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The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist Grades 6-8 ® The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist ublic attention was captured in May 2018, when the Hawaiian volcano Kīlauea erupted with rivers of lava that flowed through Leilani Estates and other nearby Pneighborhoods. Your students may have seen videos of hot lava covering roads, destroying homes, or reaching the ocean with clouds of hot steam. You can capitalize on their interest by using data from this real-world event. In these middle school lessons, students take on the role of volcanologists in order to analyze geologic data about the May 2018 eruption of Kīlauea and provide recommendations for mitigating its harmful effects. ANCHORING PHENOMENON A new eruption of Hawai‘i’s Kīlauea volcano began in early May 2018 following changes in geologic activity. The eruption produced volcanic hazards that affected residents of the area and changed the landscape of the island. GUIDING QUESTION How do scientists monitor volcanoes in order to predict hazards and keep the public safe? Image Credit: Nurhadi Cahyono / Unsplash Developed by Learning in Motion, 2018 2 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist OBJECTIVES • Lesson 0 - Identify different types of volcanoes and describe their characteristics. • Lesson 1 - Analyze and interpret geologic data in order to predict changes in volcanic activity and make safety recommendations. - Map the hazards of volcanic activity on the island of Hawai‘i. - Construct oral and written arguments, supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning, to support an explanation for predictions about volcanic activity. • Lesson 2 - Analyze data from maps, graphs, and photos of the May 2018 Kīlauea volcano eruption to describe patterns, determine which areas are at risk, and make safety recommendations. - Use cause and effect relationships to predict the phenomena associated with volcanic eruptions. - Construct oral and written arguments, supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning, to support an explanation for volcanic activities, and provide recommendations for mitigating the harmful effects of an eruption. • Final Project: Hazard Response Plan - Produce a Hazard Response Plan that addresses the monitoring, predictions, and recommended responses to two hazards resulting from the May 2018 eruption of Kīlauea. Image Credit: Nurhadi Cahyono / Unsplash Image Credit: Tyler Lastovich / Unsplash Developed by Learning in Motion, 2018 3 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist Standards Next Generation Science Standards MS-ESS3-2 Earth and Human Activity • Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. Science and Engineering Practice 4 Analyzing and Interpreting Data • Analyze and interpret data to determine similarities and differences in findings and to provide evidence for phenomena. Science and Engineering Practice 7 Engaging in Argument from Evidence • Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. Science and Engineering Practice 8 Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information • Integrate qualitative scientific and technical information in written text with that contained in media and visual displays to clarify claims and findings. Disciplinary Core Idea ESS3.B Natural Hazards • Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Crosscutting Concept 1 Patterns • Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. Crosscutting Concept 2 Cause and Effect • Cause and effect relationships may be used to predict phenomena in natural or designed systems. Connections to the Nature of Science Science Addresses Questions About the Natural and Material World • Scientific knowledge can describe the consequences of actions but does not necessarily prescribe the decisions that society takes. Image Credit: Nurhadi Cahyono / Unsplash Developed by Learning in Motion, 2018 4 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Grade 6, Science, 6.2.E Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student is expected to analyze data to formulate reasonable explanations, communicate valid conclusions supported by data, and predict trends. Grade 6, Science, 6.3 Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student uses critical thinking, scientific reasoning, and problem solving to make informed decisions. Grade 6, Science, 6.3.B Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student is expected to use models to represent aspects of the natural world. Grade 7, Science, 7.2.E Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student is expected to analyze data to formulate reasonable explanations, communicate valid conclusions supported by the data, and predict trends. Scientific Investigation and Reasoning Grade 7, Science, 7.3 • The student uses critical thinking, scientific reasoning, and problem solving to make informed decisions. Grade 7, Science, 7.3.B Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student is expected to use models to represent aspects of the natural world. Grade 8, Science, 8.2.E Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student is expected to analyze data to formulate reasonable explanations, communicate valid conclusions supported by the data, and predict trends. Grade 8, Science, 8.3 Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student uses critical thinking, scientific reasoning, and problem solving to make informed decisions. Grade 8, Science, 8.3.B Scientific Investigation and Reasoning • The student is expected to use models to represent aspects of the natural world. Florida Next Generation Sunshine State Standards for Science Grade 6, SC.6.E.7.4 Differentiate and show interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Grade 8, SC.8.N.4.1 Explain that science is one of the processes that can be used to inform decision making at the community, state, national, and international levels. Grade 8, SC.8.E.5.10 Assess how technology is essential to science for such purposes as access to outer space and other remote locations, sample collection, measurement, data collection and storage, computation, and communication of information. Grades 6–8, SC.68. Interpret writings and/or communications which use developmentally appropriate terminology. CS-PC.2.7 Grade 6–8, SC.68. Identify resources such as city, state, and federal government websites and explain that these CS-PC.3.5 resources can be used for communication between citizens and government. Image Credit: Nurhadi Cahyono / Unsplash Developed by Learning in Motion, 2018 5 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist THE 5Es In Lesson 0, students engage with the topic of volcanoes by sorting a set of volcanoes into categories and making observations to describe volcano characteristics. They then explore in Lesson 1 by analyzing scientific data from the days prior to the Kīlauea eruption in 2018. Students use this data to explain their predictions and safety recommendations to their partner or team and in class discussion. In Lesson 2, students elaborate on their understandings by analyzing additional data and continuing to make predictions and safety recommendations as the eruption progresses. As an evaluation, students work with their partner or team to devise a Hazard Response Plan in a format of their choosing that addresses the hazards of the 2018 Kīlauea eruption. Image Credit: Nurhadi Cahyono / Unsplash Developed by Learning in Motion, 2018 6 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The Kīlauea Volcano: Be a Volcanologist RESOURCES USGS Kīlauea Multimedia This page within the USGS Volcano Hazards Program website Websites provides photo and video chronology of the May 2018 USGS About Volcanoes eruption of Kīlauea volcano. The latest photos and videos are posted with explanations, and an archive search features This page on the United States Geological Survey’s Volcano provides access to previous media. Hazards Program website provides background information about volcanoes, including definitions, scientific explanations, IRIS Measuring Deformation and Tilt with GPS and basic statistics. IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) is a USGS Volcano Hazards Program group of institutions that gathers, manages, and distributes The United States Geological Survey’s Volcano Hazards data about earthquakes and related hazards such as Program monitors and studies volcanoes, conducts research, volcanic activity. Its website offers a variety of educational and communicates findings and alerts to authorities and the resources, including this deformation animation that public. The website provides news, activity alerts, warnings, demonstrates how tiltmeters and GPS can be used to monitor monitoring information, multimedia, and more. Focus is on deformation on a volcano. volcanoes within the United States. Hawai‘i County Civil Defense Alert Archive Smithsonian
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