DOCSLIB.ORG

Ifmsa-Whrd-Scorp-Manual.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ifmsa-Whrd-Scorp-Manual.Pdf IFMSA Imprint was founded in May 1951 and is run by medical Editors in Chief students, for medical students, on a non-profit Fares El-Fares basis. IFMSA is officially recognised as a non- Design/Layout governmental organisation within the United Hassan Aboul-Nour, Egypt Nations’ system and has official relations with the World Health Organisation. It is the international forum for medical students, and one of the largest student organisations in the world. is to offer future physicians a Publisher A International Federation of comprehensive introduction to Medical Students’ Associations General Secretariat: global health issues. Through IFMSA c/o WMA B.P. 63 our programs and opportunities, 01212 Ferney-Voltaire, France Phone: +33 450 404 759 Fax: +33 450 405 937 we develop culturally sensitive Email: [email protected] students of medicine, intent on Homepage: www.ifmsa.org influencing the transnational Contacts [email protected] inequalities that shape the health The mission of IFMS of our planet. ABBREVIATIONS AI Amnesty International Partner Organization. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against CEDAW Women. CESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. CRC Convention on the Rights of the Children. DA Development Assistant. DHR Derechos Human Rights. Partner Organization. ENAR European Network Against Racism. Partner Organization. GLPHR Global Lawyers and Physicians. Partner Organization. HRW HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH. PARTNER OrganiZATION. ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross. Partner Organization. International Federation of Health and Human Rights Organization. Part- IFHHRO ner Organization. IFMSA International Federation of Medical Students ‘Associations. International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War. Partner Organ- IPPNW ization. LC Local Committee. LO Laison Officer: One of the IFMSA´s Officials. LORP Local Officer on Human Rights and Peace. MSF Médicins Sans Frontiérs (Doctors Without Borders). Partner Organization. National Member Organization. Represents a country or a territory in NMO IFMSA. NORP National Officer on Human Rights and Peace. PHR Physicians for Human Rights. Partner Organization. PIH Partners in Health. Partner Organization. RA Regional Assistant: Coordinates the SCORP activity in a region. SCORP TEAM Headed by the SCORP-D and formed with RAs and DAs. Training New Human Rights Trainers: A pre-GA to form a recognized IFM- TNHRT SA-Trainer, capable of giving trainings. UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Partner Organization. 04 IFMSA SCORP World HUMAN RIGHTS Day Manual TABLE OF DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS www.ifmsa.org 05 HISTORY BEHIND HUMAN RIGHTS What makes difference between modern society their legal systems. Though some of the points of Mag- and caveman? Some will say its technology and new na Carta have since been revoked or edited, traces of prospects ahead of us, some will argue that its great it can be found in almost every country’s constitution. cultural heritage that mankind has acquired throughout history. But we will tell you that it is the understanding of Human Rights. Boundaries that defend every human being is the very foundation of developed society. Mankind did not come to this easily. It took years of fighting and thinking and finally we have the set of basic rights that person gets the day she is born. The first step was made by the Achaemenid Persian Empire Cyrus the Great in the 6th century B.C. After his con- quest of Babylon in 539 BC, the king issued the Cyrus cylinder which established unprecedented principles of human rights. Next step was made by The Islamic prophet Muhammad, who lived in the 7th century; He played a huge role in granting human rights to Arabs. The pre-Islamic Arab society was one in which women had no rights and were treated as property by their husbands. They had no say in the family matters and had no right to inheritance of property. Muhammad drafted the constitution of Medina, which was a formal agreement between him and all of the influential families. Some of the things the document granted the citizens were freedom of religion, women rights and the right to live in a peaceful place without violence. Most historians agree that the levels of human rights Muhammad had achieved were unprecedented at that time anywhere in the world, including the biggest countries in Europe. The Magna Carta was the first document during the middle ages that limited the right of the King to punish people. According to the document, which was issued in 1215, the king did not have the power to punish any citizen unless they broke a state or common law. This document is the foundation of human rights not only in Europe, but across the whole world. It helped spread the concept of democracy across the planet and made people realize that the king himself is bound under the law. Furthermore, the American colonies actually used the Magna Carta as their main model while designing 06 IFMSA SCORP World HUMAN RIGHTS Day Manual HISTORY BEHIND HUMAN RIGHTS Several 17th and 18th centuries European philoso- naturally free and equal. Though Locke believed phers, most notably John Locke, developed the con- natural rights were derived from divinity since cept of natural rights, the notion that people are humans were creations of God, his ideas were impor- tant in the development of the modern notion of rights. Locke´s natural rights did not rely on citizenship nor any law of the state, nor were they necessarily limited to one particular ethnic, cultural or religious group. Around the same time, in 1689 the English Bill of Rights was created. In 18th century in United States two major events took place which had huge impact on developing the human rights. United States Decla- ration of Independence includes concepts of natural rights and famously states “that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” Many groups and movements have managed to achieve profound social changes over the course of the 20th century in the name of human rights. In West- ern and North America, labor unions brought about laws granting workers the right to strike, establishing minimum work conditions and forbidding or regulating child labor. The women’s rights movement succeeded in gaining for many women the right to vote. Liberation movements in many countries succeeded in driving out colonial powers. One of the most influential was Mahatma Gandhi’s movement to free his native India from British rule. Movements by long-oppressed racial and religious minorities succeeded in many parts of the world, among them the civil rights movement, and more recent diverse identity politics movements, on behalf of women and minorities in the United States. The foundation of the International Committee of the Red Cross, the 1864 Lieber Code and the first of the Geneva Conventions in 1864 laid the foundations of International humanitarian law, to be further devel- oped following the two World Wars. Between world wars International Labor Organiza- tion was established as agency of League Of Nations. ILO promoted several issues which were later included in Universal Declaration of Human Rights. ILO is now part of UN. www.ifmsa.org 07 HISTORY BEHIND HUMAN RIGHTS The idea of human rights emerged stronger after want and fear. The calls came from across the World War II. The extermination by Nazi Germany globe for human rights standards to protect citizens of over six million Jews, Sinti and Romani (gypsies), from abuses by their governments, standards against homosexuals, and persons with disabilities horrified the which nations could be held accountable for the treat- world. Trials were held in Nuremberg and Tokyo after ment of those living within their borders. These voices World War II, and officials from the defeated coun- played a critical role in the San Francisco meeting that tries were punished for committing war crimes, “crimes drafted the United Nations Charter in 1945. against peace,” and “crimes against humanity.” Gov- One of the greatest achievements of UN in the ernments then committed themselves to establishing field of human rights was creation of UDHR. Member the United Nations, with the primary goal of bolstering states of the United Nations pledged to promote re- international peace and preventing conflict. People spect for the human rights of all. To advance this goal, wanted to ensure that never again would anyone be the UN established a Commission on Human Rights unjustly denied life, freedom, food, shelter, and na- and charged it with the task of drafting a document tionality. The essence of these emerging human rights spelling out the meaning of the fundamental rights and principles was captured in President Franklin Delano freedoms proclaimed in the Charter. The Commission, Roosevelt’s 1941 State of the Union Address when he guided by Eleanor Roosevelt’s forceful leadership, spoke of a world founded on four essential freedoms: captured the world’s attention. The UDHR was framed freedom of speech and religion and freedom from by members of the Human Rights Commission, with Eleanor Roosevelt as Chair, who began to discuss an International Bill of Rights in 1947. The members of the Commission did not immediately agree on the form of such a bill of rights, and whether, or how, it should be enforced. The Commission proceeded to frame the UDHR and accompanying treaties, but the UDHR quickly became the priority. The inclusion of both civil and political rights and economic, social and cultural rights was predicated on the assumption that basic human rights are indivisible and that the different types of rights listed are inextricably linked. Though this principle was not opposed by any member states at the time of adoption (the declaration was adopted unanimously, with the abstention of the Soviet bloc, Apartheid South Africa and Saudi Arabia), this princi- ple was later subject to significant challenges.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Die Terrakotta Armee Des Ersten Kaisers Von China – Eine Zeitreise
    [August 2011]1 Published by the German Association The Magazine for the German-speaking Community in Singapore Die Terrakotta Armee des ersten Kaisers von China – eine Zeitreise Ein Anemonenfisch als Samariter Ausbildung für zukünftige Sterneköche IMPULSE-New JETTA-297(H)x210(W)mm HR.pdf 1 7/7/11 11:32 AM 2 Editorial 3 EditorialLiebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, Seite 16 Ein Blick in das Innere der Ich heiße Sie alle herzlich willkommen zurück in Singapur nach der Sommerpause. katholischen Kirche St. Mary Ein ganz besonderes Willkommen gilt allen neuen Lesern von Impulse, die gerade of the Angels. erst nach Singapur gezogen sind. Wir hoffen, Sie leben sich schnell ein. Über Impulse erfahren Sie, was aktuell in Singapur los ist. Und da passiert im August eine ganze Menge. Am 9. August begeht die Stadt ihren 46. Nationalfeiertag. Die Feierlichkeiten inklusive der National Day Parade in der Marina Bay sind beeindru- ckend, insbesondere jetzt, wo das Areal des Marina Bay Sands komplett fertigge- stellt ist. Jedes Jahr wird eigens für den Nationalfeiertag ein Song komponiert. In diesem Jahr lautet der Titel „In a heartbeat“. Am 30. August begeht Singapur einen weiteren Feiertag, Hari Raya Puasa. Es endet für die muslimische Gemeinschaft die Fastenzeit. Aber das sind nur die Feiertage. Singapur hat eine ganze Menge mehr zu bieten. Welch hoher Besuch Seite 18 aus Deutschland Anfang Juni in Singapur war, lesen Sie auf den Seiten 8 bis 10. Außerdem hat ein kulturelles Highlight zum ersten Mal seinen Weg nach Singapur Das “Achte Weltwunder” gastiert im ACM in Singapur: gefunden: die Terrakotta Armee.
    [Show full text]
  • Designing Peace Catalyst: Designing Peace
    ISSUE 12 I SUMMER/FALL 2013 Leading Creative Economies Designing Peace Catalyst: Designing Peace What to Expect CATALYST was designed to stimulate thinking and encourage conversation about the role of strategic design in defining and devel- oping creative economies and thriving cultures for an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable future. CATALYST is accompanied by a blog that is our means of continuing the conversation between print publications. Blog posts are related to, as well as unique from, those in the print publication. You can find the CATALYST blog on our website: http://www.catalystreview.net 11 28 27 36 01 28 52 Catalyzing the i Am Here for You Infographic: Conversation By Barbara Arredondo Measuring What Matters 02 34 By Vimvipa “Pla” Poome From Empowering Communities catalystreview.net for Peace and Resilience 54 By Vipavee Kunavichayanont Tools for 06 Catalyzing Change Designing Peace for 42 the Seven Billion Peace and Commerce 58 By Alvaro Serrano Interview with Grant Elliot Catalysts: 46 Richa Agarwal 18 The Power of Music to Giselle Carr Placemaking and Create Change Peace By Montserrat Castañon, Pamela Hernan- Interview with David A. Smith dez, and Sacha Wynne The next CATALYST theme will be about Creative Economies. Please submit article concepts and recommendations for resources to: [email protected] Catalyzing the Conversation A WORLD OF SEVEN BILLION requires a generative impulse-a desire to nourish and nurture, engage and enable. Generativity requires creativity, but creativity is often very individual and focused on expression in form. Generativity is collaborative and focused on generating new possibilities in a variety of forms.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreword by the High Commissioner
    OHCHRREPORT2016 Foreword by the High Commissioner High Commissioner Zeid Ra’ad al Hussein. © OHCHR The achievements of my Office in 2016 were especially notable in light of an -em battled context for human rights work. In every region, human rights actors faced challenges to law and principle. Respect for the three great bodies of international law – international humanitarian law; international human rights law and interna- tional refugee law – was eroded. Not coincidentally, conflicts remained intracta- ble, driving out millions of people to seek the basic conditions for life elsewhere. Religious hatred, xenophobia, homophobia and outright racism returned to the front stage. Judicial institutions, which act as checks on executive power, were undermined in several countries. Inequalities deepened divisions – wasting tal- ent, undermining social cohesion and structuring economies to only benefit the few. Governments sharply restricted the ability of people to exercise their civil and political rights, which are essential in themselves and crucial to promoting and protecting economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development. This landscape calls for courage, clarity of conviction, compassion and an unwa- vering focus on our service to victims, human rights defenders, people vulnerable to abuses and humanity as a whole. Faced with today’s intensifying challenges to peaceful coexistence and sustainable development, my Office sees clearly how -es sential the work of upholding our mandate really is. It is my firm belief that human rights principles provide a practical, safer and more sustainable pathway to peace, prosperity and justice. Discrimination, poverty, terrorism and conflict build on each other. Undoing this manufacture of suffering – and replacing it with inclusive development, justice and peace – is our shared responsibility.
    [Show full text]
  • Ein Logo Für Die Menschenrechte
    A logo for human rights – the winning logo, selected from over 15,000 entries from participants in 190 countries, has been presented to the public in New York There is finally a symbol for human rights. On 23 September 2011, alongside the United Nations General Assembly in New York, the “Logo for Human Rights” initiative unveiled the winner of an international online competition. In May, the initiative issued an international call for logo submissions and invited people to judge them online. The response was impressive: from over 15,000 entries, a prominent jury together with the internet community selected the winning logo. The new human rights logo is now available to everyone at no cost as an open source product at www.humanrightslogo.net. The winning design is by Predrag Stakic of Serbia. The 32-year-old freelance graphic designer had the idea for his design when reading the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: “In the preamble it says that human rights are the foundation for creating a free, just, and peaceful world in the future. I put that in the design using two universal symbols – a hand and a bird – to make something new.” The winner of the competition does not think that a single logo can change the world. “Not this one either. But a logo is a symbol around which people can rally, and people can change the world.” The initiative expects the new logo to be widely accepted, because it was developed by the people for the people and was also chosen by them. It is to give a face to peaceful human rights efforts worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • Germany in the Un Security Council
    GERMANY IN THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL PUBLISHED FOR THE EXHIBITION IN THE FEDERAL FOREIGN OFFICE Mural in the United Nations Security Council Chamber. Per Lasson Krohg, © VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn, 2019 GERMANY IN THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL GERMANY IN THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL 4 Foreword Dear reader, Since 1 January 2019, Germany has been a member of the United Nations Security Council. In June 2018, 184 states gave us their votes, thereby electing us for a two- year term on that body – a massive vote of confidence. Germany has particularly benefited from international multilateral cooperation, which is the foundation of our security and our prosperity. Time and again we expe- rience how it is to everyone’s advantage to cooperate multilaterally, to coordinate actions internationally and to establish, respect and enforce common rules. To be able to participate in and help to shape these efforts in the United Nations Security Council, the heart of our international order of peace, gives us special scope to exert influence but also brings special responsibility. We need a strong Security Council for crisis management. For this reason, during our term on the Council we intend to contribute to reinforcing the rules-based inter- national order and multilateralism. And to ensuring that the Security Council is able to find concrete solutions to the pressing crises and conflicts of our age. For I would not like to imagine a global order without this crucial forum for crisis diplomacy. Wherever we are active in the field of foreign policy over the next two years, we shall also be acting as a member of the Security Council.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Opportunities for All: Human Rights in Norway's Foreign Policy
    Meld. St. 10 (2014–2015) Report to the Storting (white paper) Published by: Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Opportunities for All: Human Rights in Norway’s Internet address: Foreign Policy and www.government.no Printed by: Development Cooperation 07 Aurskog AS 08/2015 E JØM RKE IL T M 2 4 9 1 7 3 Trykksak Many of the illustrations in this white paper are from the design project “Poster for Tomorrow”. The project is run by 4 Tomorrow, an independent organisation that works to inspire designers and others to debate human rights through poster art. Cover illustration: Bjørn Sæthren, 07 Media AS. The illustration is based on the universal human rights logo, which was chosen as a symbol through a competition announced on the World Press Freedom Day in 2011. The symbol was among 15 300 proposals from 190 countries that were chosen through a poll on the internet and by an international jury. The logo is available for anyone who wants to use it to promote international human rights (http://www.humanrightslogo.net/). Meld. St. 10 (2014–2015) Report to the Storting (white paper) Opportunities for All: Human Rights in Norway’s Foreign Policy and Development Cooperation Translation from Norwegian. For information only. Contents 1 Summary ....................................... 7 4.2 Peace, humanitarian efforts and combating serious international 2 Introduction ................................. 12 crimes .............................................. 48 4.2.1 Human rights in the context of 3 Thematic priorities in peace efforts .................................... 48 Norway’s international human 4.2.2 Combating impunity for war crimes, rights policy .................................. 17 crimes against humanity and 3.1 Three priority areas ......................
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2016 Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom Annual Report 2016 Annual Report Annual Report 2016
    Annual Report 2016 Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom Annual Report 2016 Annual Report 2016 Jahresbericht 2015 02 03 Can we change the world if we fight for it? http://bit.ly/2tjOCG9 Promotional clip Video 04 Foreword 05 Annual Report 2016 Hans-Dietrich Genscher was an exemplary role model for our liberal Foundation: he personified the courage to choose freedom. A great European and respected German patriot, his services as the architect of German re-unification will remain forever unforgotten, both within the Foun- dation and in broader German society. In June our trustee of many years, Detlef Kleinert, passed away, having been a member of our board of trustees for almost 30 years. On 24 August former Federal President Walter Scheel died, having served for many years as chairperson of our board of trustees. Walter Scheel left his mark on the Foundation thanks to the high esteem in which he was held as a former foreign minister and federal president of Germany, as well as his international network of contacts and his cheerful bonhomie. The year 2016, with its great political debates on the future of Europe, the refugee crisis and the safeguarding of pensions, also had a considerable impact on our education and training activities. The European Future Conference on 8 December 2016 in Berlin was a fitting end to a year marked by Brexit and the crisis of Europe. After the official opening by Federal President Joachim Gauck, the prime ministers of Luxembourg and Slovenia participated in a panel discus- sion with two of our trustees, Christian Lindner and Alexander Graf Lambsdorff.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Rights in Norway's Foreign Policy and Development Cooperation
    Meld. St. 10 (2014–2015) Report to the Storting (white paper) Opportunities for All: Human Rights in Norway’s Foreign Policy and Development Cooperation Many of the illustrations in this white paper are from the design project “Poster for Tomorrow”. The project is run by 4 Tomorrow, an independent organisation that works to inspire designers and others to debate human rights through poster art. Cover illustration: Bjørn Sæthren, 07 Media AS. The illustration is based on the universal human rights logo, which was chosen as a symbol through a competition announced on the World Press Freedom Day in 2011. The symbol was among 15 300 proposals from 190 countries that were chosen through a poll on the internet and by an international jury. The logo is available for anyone who wants to use it to promote international human rights (http://www.humanrightslogo.net/). Meld. St. 10 (2014–2015) Report to the Storting (white paper) Opportunities for All: Human Rights in Norway’s Foreign Policy and Development Cooperation Translation from Norwegian. For information only. Contents 1 Summary ....................................... 7 4.2 Peace, humanitarian efforts and combating serious international 2 Introduction ................................. 12 crimes .............................................. 48 4.2.1 Human rights in the context of 3 Thematic priorities in peace efforts .................................... 48 Norway’s international human 4.2.2 Combating impunity for war crimes, rights policy .................................. 17 crimes against humanity and 3.1 Three priority areas ....................... 17 genocide .......................................... 49 3.2 Individual freedom and public 4.2.3 Human rights in the context of participation .................................... 18 humanitarian efforts ....................... 50 3.2.1 Freedom of expression .................
    [Show full text]
  • The Human Rights Logo the Human Rights Logo
    The Human Rights Logo Human Rights have a symbol! On 23 September 2011, the universal logo for human rights was unveiled in New York. After the initiative “A Logo for Human Rights” had called on everyone to send in their idea for a logo in May 2011, a prominent international jury (including human rights activists such as Aung San Suu Kyi, Ai Weiwei, Muhammad Yunus, Michael Gorbatchev and Jimmy Carter) together with the internet community selected the winning logo from more than 15,300 submissions. The winning design is by Predrag Stakic of Serbia and combines the shape of a hand with that of a bird. It is available to everyone at no cost as an open source product at www.humanrightslogo.net . WhaWhatt is it about? Nearly everybody knows that a heart symbolizes love and a dove means peace. But how can we depict human rights? There are 7 billion people living on this planet, all of them are carriers of human rights – and yet we have no way of transcending all borders to communicate this universal bond. The initiative “A Logo for Human Rights” has now filled this gap! As a Without explanations , it is often impossible universal symbol, the logo has much more than just a to make out protesters’ claims and requests visual meaning: it can draw attention to human rights violations and gives a voice to those fighting for their rights. A logo is easily recognizable and helps people to identify with human rights. A logo carries its message across all language borders, fast and without words – given today’s information-overload on TV and through the internet, this is more important than ever.
    [Show full text]