Occurrence of the Sinus Nematode Skrjabingylus Sp
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The TXNDD Report
December, 2014 The Texas Natural Diversity Database Wildlife Diversity Program, Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept. The TXNDD Report Data Highlight: Mason Mountain WMA By Michael Warriner, Nongame and Rare Species Program Supervisor This past May, staff from the Wildlife Diversity Program District Species Epithet Common Name and all four Wildlife Division Regions assembled at Ma- son Mountain Wildlife Management Area (WMA) to dis- 1, 4, 7-8 Anthus spragueii Sprague’s Pipit cuss species pending federal listing and develop State 7-8 Calidris canutus Red Knot Wildlife Grant (SWG) priorities for those species. Several 8 Crotaphytus reticulatus Reticulate Collared Lizard dozen species are currently pending review under the U.S. 3-7 Deirochelys reticularia miaria Western Chicken Turtle Endangered Species Act in Texas. A key component of 3 Dipodomys elator Texas Kangaroo Rat federal review is current information on the distribution and status of proposed species. Many of the species cur- 4 Eurycea latitans Cascade Caverns Salamander rently in the federal queue have been little studied in the 4 Eurycea neotenes Texas Salamander state so not much is known regarding how many of these 4 Eurycea robusta Blanco Blind Salamander species are faring. The basic need for most species is 4 Eurycea tridentifera Comal Blind Salamander simply status surveys to assess presence/absence to better 4 Haideoporus texanus Edwards Aquifer Diving Beetle define current distributions. 1, 3-4 Holbrookia lacerata Spot-tailed Earless Lizard 4 Lirceolus smithii Texas Troglobitic Water Slater The aim of the Mason Mountain meeting was to whittle down the list of 50+ species pending federal action to a 8 Notophthalmus meridionalis Black-spotted Newt subset of species that actions could be taken on over Fiscal 4 Phreatodrobia imitata Mimic Cavesnail Year 2015. -
Contemporary Land-Use Change Structures Carnivore Communities in Remaining Tallgrass Prairie
Contemporary land-use change structures carnivore communities in remaining tallgrass prairie by Kyle Ross Wait B.S., Kansas State University, 2014 A THESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources College of Agriculture KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2017 Approved by: Major Professor Dr. Adam A. Ahlers Copyright © Kyle Ross Wait 2017. Abstract The Flint Hills ecoregion in Kansas, USA, represents the largest remaining tract of native tallgrass prairie in North America. Anthropogenic landscape change (e.g., urbanization, agricultural production) is affecting native biodiversity in this threatened ecosystem. Our understanding of how landscape change affects spatial distributions of carnivores (i.e., species included in the Order ‘Carnivora’) in this ecosystem is limited. I investigated the influence of landscape structure and composition on site occupancy dynamics of 3 native carnivores (coyote [Canis latrans]; bobcat [Lynx rufus]; and striped skunk [Mephitis mephitis]) and 1 nonnative carnivore (domestic cat, [Felis catus]) across an urbanization gradient in the Flint Hills during 2016-2017. I also examined how the relative influence of various landscape factors affected native carnivore species richness and diversity. I positioned 74 camera traps across 8 urban-rural transects in the 2 largest cities in the Flint Hills (Manhattan, pop. > 55,000; Junction City, pop. > 31,000) to assess presence/absence of carnivores. Cameras were activated for 28 days in each of 3 seasons (Summer 2016, Fall 2016, Winter 2017) and I used multisession occupancy models and an information-theoretic approach to assess the importance of various landscape factors on carnivore site occupancy dynamics. -
Striped Skunk Mephitis Mephitis
Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis Other common names None Introduction Striped skunks are highly recognizable for their distinctive coloring and their ability to spray an extremely foul smelling substance when they feel threatened. Some folks may also recognize them as the inspiration for the Looney Tunes character Pepé le Pew. There are 11 different species in the skunk family, with 5 species residing throughout the United States, but only the striped skunk can be found in New York. Physical Description and Anatomy Striped skunks are about the size of an average domestic cat. Adults can Pepé le Pew weigh anywhere between 2 – 12 lbs (0.9 – 5.4 kg), and are 18 – 32 inches (45.7 – 81.3 cm) long, with the tail making up 7 – 11 inches (17.8 – 27.9 cm) of that length. They have a stout body, short legs, and a long, bushy tail. Each foot is equipped with five strong claws that are used for digging. The bold striping pattern of the glossy black and white fur is highly variable. This coloration is designed to serve as a warning to other species not to bother it, or they will suffer the consequences. Generally, the top of the head is white, which splits into two stripes of white down the back, divided by a stripe of black. The lower parts are black as well. Variations may result in individuals that are all white above and all black below, some other combination of stripes and patches, or almost solid white or black. Skunks have such bold coloration because they Picture showing variation in color patterns of striped skunk. -
Eastern Spotted Skunk Spilogale Putorius
Wyoming Species Account Eastern Spotted Skunk Spilogale putorius REGULATORY STATUS USFWS: Petitioned for Listing USFS R2: No special status USFS R4: No special status Wyoming BLM: No special status State of Wyoming: Predatory Animal CONSERVATION RANKS USFWS: No special status WGFD: NSS3 (Bb), Tier II WYNDD: G4, S3S4 Wyoming Contribution: LOW IUCN: Least Concern STATUS AND RANK COMMENTS The plains subspecies of Eastern Spotted Skunk (Spilogale putorius interrupta) is petitioned for listing under the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA). The species as a whole is assigned a range of state conservation ranks by the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database (WYNDD) due to uncertainty concerning the proportion of its Wyoming range that is occupied, the resulting impact of this on state abundance estimates, and, to a lesser extent, due to uncertainty about extrinsic stressors and population trends in the state. NATURAL HISTORY Taxonomy: There are currently two species of spotted skunk commonly recognized in the United States: the Eastern Spotted Skunk (S. putorius) and the Western Spotted Skunk (S. gracilis) 1-3. The distinction between the eastern and western species has been questioned over the years, with some authors suggesting that the two are synonymous 4, while others maintain that they are distinct based on morphologic characteristics, differences in breeding strategy, and molecular data 5-7. There are 3 subspecies of S. putorius recognized by most authorities 3, but only S. p. interrupta (Plains Spotted Skunk) occurs in Wyoming, while the other two are restricted to portions of the southeastern United States 1. Description: Spotted skunks are the smallest skunks in North America and are easily distinguished by their distinct pelage consisting of many white patches on a black background, compared to the large, white stripes of the more widespread and common striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis). -
Godbois-222-227.Pdf
222 Author’s name Bobcat Diet on an Area Managed for Northern Bobwhite Ivy A. Godbois, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA 39870 L. Mike Conner, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA 39870 Robert J. Warren, Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 Abstract: We quantified bobcat (Lynx rufus) diet on a longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) dominated area managed for northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), hereafter quail. We sorted prey items to species when possible, but for analysis we categorized them into 1 of 5 classes: rodent, bird, deer, rabbit, and other species. Bobcat diet did not dif- fer seasonally (X2 = 17.82, P = 0.1213). Most scats (91%) contained rodent, 14% con- tained bird, 9% contained deer (Odocoileus virginianus), 6% contained rabbit (Sylvila- gus sp.), and 12% contained other. Quail remains were detected in only 2 of 135 bobcat scats examined. Because of low occurrence of quail (approximately 1.4%) in bobcat scats we suggest that bobcats are not a serious predator of quail. Key Words: bobcat, diet, Georgia, Lynx rufus Proc. Annu. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish and Wildl. Agencies 57:222–227 Bobcats are opportunistic in their feeding habits, and their diet often reflects prey availability (Latham 1951). In the Southeast, bobcats prey most heavily on small mammals such as rabbits and cotton rats (Davis 1955, Beasom and Moore 1977, Miller and Speake 1978, Maehr and Brady 1986, Baker et al. 2001). In some regions, bobcats also consume deer. Deer consumption is often highest during fall- winter when there is the possibility for hunter-wounded deer to be consumed and during spring-summer when fawns are available as prey (Buttrey 1979, Story et al. -
Integrating Black Bear Behavior, Spatial Ecology, and Population Dynamics in a Human-Dominated Landscape: Implications for Management
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 8-2017 Integrating Black Bear Behavior, Spatial Ecology, and Population Dynamics in a Human-Dominated Landscape: Implications for Management Jarod D. Raithel Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Raithel, Jarod D., "Integrating Black Bear Behavior, Spatial Ecology, and Population Dynamics in a Human- Dominated Landscape: Implications for Management" (2017). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 6633. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6633 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INTEGRATING BLACK BEAR BEHAVIOR, SPATIAL ECOLOGY, AND POPULATION DYNAMICS IN A HUMAN-DOMINATED LANDSCAPE: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT by Jarod D. Raithel A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Ecology Approved: _______________________ _______________________ Lise M. Aubry, Ph.D. Melissa J. Reynolds-Hogland, Ph.D. Major Professor Committee Member _______________________ _______________________ David N. Koons, Ph.D. Eric M. Gese, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member _______________________ _______________________ Joseph M. Wheaton, Ph.D. Mark R. McLellan, Ph.D. Committee Member Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2017 ii Copyright Jarod Raithel 2017 All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Integrating Black Bear Behavior, Spatial Ecology, and Population Dynamics in a Human-Dominated Landscape: Implications for Management by Jarod D. -
Optimization of Camera Trapping Methods for Surveying Mesopredators in the Appalachian Foothills
Eastern Kentucky University Encompass Honors Theses Student Scholarship Spring 2018 Optimization of Camera Trapping Methods for Surveying Mesopredators in the Appalachian Foothills Courtney R. Hayes Eastern Kentucky University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://encompass.eku.edu/honors_theses Recommended Citation Hayes, Courtney R., "Optimization of Camera Trapping Methods for Surveying Mesopredators in the Appalachian Foothills" (2018). Honors Theses. 553. https://encompass.eku.edu/honors_theses/553 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at Encompass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Encompass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Eastern Kentucky University Optimization of Camera Trapping Methods for Surveying Mesopredators in the Appalachian Foothills Honors Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of HON 420 Spring 2018 By Courtney R. Hayes Mentor Dr. Luke E. Dodd Department of Biological Sciences ii ABSTRACT Optimization of camera trapping methods for surveying mesopredators in the Appalachian foothills Courtney R. Hayes Dr. Luke E. Dodd, Department of Biological Sciences The global decline of apex predators has allowed mesopredator populations to increase, a phenomenon described by the mesopredator release hypothesis (MRH). Some mesopredator species, however, are of conservation concern, such as the eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius). To assess camera deployment strategies and survey for the presence of eastern spotted skunks in the Appalachian Foothills, I conducted baited camera trap surveys in Kentucky, a state for which systematic methodological data is lacking. I surveyed 64 sites across 10 counties over more than 1,200 trap days from October 2017 to April 2018. -
Placental Haemophagous Organs in the Procyonidae and Mustelidae
PLACENTAL HAEMOPHAGOUS ORGANS IN THE PROCYONIDAE AND MUSTELIDAE R. F. S. CREED and J. D. BIGGERS Royal Veterinary College, London, N.W. 1, and the King Ranch Laboratory oj Reproductive Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, U.S.A. {Received 9th January 1964) Summary. A description is given of some of the gross anatomical characteristics of the placenta of representatives of five carnivore species of the families Procyonidae and Mustelidae. Emphasis is laid on the occurrence of well-defined haemophagocytic structures in these placen- tae, which have not, hitherto, been investigated. INTRODUCTION Recently, the name haemophagous organ was proposed for a particular structure found in the raccoon {Procyon lotor lotor L.) placenta (Biggers & Creed, 1962). This highly vascular sac-like structure, which hangs into the allantoic cavity, is of macroscopic dimensions and emerges from a central antimesometrial region of the placental annulus in this procyonid carnivore (Pi. 1, Fig. 1). It increases in size and complexity until about two-thirds to three-quarters of the gestation period has elapsed, after which it regresses. Morphologically it is quite distinct from the rest of the placenta which is labyrinthine, and histo¬ logical examination shows it to be made up of a series of branching and anasto¬ mosing lamellae which consist of a thin core of foetal mesenchyme, containing foetal capillaries, lined on either side by tall foetal columnar epithelial cells. Interlamellar spaces are filled with maternal blood which gains access from the maternal side at the base of the haemophagous organ, and bathes the foetal columnar epithelium. The cells of this epithelium bear every indication of being phagocytic and appear to be concerned essentially with the ingestion of maternal blood corpuscles (Biggers & Creed, 1962; Creed & Biggers, 1963a, b). -
Mammal Species Native to the USA and Canada for Which the MIL Has an Image (296) 31 July 2021
Mammal species native to the USA and Canada for which the MIL has an image (296) 31 July 2021 ARTIODACTYLA (includes CETACEA) (38) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei - Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 7. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Bos bison - American Bison 2. Oreamnos americanus - Mountain Goat 3. Ovibos moschatus - Muskox 4. Ovis canadensis - Bighorn Sheep 5. Ovis dalli - Thinhorn Sheep CERVIDAE - deer 1. Alces alces - Moose 2. Cervus canadensis - Wapiti (Elk) 3. Odocoileus hemionus - Mule Deer 4. Odocoileus virginianus - White-tailed Deer 5. Rangifer tarandus -Caribou DELPHINIDAE - ocean dolphins 1. Delphinus delphis - Common Dolphin 2. Globicephala macrorhynchus - Short-finned Pilot Whale 3. Grampus griseus - Risso's Dolphin 4. Lagenorhynchus albirostris - White-beaked Dolphin 5. Lissodelphis borealis - Northern Right-whale Dolphin 6. Orcinus orca - Killer Whale 7. Peponocephala electra - Melon-headed Whale 8. Pseudorca crassidens - False Killer Whale 9. Sagmatias obliquidens - Pacific White-sided Dolphin 10. Stenella coeruleoalba - Striped Dolphin 11. Stenella frontalis – Atlantic Spotted Dolphin 12. Steno bredanensis - Rough-toothed Dolphin 13. Tursiops truncatus - Common Bottlenose Dolphin MONODONTIDAE - narwhals, belugas 1. Delphinapterus leucas - Beluga 2. Monodon monoceros - Narwhal PHOCOENIDAE - porpoises 1. Phocoena phocoena - Harbor Porpoise 2. Phocoenoides dalli - Dall’s Porpoise PHYSETERIDAE - sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus – Sperm Whale TAYASSUIDAE - peccaries Dicotyles tajacu - Collared Peccary CARNIVORA (48) CANIDAE - dogs 1. Canis latrans - Coyote 2. -
First Documentation of Scent-Marking Behaviors in Striped Skunks (Mephitis Mephitis)
Mammal Research (2021) 66:399–404 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-021-00565-8 ORIGINAL PAPER First documentation of scent-marking behaviors in striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) Kathrina Jackson1 & Christopher C. Wilmers 2 & Heiko U. Wittmer 3 & Maximilian L. Allen4 Received: 9 October 2020 /Accepted: 16 March 2021 / Published online: 11 April 2021 # Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bialowieza, Poland 2021 Abstract Communication behaviors play a critical role in both an individual’s fitness as well as the viability of populations. Solitary animals use chemical communication (i.e., scent marking) to locate mates and defend their territory to increase their own fitness. Previous research has suggested that striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) do not perform scent-marking behaviors, despite being best known for using odor as chemical defense. We used video camera traps to document behaviors exhibited by striped skunks at a remote site in coastal California between January 2012 and April 2015. Our camera traps captured a total of 71 visits by striped skunks, the majority of which (73%) included a striped skunk exhibiting scent-marking behaviors. Overall, we documented 8 different scent-marking behaviors. The most frequent behaviors we documented were cheek rubbing (45.1%), investigating (40.8%), and claw marking (35.2%). The behaviors exhibited for the longest durations on average were grooming (x =34.4s) and investigating (x = 21.2 s). Although previous research suggested that striped skunks do not scent mark, we documented that at least some populations do and our findings suggest that certain sites are used for communication via scent marking. -
Controlled Animals
Environment and Sustainable Resource Development Fish and Wildlife Policy Division Controlled Animals Wildlife Regulation, Schedule 5, Part 1-4: Controlled Animals Subject to the Wildlife Act, a person must not be in possession of a wildlife or controlled animal unless authorized by a permit to do so, the animal was lawfully acquired, was lawfully exported from a jurisdiction outside of Alberta and was lawfully imported into Alberta. NOTES: 1 Animals listed in this Schedule, as a general rule, are described in the left hand column by reference to common or descriptive names and in the right hand column by reference to scientific names. But, in the event of any conflict as to the kind of animals that are listed, a scientific name in the right hand column prevails over the corresponding common or descriptive name in the left hand column. 2 Also included in this Schedule is any animal that is the hybrid offspring resulting from the crossing, whether before or after the commencement of this Schedule, of 2 animals at least one of which is or was an animal of a kind that is a controlled animal by virtue of this Schedule. 3 This Schedule excludes all wildlife animals, and therefore if a wildlife animal would, but for this Note, be included in this Schedule, it is hereby excluded from being a controlled animal. Part 1 Mammals (Class Mammalia) 1. AMERICAN OPOSSUMS (Family Didelphidae) Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana 2. SHREWS (Family Soricidae) Long-tailed Shrews Genus Sorex Arboreal Brown-toothed Shrew Episoriculus macrurus North American Least Shrew Cryptotis parva Old World Water Shrews Genus Neomys Ussuri White-toothed Shrew Crocidura lasiura Greater White-toothed Shrew Crocidura russula Siberian Shrew Crocidura sibirica Piebald Shrew Diplomesodon pulchellum 3. -
The Striped Skunk Mephitis Mephitis Is About the Size of a Cat, but Has a Stout Body, a Rather Small Head, Short Legs, and a Bushy Tail
Introduction This animal • produces an odour that is strong enough to be carried almost 1 km on the wind • is one of the most useful small mammals that inhabit Canada’s mixed farmlands, grasslands, and forests • gathers leaves for its den by placing them under its body and then shuffling along with the leaves held between its legs • annoys farmers by raiding beehives and henhouses, but in fact almost 70 percent of a skunk’s diet is estimated to benefit people Description The striped skunk Mephitis mephitis is about the size of a cat, but has a stout body, a rather small head, short legs, and a bushy tail. Its small head fits conveniently, but sometimes too snugly, into enticing open jars. The thick, glossy fur is black, with a thin white stripe down the centre of the face and a broad white stripe beginning on the back of the head, forking at the shoulders and continuing as a white stripe along each side of the back to the base of the tail. The tail is mostly black, but the stripes may extend down it, usually to a tuft of white at the tip. The skunk has long, straight claws for digging out the burrows of mice, ripping apart old logs for grubs and larvae, and digging in the sand for turtle eggs. It moves slowly and deliberately and depends for safety not on running away or on remaining inconspicuous, but on its scent glands. Skunks belong to the weasel family Mustelidae, all of whose members have well-developed scent glands and a musky odour.