Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Appendix D

Thematic review

The Wash SMP2 - Di - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Contents Page

D1 Introduction 1

D2 Method 1 D2.1 Identification of features 1 D2.2 Area of search 2 D2.2.1 Primary area of search 2 D2.2.2 Dividing primary area of search into units 2 D2.2.3 Secondary area of search 3 D2.2.4 Upstream extent of SMP on rivers 3 D2.3 Generic grouping of features 5 D2.4 Features common to the whole Wash SMP area 5 D2.4.1 Nature conservation designations (SACs, SPAs, SSSIs and Ramsar sites) 5 D2.4.2 National Nature Reserves 6 D2.4.3 Good grade agriculture 6 D2.4.4 Shell fisheries 6 D2.4.5 The Wash and Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) 6

D3 Generic reasons for analysis of features within tables 7 D3.1 Potential to affect SMP policy 7 D3.2 Benefits of feature/Why is the issue important 7 D3.3 Scale (local, regional, national or international) 7 D3.4 Issue type/theme 8 D3.5 Is there enough of the benefit provided by the feature? 8 D3.6 Potential for substitution of the feature 8 D3.7 Objectives for that feature 9

D4 Commentary on SMP units and their features 10 D4.1 Unit 1 - Gibraltar Point to Wrangle 10 D4.1.1 Primary area of search 10 D4.1.2 Secondary area of search 10 D4.2 Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston 11 D4.2.1 Primary area of search 11 D4.2.2 Secondary area of search 11 D4.3 Unit 3 – Boston to Fosdyke 11 D4.3.1 Primary area of search 11 D4.3.2 Secondary area of search 12 D4.4 Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven 12 D4.4.1 Primary area of search 12 D4.4.2 Secondary area of search 13 D4.5 Unit 5 – Fleet Haven to Guy’s Head 13 D4.5.1 Primary area of search 13 D4.5.2 Secondary area of search 14 D4.6 Unit 6 – Sutton Bridge to River Great Ouse 14

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D4.6.1 Primary area of search 14 D4.6.2 Secondary area of search 15 D4.7 Unit 7 – River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek 15 D4.7.1 Primary area of search 15 D4.7.2 Secondary area of search 16 D4.8 Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp 17 D4.8.1 Primary area of search 17 D4.8.2 Secondary area of search 18 D4.9 Unit 9 – Snettisham Scalp to Old Hunstanton 18 D4.9.1 Primary area of search 18 D4.9.2 Secondary area of search 19

D5 Issues and objectives table 20

D6 Issues and objectives table – historic environment addendum 219

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D1 Introduction

The role of the theme review in the SMP process is explained in appendix A. The theme review is a basic element in the second stage of the SMP. It identifies all features so order that feature-specific objectives can be determined. Identifying issues and their specific objectives at this stage provides a basis for reviewing and agreeing larger-scale policy appraisal objectives with stakeholders, which will subsequently inform policy development.

D2 Method

D2.1 Identification of features

Features were identified as any tangible physical object identified from Ordnance Survey (OS) maps (OS Landranger 122, 131 and 132) or aerial photography (local live website; www.maps.live.com), or any political feature that applies to the Wash and that is relevant to the SMP (for example land- based designations). This is complemented by local knowledge including feedback from CSG members, stakeholders and public information events. Significant discrete objects were identified as features in their own right, whereas scattered features of a similar nature were collectively identified as a feature. For example, built properties that did not make up a discrete settlement were in many instances identified as a single feature “built properties within SMP unit”.

After identifying features, the following information was found for each, and presented in a tabular form:

• issue associated with feature • potential to affect SMP policy • benefits of feature/why is the issue important • scale (local, regional, national or international) • issue type/theme • is there enough of the benefit provided by the feature? • potential for substitution of the feature • objectives for that feature.

The ultimate aim of the above was to determine the objective of the feature so this can be used as a basis for developing policy appraisal objectives later on in stage 2 of the SMP.

Following public consultation an addendum to the original tables was produced to reflect additional information received on the historic environment within the SMP area. This additional information was also incorporated where necessary into the policy appraisal objectives and ultimately into the choice of policy for each Policy Development Zone.

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D2.2 Area of search

The flat, low-lying nature of the Wash hinterland means that significant areas behind the defences are prone to coastal erosion and coastal flooding. Examination of the 0.1 per cent a year tidal flood zone from the Environment Agency’s flood maps indicates that this extends for a significant area inland, well beyond many existing settlements and infrastructure. So, while recognising the need to approach the SMP process in an open-minded manner, without prejudices resulting from existing shoreline management or the economic benefits that could result from defending the coastline, a realistic approach to the area of search has been developed. This involves defining two search zones: primary and secondary.

The Wash SMP2 area of search is provided in figure D2.1.

D2.2.1 Primary area of search

The primary area of search is that closest to the Wash, more likely to be affected by changes in shoreline management than areas further inland. This area was defined as that lying within the primary main roads that encircle the Wash. These are: to the west of the Wash, the A52 and A16; to the south of the Wash, the A17 and to the east of the Wash, the A149. These main roads tend to follow the more significant settlements surrounding the Wash. Although this does have the disadvantage of major settlements (for example Boston and Kirton) being divided by the boundary, it represents a clear and pragmatic boundary within which focussed assessment of features has been undertaken. Within this area, all features were identified and included in the features table. The features and issues beyond the primary area of search will be taken into account in a general way through the narrative description in section D4.

D2.2.2 Dividing primary area of search into units

The Wash SMP shoreline was divided into nine geographic units, corresponding closely to those used in the SMP1 with a few minor changes. Features are shown in tables according to these units. Also, features that are relevant for the whole of the SMP area were separated in a Wash-wide table. Geographic units and feature tables are:

• Wash-wide features • Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle • Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston (Witham River) • Unit 3 – Boston (Witham River) to Fosdyke • Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven (Welland River) • Unit 5 – Fleet Haven outfall (Welland River) to Guy’s Head (Nene River) • Unit 6 – Guy’s Head (Nene River) to River Great Ouse

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• Unit 7 – River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek • Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp • Unit 9 – Snettisham Scalp to Old Hunstanton

D2.2.3 Secondary area of search

The secondary area of search is that beyond the primary area, but which is still within the 0.1 per cent a year tidal flood zone. Although this area being further from the coast means that, realistically, this area is more likely to remain defended from coastal flooding and erosion, significant features, assets and settlements in this zone mean that these need to be identified. However, given the lower likelihood of SMP policies directly affecting these features, they will not be identified at the same resolution as features within the primary area of search. The features in the secondary area will not be included in the features table, but will be described in the text for each SMP unit (section D4).

D2.2.4 Upstream extent of SMP on rivers

How far the SMP area extends upstream into the main rivers is determined in part by the fact that fluvial flooding issues fall within the scope of Catchment Flood Management Plans (CFMPs). So, the upstream extent of the SMP area was determined as:

• Witham – the outfall of the Hobhole Drain on the left hand bank and the small unnamed drain on the right hand bank, located slightly upstream • Welland – the A17 bridge (Fosdyke bridge) • Nene – Guy’s Head • Great Ouse – opposite the outfall of the unnamed drain on the left hand bank and at the point where the Old West sea bank (secondary defence) joins the main river bank on the right hand bank, about 400 metres south east of the outfall of the unnamed drain. This is near Vinegar Middle, downstream of King’s Lynn.

The SMP will develop policies for the shoreline and defences up to these boundaries. It will therefore have to take into account the features and issues that can affect or be affected by erosion of these defences or flooding through these defences. See section 1 of the main SMP document.

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Figure D2.1 Wash SMP2 Area of Search

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D2.3 Generic grouping of features

Features were classified into the following categories:

• flood defence structures; • built properties; • land use and natural, landscape and historic features; • roads and infrastructure; and • other.

Broadly speaking, there are similar features in all SMP units, due to the broadly similar nature of the coastline and hinterland of the Wash. Further information about these features is provided below, and should be read in conjunction with the table of features.

D2.4 Features common to the whole Wash SMP area

D2.4.1 Nature conservation designations (SACs, SPAs, SSSIs and Ramsar sites)

The Wash SSSI, SPA, SAC and Ramsar sites encompass the entire Wash, and all nine SMP units. No attempt has been made to determine which qualifying features (species and habitats) are present within each unit and the extent to which these are present. It has instead been assumed that all designated and qualifying features are present within each unit. Given this, these common designations and their qualifying features have not been included within each unit table, but in a single table of Wash-wide features.

Although shoreline management is only one issue potentially affecting the status of the designated sites, it is one of the most significant. Shoreline management and SMP policies have the potential to create new intertidal habitat by realigning the current line of defences or allowing natural processes to continue through No active intervention. They can also have a negative effect on designated sites and their habitats by holding the line in the context of rising sea levels or advancing the line, so contributing to coastal squeeze. Advancing the line would be likely to result in direct habitat loss within the designated site and would not be acceptable in terms of the Habitats regulations other than where ‘imperative reasons of over-riding public interest’ can be ascertained. In this case, compensatory habitat would need to be provided elsewhere. However, as stated above, shoreline management and SMP policies provide significant scope for achieving habitat gain and thus providing compensatory habitat. The indication in the tables (“Wash-wide” section tables presented in section D5) shows that potential for substitution is possible for these habitats related to the above point. This refers to substitution within the Wash, consistent with the requirements of the Habitats regulations.

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D2.4.2 National Nature Reserves

Although various statutory nature designations apply to the Wash (see above), only the NNR designation relates to and fosters the promotion of, access to and enjoyment of, the nature conservation value of the Wash. Thus, the features of the NNR are of high amenity, educational and local economic value, as are access to it and its visitor facilities.

D2.4.3 Good grade agriculture

The coastal strip is generally of high arable agricultural value (most of land is grade 1) and this represents the main land use throughout the area. The Fens grow 37 per cent of the country’s vegetables grown in the open, 25 per cent of its potatoes, 17 per cent of its sugar beet and 38 per cent of its bulbs and flowers. The farming and food sectors in the Fens employ 45,000 people and have a turnover of £2.5 billion a year. Also, there are agriculture- related activities, mainly fruit/vegetable packing factories and food preparation plants. Flood risk management is essential to sustain this important industry.

D2.4.4 Shell fisheries

Shell fisheries are an important economic resource within the Wash. Shell fisheries are much less directly relevant to SMP policy than nature conservation designations for example, as shell fisheries are based offshore and are relatively independent of changes to shoreline structure. However, given that the potential for effects does occur, for example through loss or gain of intertidal habitats and changes in flow, sediment dynamics or water depth that may affect shell fishery recruitment or bed characteristics, shell fisheries are identified as being relevant to SMP policy. Their inclusion is further justified on the basis of the acutely-depleted status of Wash shell fisheries due to past and current over-fishing.

D2.4.5 The Wash and Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)

The AONB designation covers a significant part of the Wash, around the eastern face. One part of the AONB area covers the succession of intertidal area, reclaimed agricultural land and higher ground between River Great Ouse and Wolferton Creek. Also, the higher ground inland from Heacham and Hunstanton is part of the overall AONB area. The AONB designation relates to the unique landscape in the area, which is of national significance.

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D3 Generic reasons for analysis of features within tables

A number of features occur repeatedly throughout all or most units. In completing the columns (see bullets in section 2.1) unless local circumstances dictate otherwise, the responses have remained consistent. Given how short the entries in the table are, some elaboration of each response is valuable and is provided below:

D3.1 Potential to affect SMP policy

All the features identified in the tables have been included because they are relevant to SMP policy to a greater or lesser degree. As the SMP evolves, for example at consultation, some issues may be decided as not relevant to the SMP. These can be identified as such in the table, but kept to indicate to consultees that these issues were considered at first, but deemed not relevant.

D3.2 Benefits of feature/Why is the issue important

Benefits of features and importance of issues have been expressed in terms of values – for example economic, cultural, appearance, conservation, amenity.

D3.3 Scale (local, regional, national or international)

In general, housing, flood defences relating to specific areas of agricultural land and minor roads serving smaller settlements and scattered properties have been determined as being of local importance.

Larger settlements that serve wider areas have been given regional importance. Main roads that connect the major settlements and the wider road network have been determined as being of regional significance. Man- made structures, if they affect social or economical value, will be classed as of regional importance.

Agricultural land in small areas is seen as of local importance. However, losses of large areas of agricultural land could have countrywide implications so large areas are determined to be of national importance.

Due to their importance to the local and regional economy and designation under the EU bathing water directive, beaches at Hunstanton and Heacham have been determined as being of local, regional and European significance.

Natural features, due to their relevance to internationally significant designations, have been determined as of European or international significance, as have the two weapons ranges.

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D3.4 Issue type/theme

In line with the recommendations in the guidance, the issues have been grouped by themes:

• P - Physical (shape, processes, erosion, topography, waves, water levels etc) • E - Environment (specifically the natural heritage, nature conservation and geology) • H - Heritage and culture • HA - Hard assets (properties and infrastructure) • R - Recreation (including beach use) • CA - Commercial activities (being the area of activity as distinct from the specific hard assets associated with the commercial activity) • Haz - Hazards (this theme being specifically and distinctively relevant to local areas of the Wash coastline and also essentially identified in relation to the Water Framework Directive).

The themes expand on those core themes presented in the guidance, reflecting the particular character of the Wash.

For the numerous small inland water bodies in the Wash hinterland, a degree of uncertainty over the value of the water body exists. Natural or semi-natural bodies will generally have some nature conservation value and fall under the Environment (E) theme. However, a number of water bodies may act primarily as farm storage reservoirs. Where the shape and location of a water body suggest that it has been created as an agricultural irrigation reservoir it has been identified as a commercial activity (CA). Otherwise it has been assumed natural and identified under the environment theme (E).

D3.5 Is there enough of the benefit provided by the feature?

For most features, the maximum benefit from the feature is used, for example roads and housing. Unless there is knowledge of a shortage, the conclusion is yes, there is enough of it.

Conservational features, particularly those with international designations, would be described as not having enough of the benefit as an issue exists with the scarcity of the area, hence the designation.

D3.6 Potential for substitution of the feature

For many features substitution is possible. Financial constraints that may in practice make substitution not possible; have not been incorporated into judgements about whether substitution is possible. Also, in many instances, although substitution is possible, the feature is clearly specific to a location and substitution will not be an exact like-for-like replacement.

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D3.7 Objectives for that feature

In identifying objectives for the feature, rather than merely stating the objective in terms of what the feature is, objectives have been expressed in terms of the function of the feature. To illustrate this: in the case of a road that was deemed to have a benefit, the objective would not be maintain the road, but rather, ensure the transport benefits currently conferred by the road are maintained (that is, the means by which these benefits are realised is not specified).

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D4 Commentary on SMP units and their features

D4.1 Unit 1 - Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

D4.1.1 Primary area of search

The area between Gibraltar Point and Wrangle is low-lying and extensive areas lie within the one per cent a year tidal flood zone. This because of the progressive reclamation of coastline that has occurred reflected in the extensive array of flood defences in the area with up to three lines of flood banks present in some lengths of the reach.

Little settlement has taken place between the A52 and the shoreline, with only occasional isolated properties and few surfaced roads. There is some aggregation of built properties near Wrangle, with a corresponding presence of surfaced roads.

Land in this area is of high arable agricultural value, this being the only land use in the area. The area is of low amenity and conservation value. This contrasts with the area seaward of the primary flood defence, which comprises saltmarsh and mudflats and is of high conservation value.

Much of the offshore area is also of significant military importance as a weapons training range for the Ministry of Defence.

D4.1.2 Secondary area of search

There is a significant increase in the amount of settlement immediately inland of the A52, both in terms of isolated properties, smaller settlements and the larger settlements of Wainfleet All Saints and Friskney. This area is served by a network of minor roads.

Moving inland from the belt of settlement immediately landward of the A52, the density of settlement decreases. It is mainly made up of scattered properties and remains as such throughout the rest of the 0.1 per cent a year tidal flood zone. Other than the network of minor roads in this area, the only infrastructure is the Skegness to Boston railway, and power lines and pylons running from north east to south west.

The landscape of the area is characterised by arable agriculture and few natural, historic or landscape features other than some isolated patches of woodland.

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D4.2 Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

D4.2.1 Primary area of search

The land in this reach is low-lying and within the one per cent a year tidal flood zone. There are up to three lines of flood defences along the reach.

There are many more people in this area than unit 1. It has a number of small settlements including Freiston, Fishtoft, the Levertons and the largest, Butterwick as well as other more scattered housing.

Land in this area is of high arable agricultural value and this is the main land use in the area. Except for the identified wildlife sites in the Boston Borough Interim Plan, which includes the Benington Gull, the area is of low conservation value. This contrasts with the area seaward of the primary flood defence, which is made up of saltmarsh and mudflats and is of high conservation value.

D4.2.2 Secondary area of search

Although the primary area of search contains many more people than unit 1, there is also significant settlement landward of the A52 including Leverton, Bennington, Boston Long Hedges, Leake Commonside and Old Leake. Boston is a major urban settlement in the area and represents not only a major residential concentration, but a service centre for the area and region. Old Leake is possibly the most significant settlement after Boston with its secondary school and high amenity value.

Infrastructure in this unit includes the A16, the Boston to Skegness railway line and the network of B and minor roads serving various settlements and properties.

The landscape of the area is characterised by arable agriculture with a few natural features including Hobhole Drain, Cowbridge Drain and the Haven.

D4.3 Unit 3 – Boston to Fosdyke

D4.3.1 Primary area of search

The land in this reach is low-lying and within the one per cent a year flood zone. There are two lines of flood defences along much of the reach.

The settlement pattern in this reach is similar to that in unit 2 with a number of small settlements, including Fosdyke, Skeldyke and Frampton, as well as other smaller settlements and properties. There is a network of minor roads to serve these settlements and properties.

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Land in this area is of high arable agricultural value, this being the main land use in the area. Amenity in the area includes a boatyard at Fosdyke and a landfill at Slippery Gowt. A new distribution/industrial park is being built east of the A16 at Kirton. The area seaward of the primary flood defence, which includes a significant area of saltmarsh as well as mudflats, is of high conservation value.

The inland component of the reach contains a zone of archaeological potential at Fosdyke. There are amenity benefits in the form of the Local Nature Reserve at Frampton Marsh.

The two waterways that border this SMP reach, the Haven and River Welland and their offshore approaches, are important routes for commercial boating traffic. This is particularly true for the Haven, which allows access to the port of Boston.

D4.3.2 Secondary area of search

There are significant settlements immediately inland of the A16, namely Boston, Wyberton, Kirton, and Sutterton. Further inland are other settlements, namely Swineshead, Bicker, Donington, Quadring, Gosberton, Pinchbeck and Spalding. There are also smaller settlements and scattered properties in the area.

There are several A and B roads in this area including the A52, A17, A16, A152 and B1397 and various minor roads serving the network of settlements. Other infrastructure includes the Lincoln to Spalding railway and the various electricity lines.

Land use in the area is mainly arable agriculture and there are few natural or landscape features in the reach.

D4.4 Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven

D4.4.1 Primary area of search

The land in this reach is low-lying and within the one per cent a year tidal flood zone. It has two lines of flood defences along most of the reach.

The area is made up of scattered properties and settlements, which increase in number and size towards the A17 and Holbeach. The larger settlements in this reach include Holbeach St. Matthew, Holbeach St. Marks and Holbeach Clough. There is a network of minor roads to serve these properties, which is sparse towards the coastline and more developed towards the A17 / Holbeach area.

Land in this area is of high arable agricultural value, this being the only land use in the area. The area seaward of the primary flood defence, which

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includes a significant area of saltmarsh as well as mudflats, is of high conservation value. Much of the offshore area is also of significant military importance as a weapons training range.

D4.4.2 Secondary area of search

Low-lying land in this area extends significantly inland, with much of this at or below sea level.

In common with other areas of the Wash, there is a significant increase in settlement inland of the main road (in this case the A151 and A17), with Moulton Sea End, Weston, Moulton and the largest settlement, Holbeach, all in this area. Further inland of this line of settlements, properties are scattered and few in number.

Infrastructure in the area comprises the A151, which is significant in connects Spalding to the settlements to the east (those named above). There are also various B roads and minor roads.

Land use in this area is mainly arable agriculture, with few natural, historic or landscape features present.

D4.5 Unit 5 – Fleet Haven to Guy’s Head

D4.5.1 Primary area of search

The land in this reach is low-lying and within the one per cent a year tidal flood zone. It has two lines of flood defences along the entire reach.

The area comprises scattered properties and small settlements, namely Gedney Drove End next to the shoreline and Gedney Dyke, Lutton and Chapelgate. These are further inland, and close to the larger settlement and service centres of Long Sutton and Sutton Bridge.

The area is served by a sparse network of minor roads and one B road (B1359) between Gedney Drove End, Gedney Dyke, Chapelgate, Long Sutton and Sutton Bridge.

The port of Sutton Bridge is of economic importance both locally and regionally.

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D4.5.2 Secondary area of search

Low-lying land in this area extends significantly inland, with much of it at or below sea level.

In the secondary area of search there are a number of small settlements, including Sutton St James, Tydd St Mary, Tydd St Giles, Tydd Gote, Newton and Gorefield. The most significant settlement in the reach is Wisbech. There are also a number of scattered properties in the area.

The most significant road in the reach is the A1101, which connects the A17 at Long Sutton with Wisbech via Tydd St Mary and Newton. The B1390 and B1165 represent another significant transport route, connecting Long Sutton, Sutton St. James, Tydd St. Giles and Newton. There is also a network of minor roads serving the villages and scattered properties. There are many electricity lines in the area.

Land use in the area is mainly arable agriculture, although there are also several orchards. The area has few natural, historic or landscape features although the North Level Main Drain and the South Holland Main Drain both run through the area.

D4.6 Unit 6 – Sutton Bridge to River Great Ouse

D4.6.1 Primary area of search

The land in this reach is low-lying and within the one per cent a year tidal flood zone. It has two, and over some lengths three, lines of flood defences.

The settlement pattern in this unit is similar to that of the previous two units. The area closest to the shoreline is sparsely populated, with a handful of disparate properties. The three significant settlements in the area are Walpole Cross Keys, Terrington St Clement and Clenchwarton. These are further inland, close to the A17.

The Wash National Nature Reserve, which occupies much of the coastal offshore length of the unit, provides significant amenity, educational and conservation value, as does the Peter Scott Walk, which follows the primary flood defence.

There is a Conservation Area in Terrington St Clement, 2 Scheduled Monuments (the cross in Clenchwarton, and medieval settlement remains to

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the north of Tilney All Saints), 29 Listed Buildings (located predominantly in Terrington St Clement, Clenchwarton, West Lynn, and alongside the River Nene), and 155 locally important sites, the majority of which lie within the flood zone, with only a few (23) related to sea defences, old wreckage linked to military activity, and maritime activity such as jetties that may be at risk of erosion in the foreshore and shoreline. However, of these 23 sites 5 may be of regional importance given that they may provide evidence of early (16th- 19th Century) port and maritime structures. The historic landscape is dominated by the Parliamentary fen enclosure with features such as boundaries removed by modern agricultural activities, and notable features centred on the settlements of Terrington St Clement, Clenchwarton, and West Lynn.

D4.6.2 Secondary area of search

Low-lying land in this area extends significantly inland, with much of it at or below sea level.

The area is made up of a number of smaller settlements including Walpole St. Peter, Walpole St Andrew, West Walton, Walton Highway, Terrington St John, Wiggenhall St. Mary the Virgin and St John’s End. Also there are a number of scattered properties. The most significant settlement in the area is Wisbech.

The A47, which crosses the area, represents a significant transport link of regional significance. It links Wisbech and the wider road network to the east to King’s Lynn and the north Norfolk coast. Also, there is a network of minor roads connecting the various settlements and scattered properties. The electricity lines in previous units continue through this area.

Land use in the area is mainly arable agriculture although, in common with the neighbouring unit, there are also a number of orchards. The Smeeth Lode and Middle Level Main Drain both run through the area before discharging to the River Great Ouse.

The historic settlements such as Tilney All Saints, Terrington St John, and the Walpoles support a number of listed buildings, whilst Scheduled Monuments are located in Terrington St John and Tilney St Lawrence.

D4.7 Unit 7 – River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

D4.7.1 Primary area of search

The land in this reach is low-lying and within the one per cent a year tidal flood zone. It has two lines of flood defences along its length. However, unlike the previous units, the area of low-lying land extends a relatively short distance inland, with the land rising sharply towards the A149 and King’s Lynn.

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Unlike previous units, settlements in this unit are concentrated within the larger towns, notably King’s Lynn and South and North Wootton, with few scattered properties in the area. There are two smaller settlements in the reach - Castle Rising and Wolferton.

Land in this area is of high arable agricultural value, this being the only land use in the area. The area seaward of the primary flood defence, which includes a significant area of saltmarsh as well as mudflats, is of high conservation value. Much of the offshore area is also of significant military importance as a weapons training range. The other significant natural feature in the unit is the Babingley River, which has some conservation, amenity and angling value, although it is heavily modified in its lower reaches.

There is a Scheduled Monuments at Babingley (remains of a medieval settlement) that lies within the flood zone, with 124 sites forming part of a nationally important complex of medieval and post-medieval salterns, two regionally important sites (related to WWII and medieval sea bank), and 104 locally important sites, the majority of which lie within the flood zone, with only a small number (7) related to sea defences, saltworking, and maritime activity such as jetties that may be at risk of erosion in the foreshore and shoreline. The historic landscape character is dominated by enclosure and drainage of the fens dating to the 19th and 20th Century, with limited features that stand out above the maintained agricultural landscape.

D4.7.2 Secondary area of search

Due to how close the higher land is to the shoreline in this area, there is no flood- or erosion-prone land inland of the primary area of search. This area will not therefore be considered further.

The hinterland contains a wide range of historic environment assets and landscape character, which is dominated by the historic settlement of King’s Lynn and the many Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, and Historic Park and Garden, and Conservation Area. Further historic settlements at South Wootton, North Wootton, and especially Castle Rising contain a number of Listed Buildings, or in the case of Castle Rising, Listed Buildings, Scheduled Monuments and a Conservation Area. The Scheduled Monuments to the east of Castle Rising also represent some of the earliest dating monuments within the SMP, namely Bronze Age Bowl Barrows. The historic landscape character of the hinterland is dominated by the settlement of King’s Lynn with Saxon origins, whilst inland of the flood zone it is

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dominated by mainly 18th Century enclosure and woodland plantations with occasional medieval settlements such as Castle Rising.

D4.8 Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

D4.8.1 Primary area of search

The land in this area is similar to that of unit 7. The area of flat, low-lying land is relatively small, with the land rising sharply near the A149 and Dersingham and Ingoldisthorpe. There is a shingle ridge along the shoreline, with an earth embankment to its landward side.

There are no built properties in this reach other than at Shepherd’s Port, which also includes a large camping and caravan site. There are also a number of holiday bungalows located on/directly behind the shingle ridge itself. So, other than farm tracks and a minor road between Shepherd’s Port and Snettisham, there are no surfaced roads in the reach.

Land in this area is of medium arable agricultural value. Although this is the main land use in the unit, the size of fields in this unit is smaller, and the pattern of drainage less intensive and artificial, than in areas further west. Natural features in this reach are Boathouse Creek, the Ingol and the series of saline lagoons that run the length of the unit at the shoreline. These give the landward part of the unit some limited conservation and recreation (angling) value. The sandy shoreline along this reach provides amenity value.

A further change in the character of the shoreline occurs in this unit, with saltmarsh being absent north of Wolferton Creek. There are, however, significant areas of sand and mudflat.

There are two Scheduled Monuments (moated sites and one in Dersingham and one near Shernborne), and 1 Listed Building (the Round House to the south of Snettisham), with 2 sites forming contributing to a nationally important complex of medieval and post-medieval salterns, 8 regionally important sites (including a group of Roman sites that contribute to regional importance), and 67 locally important sites, the majority of which lie within the flood zone, with only a few (14) related to sea defences, military activity, and maritime activity such as jetties, though with earlier evidence of saltworking that may be at risk of erosion in the foreshore and shoreline. A Neolithic flint find along the foreshore indicates that some potential for prehistoric sites may exist, whilst a much larger number of finds and sites from the prehistoric to the Roman are identified in the flood zone. The historic landscape character is dominated by enclosure and drainage of the fens dating to the 19th and 20th Century, with only the two moated sites and the Listed Building near the settlement of Snettisham standing out above the maintained agricultural landscape.

The Wash SMP2 - D17 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

D4.8.2 Secondary area of search

Due to how close the higher land is to the shoreline in this area, there is no flood- or erosion-prone land inland of the primary area of search. This area will not therefore be considered further.

A number of Scheduled Monuments and Listed Buildings are found in Dersingham and Ingoldisthorpe providing evidence of the early settlements in the hinterland, and these settlements also dominate the historic landscape character along with the Historic Park and Garden at Sandringham.

D4.9 Unit 9 – Snettisham Scalp to Old Hunstanton

D4.9.1 Primary area of search

The increasing closeness of higher ground to the coastline in the previous two units continues in unit 9, with no significant area of low-lying land present. There are, however, a shingle ridge and earth embankment and a number of caravan parks and bungalows between the two lines of defence. Nearly all the main settlements occur in the three large population centres of Heacham, Hunstanton and Old Hunstanton.

The arable agriculture present in other areas of Wash hinterland is virtually absent from this reach, with land use being mainly livestock grazing. This area includes a greater number of natural features than other areas. These include remnant river channels, creeks and some man-made features, such as the borrow pits that now form ox-bow lakes and saline lagoons landward of the flood bank, and seaward of the flood bank in the form of Heacham harbour. The saline lagoons have a priority habitat status under the European Habitats Directive. The Heacham River also represents a relatively unmodified river in the Wash SMP area and so represents some conservation. The saline lagoons and natural features within this unit have high recreational value.

As with the previous unit, there is no salt marsh habitat in this reach, which has an extensive sandy foreshore. This presents significant amenity and recreational value, which is of economic value to the area.

There are 3 Conservation Areas within this unit in the settlements of Heacham, Hunstanton, and Old Hunstanton, with only part of Hunstanton at risk of erosion, whilst part of Heacham is at risk of extreme coastal flooding. No Scheduled Monuments are present in any at risk areas within this unit. Two Listed Buildings (Millbridge Nursing Home in Heacham and the Lightouse in Hunstanton) are at risk of extreme coastal flooding and erosion respectively, whilst St Edmund’s Chapel (Grade II Listed Building) in Hunstanton may be at risk from erosion but after Epoch 3. In addition, 1 regionally important site (Mesolithic finds and Saxon burials) extends across

The Wash SMP2 - D18 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

the foreshore and inland, whilst over 149 locally important sites, the majority of which lie within the flood zone, with 25 in the foreshore represented by sea defences, modern wreckage, WWII activity, and maritime activity such as mooring bollards, though cliff erosion has revealed Palaeolithic and Medieval finds. On the coastal edge, up to 30 sites are at risk of erosion, these sites comprise post medieval sea defences, WWII military structures in the south, whilst fronting Hunstanton a wider range of sites from bronze age pits, Iron Age and Roman finds, and Medieval enclosures, along with WWII military structures. In addition, an eroding peat and grey clay layer is evident in the foreshore at the north end of Heacham, which could be affected by increased erosion as a result of reflection off the sea defences, these deposits are of regional importance. The historic landscape is dominated by rectilinear drainage of the 19th and 20th Century, with settlements of 20th Century at Heacham and Hunstanton dominated by leisure and recreational features. Notable features are the Conservation Areas of Heacham and Hunstanton, with that of Hunstanton extending along a large frontage.

D4.9.2 Secondary area of search

Due to how close the higher land is to the shoreline in this area, there is no flood- or erosion-prone land inland of the primary area of search. This area will not therefore be considered further.

Snettisham, Sedgeford and Old Hunstanton Conservation Areas are present in the hinterland, along with a number of Listed Buildings centred on Snettisham, Ken Hill Wood, Sedgeford, Ringstead Downs, and Old Hunstanton. In addition, Hunstanton Hall Historic Park and Garden dominates the hinterland of the northern third of the unit. The historic landscape character in the hinterland is a mix of Parliamentary and 18th and 19th Century enclosure, with medieval and post-medieval settlements at Snettisham and Heacham, with large areas of woodland and parkland, particularly at Ken Hill Wood to the north west of Snettisham, and at Hunstanton Hall.

The Wash SMP2 - D19 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

D5 Issues and objectives table

Features associated with The Wash as a whole – i.e. not limited to any one SMP unit

What could Is there Benefits / Issue affect its Potential Issue associated with Affect enough Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / value/ for Objectives feature policy? of this important? theme sustainability? substitution benefit? (threats) The Wash Coastal squeeze from Yes Contribution Broader European E Various, Yes Yes1 To maintain SAC existing or future to legal society including: site integrity, enhanced flood requirements. favourable defence structures and Stringent -Coastal conservation management. Loss of means of squeeze status and saline lagoons. preserving -Development avoid conservation -Disturbance deterioration value of the Wash. SPA Coastal squeeze from Yes Contribution Broader European E Various, Yes Yes To maintain existing or future to legal society including: site integrity, enhancement of flood requirements. favourable defence structures and Stringent -Coastal conservation management. Loss of means of squeeze status and saline lagoons. preserving -Development avoid conservation -Disturbance deterioration value of The Wash, and by

1 Scope may exist for compensation of small areas of SAC/SPA/Ramsar/SSSI habitat by creation elsewhere

The Wash SMP2 - D20 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Features associated with The Wash as a whole – i.e. not limited to any one SMP unit

What could Is there Benefits / Issue affect its Potential Issue associated with Affect enough Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / value/ for Objectives feature policy? of this important? theme sustainability? substitution benefit? (threats) proxy the landscape value. The Wash Coastal squeeze from Yes Contribution Broader International E Various, Yes Yes To maintain Ramsar site existing or future to legal society including: site integrity, enhancement of flood requirements. favourable defence structures and Stringent -Coastal conservation management. Loss of means of squeeze status and saline lagoons. preserving -Development avoid conservation -Disturbance deterioration value of The Wash, and by proxy the landscape value. The Wash Coastal squeeze from Yes Contribution Broader National E Various, Yes Yes To achieve SSSI existing or future to legal society including: favourable enhancement of flood requirements. condition defence structures and Stringent -Coastal management. means of squeeze Flood banks created preserving -Development during accretion phases conservation -Disturbance

The Wash SMP2 - D21 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Features associated with The Wash as a whole – i.e. not limited to any one SMP unit

The Wash SMP2 - D22 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Features associated with The Wash as a whole – i.e. not limited to any one SMP unit

What could Is there Benefits / Issue affect its Potential Issue associated with Affect enough Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / value/ for Objectives feature policy? of this important? theme sustainability? substitution benefit? (threats) The Wash Modification due to Yes Recreational, Broader National E Various, Yes No To maintain National change in coastal educational society including: the Nature processes/management and conservation, Reserve economic (via -Coastal amenity and tourism) squeeze educational benefits -Development benefits of -Disturbance the NNR Shell Acute decline in Yes Economic Local Regional CA Water quality/ No No To enable fisheries shellfish abundance value economy sedimentation. recovery of from long term pre- Bird predation. the shell 1980s levels Over-fishing. fisheries

The Wash Unique coastal Yes Social value. Broader Local E Aesthetically Yes No To ensure and Norfolk landscape of the Wash. Heritage society Regional unsympathetic the unique Coast Area Abrupt change between value. National flood defences landscape of land uses in some Economic or practices character Outstanding areas, lack of buffer value. and identity Natural zone. Statutory of the Wash Beauty designation. is not compromised by shoreline management

The Wash SMP2 - D23 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Features associated with The Wash as a whole – i.e. not limited to any one SMP unit

The Wash SMP2 - D24 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_1_07 Built If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure that properties encroaches people – residents/ coastal flooding or the risk to east of A52 inland - loss of local coastal erosion properties from displacement housing community coastal erosion of residents stock and Loss of roads or and coastal and loss of change in services flooding is housing local minimised stock communities Loss of value due to envisaged future coastal management/natural change Wash_1_08 Wrangle and If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Regional HA Direct loss through No No To ensure risk to surrounding encroaches people – residents/ coastal flooding or properties from properties inland - loss of local coastal erosion coastal erosion displacement housing community and coastal of residents stock and Loss of roads or flooding is and loss of change in services minimised housing local stock communities Loss of value due to envisaged future coastal management/natural change

The Wash SMP2 - D25 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_1_11 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional CA Coastal erosion Yes No To ensure the food land encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding production benefits inland, loss of of this land are agricultural Socio- maintained. land. economic Cattle eroding value access tracks. Wash_1_12 Salt marsh Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National / P Yes (SSSI Yes To ensure the habitat along operation of value community/ International condition extent, distribution entire unit existing Amenity local Coastal squeeze assessment and quality of reach seaward-most value community/ (conducted saltmarsh habitat is flood bank will local wildlife Land take for flood risk 2003-2007) maintained/restored prolong management or does not coastal development identify lack of squeeze and habitat/coastal loss of squeeze as saltmarsh an issue)

Wash_1_13 Sand and Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes (SSSI Yes To ensure the area, mudflats operation of value (BAP, community/ International condition distribution and along entire existing SSSI, PSA, local Land take for flood risk assessment quality of sand and unit reach seaward-most WFD and community/ management or does not mudflat habitat is flood bank will Habitats local wildlife development identify lack of maintained / prolong Directive habitat/coastal restored

The Wash SMP2 - D26 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

The Wash SMP2 - D27 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Wash_1_20 Various If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal erosion or Yes No Ensure that ditches and encroaches value (limited coastal flooding would streams continue to small streams inland, change value, but the (May be of (Local result in changes in contribute to the of feature to flows they irrigation value farming the nature of these distribution of inter- inter-tidal produce over in farming communities) features tidal freshwater creek present intertidal areas) creeks at low tide areas are very important)

The Wash SMP2 - D28 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_1_21 Various If diversion of Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater streams or value (of high European are diverted due to distribution of and creeks on ditches are importance to International modifying flood flows in inter-tidal sand and mud diverted due breeding defence structures, creeks is flats at low to modifying birds) loss of distribution of maintained water flood defence creeks. structures, Concentration of flow loss of in fewer channels distribution of would reduce the creeks. benefits of these to Concentration wading birds. of flow in fewer channels would reduce the benefits of these to wading birds. Wash_1_22 The Wash Need to Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes2 No To achieve SSSI (Units maintain the value society unfavourable due to favourable 1, 2, 3, 23, SSSI units shoreline management condition 24, 25, 42, and all their (for example coastal

2 It may be possible to substitute some degree of localised SSSI loss where replacement habitat of similar quality can be established on a sustainable basis.

The Wash SMP2 - D29 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? 43, 55) interest squeeze, land take features in within the SSSI as a favourable result of advancing the condition line) Wash_1_23 Gibraltar Yes Recreational, Broader National E Various, including: Yes No To maintain the Point National educational society/ conservation, Nature and economic scientific -Coastal squeeze amenity and Reserve (tourism) community/ -Development educational benefits local wildlife -Disturbance benefits of the NNR Wash_1_24 A52 If the sea Yes Main road Local Regional HA Coastal flooding, Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches route community coastal erosion transport benefits of inland, between the road (s) are undermining Skegness maintained or loss of the and Boston road and intermediate settlements Wash_1_25 Network of If the sea Yes Mainly Local Local HA Coastal flooding, Yes No Ensure the minor roads encroaches connects community coastal erosion transport benefits of to the east of inland, scattered the road (s) are the A 52 undermining individual maintained or loss of the properties road with the A52

The Wash SMP2 - D30 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_1_29 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local/ R Loss of flood bank No Yes3 Maintain (public right of encroaches value. Access community Regional through coastal continuous coastal way) along inland – loss to the flooding, coastal footpath access. earth of footpath countryside in erosion embankment this area is (from a point low and such 0.3 kilometres footpaths south-west of may be one Marsh Yard, of the few and means of continuing public access south-west for to the about 1.5 countryside kilometres Wash_1_30 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain (public right of encroaches value. Access community through coastal continuous coastal way) along inland – loss to the flooding, coastal footpath access. landward- of footpath countryside in erosion most flood this area is

3 Throughout this document, all footpaths have been determined as being able to be substituted. However, the degree to which they can be substituted will depend on the extent to which its use is recreational or utilitarian. In the case of a footpath used primarily for recreational purposes, substitution in the form of an alternative footpath nearby may be possible. However, where the path is primarily used in a more utilitarian fashion, for example to connect nearby properties or settlements, substitution of the path at an alternative location may be less of a possibility.

The Wash SMP2 - D31 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? bank (New low and such marsh - footpaths Wrangle may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_1_32 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain (public right of encroaches value. Access community through coastal continuous coastal way) along inland – loss to the flooding, coastal footpath access. earth of footpath countryside in erosion embankment this area is (from a point low and such 0.3 kilometres footpaths south-west of may be one Marsh Yard, of the few and means of continuing public access south-west for to the about. 1.5 countryside kilometres Wash_1_35 Wainfleet Advance the Yes Strategic Broader National HA Advancing the line into Yes Yes To ensure that the weapons line - this military society International current intertidal ability to use this

The Wash SMP2 - D32 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? range would make importance habitat (the weapons area for military the area more range) training purposes is accessible or maintained reduce the Increased accessibility area available for military training purposes. Wash_1_36 Find spot - Potential for No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve silver coins other (historical) community archaeological undiscovered remains archaeological remains Wash_1_37 WWII tank Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic trap due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_38 WWII tank Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic trap due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_39 WWII pillbox Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_40 WWII Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic

The Wash SMP2 - D33 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? observation due to (historical) community features of the point encroachment coast Wash_1_41 WWII pillbox Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_42 WWII pillbox Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_43 Resolution - Damage to No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve the British wreck (historical) community wreck and maintain merchant ship the historic features of the coast Wash_1_44 Hall Farm - Potential for No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve place name undiscovered (historical) community archaeological evidence of a archaeological remains hall remains Wash_1_45 Sea bank - Potential for No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve bank late medieval undiscovered (historical) community archaeological remains and damage to bank through encroachment

The Wash SMP2 - D34 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough of Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_1_46 Coastguard Damage No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve station station through (historical) community erosion and encroachment Wash_1_47 Post-war Damage No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve the ROC through (historical) community monitoring post and monitoring erosion and any related finds. post encroachment (underground) Wash_1_48 WWII pillbox Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_49 RAF Damage No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve and Wainfleet through (historical) community. maintain condition (training and erosion and Currently used of site practice site) encroachment by RAF for bombing practice. Wash_1_50 WWII pillbox Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic due to (historical) community features of the encroachment coast Wash_1_51 WWII pillbox Loss of site No Societal value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic due to (historical) community features of the

The Wash SMP2 - D35 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 1 – Gibraltar Point to Wrangle

The Wash SMP2 - D36 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_2_15 Built properties If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Regional HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure risk to east of A52 encroaches inland - people – loss residents/ coastal flooding or properties from displacement of of housing local coastal erosion coastal erosion and residents and loss of stock and community coastal flooding is housing stock change in Loss of roads or minimised local services communities Loss of value due to envisaged future coastal management/natural change Wash_2_14 Tidal flow Loss of function of Yes Protection of Local Local HA Inadequate Yes Yes To ensure that the control structure would lead land and community maintenance ability to control structure at to increased tidal property tidal flow to, and mouth of influence (higher inland from Coastline fluvial discharge Hobhole drain high tides) in the flooding management of from, the Hobhole Hobhole drain, adjacent reaches Drain, is potentially maintained compromising the Sea level rise drains flood banks and thus flooding the Increased storm

The Wash SMP2 - D37 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_17 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional CA Direct loss through No No To ensure the food land encroaches inland, productivity society National coastal flooding or production benefits loss of agricultural coastal erosion of this land are land Socio- maintained. economic value Wash_2_18 Saltmarsh Continued operation Yes Conservation Scientific National / P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the habitat along of existing seaward- value community/ International extent, distribution entire coastal most flood bank will Amenity value local Land take for flood and quality of reach prolong coastal community/ risk management or saltmarsh habitat is squeeze and loss of local wildlife development maintained/restored saltmarsh. Reclamation for farming causes saltmarsh growth to reduce.

The Wash SMP2 - D38 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_2_19 Mud and sand Continued operation Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, flats along of existing seaward- value (BAP, community/ European distribution and entire coastal most flood bank will SSSI, PSA, local International Land take for flood quality of sand and reach prolong coastal WFD and community/ risk management or mudflat habitat is squeeze and loss of Habitats local wildlife development maintained / sand and mudflats Directive restored drivers). Amenity value. Fisheries value (nursery habitat). Flood defence value. Wash_2_20 Hobhole Drain If the sea Yes Recreational Local angling Local/ P Encroachment of Yes No, but To ensure that the encroaches inland, – angling and community/ Regional the sea inland could add capability for boats inundation of river. recreational Local farming value to to navigate the navigation community/ nearby land channel is Local wildlife for example maintained Farming- creating irrigation saline Maintain lagoons in conservation, Conservation areas where farming and angling

The Wash SMP2 - D39 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? value (limited materials value value- sourced to although build up spined loach defences present) (for example Freiston Shore). Wash_2_21 Various ditches If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal erosion and Yes No Ensure that ditches and small encroaches inland, value (limited coastal flooding and streams streams change of feature to value) would result in continue to inter-tidal creek changes in the contribute to the present at low tide (May be of (Local nature of these distribution of inter- irrigation farming features tidal freshwater value in community) creeks farming areas) Wash_2_22 Various If streams or ditches Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater are diverted due to value (of high European are diverted due to distribution of and creeks present modifying flood importance to International modifying flood flows in inter-tidal on sand and defence structures, wading birds) defence structures, creeks is mud flats at low loss of distribution of loss of distribution of maintained water creeks. creeks. Concentration of flow Concentration of

The Wash SMP2 - D40 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? in fewer channels flow in fewer would reduce the channels would benefits of these to reduce the benefits wading birds. of these to wading birds. Wash_2_23 Irrigation pond If the sea Yes Conservation Local Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes Maintain at Leverton encroaches inland, (limited farmers/ local environmental loss/modification of value). wildlife If farmland Coastal flooding benefits conferred feature Agricultural is lost by water body (irrigation) because of value. flooding, there will be no need for irrigation. This issue therefore needs to be viewed in parallel Wash_2_25 The Wash Need to maintain the Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes Yes To achieve SSSI (units 3, SSSI units and all value society unfavourable due to favourable 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, their interest features shoreline condition 10, 25, 26, 27, in favourable management (for

The Wash SMP2 - D41 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Loss of archaeological remains due to coastal erosion

The Wash SMP2 - D42 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Coastal squeeze maintained Amenity value (long-term)

Scientific value Wash_2_35 Proposed Sustainability of new Yes Conservation Local wildlife/ Local E Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that freshwater habitat in light of value local Coastal flooding plans for habitat habitat creation potential retreat of community creation are by RSPB at the coastline developed with North Sea potential SMP Camp prison Opportunity for new policies in mind

The Wash SMP2 - D43 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_48 Cowbridge If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal flooding Yes Yes To maintain the Drain wildlife encroaches inland, value conservation value site (Boston loss/modification of of the site Borough feature Interim Plan) Wash_2_49 Hobhole Drain If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal flooding Yes Yes To maintain the wildlife site encroaches inland, value conservation value (Boston loss/modification of of the site Borough feature Interim Plan) Wash_2_50 Drain south of If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal flooding Yes Yes To maintain the Freiston wildlife encroaches inland, value conservation value site (Boston loss/modification of of the site Borough feature Interim Plan)

The Wash SMP2 - D44 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_27 A52 If the sea Yes Main road Local Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches inland, route between community National transport benefits of undermining or loss Skegness and Coastal flooding the road (s) are of the road Boston and maintained intermediate settlements Wash_2_28 B roads and If the sea Yes Connects Local Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes No Ensure the other minor encroaches inland, various small community National transport benefits of roads east of undermining or loss villages and Coastal flooding the road (s) are A52 of the roads scattered maintained individual properties with each other and the A52

The Wash SMP2 - D45 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_2_29 Bridge over Undermining of Yes Amenity value Local Local HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that a Hobhole Drain, structure by erosion community means of passage where it enters – loss of pedestrian Coastal flooding continues to exist the Haven route along the North over the Hobhole Bank of the Haven Drain at this point Wash_2_30 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Loss of footpath No Yes Maintain running the encroaches inland – value. Access community through coastal continuous coastal length of the loss of footpath to the erosion or flooding footpath access. unit along the countryside in outer flood this area is bank in the low and such north, then footpaths may secondary bank be one of the south of 435 few means of 473, then along public access earth to the embankment countryside south-west of 388 399, and continuing along the Hobhole Drain

The Wash SMP2 - D46 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_31 Footpath along If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Loss of footpath No Yes Maintain the top of earth encroaches inland – value. Access community through coastal continuous coastal embankment, loss of footpath to the erosion or flooding footpath access. from the countryside in northern limit of this area is the reach to low and such Freiston shore footpaths may (398 423) one of the few means of public access to the countryside

The Wash SMP2 - D47 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_2_32 Length of If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Loss of footpath No Yes Maintain footpath along encroaches inland – value. Access community through coastal continuous coastal seaward flood loss of footpath to the erosion or flooding footpath access. bank from clay countryside in hole to the this area is flood bank low and such confluence with footpaths may earth one of the few embankment at means of 372 396 public access to the countryside Wash_2_33 Sewage If the sea Yes Human Broader Regional Haz, Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that the treatment encroaches inland, sanitation society E Encroachment of ability to treat works at 355 loss of, or need to value the sea at this point sewage at this 412 relocate, facility Environmental STW is maintained value Consequent Economic increased costs for value water company and ultimately water consumers

The Wash SMP2 - D48 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

What could affect Is there Benefits / Issue Potential Issue associated Affect its value/ enough of Reference Feature Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_2_37 Sewage Effect of new Yes Reduced Broader Local HA Lack of integration In the event Yes RSS, LDF and treatment housing/development flexibility of society of RSS/LDF with of new SMP policies, as works at 355 proposed within RSS SMP options SMP development they affect housing 412 (Boston Urban in relation to - no and development, extension) on Fishtoft STW must be compatible sewage system would require new infrastructure at Fishtoft Wash_2_34 North Sea In the event of Yes Central Broader Local, HA Loss of facility No Yes To ensure risk to Camp (HM flooding by the sea Government society regional and through asset from coastal prison) or erosion, loss of resource national encroachment of the erosion and coastal the prison and issue sea, coastal erosion flooding is consequent loss of minimised overall prison capacity Wash_2_38 Proposed The land area in Yes Economic Local Local HA Presumption that No Yes To ensure that land tourist question is dry only value to local economy this land will be remains suitable for accommodation by virtue of existing community via subject to continued this proposed at Scrane End defences (that is, the tourism defence development development will reduce the capacity Value to to pursue No active tourists as

The Wash SMP2 - D49 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_39 Proposed The land area in Yes Amenity value Local Local R Presumption that No Yes To ensure that land recreational question is dry only community this land will be remains suitable for open space at by virtue of existing subject to continued this proposed Scrane End defences (that is, the defence development development will reduce the capacity to pursue No active intervention or Managed realignment policies. Wash_2_40 The Haven Removing Yes Means of boat Local Regional R Change in channel Yes No, but Maintain navigable constraints on access economy/ dynamics or could add status of channel channel width may between the regional degradation of value to cause the channel to Wash and users training walls due to: nearby land widen and become Boston -natural processes for example un-navigable by -inadequate by creating boats. maintenance of saline Significant land claim flood defence lagoons in through row structures areas where

The Wash SMP2 - D50 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_41 Water body If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain south east of encroaches inland – value (limited eutrophication from environmental sailors home at loss or modification value) nearby agricultural benefits of water 450 489 of feature activity body

Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_2_44 Small pond at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 419 477 encroaches inland – value (limited eutrophication from environmental loss or modification value) nearby agricultural benefits of water of feature activity body

The Wash SMP2 - D51 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_2_45 Small pond In the event of Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain adjacent to encroachment of the value (limited eutrophication from environmental glebe farm (412 sea inland - loss or value) adjacent agricultural benefits conferred 458) modification of activity by water body feature Coastal erosion or coastal flooding would result in the loss of the feature Wash_2_46 Small pond at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain Leverton encroaches inland – value (limited eutrophication from environmental Highgate (407 loss or modification value) nearby agricultural benefits of water 479) of feature activity body

Coastal erosion or coastal flooding would result in the loss of the feature

The Wash SMP2 - D52 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_48 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_49 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_50 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_51 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D53 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_53 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_54 Ditch at Marsh Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve ditch Farm encroachment (historic) community

Wash_2_55 Find spot- Pottery found on the Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve historic Medieval and site of an old hall, (historic) community value of the site post-medieval indicating the and protect any pottery possibility for more undiscovered remains to be found remains. that may be affected by erosion or encroachment by the sea

The Wash SMP2 - D54 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_57 Pot, artefacts Potential damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve and site of late undiscovered (historic) community discovered and medieval archaeological undiscovered settlement remains on site historic remains

Wash_2_58 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_59 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_60 Saltern- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D55 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_62 Salt works- Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic medieval encroachment (historic) community features

Wash_2_63 Saltern/ Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic settlement- encroachment (historic) community features medieval

Wash_2_64 Brick cottage, Damage to cottage Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve and Sea Lane through (historic) community protect the cottage encroachment and erosion.

Wash_2_65 Find spot- Potential damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve pottery undiscovered (historic) community discovered and (medieval-post archaeological undiscovered medieval) remains on site historic remains

The Wash SMP2 - D56 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_67 Post-war ROC Damage through No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and Yes No To preserve the monitoring post erosion and (historic) community erosion monitoring post and (underground) encroachment any related finds.

Wash_2_68 Site of Derby Potential damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve former Hall undiscovered (historic) community erosion site of hall archaeological remains on site

Wash_2_69 Cottage (grade Potential damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To protect and II listed historic building (historic) community erosion preserve cottage building) during encroachment

Was_2_70 Site of No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No - dovecote (historic) community erosion

The Wash SMP2 - D57 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_72 The Old Potential damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No Protect historic Rectory (now a historic features of (historic) community erosion buildings house) grade II building through listed building encroachment

Wash_2_73 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_74 Potential site of Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic saltern- encroachment (historic) community features medieval

Wash_2_75 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D58 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_78 WWII pillboxes Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic and tank trap encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_79 Post-medieval Damage to bank No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve historic earth (historic) community erosion features of the embankment coast

The Wash SMP2 - D59 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_81 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_82 White Loaf Hall Damage to historic Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve the hall (16th century, features of building (historic) community and any grade II listed) and any undiscovered undiscovered archaeology archaeological remains in grounds. Wash_2_83 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D60 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Was_2_85 Windmill (built Damage to historic Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve the hall 1800s, grade II features of mill. (historic) community and any listed) undiscovered archaeology

Wash_2_86 Site of WWII Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic pillbox encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Was_2_87 Inshore Erosion of channel Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve historic channel (historic) community erosion due to sea features of the level and condition coast

Wash_2_88 The Marine Damage to site Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal inundation & No No To preserve historic Hotel (former through (historic) community erosion features of the hotel, grade II encroachment of sea coast listed) and connected erosion.

The Wash SMP2 - D61 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_91 WWII pillbox, Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic and searchlight encroachment (historic) community features of the battery coast

Wash_2_92 Site of 18th Potential for No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No Preserve site of century bathing undiscovered (historic) community bathing house and house archaeological any undiscovered remains finds

The Wash SMP2 - D62 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_95 WWII Freiston Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve historic shore battery encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_96 Site of WWII Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic pillbox encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_97 WWII pillbox, Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic and searchlight encroachment (historic) community features of the battery coast

The Wash SMP2 - D63 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_100 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_101 WWII Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic searchlight encroachment (historic) community features of the battery coast

Wash-2_102 The Lilacs Damage to site Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve historic (medieval and through (historic) community erosion features of the post-medieval encroachment of sea coast structures) and connected erosion.

The Wash SMP2 - D64 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_104 Lost hamlet of Potential for Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve historic Scrane undiscovered finds to (historic) community erosion features of (medieval be present and settlement and any settlement now damage to existing undiscovered finds in rough features pasture) Wash_2_105 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Was_2_106 Windmill Damage to historic Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding No No To preserve the hall features of mill. (historic) community and any undiscovered archaeology

The Wash SMP2 - D65 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_108 Dovecote No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No Protect dovecote (possibly no (historic) community erosion longer there)

Wash_2_109 Miramar House Damage to site Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and Yes No To preserve historic (18th century, through (historic) community erosion features of the grade II listed) encroachment of sea coast and connected erosion. Wash_2_110 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_111 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D66 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_113 WWII machine Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic gun post encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_114 Shipwreck Damage to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve historic shipwreck and (historic) community features of the potential coast undiscovered archaeological remains Wash_2_115 Shipwreck Damage to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve historic shipwreck and (historic) community features of the potential coast undiscovered archaeological remains

The Wash SMP2 - D67 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_118 Site of WWII Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic pillbox encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_119 HMP North Sea Damage to site and Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve and Camp (mid 20th to undiscovered (historic) community erosion protect historic century, used archaeological finds features of the as a WWII from encroachment camp and the military camp) and erosion potential undiscovered finds

The Wash SMP2 - D68 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_121 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_122 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic (built into flood encroachment (historic) community features of the defences) coast

Wash_2_123 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic (built into flood encroachment (historic) community features of the defences) coast

Wash_2_124 WWII concrete Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic structure encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D69 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_126 Find spot- Potential for other Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve historic medieval post- undiscovered finds to (historic) community erosion finds and potential medieval be present for undiscovered pottery finds

Wash_2_127 Romano-British Potential for Yes Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and No No To preserve historic occupation site undiscovered finds to (historic) community erosion features of (with finds) be present and settlement and any damage to existing undiscovered finds features (hut etc) Wash_2_128 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_129 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D70 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_131 Hobhole sluice Damage to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes No To preserve historic (built 19th remaining parts of (historic) community features of the fen century, grade sluice drainage scheme II listed)

Wash_2_132 WWII gun Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic emplacement encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_133 Hobhole- Damage to defences Yes Protection to Local Local HA Tidal flooding No No - Butterwick Low from encroachment local community flood defences of the sea. Several communities WWII structures where also incorporated into defences and could be affected

The Wash SMP2 - D71 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

Wash_2_135 Post war ROC Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding No Yes To preserve historic monitoring encroachment (historic) community features of the post coast

Wash_2_136 Timber posts Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding and Yes No To preserve posts value through (historic) community erosion encroachment of sea

Wash_2_137 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

Wash_2_138 WWII pillboxes Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Tidal flooding Yes Yes To preserve historic encroachment (historic) community features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D72 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 2 – Wrangle to Boston

The Wash SMP2 - D73 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

What could affect Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Potential Affect its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this with feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit?

Wash_3_07 Built If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure risk to properties encroaches people – loss residents/ Regional sea encroaching properties from east of A16 inland - of housing local inland or coastal coastal erosion and (including displacement of stock and community erosion coastal flooding is South Boston) residents and change in minimised loss of housing local Loss of roads or stock communities services

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_3_08 Industrial If the sea Yes The estate Local Local HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure risk to estate at 335 encroaches provides community/ Regional sea encroaching properties from 422 inland - employment local inland or coastal coastal erosion and displacement of sites close to economy erosion coastal flooding is businesses and the main minimised employment residential Loss of roads or area - Boston services

Loss of value due to likely future coastal

The Wash SMP2 - D74 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

management/natural change

Wash_3_10 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional CA Coastal erosion No No To ensure the food land encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding production benefits inland, loss of of this land are agricultural land Socio- maintained. economic value Wash_3_11 Saltmarsh Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, habitat along operation of value community/ International distribution and entire coastal existing Amenity value local Land take for flood quality of saltmarsh reach seaward-most community/ risk management or habitat is flood bank will local wildlife development maintained/restored prolong coastal squeeze and loss of saltmarsh

The Wash SMP2 - D75 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_12 Mud and sand Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, flats along operation of value (BAP, community/ International distribution and entire coastal existing SSSI, PSA, local Land-take for flood quality of sand and reach seaward-most WFD and community/ risk management or mudflat habitat is flood bank will Habitats local wildlife development maintained / prolong coastal Directive restored squeeze and drivers). loss of sand and Amenity mudflats value. Fisheries value (nursery habitat).

Flood defence value. Wash_3_43 Kirkton Drain If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal flooding Yes Yes To maintain the wildlife site encroaches value conservation value (Boston inland, of the site Borough loss/modification Interim Plan) of feature

The Wash SMP2 - D76 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_44 Frampton If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal flooding Yes Yes To maintain the Marsh Trust encroaches value conservation value wildlife site inland, of the site (Boston loss/modification Borough of feature Interim Plan) Wash_3_13 Various If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of Yes No Ensure that ditches ditches and encroaches value (limited the sea would result and streams small streams inland, change value) in changes in the continue to of feature to nature of these contribute to the inter-tidal creek (May be of (Local features distribution of inter- present at low irrigational farming tidal freshwater tide value in community) creeks farming areas) Wash_3_14 Various If streams or Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater ditches are value (of high European are diverted due to distribution of and creeks on diverted due to importance to International modifying flood flows in inter-tidal sand and mud modifying flood breeding defence structures, creeks is flats at low defence birds) loss of distribution of maintained water structures, loss creeks. of distribution of Concentration of creeks. flow in fewer

The Wash SMP2 - D77 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Concentration of channels would flow in fewer reduce the benefits channels would of these to wading reduce the birds. benefits of these to wading birds. Wash_3_15 Pond next to If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain moat at encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental Sandholme inland, loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would cause loss of the feature Wash_3_16 Fresh/brackish If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain water body at encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental Kirton Marsh inland, loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water (353 365) modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would cause loss of the feature

The Wash SMP2 - D78 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_17 Ditch seaward If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Sea level rise Yes Yes Maintain of the encroaches value (limited environmental seaward-most inland, loss or value) Change in location benefits of water flood bank, modification of of existing flood body between feature defences Frampton Marsh and one kilometre north east of Fosdyke bridge Wash_3_18 Pond If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain landward of encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental the seaward- inland, loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water most flood modification of activity body bank at 366 feature 386 Encroachment of the sea would cause loss of the feature

The Wash SMP2 - D79 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_20 Water body at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 342 416 encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental inland, loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would cause loss of the feature Wash_3_21 Moat at If the sea Yes Heritage Broader Local H Encroachment of No No Maintain water Sandholme encroaches value society the sea would cause body inland, loss or loss of the feature modification of feature Wash_3_22 The Wash Need to Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes Yes To achieve SSSI (units 9, maintain the value society unfavourable due to favourable 10, 11, 12, 13, SSSI units and shoreline condition all their interest management (for features in example coastal favourable squeeze, land-take condition in the SSSI as a result of advancing the line

The Wash SMP2 - D80 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_23 Wash NNR Advancing the Yes Amenity value Broader Local E Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To maintain the western outlier line would result Recreational, society National conservation, in loss of the educational Land-take for flood amenity and saltmarsh and economic risk management or educational habitat. In the (via tourism) development benefits of the NNR long-term benefits holding the line may have adverse implications because of coastal squeeze

If the sea encroaches inland, access roads, paths and car parks may be at risk

The Wash SMP2 - D81 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_24 Frampton Advancing the Yes Amenity value Broader Local E Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To maintain the Marsh LNR line would result Educational society conservation, in loss of the value Land-take for flood amenity and saltmarsh Conservation risk management or educational habitat. In the value development benefits of the LNR long-term holding the line may have adverse implications because of coastal squeeze

If the sea encroaches inland, access roads, paths and car parks may be at risk

The Wash SMP2 - D82 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_42 Frampton Advancing the Yes Amenity value Local Local E Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To maintain the Marsh RSPB line would result Educational community/ conservation, reserve in loss of the value local wildlife Land-take for flood amenity and saltmarsh Conservation risk management or educational habitat. In the value development benefits of the LNR long-term holding the line may have adverse implications because of coastal squeeze

If the sea encroaches inland, access roads, paths and car parks may be at risk

The Wash SMP2 - D83 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_26 Landfill facility The landfill Yes Environmental Local/ Local Haz Encroachment of Yes N/A To ensure that at Slippery facility is a hazard Regional the sea inland contaminated land Gowt Farm potential residents or other pollution hazard. Utility Coastal erosion environmental If the sea hazards at the site encroaches, this are contained and would cause do not become loss of the utility risks. To continue to use the facility Wash_3_27 A16 If the sea Yes Main road Local Regional HA Encroachment of Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches route community the sea, coastal transport benefits of inland, connecting erosion the road (s) are undermining or Boston (and maintained loss of the road settlements to its north) with towns to the south and east of the Wash. There are other, much longer routes.

The Wash SMP2 - D84 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_28 Network of B If the sea Yes Connects Local Local HA Encroachment of Yes No Ensure the and minor encroaches various small community National the sea, coastal transport benefits of roads east of inland, villages and erosion the road (s) are the A16 undermining or scattered maintained loss of the roads individual properties with each other and the A16 Wash_3_29 Bridge over If the sea Yes This bridge Local Regional HA Encroachment of Yes Yes Ensure the River Welland encroaches carries the community the sea, coastal transport benefits of at Fosdyke inland, A17, the main erosion the bridge are bridge undermining or route maintained loss of the connecting bridge settlements to the south and east of the A17 to Boston and other areas to the north west

The Wash SMP2 - D85 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_30 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value Local / Local R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain along right - encroaches Access to the Regional through continuous coastal hand flood inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the footpath access. bank next to footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion Hobhole Drain low and such footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_3_31 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value Local Local R Loss of footpath No Yes Maintain along the encroaches Access to the community Regional through continuous coastal north shore of inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the footpath access the Haven to footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion Boston low and such footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside

The Wash SMP2 - D86 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_32 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value Local Local/ R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain along the encroaches Access to the community Regional through continuous coastal south bank of inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the footpath access the Haven footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion between low and such Boston and footpaths may the eastern be one of the end of the few means of flood bank public access (next to Clay to the hole) countryside Wash_3_33 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value Local Local/ R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain along seaward encroaches Access to the community Regional through continuous coastal flood bank inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the footpath access. between footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion Wyberton low and such Marsh and footpaths may Fosdyke be one of the few means of public access to the countryside

The Wash SMP2 - D87 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_34 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value Local Local/ R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain along earth encroaches Access to the community Regional through continuous coastal embankment inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the footpath access. from Boston to footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion Fosdyke low and such bridge footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_3_35 Footpaths If the sea Yes Amenity value Local Local/ R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain along cross- encroaches Access to the community Regional through continuous coastal connecting inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the footpath access. flood banks at footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion Hundred Acre low and such Farm, footpaths may Frampton be one of the Marsh and few means of footpath public access between earth to the embankment countryside and seaward

The Wash SMP2 - D88 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

flood bank at Wyberton Marsh

Wash_3_36 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value Local Local R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain footpath between encroaches Access to the community through access. Boston and inland – loss of countryside in encroachment of the Frampton footpath this area is sea, coastal erosion low and such footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_3_37 Western If the sea Yes Economic Broader Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that risks electricity encroaches value society Coastal flooding to pylons and pylons and inland, power lines from lines running undermining of Relocation coastal erosion and south from pylons/ need to would be coastal flooding are Boston relocate power needed. This minimised lines would have

The Wash SMP2 - D89 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

financial implications and place a burden on the planning system. It would also have potentially adverse effects elsewhere. Wash_3_38 Eastern If the sea Yes Economic Broader Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that risks electricity encroaches value society Coastal flooding to pylons and pylons and inland, power lines from lines running undermining of Relocation coastal erosion and south from pylons/ need to would be coastal flooding are Boston relocate power needed. This minimised lines would have financial implications and place a burden on the

The Wash SMP2 - D90 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

planning system. It would also have potentially adverse effects elsewhere. Wash_3_39 Port facilities Loss of facilities Yes Economic Broader Regional C Loss of facility or Yes No To maintain port at Boston or access to Value society/ local loss of/reduction in facilities facilities or economy accessibility to reduction in facilities due to economic changes in the viability of Wash coastline or facilities the Haven channel

Wash_3_40 Scrap yard at The scrap yard Yes Economic Local Haz Any realignment or Yes Yes To ensure that risks Slippery Gowt represents a value loss of active to the site from Farm potential intervention would coastal erosion and pollution hazard, Environmental lead to flooding. coastal flooding are and may be risk Would have to minimised contaminated address land contaminated land

The Wash SMP2 - D91 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

issues.

Wash_3_41 Water body at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Coastal erosion Yes Yes Maintain 348 357 encroaches (limited value) environmental inland, Coastal flooding benefits of water loss/modification body of feature Wash_3_42 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_3_43 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_3_44 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

The Wash SMP2 - D92 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_45 Two Brothers Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No No To preserve historic (1747 wreck) shipwreck and (historic) community the sea features of the potential coast undiscovered archaeological remains Wash_3_46 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_3_47 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_3_48 Retford (1810 Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No No To preserve historic wreck of cargo wreck and (historic) community the sea features of the vessel) potential coast undiscovered remains

The Wash SMP2 - D93 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_49 Roads Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No No To protect the farmhouse historic features (historic) community the sea historic features of (mid 18th of the building the building century, grade II listed) Wash_3_50 Possible moat Potential No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No Yes Ensure damage to (now filled in) damage to (historic) community the sea possible moat site historic feature is minimised of site

Wash_3_51 Possible moat Potential No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No Yes Ensure damage to (now filled in) damage to (historic) community the sea possible moat site historic feature is minimised of site

Wash_3_52 Decoy pond Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To maintain historic value (historic) community sea, erosion channel through encroachment of sea

The Wash SMP2 - D94 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 3 –Boston to Fosdyke

Wash_3_53 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_3_54 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community the sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_3_55 Site of Potential for No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No Yes Ensure damage to Moulton Hall undiscovered (historic) community the sea site is minimised to (14th century, archaeological protect any including a finds on site undiscovered finds moat)

The Wash SMP2 - D95 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/ natural change Wash_4_03 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional C Coastal erosion No No To ensure the land encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding food production inland, loss of benefits agricultural Socio- currently land economic conferred of this value land are maintained.

The Wash SMP2 - D96 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

What could Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Affect affect its value/ enough of Potential for Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / Objectives policy? sustainability? this substitution with feature important? theme (threats) benefit? Wash_4_04 Saltmarsh Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the habitat along operation of value community/ International extent, entire existing Amenity value local Land-take for distribution and coastal seaward-most community/ flood risk quality of reach flood bank will local wildlife management or saltmarsh prolong development habitat is coastal maintained/ squeeze and restored loss of saltmarsh Wash_4_05 Mud and Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National / P Coastal squeeze sand flats operation of value (BAP, community/ International along entire existing SSSI, PSA, local Land take for coastal seaward-most WFD and community/ flood risk reach flood bank will Habitats local wildlife management or prolong Directive development coastal drivers squeeze and Amenity value loss of sand Fisheries and mudflats value (nursery habitat)

Flood defence value

The Wash SMP2 - D97 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

What could Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Affect affect its value/ enough of Potential for Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / Objectives policy? sustainability? this substitution with feature important? theme (threats) benefit? Wash_4_06 River If flood banks Yes Conservation Local Local E Coastal erosion Welland degrade, value community/ increased Navigation local angling Inadequate dynamism of value community/ maintenance of channel Flood risk local wildlife flood defences leading to value along the lower reduced reaches of the navigability, Welland flooding and loss of agricultural land. Excessive reclamation. Issue of overtopping due to low tidal river banks near Spalding. Wash_4_07 Various If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of Yes No Ensure that ditches and encroaches value (limited the sea would ditches and small inland, change value) result in changes streams streams of feature to (Local farming in the nature of continue to inter-tidal (May be of community) these features contribute to the

The Wash SMP2 - D98 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

What could Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Affect affect its value/ enough of Potential for Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / Objectives policy? sustainability? this substitution with feature important? theme (threats) benefit? creek present irrigation value distribution of at low tide in farming inter-tidal areas) freshwater creeks Wash_4_08 Irrigation If the sea Yes Agricultural Local farmers/ Local C Encroachment of Yes Yes Maintain pond at 392 encroaches value local wildlife the sea would environmental 330 inland – loss result in the loss benefits of water or modification of the feature body of feature Wash_4_09 Two If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain adjacent encroaches value (limited eutrophication environmental ponds at 367 inland – loss value) from nearby benefits of water 327 and 368 or modification agricultural activity body 328 of feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_4_10 Pond/lake at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 360 346 encroaches value (limited eutrophication environmental inland – loss value) from nearby benefits of water or modification agricultural activity body of feature Encroachment of

The Wash SMP2 - D99 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

What could Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Affect affect its value/ enough of Potential for Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / Objectives policy? sustainability? this substitution with feature important? theme (threats) benefit? the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_4_11 Various If streams or Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or Yes No Ensure the freshwater ditches are value (of high European ditches are distribution of creeks on diverted due to importance to International diverted due to and flows in sand and modifying breeding birds) modifying flood inter-tidal creeks mud flats at flood defence defence is maintained low water structures, structures, loss of loss of distribution of distribution of creeks. creeks. Concentration of Concentration flow in fewer of flow in fewer channels would channels reduce the would reduce benefits of these the benefits of to wading birds. these to wading birds.

Wash_4_12 The Wash Need to Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units Yes Yes To achieve SSSI (units maintain the value society become favourable 13, 14, 15, SSSI units, unfavourable due condition 31, 32, 33, and all their to shoreline

The Wash SMP2 - D100 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

What could Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Affect affect its value/ enough of Potential for Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / Objectives policy? sustainability? this substitution with feature important? theme (threats) benefit? 34, 35) interest management (e.g. features in coastal squeeze, favourable land-take within condition the SSSI as a result of advancing the line Wash_4_13 Moulton If the sea Yes Amenity value Broader Local E Coastal squeeze Yes No (relates to To maintain the Marsh Local encroaches at Conservation society quality of conservation, Nature this point this value (saline Land-take for lagoons) amenity and Reserve would cause lagoons are flood risk educational loss of the the best management or benefits of the current saline example in the development LNR lagoon habitat Wash) and a change (Bamber et al. in the LNR 2004). from its current habitats and accessibility to saltmarsh habitat

Coastal squeeze may also threaten

The Wash SMP2 - D101 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

What could Is there Issue Benefits / Issue Affect affect its value/ enough of Potential for Reference Feature associated Why is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / Objectives policy? sustainability? this substitution with feature important? theme (threats) benefit? the habitats for which the LNR is designated Wash_4_14 A 17 If the sea Yes Main road Local Regional HA Encroachment of Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches connection community the sea, coastal transport inland, between erosion benefits of the undermining or Boston and road (s) are loss of the Holbeach and maintained road areas surrounding the Wash Wash_4_15 Network If the sea Yes Connects Local Local HA Encroachment of Yes No Ensure the minor roads encroaches various small community the sea, coastal transport seaward of inland - villages and erosion benefits of the the A17 undermining or scattered road (s) are loss of the individual maintained roads properties with each other and the A16 Wash_4_16 Electricity If the sea Economic Broader Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that pylons and encroaches value society Coastal flooding risks to pylons lines running inland, Yes and power lines from the undermining of Relocation from coastal River pylons/ need would be erosion and

The Wash SMP2 - D102 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 4 – Fosdyke to Fleet Haven outfall

The Wash SMP2 - D103 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_5_04 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional CA Coastal erosion No No To ensure the food land encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding production benefits inland, loss of of this land are agricultural land Socio- maintained. economic value Wash_5_05 Orchard at If the sea Yes Agricultural Local Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that Chapelgate encroaches productivity economy National Coastal flooding economic, food (419 245) inland, loss of (BAP) production and orchard Conservation Society conservation (BAP) value. benefits of the

The Wash SMP2 - D104 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_06 Orchard at If the sea Yes Agricultural Local Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that Little encroaches productivity economy National Coastal flooding economic, food London (440 inland, loss of (BAP) production and 235) orchard Conservation Society conservation (BAP) value. benefits of the orchard are Socio- maintained economic value Wash_5_07 Several If the sea Yes Timber Local wildlife Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure risk to small plots encroaches productivity Coastal flooding woodland from of woodland inland, loss of coastal erosion and throughout feature at that Socio- coastal flooding is reach location economic value minimised

Conservation value

The Wash SMP2 - D105 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_08 Saltmarsh Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, habitat operation of value community/ International distribution and along entire existing seaward- Amenity value local Land-take for flood risk quality of saltmarsh coastal most flood bank community/ management or habitat is reach will prolong local wildlife development maintained/restored coastal squeeze and loss of saltmarsh Wash_5_09 Mud and Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, sand flats operation of value (BAP, community/ International distribution and along entire existing seaward- SSSI, PSA, local Land-take for flood risk quality of sand and coastal most flood bank WFD and community/ management or mudflat habitat is reach will prolong Habitats local wildlife development maintained / coastal squeeze Directive restored and loss of sand drivers Amenity and mudflats value

Fisheries value (nursery habitat)

Flood defence value

The Wash SMP2 - D106 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_10 Fleet Haven If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Sea level rise Yes No To ensure that the encroaches value conservation value inland, change of of the feature is feature to inter- maximised tidal creek at low tide Wash_5_11 Lutton Leam If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Sea level rise Yes No To ensure that the encroaches value conservation value inland, change of of the feature is feature to inter- maximised tidal creek at low tide Wash_5_12 River Nene If the sea Yes Potentially of Local Regional C Sea level rise Yes No To ensure that the encroaches some communities/ Inadequate capability for boats inland, change in significance to local angling maintenance of to navigate the the river’s profile navigation both communities/ existing coastal or channel is and dynamics recreational local wildlife fluvial flood defences maintained and commercial. The Nene provides access to the ports of Sutton

The Wash SMP2 - D107 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_35 River Nene Cable route Yes Needed for Broader Local HA Changes to the Nene Yes Yes Ensure SMP wind farm follows course of distributing society channel policies and cable cabling the Nene. offshore energy routing are route to the national compatible SMP policies grid need to be developed with this in mind – possible constraints to policy Wash_5_13 Various un- If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of the Yes No Ensure that ditches named encroaches value (limited sea would result in and streams streams and inland, change of value) changes in the nature continue to ditches feature to inter- of these features contribute to the tidal creek at low (May be of (Local farming distribution of inter- tide irrigational community) tidal freshwater value in farming creeks areas

The Wash SMP2 - D108 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_14 Various If streams or Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater ditches are value (of high European are diverted due to distribution of and creeks on diverted due to importance to International modifying flood flows in inter-tidal sand and modifying flood breeding birds. defence structures, creeks is mud flats at defence loss of distribution of maintained low water structures, loss creeks. of distribution of Concentration of flow creeks. in fewer channels Concentration of would reduce the flow in fewer benefits of these to channels would wading birds. reduce the benefits of these to wading birds. Wash_5_15 Water body If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain inland of sea encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental wall at 490 inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water 268 modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature

The Wash SMP2 - D109 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_16 Water body In the event of Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain at 462 302 encroachment of value (limited eutrophication from environmental the sea inland – value) nearby agricultural benefits of water loss or activity body modification of feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_5_17 Water body If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain near encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental Oldershaw’s inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water farm at 453 modification of activity body 302 feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_5_18 Irrigation If the sea Yes Agricultural Local farmers/ Local CA Encroachment of the Yes Yes Maintain pond near encroaches productivity local wildlife sea would result in the environmental Oldershaw’s inland – loss or loss of the feature benefits of water farm at 452 modification of Socio- body 301 feature economic value

The Wash SMP2 - D110 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_19 The Wash Need to maintain Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes Yes To achieve SSSI (units the SSSI units value society unfavourable due to favourable 16, 17 and all their shoreline management condition interest features (for example coastal in favourable squeeze, land-take in condition the SSSI as a result of advancing the line Wash_5_20 Gedney Loss of area Yes Built heritage Local wildlife Local E Coastal erosion Yes No To maintain historic Dawsmere value value of conservation Effect on Coastal flooding conservation area. area character of area Presence of newly- built flood defences in the area Wash_5_21 Long Sutton Loss of area Yes Built heritage Local wildlife Local H Coastal erosion Yes No To maintain historic conservation value value of area Effect on Coastal flooding conservation area. character of area Presence of newly- built flood defences in the area

The Wash SMP2 - D111 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_22 Employment The land area in Yes Potential Local Local CA Coastal erosion No Yes To ensure that land land question is dry economic value economy at this location allocation only because of Coastal flooding remains suitable for 484 225 existing defences this proposed (that is, the Change in shoreline development development will management policy reduce the capacity to pursue No active intervention or Managed realignment policies). Wash_5_23 A17 If the sea Yes Main road Local Regional HA Encroachment of the Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches connecting community sea, coastal erosion transport benefits of inland, Boston and the road (s) are undermining or Holbeach and maintained loss of the road areas surrounding the Wash

The Wash SMP2 - D112 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_24 B1359 If the sea Yes Main road Local Local HA Encroachment of the Yes No Ensure the encroaches connecting community sea, coastal erosion transport benefits of inland, Gedney Drove the road (s) are undermining or End, Gedney maintained loss of the road Dyke, Long Sutton and Sutton Bridge with each other and the A17 Wash_5_25 Various If the sea Yes Connects Local Local HA Encroachment of the Yes No Ensure the minor roads encroaches various small community sea, coastal erosion transport benefits of and tracks inland, villages and the road (s) are seaward of undermining or scattered maintained the A17 loss of the roads individual properties with each other, the B1359 and the A17 Wash_5_26 Electricity If the sea Yes Economic value Broader Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that risks pylons and encroaches society Coastal flooding to pylons and lines inland, Relocation power lines from between undermining of would be coastal erosion and Holbeach pylons/ need to needed. This coastal flooding are

The Wash SMP2 - D113 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

The Wash SMP2 - D114 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_28 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local/ R Loss of flood bank No Yes Maintain running encroaches Access to the community Regional through encroachment continuous coastal along the inland – loss of countryside in of the sea, coastal footpath access. length of the footpath this area is low erosion secondary and such flood bank footpaths may for the be one of the length of the few means of reach public access to the countryside Wash_5_29 Footpath in If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Loss of path through No Yes Maintain footpath the area of encroaches Access to the community encroachment of the access. Gedney inland – loss of countryside in sea, coastal erosion Marsh footpath this area is low and such footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside

The Wash SMP2 - D115 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_30 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Loss of path through No Yes To ensure that the between encroaches Access to the community encroachment of the transport and Sutton inland – loss of countryside in sea, coastal erosion recreational Corner and footpath this area is low benefits conferred Gedney and such by path are Dyke footpaths may maintained. be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_5_31 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Loss of path through No Yes To ensure that the between encroaches Access to the community encroachment of the transport and Gedney inland – loss of countryside in sea, coastal erosion recreational Dyke and footpath this area is low benefits conferred Gedney and such by path are footpaths may maintained. be one of the few means of public access to the countryside

The Wash SMP2 - D116 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_32 Two If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Loss of path through No Yes To ensure that the footpaths encroaches Access to the community encroachment of the transport and near Sutton inland – loss of countryside in sea, coastal erosion recreational Bridge footpath this area is low benefits conferred and such by path are footpaths may maintained. be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_5_33 Footpath at If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local/ R Loss of path through No Yes Maintain Lutton encroaches Access to the community Regional encroachment of the continuous coastal Marsh inland – loss of countryside in sea, coastal erosion footpath access. footpath this area is low and such footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside

The Wash SMP2 - D117 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_36 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_5_37 WWII Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic pillboxes to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

The Wash SMP2 - D118 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

What could affect its Is there Issue Benefits / Why Issue Potential Affect value/ enough Reference Feature associated with is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? sustainability? of this feature important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_5_38 RAF Damage to site Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To maintain site for Holbeach due to sea (historic) Also community sea historic value and bombing encroaching the site is present use and gunnery currently used range by the RAF Wash_5_39 Sea Venture Damage to wreck Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes No To preserve historic (1810 cargo and potential (historic) community sea features of the vessel undiscovered coast wreck) archaeological remains Wash_5_40 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_5_41 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_5_42 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

The Wash SMP2 - D119 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_44 WWII Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic machine to sea (historic) community sea features of the gun post encroaching coast

Wash_5_45 Ring ditch Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the land encroaching

Wash_5_46 Decoy Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes No To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the land encroaching

Wash_5_47 RAF Damage to site Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To maintain site for Holbeach due to sea (historic). Also community sea historic value and bombing encroaching the site is present use range, currently used storehouse by the RAF

The Wash SMP2 - D120 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_50 WWII anti- Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic tank block to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_5_51 WWII pillbox Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

The Wash SMP2 - D121 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_53 WWII anti- Loss of site due No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic tank blocks to sea (historic) community sea features of the encroaching coast

Wash_5_54 Dawsmere Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve historic House historic site and (historic) community sea features of site (grade II any listed) undiscovered archaeological finds Wash_5_55 Sea bank Potential damage No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No Yes Ensure damage to to historic feature (historic) community sea earth embankment of site is minimised

The Wash SMP2 - D122 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_57 Gedney Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve historic Dawsmere buildings from (historic) community sea features of the post- sea encroaching village medieval settlement Wash_5_58 Windmill Potential damage No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic (site of) to historic site (historic) community sea features of the and any countryside undiscovered finds Wash_5_59 Gedney Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve historic Drove End buildings from (historic) community sea features of the post- sea encroaching village medieval settlement

The Wash SMP2 - D123 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 5 –Fleet Haven Outfall to Guy’s Head

Wash_5_61 Jelly Corner No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic (lost land (historic) community sea features of the mass) coast

The Wash SMP2 - D124 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_6_35 Terrington St If the sea Yes The town Individual Regional CA Direct loss through Yes No To ensure risk to Clement encroaches inland – provides residents/ encroachment properties from services loss of services to services to local coastal erosion and wider area wider community community/ coastal flooding is – sustainable local economy minimised communities and community

4 Here, and in the other established settlements which encompass services, although some substitution is possible, the substitution of the settlement per se is not possible

The Wash SMP2 - D125 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_05 Clenchwarton If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through sea No No To ensure risk to residential encroaches inland - people – loss of residents/ encroaching inland or properties from properties displacement of housing stock local coastal erosion coastal erosion and residents and loss and change in community coastal flooding is of housing stock local Loss of roads or minimised communities services

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_6_36 Clenchwarton If the sea Yes The town Individual Regional CA Direct loss through Yes No To ensure risk to services encroaches provides residents/ encroachment properties from inland – loss of services to local coastal erosion and services to wider wider community community/ coastal flooding is area – sustainable local economy minimised communities and community coherence

The Wash SMP2 - D126 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_6_37 King’s Lynn If the sea Yes The town Individual Regional CA Direct loss through Yes No To ensure risk to services encroaches inland – provides residents/ encroachment properties from loss of services to services to local coastal erosion and wider area wider community community/ coastal flooding is – sustainable local economy minimised communities and community coherence

The Wash SMP2 - D127 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_6_08 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional CA Coastal erosion No No To ensure the food land encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding production benefits inland, loss of of this land are agricultural land Socio-economic maintained. value Wash_6_09 Orchard at If the sea Yes Agricultural Local Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that 565 214 encroaches inland, productivity economy National Coastal flooding economic, food loss of orchard (BAP) production and Conservation Society conservation (BAP) value. benefits of the orchard are

The Wash SMP2 - D128 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_10 Orchard at If the sea Yes Agricultural Local Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that 579 218 encroaches inland, productivity economy National Coastal flooding economic, food loss of orchard (BAP) production and Conservation Society conservation (BAP) value. benefits of the orchard are Socio-economic maintained value Wash_6_11 Orchard at If the sea Yes Agricultural Local Local CA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that 594 214 encroaches inland, productivity economy National Coastal flooding economic, food loss of orchard (BAP) production and Conservation Society conservation (BAP) value. benefits of the orchard are Socio-economic maintained value

The Wash SMP2 - D129 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Conservation value Wash_6_14 Saltmarsh Continued operation Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, habitat along of existing seaward- value community/ International distribution and entire coastal most flood bank will Amenity value local Land take for flood risk quality of saltmarsh reach prolong coastal community/ management or habitat is squeeze and loss of local wildlife development maintained/restored saltmarsh

The Wash SMP2 - D130 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

What could affect its Is there Benefits / Why Issue Potential Issue associated Affect value/ enough Reference Feature is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? of this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_6_15 Mud and sand Continued operation Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, flats along of existing seaward- value (BAP, community/ International distribution and entire coastal most flood bank will SSSI, PSA, local Land-take for flood risk quality of sand and reach prolong coastal WFD and community/ management or mudflat habitat is squeeze and loss of Habitats local wildlife development maintained / sand and mudflats Directive drivers) restored Amenity value Fisheries value (nursery habitat) Flood defence value Wash_6_16 River Great If the sea Yes Conservation Local Regional CA Sea level rise Yes No To ensure that the Ouse encroaches value community/ Inadequate capability for boats inland, change in Potentially of local angling maintenance of to navigate the the river’s profile some community/ existing coastal or channel is and dynamics significance to local wildlife fluvial flood defences maintained navigation both recreational and commercial (port facilities at King’s Lynn)

The Wash SMP2 - D131 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

What could affect its Is there Benefits / Why Issue Potential Issue associated Affect value/ enough Reference Feature is issue Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives with feature policy? sustainability? of this important? theme substitution (threats) benefit? Wash_6_17 Various un- If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of the Yes No Ensure that ditches named encroaches inland, value (limited sea would result in and streams streams and change of feature to value changes in the nature continue to ditches inter-tidal creek of these features contribute to the present at low tide (May be of (Local farming distribution of inter- irrigation value in community) tidal freshwater farming areas) creeks Wash_6_18 Various If streams or ditches Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater are diverted due to value (of high European are diverted due to distribution of and creeks on modifying flood importance to International modifying flood flows in inter-tidal sand and mud defence structures, breeding birds). defence structures, creeks is flats at low loss of distribution of loss of distribution of maintained water creeks. creeks. Concentration of Concentration of flow flow in fewer in fewer channels channels would would reduce the reduce the benefits benefits of these to of these to wading wading birds. birds. Wash_6_19 Water body at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 561 241 encroaches inland – value (limited eutrophication from environmental loss or modification value) nearby agricultural benefits of water of feature activity body

The Wash SMP2 - D132 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature

Wash_6_20 Water body at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 537 260 encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_6_21 Water body at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 527 253 encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature

The Wash SMP2 - D133 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_6_23 Water body at If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 615 249 encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of water modification of activity body feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_6_24 The Wash Need to maintain Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes Yes To achieve SSSI (units: the SSSI units, and value society unfavourable due to favourable 18, 33) all their interest shoreline management condition features in (for example coastal favourable condition squeeze, land-take within the SSSI as a result of advancing the

The Wash SMP2 - D134 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_25 Wash NNR Advancing the line Yes Recreational, Broader National E Coastal squeeze Yes No To maintain the (western would cause loss of educational and society conservation, component of the saltmarsh economic (via Land-take for flood risk amenity and main NNR habitat. In the long- tourism) benefits management or educational area) term holding the line development benefits of the NNR may have adverse implications due to coastal squeeze

If the sea encroaches inland, access roads, paths and car parks may be at risk Wash_6_26 A17 If the sea Yes Main road Local Regional HA Encroachment of the Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches inland, connection communities sea, coastal erosion transport benefits undermining or loss between Boston of the road (s) are of the road and Holbeach maintained and areas

The Wash SMP2 - D135 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_27 Various minor If the sea Yes Connects Local Local HA Encroachment of the Yes No Ensure the roads seaward encroaches inland, Terrington St communities sea, coastal erosion transport benefits of of the A17 undermining or loss Clement, the road (s) are of the roads Clenchwarton, maintained West Lynn and scattered individual properties with each other and the A17 Wash_6_28 Byway along If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Encroachment of the No No To ensure that the left hand bank encroaches Access to the communities sea, coastal erosion transport and of the River inland – loss of countryside in recreational Great Ouse footpath this area is low benefits of the path and such are maintained. footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to

The Wash SMP2 - D136 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_29 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Loss of path through No Yes To ensure that the between 604 encroaches inland – Access to the communities encroachment of the transport and 231 and 614 loss of footpath countryside in sea, coastal erosion recreational 209 this area is low benefits of the path and such are maintained. footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_6_30 Footpath If the sea Yes Amenity value. Local Local R Loss of path through No Yes To ensure that the between 625 encroaches Access to the communities encroachment of the transport and 218 and 628 inland – loss of countryside in sea, coastal erosion recreational 242 footpath this area is low benefits conferred and such by path are footpaths may maintained. be one of the few means of public access to

The Wash SMP2 - D137 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_31 Electricity Yes Economic value Broader Regional HA Coastal erosion Yes Yes To ensure that risks pylons and society Coastal flooding to pylons and lines running Relocation would power lines from to the north be needed. This coastal erosion and west of would have coastal flooding are If the sea Clenchwarton financial minimised encroaches inland, implications and undermining of place a burden pylons/ need to on the planning relocate power lines system. It would also have potentially adverse effects elsewhere. Wash_6_32 Training walls Yes Navigational Broader Regional HA Inadequate Yes Yes To ensure that the next to Lynn value society maintenance capability for boats Channel to navigate the Change in coastal channel is defences such that the maintained

The Wash SMP2 - D138 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_33 Port facilities Yes Economic Value Regional Regional HA Loss of facility or loss Yes No To maintain port Loss of facilities or at Sutton economy of/reduction in facilities access to facilities Bridge accessibility to or reduction in facilities due to economic viability of changes in the wash facilities coastline or the Nene

outfall cut Wash_6_38 Nar Increased boating Yes Imposes Regional Regional R Lack of co-ordination No Yes Ensure that Nar Freshwater traffic potential economy of SMP and waterway link navigation link constraints on development of Nar project is Means SMP policies SMP waterway link developed in line must ensure with SMP policies compatibility with and vice versa the Fens Waterway Link

The Wash SMP2 - D139 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_39 Nar and Ouse Compatibility of Yes Value to local Local Local CA SMP policies may No Yes To ensure that regeneration developments with economy economy/ render proposed developments are area (port and SMP policies Social value local developments planned and marina community unsustainable integrated with development) SMP policy Developments may constrain SMP policy options Wash_6_40 Modern cadge No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes No To maintain bank bank (historic) community sea, coastal erosion

Wash_6_41 Timber post Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve post value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D140 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_43 Wreck Prevention of use by No Social value Wreck used Local H No No Maintain wreck site RAF for target by RAF for as a target practice practice target practice area

Wash_6_44 Timber post Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve post value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

Wash_6_45 Timber post Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve post value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

Wash_6_46 Timber post Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve post value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D141 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_48 Wreck Prevention of use by No Social value Wreck used Local H No No Maintain wreck site RAF for target by RAF for as a target practice practice target practice area

Wash_6_49 Six timber Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve posts posts value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

Wash_6_50 Mounds Damage through No Local community Local Unknown/ H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To maintain sea encroaching value community unimportant sea, coastal erosion mounds

Wash_6_51 Bank/ sea Damage through No Local community Local Unknown/ H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To maintain defence sea encroaching value community unimportant sea, coastal erosion mounds and coastal erosion

The Wash SMP2 - D142 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_53 Timber post Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve post value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

Wash_6_54 Timber post Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve post value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

Wash_6_55 Jetty/ timber Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the No No To preserve posts posts value through sea (historic) community sea, coastal erosion encroaching

Wash_6_56 WWII pillbox Loss of site due to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic sea encroaching (historic) community sea features of the coast

The Wash SMP2 - D143 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 6 – Guy’s Head to River Great Ouse

Wash_6_58 Deep water No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic cutting (historic) community sea features of the coast

Wash-6_59 St Philips Damage to site and No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic mission potential historic (historic) community sea features of the church remains. coast (demolished)

Wash_6_60 Lighthouse Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic (disused) feature of the coast (historic) community sea features of the through coast encroachment

Wash_6_61 Lighthouse Damage to historic No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of the Yes Yes To preserve historic (disused) feature of the coast (historic) community sea features of the through coast encroachment

The Wash SMP2 - D144 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_7_34 South If the sea Yes The town Individual Regional CA Direct loss of Yes No To ensure risk to Wooton encroaches provides residents/ services through properties from services inland – loss services to local encroachment coastal erosion and of services to wider community/ coastal flooding is wider area community – local minimised sustainable economy communities and community coherence Wash_7_04 Castle If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No No To ensure risk to Rising encroaches people – loss residents/ the sea encroaching properties from residential inland - of housing local inland or coastal coastal erosion and properties displacement stock and community erosion coastal flooding is of residents change in minimised and loss of local Loss of roads or housing stock communities services

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change

The Wash SMP2 - D145 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_7_35 Castle If the sea Yes The town Individual Regional CA Direct loss of Yes No To ensure risk to Rising encroaches provides residents/ services through properties from services inland – loss services to local encroachment coastal erosion and of services to wider community/ coastal flooding is wider area community – local minimised sustainable economy communities and community coherence Wash_7_05 Wolferton If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No No To ensure risk to residential encroaches people – loss residents/ the sea encroaching properties from properties inland - of housing local inland or coastal coastal erosion and displacement stock and community erosion coastal flooding is of residents change in minimised and loss of local Loss of roads or housing stock communities services

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change

The Wash SMP2 - D146 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_7_36 Wolferton If the sea Yes The town Individual Regional CA Direct loss of Yes No To ensure risk to services encroaches provides residents/ services through properties from inland – loss services to local encroachment coastal erosion and of services to wider community/ coastal flooding is wider area community – local minimised Sustainable economy communities and community coherence Wash_7_06 Other If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure risk to properties encroaches people – loss residents/ the sea encroaching properties from within reach inland - of housing local inland or coastal coastal erosion and area displacement stock and community erosion coastal flooding is of residents change in minimised and loss of local Loss of roads or housing stock communities services

Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change

The Wash SMP2 - D147 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_7_07 Agricultural If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional C Coastal erosion No No To ensure the food land encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding production benefits inland, loss of of this land are agricultural Socio- maintained. land economic value Wash_7_08 Saltmarsh Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, habitat operation of value community/ International distribution and along entire existing Amenity local Land take for flood quality of saltmarsh coastal seaward- value community/ risk management or habitat is reach most flood local wildlife development maintained/restored bank will prolong coastal squeeze and loss of saltmarsh Wash_7_09 Mud and Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the area, sand flats operation of value (BAP, community/ International distribution and along entire existing SSSI, PSA, local Land-take for flood quality of sand and coastal seaward- WFD and community/ risk management or mudflat habitat is reach most flood Habitats local wildlife development maintained / bank will Directive restored

The Wash SMP2 - D148 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Flood defence value Wash_7_10 Babingley If the sea Yes Nature Local National E Encroachment of Yes No To maximise River encroaches conservation community/ (WFD) the sea would result conservation and inland, loss or and local angling Local in changes in the angling recreation removal of recreational community/ river value of the river feature. angling value local wildlife However, the (particularly river is highly upstream of modified in its 638 283 lower where reaches, and reaches are tidal incursion less could improve modified)

The Wash SMP2 - D149 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? its ecological value. Feature will change to inter-tidal creek, present at low tide Wash_7_11 Various un- If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of Yes No Ensure that ditches named encroaches value (limited (Local the sea would result and streams streams inland, value) farming in changes in the continue to and ditches change of (May be of community) nature of these contribute to the feature to irrigation features distribution of inter- inter-tidal value in tidal freshwater creek at low farming creeks tide areas) Wash_7_12 Various If streams or Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater ditches are value (of European are diverted due to distribution of and creeks on diverted due high International modifying flood flows in inter-tidal sand and to modifying importance defence structures, creeks is mud flats at flood defence to breeding loss of distribution of maintained low water structures, birds. creeks. loss of Concentration of

The Wash SMP2 - D150 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? distribution of flow in fewer creeks. channels would Concentration reduce the benefits of flow in of these to wading fewer birds. channels would reduce the benefits of these to wading birds. Wash_7_13 Water body If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain inland of encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental sea wall at inland – loss value) nearby agricultural benefits of water 653 305 or activity body modification of feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_7_14 Boathouse If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of Yes No To maximise the Creek encroaches value the sea would result conservation value inland – in changes in the of the river modification river

The Wash SMP2 - D151 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_15 Dersingham Land is Yes Contribution Local wildlife/ International E Encroachment of Yes No To maintain the Bog probably too to legal broader the sea would nature conservation high to requirements society possibly result in features for which experience (obligations hydro-ecological the site is flooding. under the changes to the site. designated. If the sea Habitats encroaches Directive) To maintain SSSI inland, may and national components in alter the site’s statutory favourable hydro- objectives condition. ecology or (SSSI PSA nutrient target) To ensure that site balance, integrity of SAC/ leading to Ramsar site is modification maintained and that or loss of favourable habitats and conservation status species of is achieved / high maintained

The Wash SMP2 - D152 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_16 Wooton Car Land is Yes Socio- Local Local E Encroachment of Yes No To maintain the woodland probably too economic community/ the sea would woodland high to value local wildlife possibly result in experience hydro-ecological flooding. Conservation changes to the site. If the sea value encroaches inland, loss of feature at that location, leading to modification or loss of habitats and species of high conservation value

The Wash SMP2 - D153 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

The Wash SMP2 - D154 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

The Wash SMP2 - D155 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Conservation value Wash_7_20 Castle at If the sea Yes Historic Local Local H Coastal erosion Yes No To maintain the Castle encroaches value and economy/ Coastal flooding woodland Rising (666 inland, the economic local 246) castle may be value community at risk Wash_7_21 The Wash Need to Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes Yes To achieve SSSI (units: maintain the value society unfavourable due to favourable 19, 20, 39, SSSI units shoreline condition 40) and all their management (for interest example coastal features in squeeze, land-take favourable within the SSSI as a condition result of advancing the line

The Wash SMP2 - D156 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

If the sea encroaches inland, access roads, paths and car parks may be at risk

The Wash SMP2 - D157 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_7_23 A 149, If the sea Yes Key road Local Regional HA Encroachment of Yes Yes Ensure the A1078 and encroaches routes community the sea, coastal transport benefits of A148 inland, through erosion the road (s) are undermining King’s Lynn maintained or loss of the and linking road King’s Lynn to north Norfolk Wash_7_24 Minor roads If the sea Yes Amenity Local Regional HA Encroachment of Yes No Ensure the near North encroaches value community the sea, coastal transport benefits of Wooton, inland, erosion the road (s) are Castle undermining maintained Rising and or loss of the Wolferton roads Wash_7_25 Tracks If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Encroachment of Yes No To ensure that the throughout encroaches value. community the sea, coastal transport and reach area inland, Access to erosion recreational undermining the benefits of the path or loss of the countryside are maintained. tracks in this area is low and such footpaths may be one

The Wash SMP2 - D158 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

The Wash SMP2 - D159 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_28 Car parking If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Encroachment of Yes Yes To maintain car near Castle encroaches value community the sea, coastal parking at this site Rising at inland – loss erosion 667 246 of car park

Wash_7_29 King’s Lynn Loss of Yes Economic Regional Regional HA Loss of facility or Yes No Maintain port port facilities or value economy loss of/reduction in facilities facilities access to accessibility to facilities or facilities due to reduction in changes in the economic Wash coastline, viability of Lynn Channel or facilities lower reaches of the River Great Ouse. Wash_7_30 Nature trail Potentially Yes Amenity Local Local R Loss of nearby No No To maintain nature at increased value community coastal paths trail Dersingham visitor Educational Bog pressure due value To ensure visitor to numbers are

The Wash SMP2 - D160 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is Beneficiaries its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? displacement maintained at levels from lower- consistent with the lying paths international nature lost due to conservation changed designation shoreline requirements of the management site. or natural processes Wash_7_31 Museum at If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Encroachment of No Yes To ensure risk to 659 287 encroaches value communities/ the sea, coastal museum from inland, loss of Educational local erosion coastal erosion and museum value economy coastal flooding is minimised Wash_7_32 Caravan If the sea Yes Value to Local Local R Encroachment of Yes Yes To ensure risk to site at encroaches local economy the sea, coastal caravan site from Shepherds inland, loss of economy, erosion coastal erosion and Port caravan site tourism coastal flooding is value minimised Wash_7_33 Jetty and If the sea Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of No No To ensure risk to group of encroaches, (historic) community the sea, coastal jetty from coastal posts damage or erosion erosion and coastal loss of jetty flooding is

The Wash SMP2 - D161 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_34 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_35 Quay/ rows If the sea Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To ensure risk to of timber encroaches, (historic) community the sea, coastal jetty from coastal posts damage or erosion erosion and coastal loss of jetty flooding is minimised Wash_7_36 Landing Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts stage or historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal quay/ through sea erosion timber encroaching posts Wash_7_37 Wreck Prevention of No Social value Wreck used Local H No No Maintain wreck site use by RAF by RAF for as a target practice for target target area practice practice

The Wash SMP2 - D162 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_39 Iron post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_40 Timber Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts posts/ historic value (historical) community the sea, coastal and maintain revetment and and erosion revetment protection protection through sea encroaching and coastal erosion Wash_7_41 Wreck Prevention of No Social value Wreck used Local H No No Maintain wreck site use by RAF by RAF for as a target practice for target target area practice practice

The Wash SMP2 - D163 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_43 Mooring Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts bollard/ historic value (historical) community the sea, coastal timber through sea erosion posts encroaching

Wash_7_44 Timber Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts posts historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_45 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_46 Jetty/ Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts timber historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal posts through sea erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D164 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_49 Mooring Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts bollard/ historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal timber through sea erosion posts encroaching

Wash_7_50 Revetment Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve and historic value (historic) and community the sea, coastal maintain revetment and protection erosion protection through sea encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D165 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_51 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_52 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_53 Bank/ Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve brick building historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal wall fragment material/ through sea erosion defence encroaching

Wash_7_54 Timber Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts posts/ historic value (historic) and community the sea, coastal and maintain revetment through sea protection erosion revetment encroaching and coastal

The Wash SMP2 - D166 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_55 Timber Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts posts/ historic value (historic) and community the sea, coastal and maintain boundary through sea protection erosion revetment marker encroaching and coastal erosion Wash_7_56 Bank/ Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve brick building historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal and timber posts material/ through sea erosion defence encroaching

Wash_7_57 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D167 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_59 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post fragment historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_60 Timber Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts posts historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_61 Building Damage to Yes Social value Regional Regional H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve material/ historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal concrete and timber timber through sea erosion posts posts encroaching

Wash_7_62 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D168 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_64 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_65 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_66 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_67 Jetty/ Damage to Yes Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve posts timber historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal posts through sea erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D169 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

Wash_7_69 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_70 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_71 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_7_72 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve post historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal through sea erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D170 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 7- River Great Ouse to Wolferton Creek

The Wash SMP2 - D171 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_8_02 Properties in If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No No To ensure Dersingham west encroaches people – loss residents/ sea encroaching risk to of B1440 inland - of housing local inland or coastal properties displacement of stock and community erosion from coastal residents and change in erosion and loss of housing local Loss of roads or coastal stock communities services flooding is minimised Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_8_03 Shepherd’s Port If the sea Yes Homes for Local Local HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure encroaches people – loss economy sea encroaching risk to inland - of housing inland or coastal properties displacement of stock and erosion from coastal residents and change in erosion and loss of housing local Loss of roads or coastal stock communities services flooding is minimised Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural

The Wash SMP2 - D172 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_04 Other properties If the sea Yes Homes for Individual Local HA Direct loss through No Yes To ensure in reach area encroaches people – loss residents/ sea encroaching risk to inland - of housing local inland or coastal properties displacement of stock and community erosion from coastal residents and change in erosion and loss of housing local Loss of roads or coastal stock communities services flooding is minimised Loss of value due to likely future coastal management/natural change Wash_8_05 Agricultural land If the sea Yes Agricultural Broader Regional CA Coastal erosion No No To ensure the encroaches productivity society National Coastal flooding food inland, loss of production agricultural land Socio- benefits of economic this land are value maintained.

The Wash SMP2 - D173 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Coastal squeeze

Land-take for flood risk management or development Wash_8_07 Mud and sand Continued Yes Conservation Scientific National / P Coastal squeeze Yes Yes To ensure the flats along entire operation of value (BAP, community/ International extent, coastal reach existing SSSI, PSA, local Land-take for flood distribution seaward-most WFD and community/ risk management or and quality of flood bank will Habitats local wildlife development sand and prolong coastal Directive mudflat squeeze and drivers) habitat is loss of sand Amenity maintained /

The Wash SMP2 - D174 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Fisheries value (nursery habitat)

Flood defence value Wash_8_08 The Ingol If the sea Yes Nature Local angling local E Sea level rise Yes No To maximise encroaches conservation community/ conservation inland, change Recreational local wildlife and angling of feature to angling value recreation inter-tidal creek value of the at low tide river Wash_8_09 Other un-named If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Encroachment of Yes No Ensure that streams and encroaches value (limited (Local the sea would result ditches and ditches in reach inland, change value) farming in changes in the streams area of feature to (May be of community) nature of these continue to inter-tidal creek irrigational features contribute to at low tide value in the farming distribution of

The Wash SMP2 - D175 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_10 Various If streams or Yes Conservation Local wildlife National E If streams or ditches Yes No Ensure the freshwater creeks ditches are value (of European are diverted due to distribution of on sand and mud diverted due to high International modifying flood and flows in flats at low water modifying flood importance defence structures, inter-tidal defence to breeding loss of distribution of creeks is structures, loss birds). creeks. maintained of distribution of Concentration of creeks. flow in fewer Concentration channels would of flow in fewer reduce the benefits channels would of these to wading reduce the birds. benefits of these to wading birds. Wash_8_11 Water body at 664 If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain 314 encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of modification of activity water body

The Wash SMP2 - D176 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_8_12 Elongate water If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain body, inland of encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental seaward flood inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of bank, at 654 304 modification of activity water body feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_8_13 Elongate water If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain body, inland of encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental seaward flood inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of bank at 652 304 modification of activity water body feature Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature

The Wash SMP2 - D177 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_8_14 Two neighbouring If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Siltation and Yes Yes Maintain water bodies at encroaches value (limited eutrophication from environmental Shepherd’s Port, inland – loss or value) nearby agricultural benefits of inland of seaward modification of activity water body flood bank at 651 feature 328 Encroachment of the sea would result in the loss of the feature Wash_8_15 Various small If the sea Yes Timber Local wildlife Local E Coastal flooding Yes Yes Maintain areas of woodland encroaches productivity woodland throughout the inland, loss of Coastal erosion reach area feature at that Socio- location economic value

Conservation value Wash_8_16 Water If the sea Yes Conservation Local wildlife Local E Sea level rise Yes Yes Maintain bodies/lagoons encroaches value environmental seaward of the inland, loss of Coastal erosion benefits of seaward flood feature at that water body bank, along the location

The Wash SMP2 - D178 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_17 The Wash SSSI Need to Yes Conservation Broader National E SSSI units become Yes Yes To achieve (units 59, 60, 40) maintain the value society unfavourable due to favourable SSSI units and shoreline condition all their interest management (for features in example coastal favourable squeeze, land-take condition within the SSSI as a result of advancing the line Wash_8_26 RSPB Snettisham Loss of reserve Yes Conservation Local Local E Coastal squeeze No Yes Maintain reserve facilities and value community/ Regional conservation, access due to local wildlife educational flooding/erosion Educational and amenity value benefits of the Loss of habitat RSPB at the reserve Amenity reserve due to coastal value squeeze or new coastal

The Wash SMP2 - D179 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_18 A149 If the sea Yes This is the Local Regional HA Encroachment of Yes Yes Ensure the encroaches main road community the sea, coastal transport inland, connecting erosion benefits of the undermining or settlements road (s) are loss of the road on the east maintained side of the Wash with each other and further afield Wash_8_19 Minor road If the sea Yes This is the Local Local HA Encroachment of Yes No Ensure the between encroaches only road community the sea, coastal transport Snettisham and inland, connecting erosion benefits of the Shepherd’s Port undermining or Shepherd’s road (s) are loss of the road port (which maintained includes a seasonally large caravan site

The Wash SMP2 - D180 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? population) with Snettisham and the A149 and the wider road network Wash_8_20 Other tracks in If the sea Yes Agricultural Local Local CA Encroachment of Yes No Maintain reach area encroaches value community the sea, coastal continuous inland, Amenity erosion coastal undermining or value footpath loss of the access. tracks Wash_8_21 Bridleway/footpath If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Encroachment of No Yes To ensure west of A149 encroaches value. community the sea, coastal that the inland – loss of Access to erosion transport and footpath the recreational countryside benefits of the in this area is path are low and such maintained. footpaths may be one of the few

The Wash SMP2 - D181 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_22 Road used as a If the sea Yes Amenity Local Local R Encroachment of No No To ensure public path west encroaches value. community the sea, coastal that the of A149 inland – loss of Access to erosion transport and footpath the recreational countryside benefits of the in this area is path are low and such maintained. footpaths may be one of the few means of public access to the countryside Wash_8_23 Picnic Site near If the sea Yes Value to Local Local R Encroachment of No Yes Dersingham at encroaches local economy the sea, coastal 678 303 inland, loss of economy, erosion picnic site tourism value

The Wash SMP2 - D182 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Benefits / What could affect Is there Issue Issue Potential Affect Why is its value/ enough Reference Feature associated Beneficiaries Scale type / for Objectives policy? issue sustainability? of this with feature theme substitution important? (threats) benefit? Wash_8_24 Camping and If the sea Yes Value to Local Local R Encroachment of Yes Yes To ensure caravan site at encroaches local economy the sea, coastal risk to Shepherd’s Port inland, loss of economy, erosion caravan site (655 334) caravan site tourism from coastal value erosion and coastal flooding is minimised Wash_8_25 Shoreline in Local desires to Yes Economic Scientific Local R Inappropriate Yes No To ensure general (need to establish a pier value community/ Regional establishment of that any establish location) in the area Amenity local European harbour/pier developments value community/ International facilities are Potential Threat to local wildlife compatible establishment shoreline with SMP of a harbour shape, policies and processes statutory and designations landscape. Increased recreational activity (disturbance to

The Wash SMP2 - D183 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_27 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal post through sea erosion encroaching

Wash_8_28 Timber post Damage to No Social value Local Local H Encroachment of Yes No To preserve historic value (historic) community the sea, coastal post through sea erosion encroaching

The Wash SMP2 - D184 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010

Unit 8 – Wolferton Creek to Snettisham Scalp

Wash_8_30 Mounds and Damage from No Social value Local Unknown/ H Yes No To preserve hollows (potential erosion and unimportant mounds and ponds or quarry) encroachment hollows

The Wash SMP2 - D185 - Appendix D – Thematic Review August 2010