transit, particularly if developed with higher Around 40,000 workers commute into densities, mixed-uses, and pedestrian- Dane County from seven adjacent friendly designs. While most of the existing counties, according to 2006-2008 American peripheral centers have not been designed Community Survey (ACS) data. Of these, in this fashion, plans for many of the new about 22,600 commuted to the city of centers are more transit-supportive. These Madison. The number of workers commuting include the new UW Research Park on into Dane County represented about a 33% Madison’s west side, the GreenTech Village increase compared to 2000. While the 2006- and McGaw Neighborhood areas in the City 2008 and 2000 data sources aren’t directly of Fitchburg, and the Westside Neighborhood comparable, the numbers are consistent on the City of Sun Prairie’s southwest side. with past trends from decennial Census data. “Reverse commuting” from Dane Figure 6 shows the existing and planned County to adjacent counties did not show future major employment/activity centers the same increase. Around 8,400 commuted along with their projected 2035 employment. to adjacent counties, about the same as in The map illustrates the natural east-west 2000. Figure 7 shows work trip commuting to corridor that exists, within which future high- and from Dane County. capacity rapid transit service could connect many of these centers. Around 62,600 workers commuted to the city of Madison from other Dane County Commuting – Where We Work and communities in 2009, according to U.S. Census Longitudinal Employer-Household How We Get There Dynamics (LEHD) program data. This number is consistent with and somewhat higher than The growth of major employment and the 60,000 in 2000 reported from decennial commercial retail centers on the periphery Census data. The increase in commuting into of the Madison area has resulted in a more Madison continues past trends. However, dispersed work travel pattern. While the the rate of increase has slowed since 1990 downtown Madison/UW-Madison campus as other communities have attracted more area remains by far the largest employment employment. Figure 8 shows the percentage center, there has been very little net increase of workers in Dane County communities in employment in the area over the past two commuting to the city of Madison. decades. As a result, a lower percentage of trips are destined for the central Madison area.
As previously mentioned, growth in Dane County and city of Madison employment has outpaced the growth in the resident labor force and this trend is expected to continue. The same trend has occurred in the cities of Middleton and Monona, though the numbers are much smaller. The labor force from surrounding counties and communities fills the gap in workers by commuting into the county and Madison area on a daily basis.
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25 2035 Regional Transportation Plan Update March 2012 According to 2007-2009 ACS data, 63% of percentage of commuters that drove alone city of Madison residents and 73% of all dropping from 74.1% to 72.6% and the Dane County residents drove alone to work, percentage of commuters that took public while a total of 33% of city residents and transit, carpooled, and bicycled increasing. 23% of all county residents carpooled, took However, only the decrease in drive alone public transportation, bicycled or walked. commuting and increase in bicycling were The percentage of city of Madison workers within the margin of error. The shift is likely that drove alone to work is significantly due in part to the increase in gasoline prices, higher (71%), reflecting the high numbers of which spiked in 2008. The number of new commuters from out of the city and county. carpoolers enrolled in the Madison Area TPB’s Rideshare Etc. Program spiked in 2008. The Table 11 shows the mode of transportation continued increase in Metro Transit ridership to work for city of Madison and Dane County and bicycle traffic counts on city of Madison residents and workers by place of work. bike paths corroborates the relatively small The percentage of city of Madison residents but still significant shift in commuting that drove alone decreased from 65% in behavior since 2000. 2000 to 63% in 2007-2009, the percentage taking public transit increased from 7.2% to The percentage of commuters using 8.2%, and the percentage bicycling increased alternative transportation is much higher from 3.2% to 4.5%. The same trend was for those who live and work in the greater true for all Dane County residents with the Isthmus area. According to 2005-2009 ACS
Table 11 Means of Transportation to Work
Residents of City of Madison and All of Dane County City of Madison Dane County Mode Number Percent Margin of Error Number Percent Margin of Error Drive Alone 85,253 63.3% +/- 2,107 198,680 72.6% +/- 2,614 Car/Vanpool 12,917 9.6% +/- 1,269 27,401 10.0% +/- 1,832 Public Transit 11,101 8.2% +/- 1,080 12,627 4.6% +/- 1,156 Bicycle 6,073 4.5% +/- 933 6,905 2.5% +/- 988 Walk 14,223 10.6% +/- 1,431 16,276 5.9% +/- 1,439 Taxicab 200 0.1% +/- 108 272 0.1% +/- 127 Motorcycle 411 0.3% +/- 177 801 0.3% +/- 237 Other 442 0.3% +/- 241 1,000 0.4% +/- 306 Work at Home 3,964 2.9% +/- 533 9,755 3.6% +/- 720 Total 134,584 - +/- 1,993 273,717 - +/- 2,440 City of Madison and All of Dane County Workers City of Madison Dane County Mode Number Percent Margin of Error Number Percent Margin of Error Drive Alone 140,542 70.6% +/- 2,829 228,459 73.8% +/- 3,081 Car/Vanpool 21,373 10.7% +/- 1,414 33,274 10.7% +/- 1,950 Public Transit 12,154 6.1% +/- 1,081 12,790 4.1% +/- 1,135 Bicycle 5,882 3.0% +/- 903 6,909 2.2% +/- 992 Walk 14,068 7.1% +/- 1,335 16,437 5.3% +/- 1,341 Taxicab 155 0.1% +/- 107 248 0.1% +/- 119 Motorcycle 529 0.3% +/- 177 865 0.3% +/- 235 Other 533 0.3% +/- 248 864 0.3% +/- 300 Work at Home 3,964 2.0% +/- 533 9,755 3.2% +/- 720 Total 199,200 - +/- 3,012 309,601 - +/- 2,850
Source: 2007-2009 American Community Survey (ACS) 3-Year Estimates
26 2035 Regional Transportation Plan Update March 2012
data, only 42% of residents living in this area (encompassing Census Tracts 9, 11-13, 16- General Travel Characteristics of the Dane 21, 32) drove alone to work, while 14% took County Region public transit, 9% bicycled, and 27% walked to work. More recent data by workplace Of course, people travel for many other geography is unavailable, but in 2000 only reasons than to get to and from work. In fact, 54% of those working in the downtown/UW- over half of the trips taken in Dane County are Madison campus area drove alone to work for family/personal reasons or for shopping while 13% carpooled, 11% took public transit, and errands according to the 2001 National 5% bicycled, and 16% walked. Household Transportation Survey (NHTS). Work trips accounted for only 16% of the The average travel time to work for city of trips taken. Figure 9 shows the trip purpose Madison and all Dane County residents was distribution for all person trips in Dane 18.6 minutes and 20.3 minutes respectively, County based on the 2001 NHTS data.
Table 12 Travel Time to Work for Workers 16 Years and Over Dane County City of Madison Travel Time Number Percent Number Percent < than 10 min. 40,357 15.3% 20,104 15.4% 10 - 14 min. 47,096 17.8% 28,257 21.6% 15 - 19 min. 49,343 18.7% 27,351 20.9% 20 - 24 min. 49,363 18.7% 24,686 18.9% 25 - 29 min. 20,452 7.7% 8,407 6.4% 30 - 34 min. 29,881 11.3% 11,603 8.9% 35 - 44 min. 11,185 4.2% 3,517 2.7% 45 - 59 min. 8,546 3.2% 3,277 2.5% > than 60 min. 7,739 2.9% 3,418 2.6% TOTAL 263,962 - 130,620 -
Source: 2007 - 2009 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates
according to 2007-2009 ACS data. Travel times for workers who drove alone were slightly The majority of all trips taken in the region shorter while average travel times for those are made by a personal motor vehicle, who took public transit were substantially although the region does accommodate more longer—28.1 minutes for city of Madison trips by transit, bicycling, walking and car/ residents and 30.1 minutes for all Dane vanpooling than most comparable regions in County residents. Table 12 shows the travel the country. Additionally, walking, bicycling time to work for city of Madison and all Dane and transit use is much higher in the city of County residents. Madison than in Dane County as a whole. Figure 10 shows the mode of travel for all person trips in the city of Madison and the rest of Dane County according to the 2001 NHTS data.
27 2035 Regional Transportation Plan Update March 2012 The dominance of the automobile as the mode Figure 9 of travel for most trips, particularly non-work Trip Purpose Distribution or school trips, is reflected by the increasing All Person Trips in Dane County auto ownership rates in the county. The ratio Work Related Family/Personal of motor vehicle registrations to persons of 16% 35% driving age (16+) in Dane County was 0.91 in Social/ 2010 compared to 0.50 in 1970. The ratio was Recreational somewhat lower for persons residing in the 19% greater Isthmus area (0.67 in 2000). Table 13 shows the number of vehicles available per School Related household in the city of Madison and for all Shopping/ Errand 7% 23% of Dane County, according to 2007-2009 ACS Source: 2001 National Household Transportation Survey (Dane County data. add-on sample)
Figure 10
Mode of Travel for All Person Trips Mode of All Travel for All Person Trips City of Madison Rest of Dane County
Walk Public Transit (bus, school bus, 14% Private Auto Walk Public Transit 80% taxi) 7% Private Auto (bus, school bus, 2% 90% taxi) Bicycle 3% 1%
Bicycle 3%
Source: 2001 National Household Transportation Survey (Dane County add-on sample)
Table 13 Vehicle Availability per Household City of Madison Dane County Number Percent Number Percent No vehicle available 11,660 12.0% 14,849 7.6% 1 vehicle available 41,308 42.3% 69,435 35.6% 2 vehicles available 34,698 35.6% 79,439 40.7% 3 vehicles available 6,977 7.2% 23,091 11.8% 4+ vehicles available 2,916 3.0% 8,231 4.2% Source: 2007-2009 American Community Survey (ACS)
28 2035 Regional Transportation Plan Update March 2012