition was to crash the gates of society. She wished, therefore, to be in readiness when her golden opportunity arrived. It came all too soon. Her husband, the Mayor of the hamlet of was, one evening, filled with lead and died with his galoshes on. The insurance which his wife received was immense. When things quieted, she lost no time in becoming acquainted with society's more susceptible men. They urged her to come to the big city and taste of real stuff. With her impressive (!) vocabulary and excessive wealth she considered herself to be numbered among the elite. The suave Jorman Gibbs appealed to Mrs. Porpalam and he became her constant companion. One evening the two were seated on the cosy balcony of Mrs. Nollem, engaged in partial amorous conversation. "Dear you are the bane of my life," cooed Mrs. Porpalam. Changing the subject Jorman replied, "Don't you think the Repub- licans are far superior to the Democrats?" "Why Jorman don't be so erotic in your statements", billed his buxom widow-friend. Music from within reached their ears. "Jorman how attractively salu- brious the melodies sound. Should we not dance?" "Gladly", replied Jorman and he took her arm. "My rheumatic emotions are always irritated by such musicale", gig- gled Mrs. Porpalam into her partner's ear. "Many people are affected that way", ventured he. At the close of the dance number Mr. Gibbs introduced his social butterfly to some of his acquaintances. She desired to make an impression. "In my intensive travels," she began, "I have noted with due heart- felt apathy that the youth of today is imbibed with synthetical... . "Cynical my dear," silently corrected Jorman. . . . "ah I mean cynical sophistication." At this point one of the fair ladies fainted due to the slaughtering of the King's English. "Quickly", ordered Mrs. Propalam, "get the romantic spirits of pneu- monia." But it was too late. The creature passed out—and into eternity. Even to this day one hears Mrs. Porpalam relate how sorrowful she felt at the interment of the body. She tells, "As the casket was brought to and placed over the grave for interruption, I felt my days in society were at an end." They were. She then bursted into tears, as most women do, and the story has a wet finish. It can because prohibition is almost passe.

How does a kimono and a hand-break resemble each other? Give up! We put both on in a case of emergency. , 226 DUQUESNE MONTHLY RONALD GIRTH We have Ronald's mother to thank for the following incident. After a bridge party Mrs. Girth, as mothers do, desired to display her child's accomplishments. "Do you see those two cute chairs over there," began Mrs. Girth, "imagine Ronald made them out of his own head and he has enough wood left to make baby a little bench."

We have often heard that the animals present to man many a timely lesson. The ant has the reputation for teaching us the meaning of dili- gence, but what about the bee—watch out so you don't get stung . . . and of course you have heard about the co-ed who refused to see Animal Kingdom 'cause she detested wild animal pictures.

CRAZY LETTERS TO A B-I-G P-U-N-K Y G wiz didn't V C U with A B, that F T fellow. I think he has X C Lent taste in buying an E Z running S X. But one day his gas tank was M T when he arrived at the Science Building. As he approached the door a co-ed who had poison I V on her arm greeted him. He flirtingly said, "L O Q T." But as he entered the building whiffs of H2 S penetrated his nostrils. "P U," said he. ***** We believe there is another campus romance blossoming beside the one at the 4th Avenue Station. The other day we were meandering through town when we passed Kaufmann's window furniture display. There we espied a Duke and Dukess admiring the exhibit of modern furniture. And said the Dukess to the Duke, grabbing his arm, "Come over here and look at this suite." "You don't mean to tell me that cost $350. Dear huh?" said he. "I'll say it is dear," she replied. ***** The only mystery we can see in Kaufmann's 13 Mystery Rooms, is where could one secure enough money to furnish thirteen rooms in such style and then what could one do with thirteen rooms.

Ed Wynn's Best:- An amateur playwright, desiring to sell his "Masterpiece," took it to a director who had promised to pass on it. Reach- ing for the drama which lay on his desk, the director contracted, instead, the telephone directory and began absentmindedly to glance through its pages. In two minutes he looked up and said to the writer: "It's a pretty good play you have here, but there are too many characters in it."

The search for Duquesne's Baron Munschausen has progressed quite a bit during the last month. He was almost exposed by "Cozy" Dolan (of the Prep School Dolans) in a Latin class. When "Cozy" was about to disclose the Baron's identity, Don Murray interrupted with the rendition of "When The Moon Comes Over The Mountains," inspired, no doubt, by the sudden appearance on the scene of one of Duquesne's "late after- noon" Co-eds who is a vast likeness of Miss Smith of Radio fame. 227 DUQUESNE MONTHLY RETREAT EDWARD A. TAPPE I SUPPOSE we all have a favor- in all English literature. Discard ite book} one we have read and with all your other false notions the reread and of which we never idea that Grimm's Fairy Tales were grow tired. A play of Shakespeare written primarily for children. Such perhaps, or a novel of Dickens, or a an idea belongs with the ancient be- volume of Wordsworth. I have lief that the earth is flat. The 1 ales mine. It's an old, thick book bound were written for men and women as in what was once bright red cloth, much as Bacon's essays or Shake- The edges of the cover are worn speare's plays were; and they teach a through, revealing the frayed card- philosophy as clear if not as direct, board backing underneath. The For Grimm was a philosopher, a gold lettering on the front has be- great philosopher, and though the come practically obliterated through world may not accede him that title, constant handling, to such an extent the truths of life he taught were that the title can be made out only none the less great. I've found some with difficulty. The pages, colored of the happiest hours of my lifehw- a sickly-yellow by age, are untidy ing with Grimm in the world ot with finger marks. The edges of make-believe; the world of fairies many of the leaves are ragged, and where good always conquers evil, here and there a corner has come and where the real lives in the ideal, off through constant bending for When I'm depressed by the soberness markers. The binding has likewise of Dickens, or nauseated by the pa- weakened, and many of the leaves ganism of Lewis; when I'm tired of have come loose. The title of that the preachings of Pope, or disgusted staunch, loyal friend is, "Grimm's with the clever rot of Mencken, I Fairy Tales". love to get out my faithful Grimm, You're smiling I know, but really —ever so carefully now for that dear I'm not in my second childhood. If comrade is so old and worn,—and you haven't read Grimm since you bury a weary and discouraged mind were a child, if he is not a cherished in a life where only the good and friend of yours too, don't boast of it. virtuous live happily ever afterwards. You've missed one of the finest things GOD'S MINUTE I have only just a minute, Only sixty seconds in it, Forced upon me, can't refuse it, Didn't seek it, didn't choose it, But it's up to me to use it, I must suffer if I lose it, Give account if I abuse it, Just a tiny little minute— But Eternity is in it. —Selected 228 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

NEWS REVIEWS WILLIAM J. PURCELL

Considerable time during February was devoted to extra-curricular activities, with the usual number of pre-Lenten dances dominating the acti- vities schedule. The students were busy attending athletic events, too, with both the varsity basketball and boxing teams appearing at home quite a few times. March will likely be the occasion for some intensive studying, with the Lenten season precluding possibility of any extensive social affairs. The winter sports card will wane during the month, too, with the basketeers and mittmen finishing their schedules. The University "Adult Session, A School for Unemployed" was opened on Monday afternoon, February 27, in the Fitzsimmons Building, downtown division of the University. Dr. Albert Bayard Wright, dean of the School of Business Administration, is director. The school is designed to provide additional knowledge and culture for its students entirely without cost. Students must be 30 years of age or over, have had at least two years high school training and be certified as being unemployed and unable to pay by their pastor, former employer or any other responsible person or welfare group. The session will continue until May 13, with an intermission listed for the period from April 13 to April 19, inclusive. Fifteen courses of an academic nature are being given, three simultaneous two hour courses being offered each day from two to four o'clock in the afternoon. The Rev. Dr. Michael J. Brannigan, vice-president of the University, and dean of the Colleg of Arts and the Rev. Raymond V. Kirk, dean of the School of Education, are working with Dr. Wright as the committee in charge of the school. Faculty members are teaching, having volunteered their services. The "Adult Session" offers no credits toward college de- grees. The Duquesne Duke, weekly student newspaper, in its issue of Feb- ruary 9, announced the formation of the Catholic Action of Duquesne Uni- versity, a group organized for the study and propagation of Catholic Truth. The group took its first action immediately, by wiring Senator George W. Norris, chairman of the Judiciary committee of the United States Senate, of its opposition to the Hatfield birth control bill under considera- tion in Washington. Charles Connors, senior in the Colleg of Arts, was named president pro-tem of the organization, with Patrick R. Cullen vice-president and Miss Marydessie Blayney secretary. Committee heads are Miss Catherine King, Paul R. Coyle, Ralph G. Fallert and William J. Purcell. 229 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

Wilfred J. Mathewson, head of the University English department, is faculty advisor for the group. Professor Mathewson originally proposed the organization. The Rev. William E. O'Donnell, dean of men, is spiri- tual advisor. The second general assembly of the 1933 season of the Pittsburgh Con- ference of the Catholic Students Mission was held in the Campus Theatre on Sunday afternoon, February 12. Patrick R. Cullen, senior in the College of Arts and president of both the Pittsburgh Conference and the Duquesne Father Simon Unit, presided. The conference went on record as favoring Chicago as the site of the 1933 convention of the National C. S. M. C. The Rev. Thomas J. Mc- Carty, professor of philosophy here, and field secretary of the local group, spoke. Duquesne representatives at the gathering were Cullen, Charles Con- nors, Paul R. Coyle, Francis A. Glenn, Joseph G. Findlan and the writer. Findlan is secretary of the Pittsburgh conference. Since we can't talk at great length about each affair held during the past month, we're doing the rest of the column this way * * * Patrick Spine is the new president of the Evening School Association of the School of Business Administration * * * Elections were held early in the month. The third annual University prep school athletic dance was a February 2 event in the campus gymnasium * * * James Ryan was chairman * * * He's a junior * * * Charles Mullan was faculty advisor * * * The Women's Guild held regular monthly gathering on February 3 * * * Dr. Ignatius Hamel, professor of Education, spoke * * * His subject was "Human Per- sonality" * * * The freshman of the W. A. A. held tea dance in campus theatre on February 7. A Business Forum was organized in the School of Business Administra- tion last month * * * Joseph V. McCullough, of the school faculty, is advisor * * * The forum is designed to help acquaint students with business problems * * * The Debating Society held inter-member debates during month * * * Intercollegiate debating is promised for this month by Ed Waldman, president of the group * * * He says some matches have been arranged. Fraternities and sororities held initiations during month * * * We don't intend to name all initiation affairs * * * There were quite a few * * * With several dances listed * * * Students were interested in Newman Club affairs during February, too * * * And the W. A. A. held dance on February 27 * * * The Theatre of the Air is progressing * * * According to reports. The Music School held Radio Night on 21st * * * Miss Helen Mur- ray was in charge * * * Affair was in new Music Building * * * Monogram Club held dance in gymnasium on February 24 * * * That was the night of the Kappa Sigma Phi dance, too * * *And the Lambda Kappa Sigma sorority affair * * * The C. S. M. C. benefit soiree was held on February 28 * * * Charles Connors was chairman of latter * * * Affair was benefit for the Rev. Regis Guthrie, Puerto Rican missionary and Duquesne alum- nus * * * Red Masquers play writing contest is in progress. 230 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

THE SPIRIT OF LENT ANTHONY J. CHENOT

ENT is the most sacred sea- on the heads of all the faithful. son of the year. Its purpose Ashes that are dead are mingled with Lis to give us new life; for, those that are still living. The sen- this is at once the essence and the tence of death, which God once pro- goal of Christian piety—divine life nounced over mankind, is pronounced as Christ has given it to the world anew over every one of the faithful. through His suffering in the arduous Lent, indeed, is to be the heroic battle against darkness. Lent is in- progress through the purifying fire tended to be the renewal of Chris- of penance. On Ash-Wednesday, tian life and the Church's forty days the faithful take up their position on retreat. Animated by the spirit of the Christian battlefield. Our life God, we go with Christ into a mys- is a warfare. Just as the sky has its tical solitude and fast with Him. storm-clouds, and the sea its gales, This is done without leaving our so the life of man has its trials. every day occupation. This warfare taxes our strength in Historically considered, the pur- many ways. There is our daily work pose of Lent was not fasting, but an with its heavy and, at times, dulling immediate preparation for the Chris- monotony. There are deep-seated tian life. For the ancient Christians, dissatisfactions within us that must it was a renewal of this life, by be overcome, together with certain prayers, penance, and good works. persistent and odious temptations. Lent, still, has its purpose— the re- The evil habits which we have con- newal of the Christian life, and fast- tracted, our temperament, our fallen ing prescribed as a good work . Pen- nature, and our own peculiar emo- ance for sin must be one of the fore- tions, give rise to severe combats most features of Lent. within the soul. Yet, we must not Ash-Wednesday ushers in the lose heart. We turn to Christ. He Lenten Season. "Remember, O man, is the example in life's battle. In thou art dust and to dust thou shalt union with Him, we fight the good return." The blessing of the ashes fight and with His very weapons: is a very serious blessing. Formerly, fasting and prayer. Such is the spirit only the public sinners were sprin- of Lent. kled with ashes; now they are placed

Look to your health and if you have it, praise God, and value it next to a good conscience. —Walton 231 DUQUESNE MONTHLY

EXCHANGES JOSEPH G. TRAGESER

St. Vincent's College Journal is our first choice this month. H. Jacob Arntz has two promising short stories: "Crazy Pierre" and "Two Stormy Nights." The stories differ in so many respects that only the name under the title of each assures us of the identity of authorship. They have this in common, however j both are literary and purposeful. Karl Van Lyke died of fright during a thunderstorm. He and a fellow newspaper-man whom he hated to unhuman bounds spent a fateful day years ago in Africa. His fellow, Carlaisle, had fallen ill of malaria and opportunity presented itself to get him out of the way with at least some show of propriety. The sick man speaks, "Karl, if you are on the level, I want to thank you and apologize; if you aren't, if you don't come back with the quinine, if you leave me to the mercy of the African wilds, I swear I'll come and settle with you—on such a night as this!"—That was a stormy night and Van- Lyke ever after feared such storms. That's why he was found dead in the office of the New York Sun, his Paper. This is a very poor summary of "Two Stormy Nights." You owe it to yourself to read the whole story, obtainable on the Exchange Shelf in the January St. Vincent's Journal. "Crazy Pierre" is a clever illustration of the power of sympathy. Every- one thinks Pierre is crazy but one who has also been fooled by Nanette. Unlike Gracey, she has a brother and a father. Carl J. Wileshal makes several successful attempts at free verse. We think "Tears" is his best. Sparkling Laughter, hidden fears, Ebonied despair Are mirrored there . .. But all the tears Of human woe Since human woe began— The tears of anguish man Shall weep as long as men shall come and go— Will always be As lifeless drops of rain Compared to tears once shed for me Upon a road of pain Frank Kinsey has our sympathy. He is the author of "You Will Write Themes." Freshman gets D for his masterpiece. Please supply other atmosphere as need arises. We want to quote. "It is one thing to get a D and it is another thing to have it "rubbed in." I saw the profes- sor's unholy glee when he wrote the following in red ink: "Industry commendable . . . grammar faultless, but theme suffers from juvenile im- maturity. Don't rush your narrative, thus destroying necessary suspense. Too much blood and thunder . . . your sunset is too conspicuously 'literary' ¿32 bÜQÜESNE MONTHLY

.... Let the brooks babble, who cares? Those pines got tired of sighing long agoj let them do something else! Your dream girl, model 1932 de luxe, is little more than a shadow of reality." So the author sought re- venge by exerting no effort whatever on his next theme. Student awaiting results. Prof aiming to please. "One (story) is so exceptionally brilliant that I am reserving a whole (hour next Tuesday for its discussion. Genius must be inborn. This ends our review of St. Vincent's Journal and if we have pre- viously kicked it in the shins we are pleased now to pat it on the back. We are pleased to have received the "Yale Literary Magazine." "Birthday Celebration" by Charles Seymour is a scholarly discussion of the question: "Is American painting 'national'?" The author concludes that it is not. An excellent piece, from the realist's point of view, is "Bank Failure" by Gerrit P. Judd. We would have admired J. W. A. much more if he had spoken his true mind by condemning the trashy novel he reviewed. He calls it "interesting" although he does say, "There may be an unhealthy interest in the morbid!" We don't believe that so unhealthful a view of life as the book he reviews contains can even be called interesting. Literature is life; not death. And such books as this are slow poison. An editorial on the "College Plan" at Yale to "enable the submerged individual to assert himself and play a more active role in the collegiate world" contains a worthwhile thought. "The forgotten man, in general, is not sorry for himself. ... He has his friends, his studies, his minor activ- ities. He has a pride in being a member of Yale as a whole. . ." And so we leave the sedate looking "Yale Literary Magazine." "The Lorettine" is next. The winner of the national Kappa Gamma Phi short story contest is "The Coat" by E. A. Christman. This is from the Short Story number of the Lorettine, which contains a heap of informa- tion on this type of writing. Ann is the "young thing" who is anxiously waiting for word from her husband begging her to come back to him. She finally, after some time, received the following note from him: "It seems I can't live without you after all. Don't you want your ring back? Have tea with me on May Day and maybe we can exchange hostages—I give you your ring and you give me yourself." ... He gave the name and address of the restaurant and then characteristically he added a postscript: "Are you as beautiful as ever, darling?" That postscript spoiled it all. Ann could be beautiful if she had the clothes and a few other accessories too well known to mention. Above all she must get rid of that ragged coat. After a short period of feverish working and saving she resigned her job at the store and was all prepared to rejoin her husband. The query of the cabman, "Where to," stopped her dead. She didn't remember and had left the note in the ragged coat she gave away. As she sat crying in her room she remembered part of the note from her husband: "If this bargain appeals to you, I'll see you May Day at four. If not—so long, Ann." "Wheels That Pass in the Night" by Rose Mary Corley is another good story, of the short-short variety, that affords pleasant reading. We quote the three last Stanzas of "A Fable" by Margaret McCabe. 233 DUQUESNE MONTHLY The entire poem is good and we think it original. It might have been en- titled "How We Get Our Game Of Cards." The one who sought for riches, As a Diamond he is known. And the Prince of strength and power As a Club now makes his moan. The Jack of Hearts and family Are in favor as before, And the honest Spade is highest In the game's most ancient lore. But forgotten is the Princess Of this brief but bloody story, Unknown her mighty shekels, And unsung her golden glory. Fordham Monthly. John J. Burke has seen his share of the movies, at least he says so. And, therefore, "Going to the Movies" has weight. The author is not too harshly critical of this curse that should be a blessing. He brings to witness all the good points he can find and ends with the following: "The motion picture has its mistakes, too many of them. But its followers will continue to persevere, trying to overlook the weak points, deliberately avoiding and condemning the immoral slips in the faint hope that once in a while will come a production that is worthy of so perfect a medium." Apropos, we would say that a certain Pittsburgh literary and dramatic critic is to be congratulated on his steady stand against the vicious influences of the screen. William Coleman states a truth attractively in "Revivescence." Oh, lingering echo of Divinity! By which Man, phoenix-like, again can rise From out the darkened ways which he has trod. . . . And now, "The Holy Cross Purple," always first-rate in literary merit. If you find time, read any issue of the "Purple". We quote from the February. The editorial under consideration is a veritable barrage against Modernism: "Realism, so called, is the prevailing school of writing. Man, unadorned, stripped naked of conventions, stark, strong with the strength of the primordial savage, independent of master—this is the picture which most realists set up as their model. . . The underlying philosophy of these writers, more erroneous than the mediaeval conception of a flat surfaced world, is the antiquated idea that the strong sinner is the strong man, that the person who had the audacity to shatter the tables of the ten commandments, is a giant in the powers of his convictions Modern realists like Rupert Hughes have gone to amazing lengths to vilify ideal pictures of heroes like Washington. And others like Arthur Weigall have turned themselves topsy-turvy in the effort to beautify pigs like Nero. . . . The amusing point, which seems to escape the logical, clear- thinking modern mind, is that these "heroes" can not fulfill the first re- quisite of their roles. Driven by every gust of animality that blows over their souls, tossed helplessly about in every mental storm, they grovel through life without ever daring to put the iron on their own souls, to har- ness their brute instincts, to conquer themselves." We acknowledge the receipt of the Setonian and the Xavier. DRINK BREAKFAST CHEER COFFEE "THE FINEST COFFEE MONEY CAN BUY"

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