Netherlands country note October 2018

Where are the skills imbalances? Abilities In the Netherlands, several Skills and Knowledge areas 0.40 are in shortage and many of these imbalances are more intense than in the average of the OECD. Shortages in 0.20 medical-related Knowledge areas of Psychology,

Therapy and Counselling, and Medicine and Dentistry 0.00 are more pervasive than in the average of the OECD, while most Skills areas are in large shortage. The -0.20 Netherlands also faces shortages in Verbal and Reasoning Abilities. OECD Netherlands -0.40

Skills shortages occur when the skills sought by employers are not available in the pool of potential recruits, whereas skills surpluses occur Memory Endurance

when the supply of certain skills is higher than the demand for them. Attentiveness Visual Abilities Visual Verbal Abilities Verbal The OECD Skill Needs Indicators measure the degree of shortage Spatial Abilities Physical Strength Reasoning Abilities (positive values) and surpluses (negative values) for a range of Abilities Perceptual dimensions, such as Skills, Abilities, and Knowledge areas. Results are Quantitative Abilities presented on a scale that ranges between -1 and +1. The maximum Fine Manipulative Abilities value reflects the strongest shortage observed across OECD (31) Movement Abilities Control countries and skills dimensions Auditory and Speech Abilities Reaction Time and Speed Abilities Flexibility, Balance and Coordination Flexibility, Skills 0.40

0.20

0.00

OECD Netherlands

-0.20 Repairing Instructing Installation Persuasion Negotiation Coordination Programming Troubleshooting Systems Analysis Systems Time Management Time Technology Design Technology ServiceOrientation Systems EvaluationSystems Operations Analysis Operations EquipmentSelection OperationMonitoring SocialPerceptiveness Operationand Control Quality Control Analysis QualityControl EquipmentMaintenance Judgmentand Decision Making ManagementMaterialof Resources ManagementFinancialof Resources ManagementPersonnelof Resources Knowledge areas

0.70

0.35

0.00

OECD Netherlands

-0.35 Design Clerical Biology Physics Fine Arts Chemistry Geography Mechanical Psychology Transportation Food Production Sales and Marketing Telecommunications Law and Government Education and Training Medicine and Dentistry History and Archaeology Mathematics Knowledge Therapy and Counselling Philosophy and Theology Building and Construction Public Safety and Security Production and Processing Production Computers and Electronics Economics and Accounting Communications and Media Sociology and Anthropology Customer and Personal Service Administration and Management Personnel and Human Resources Engineering, Mechanics and Technology

SKILLS FOR JOBS - NETHERLANDS © OECD 2018 Netherlands country note October 2018

2% 10% 9% 0% 6% 12% 6% 1% 10% Where are the jobs in high-demand in your country? 100% 90% 18% 31% In the Netherlands, 8 out of 10 jobs facing skill shortage are 80% 18% 26% 30% 40% 21% 41% in occupations requiring high-skills. Demand for medium- 70% 42% 60% and low skilled occupations are relative low compared to the 50% 40% 80% OECD average, standing at 18% and 2% of the total of jobs 73% 69% 69% 67% 64% 30% 54% 58% that are hard-to-fill respectively. 20% 49% 10% 0%

OECD France Austria Germany Belgium High-skilled workers refer to ISCO occupational groups 1-3, medium-skilled Netherlands Luxembourg Switzerland to group 4-8 and low-skilled to group 9. Data refers to latest year available. United Kingdom

High skill Medium skill Low skill W h i c h s e c t o r s f a c e t h e l a r g e s t Sector indicators occupational shortages? Human Health and Social Work Activities Education Human Health and Social Worker activities as Arts, Entertainment and Recreation well as the Education sectors are facing the Information and Communication most acute occupational shortages in the Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities Other Service Activities Netherlands. The sectors with the largest Financial and Insurance Activities surpluses are Transportation and Storage and Public Administration and Social Security Agriculture, Forestry And Fishing Wholesale, Retail, Trade and Motor Repair. Accommodation and Food Service Activities Real Estate Activities Administrative and Support Service Activities Mining and Quarrying Sector shortages occur when firms struggle to find Electricity and Energy Supply; Waste Management appropriate talent. Surplus arises when the supply of Manufacturing workers in that sector exceeds demand. Results are Construction presented on a scale that ranges between -1 and + 1 . The Wholesale, Retail, Trade and Motor Repair maximum value reflects the strongest shortage observed Transportation and Storage across countries, sectors and skills dimensions. -0.40 -0.30 -0.20 -0.10 0.00 0.10 0.20

How is the alignment of talent to job requirements? Qualification mismatch describes a situation for Almost 4 out of 10 workers in the Netherlands are either over- or under-qualified for which a worker has qualifications that exceed (over- the work that they are doing. In the Netherlands, over 50% of graduates in the fields qualified) or does not meet (under-qualified) the ones of Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics, Arts and Humanities, and generally required for the job. Field-of-study mismatch arises when workers are employed in a Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries and Veterinary work in a job different from the field different field from what they have specialised in they specialised in (field-of-study mismatch). through their education.

Qualification mismatch Field-of-study mismatch

Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics

Arts and Humanities

Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries and Veterinary Education

63% 12% 25% ICT

Service

Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction

Social Sciences, Journalism, Business Administration, Law

Health and Welfare Matched Overqualified Underqualified 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Useful links

Mismatch dataset – http://dotstat.oecd.org//Index.aspx?QueryId=77595 Skill needs dataset – http://dotstat.oecd.org//Index.aspx?QueryId=77642 Skills for Jobs webpage – https://www.oecdskillsforjobsdatabase.org

Further information Contact

Data for skill imbalances, sector imbalance and qualification and field-of-study OECD Skills and Employability Division, Directorate for Employment, Labour and mismatch refer to year 2015. Social Affairs See also: OECD (2017), Getting Skills Right: The OECD Skills for Jobs * [email protected] Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/ @OECD Social 10.1787/9789264277878-en

SKILLS FOR JOBS - NETHERLANDS © OECD 2018