DOCSLIB.ORG

Download Download

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download Download OPEN ACCESS The Journal of Threatened Taxa is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use of artcles in any medium, reproducton, and distributon by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Note The first record of The Blue Admiral Kaniska canace Linnaeus, 1763 (Nymphalidae: Lepidoptera) from Bangladesh Amit Kumer Neogi, Md Jayedul Islam, Md Shalauddin, Anik Chandra Mondal & Safayat Hossain 26 September 2018 | Vol. 10 | No. 10 | Pages: 12429–12431 10.11609/jot.3442.10.10.12429-12431 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies and Guidelines visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct visit htp://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints contact <[email protected]> Publisher & Host Partners Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2018 | 10(10): 12429–12431 Note The first record of The Blue Admiral districts of Bangladesh (Shahadat et Kaniska canace Linnaeus, 1763 al. 2015; Neogi et al. 2016; Rahman (Nymphalidae: Lepidoptera) from et al. 2016; Sadat et al. 2016). Bangladesh The buterfy Kaniska canace ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) Linn. was recorded from Kauyargola ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Amit Kumer Neogi 1 , Md Jayedul Islam 2 , forest beat in Rajkandi Reserve 0 0 Md Shalauddin 3 , Anik Chandra Mondal 4 & Forest (24.302 N & 91.917 E), OPEN ACCESS Safayat Hossain 5 Kamalganj Upazila, Moulvibazar District (Fig. 1) on 17 March 2017, 1 Aquatc Bioresource Research Lab., Faculty of Fisheries and as part of a study on buterfies Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh. initated in March, 2011, intensively covering the 2,3,4,5 Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, northeastern forest ranges within the core area of Bangladesh Rajkandi Reserve Forest. The species was photographed 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 jayedzoology14@ hotmail.com, 3 [email protected], 4 anikjnu007@ during the survey, with both the under (Image 1) and gmail.com, 5 [email protected] upper wing (Image 2) views for species confrmaton. The species was found to frequently setle on wet sands and damp patches, with a few instances of fast fying and During the last fve years, many rare species of restng on fern leaves. Like other nymphalids, occasional buterfies have been reported from the northeastern basking with open wings and vibraton of its wings when and southeastern parts of Bangladesh which are new to susceptble to threat or disturbance were also observed. the country. Considering the foral diversity and habitat It was also pugnacious and highly territorial with other variatons, the northeastern region of Bangladesh hosts species of buterfies. Only a single species, however, diversifed faunal components like the northeastern was sighted during the entre survey period in the study state of Assam in India. Most of the protected areas of area. this part of Bangladesh contain mixed tropical evergreen Short descripton: Upper wing color of the sighted forests, especially in Moulvibazar District under Sylhet individual was indigo blue with broad silvery blue discal Division (Sadat et al. 2016). This district contains a band on both wings. On this band there were small black good number of forest areas with prevalent and diverse spots between the veins. FW apex was square cut and animal forms like buterfies, birds and mammals. The strongly concave along termen. Hind wing had small tail forest areas of Moulvibazar provide good shelter or at vein 4. Underwing color was cryptcally motled dark habitat for diversifed buterfy fauna. Recently, some brown and black. remarkable new records have been enlisted in the Remarks: Palaearctc buterfies are normally buterfy fauna from Moulvibazar and its adjacent restricted to the Himalayan mountain ranges, with DOI: htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.3442.10.10.12429-12431 | ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:12A24134-4486-496D-A481-C8CC5AA8E039 Editor: Soumyajit Chowdhury, M.U.C Women’s College, Burdwan, India. Date of publicaton: 26 September 2018 (online & print) Manuscript details: Ms # 3442 | Received 06 April 2017 | Final received 07 August 2018 | Finally accepted 11 September 2018 Citaton: Neogi, A.K., M.J. Islam, M. Shalauddin, A.C. Mondal & S. Hossain (2018). The frst record of The Blue Admiral Kaniska canace Linnaeus, 1763 (Nymphalidae: Lepidoptera) from Bangladesh. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(10): 12429–12431; htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.3442.10.10.12429-12431 Copyright: © Neogi et al. 2018. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this artcle in any medium, reproducton and distributon by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publicaton. Funding: Self funded. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Acknowledgements: Authors are grateful to the Buterfy Bangladesh team and Department of Zoology, Jagannath University for their logistc supports in this survey. We are also deeply indebted to Bangladesh Forest Department for their helpful cooperaton during this survey. 12429 First record of Blue Admiral from Bangladesh Neogi et al. Figure 1. GIS map of the Kamalganj Upazila including Rajkandi Reserve Forest, Adompur (green area) under Moulvibazar District, selected as the present area of study. the excepton of very few species viz., Pieris canidia Himalayan region between 1,000m and 3,000m, and in Linnaeus, 1768; Colias erate Esper, 1805; Argyreus the southern Indian hills between 1,000m and 1,200m hyperbius Linnaeus, 1763; Vanessa indica Herbst, 1794, (Kehimkar 2013). and Kaniska canace Linnaeus, 1763 that occur in the The present study thus confrms the presence of K. southern Indian mountains as well (Larsen 1986). K. canace in Rajkandi Forest at Adompur by successfully canace seems to have been rarely recorded from the presentng the frst photographic evidence in plains and prefer hill forests. In the last two decades, K. Bangladesh. This partcular species of buterfy seems canace has been sighted from a few locatons of Assam, to always be in this area, but the season and tme of India (Bhuyan et al. 2005; Naik & Mustak 2016) which its occurrence barred earlier surveys. This study also is more than 600km from the present study area. K. emphasizes on the need for a comprehensive buterfy canace, however, has been reported to be present in the study in the partcular area, that will further enrich the 12430 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2018 | 10(10): 12429–12431 First record of Blue Admiral from Bangladesh Neogi et al. © Md. Jayedul Islam © Amit Kumer Neogi Image 1. Kaniska canace Linn. (underwing view) on wet sand at Image 2. Kaniska canace Linn. (upperwing view) restng on fern leaf Rajkandi Reserve Forest with open wings at Rajkandi Reserve Forest existng list of buterfies in Bangladesh. Sadat, M.N., A.K. Neogi, M.S. Rahman & A.C. Mondal (2016). Notes On Two Lycaenid Buterfies Confrm To Bangladesh. Biolife 4(1): 213–215. References Shahadat, O., T. Ahmed, A.K. Neogi, T. Khan & M.A. Khan (2015). Notes on two Nymphalid buterfies new to Bangladesh. The Journal Bhuyan, M., P.R. Bhatacharrya & P.B. Kanjilal (2005). Buterfies of of Asian Biodiversity: TAPROBANICA 7(4): 260–261. the Regional Research Laboratory Campus, Jorhat , Assam. Zoos’ Naik, D. & M.S. Mustak (2016). A Checklist of Buterfies of Dakshina Print Journal 20(6): 1910–1911; htp://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT. Kannada District, Karnataka, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(12): ZPJ.1010.1910-1 9491–9504; htp://doi.org/10.11609/jot.3066.8.12.9491-9504 Kehimkar, I. (2013). The Book of Indian Buterfies. Bombay Natural Neogi, A.K., M.S. Rahman, A. Sultana, A.C. Mondal, T. Ahmed & History Society, 497pp. M.N. Sadat (2016). Six new records of Buterfies from Lawachara Larsen, T.B. (1986). Seasonal Movement of Palaearctc Migrant Natonal Park, Bangladesh. Tropical Natural History 16(2): 119–122. Buterfies into the Indian Plains-A Substtute for or Supplement to Hibernaton? Atalanta 16: 245–252. Rahman, M.S., I.KA. Haidar, A.K. Neogi, M.A.U. Hasan, M.M. Rahman & S.M.S. Imam (2016). First record of six species and subspecies Threatened Taxa of buterfies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Bangladesh. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematcs 2(3): 373–380. Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2018 | 10(10): 12429–12431 12431 OPEN ACCESS The Journal of Threatened Taxa is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use of artcles in any medium, reproducton, and distributon by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publicaton. ISSN 0974-7907 (Online); ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) September 2018 | Vol. 10 | No. 10 | Pages: 12299–12442 Date of Publicaton: 26 September 2018 (Online & Print) www.threatenedtaxa.org DOI: 10.11609/jot.2018.10.10.12299-12442 Communicatons Inventory of prong-gilled mayfies (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) of India with records of endemic taxa Urban biodiversity: an insight into the terrestrial vertebrate diversity of -- C. Selvakumar, Kailash Chandra & K.G. Sivaramakrishnan, Pp. 12389–12406 Guwahat, India -- Jayaditya Purkayastha, Pp. 12299–12316 First record of a coreid bug Anhomoeus fusiformis Hsiao (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Coreinae: Anhomoeini) from India Status of raptors in the Moyar River Valley, Western Ghats, India -- Sadashiv V.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)
    MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion.
    [Show full text]
  • Issn 0972- 1800
    ISSN 0972- 1800 VOLUME 22, NO. 2 QUARTERLY APRIL-JUNE, 2020 Date of Publication: 28th June, 2020 BIONOTES A Quarterly Newsletter for Research Notes and News On Any Aspect Related with Life Forms BIONOTES articles are abstracted/indexed/available in the Indian Science Abstracts, INSDOC; Zoological Record; Thomson Reuters (U.S.A); CAB International (U.K.); The Natural History Museum Library & Archives, London: Library Naturkundemuseum, Erfurt (Germany) etc. and online databases. Founder Editor Manuscripts Dr. R. K. Varshney, Aligarh, India Please E-mail to [email protected]. Board of Editors Guidelines for Authors Peter Smetacek, Bhimtal, India BIONOTES publishes short notes on any aspect of biology. Usually submissions are V.V. Ramamurthy, New Delhi, India reviewed by one or two reviewers. Jean Haxaire, Laplune, France Kindly submit a manuscript after studying the format used in this journal Vernon Antoine Brou, Jr., Abita Springs, (http://www.entosocindia.org/). Editor U.S.A. reserves the right to reject articles that do not Zdenek F. Fric, Ceske Budejovice, Czech adhere to our format. Please provide a contact Republic telephone number. Authors will be provided Stefan Naumann, Berlin, Germany with a pdf file of their publication. R.C. Kendrick, Hong Kong SAR Address for Correspondence Publication Policy Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal, Information, statements or findings Uttarakhand 263 136, India. Phone: +91 published are the views of its author/ source 8938896403. only. Email: [email protected] From Volume 21 Published by the Entomological Society of India (ESI), New Delhi (Nodal Officer: V.V. Ramamurthy, ESI, New Delhi) And Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal Executive Editor: Peter Smetacek Assistant Editor: Shristee Panthee Butterfly Research Trust, Bhimtal Published by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • BMC Evolutionary Biology Biomed Central
    BMC Evolutionary Biology BioMed Central Research article Open Access Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of Polygonia butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini) Niklas Wahlberg*1, Elisabet Weingartner2, Andrew D Warren3,4 and Sören Nylin2 Address: 1Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland, 2Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, 3McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, SW 34th Street and Hull Road, PO Box 112710, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710, USA and 4Museo de Zoología, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-399, México, DF 04510 México Email: Niklas Wahlberg* - [email protected]; Elisabet Weingartner - [email protected]; Andrew D Warren - [email protected]; Sören Nylin - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 7 May 2009 Received: 20 August 2008 Accepted: 7 May 2009 BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009, 9:92 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-92 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/9/92 © 2009 Wahlberg et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in estimating species relationships is an increasingly common finding in animals. Usually this is attributed to incomplete lineage sorting, but recently the possibility has been raised that hybridization is important in generating such phylogenetic patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Conservation Needs of Nymphalid Butterflies in Disturbed Tropical Forest of Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot, Assam, India
    International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation Vol. 1(7) pp. 231-250, December, 2009 Available online http://www.academicjournals.org/ijbc ©2009 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Ecology and conservation needs of nymphalid butterflies in disturbed tropical forest of Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, Assam, India Malabika Kakati Saikia*, J. Kalita and P. K. Saikia Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bardoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati-781 014, Assam, India. Accepted 21 October, 2009 We examine the hypothesis, whether the diversity of Nymphalid butterflies in primary forest is related to vegetation structure and canopy openness and that this relationship differs between butterfly taxa in relation to phylogenetic differences in light and shade preferences. The study also examines whether the increasing diversity of butterflies in degraded tropical forest is associated with the loss of species with restricted geographical distribution. Present study has considered eight habitat parameters for habitat data collections and the t-test using equal variance, spearman rank correlation and multiple regressions were used for statistical analyses. Species diversity was analyzed using Margalef’s D indices that indicate both the species richness and abundance. Bootstrap method was used to compare the diversity among samples. PCA was carried out to examine the relationship between vegetation structure and species diversity in primary and degraded forest. The relationship between vegetation factor scores and species diversity at each sampling station in primary and degraded forest was analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. Results indicates that the butterflies species sampled in closed canopy forest had more restricted geographical distribution than those being sampled in disturbed forest. The species with greater light preference had significantly wider geographical distribution, whereas, the species with greater shade preferences had significantly narrower geographical distributions.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Policy Review: Alternative Risk Management Measures to Import Lilium Spp
    International plant protection convention 14_EWGCutFlowers_2014_June Final policy review Lilium spp. Agenda Item: 4.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Final policy review: Alternative risk management measures to import Lilium spp. cut flowers from Taiwan December 2013 International plant protection convention 14_EWGCutFlowers_2014_June Final policy review Lilium spp. Agenda Item: 4.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- © Commonwealth of Australia Ownership of intellectual property rights Unless otherwise noted, copyright (and any other intellectual property rights, if any) in this publication is owned by the Commonwealth of Australia (referred to as the Commonwealth). Creative Commons licence All material in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence, except for content supplied by third parties, photographic images, logos, and the Commonwealth Coat of Arms. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence is a standard form licence agreement that allows you to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt this publication provided that you attribute the work. A summary of the licence terms is available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Polygonia, Nymphalis and Related Butterflies (Lepidoptera
    Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (2001), 132: 441–468. With 8 figures doi:10.1006/zjls.2000.0268, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Phylogeny of Polygonia, Nymphalis and related butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): a total- evidence analysis SO¨ REN NYLIN1∗, KLAS NYBLOM1, FREDRIK RONQUIST2, NIKLAS JANZ1, JOSEPH BELICEK3 and MARI KA¨ LLERSJO¨ 4 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; 2Department of Systematic Zoology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden; 315004-96 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; 4Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Natural History Museum, Stockholm, Sweden Received April 2000; accepted for publication July 2000 We investigated the phylogeny of butterflies in the tribe Nymphalini sensu Harvey 1991, comprising the genera Vanessa, Cynthia, Bassaris, Aglais, Inachis, Nymphalis, Polygonia, Kaniska, Antanartia, Hypanartia, Symbrenthia, Mynes and Araschnia. Evidence from the mitochondrial gene nd1, the nuclear gene ‘wingless’ and from morphology/ ecology/behaviour were used separately and combined to analyse relationships. Phylogenies based on the different types of data agreed in many aspects of basic topology. We show that an analysis of only wing pattern characters (based on Nijhout’s homology system) results in a topology broadly similar to the one resulting from analysis of the complete matrix. We found support for a monophyletic Nymphalini, where Hypanartia may be the sister clade to all other genera. Mynes, Symbrenthia and Araschnia together seem to form another basal clade. Evidence presented gives only moderate support for a monophyletic Vanessa in the wide sense, including also Cynthia and Bassaris, but strong support for the monophyly of the largely holarctic clade Aglais + Inachis + Nymphalis + Polygonia + Kaniska + Roddia.
    [Show full text]
  • Borneo: July-August 2019 (Custom Tour)
    Tropical Birding Trip Report Borneo: July-August 2019 (custom tour) BORNEO: Broadbills & Bristleheads 20th July – 4th August 2019 One of a nesting pair of Whitehead’s Broadbills seen on 3 days at Mount Kinabalu (Rob Rackliffe). Tour Leader: Sam Woods Photos: Thanks to participants Virginia Fairchild, Becky Johnson, Rob Rackliffe, Brian Summerfield & Simon Warry for the use of their photos in this report. 1 www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] Tropical Birding Trip Report Borneo: July-August 2019 (custom tour) Borneo. This large, Southeast Asian island has a kudos all of its own. It maintains a huge, longstanding appeal for both first time visitors to the region, and experienced birding travelers too, making it one of the most popular choices of Asian birding destinations. The lure of Borneo is easy to grasp; it is home to an ever-increasing bounty of endemic birds (as taxonomy moves forward, this list creeps up year-on- year), and among these are some of the most-prized bird groups in the region, including pittas, broadbills, hornbills, trogons, and 12 species of woodpeckers to name a few. And then, to top it all, the island boasts a monotypic endemic bird family too, the enigmatic, and scarce, Bornean Bristlehead, which is just scarce enough to unnerve guides on each and every tour. To add to this avian pool of talent, is an equally engaging set of mammals, making the island one of the best destinations in Asia for them too. Last, but not least, is the more than decent infrastructure in Sabah, (the only state visited on this tour), a Malaysian state that encompasses the northern section of Borneo.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Biodiversity of New Amarambalam Reserved Forests of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
    KFRI Research Report No. 247 ISSN 0970-8103 STUDIES ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF NEW AMARAMBALAM RESERVED FORESTS OF NILGIRI BIOSPHERE RESERVE J.K. Sharma K.K.N. Nair George Mathew K.K. Ramachandran E.A. Jayson K. Mohanadas U.N. Nandakumar P. Vijayakumaran Nair Kerala Forest Research Institute Peechi - 680 653, Thrissur, Kerala State November 2002 KFRI Research Report No. 247 ISSN 0970-8103 STUDIES ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF NEW AMARAMBALAM RESERVED FORESTS OF NILGIRI BIOSPHERE RESERVE Final report of the project KFRI 276/97 Sponsored by Ministry of Environment and Forests Govt. of India, New Delhi J.K. Sharma, Director K.K.N. Nair, Scientist, Botany Division George Mathew, Scientist, Entomology Division K.K. Ramachandran, Scientist, Wildlife Biology Division E.A. Jayson, Scientist, Wildlife Biology Division K. Mohanadas, Scientist, Entomology Division U.N. Nandakumar, Scientist, Silviculture Division P. Vijayakumaran Nair, Scientist, FIS Unit Kerala Forest Research Institute Peechi - 680 653, Thrissur, Kerala State November 2002 Contents Summary Acknowledgements Chapter 1. General introduction - - - - - 1 1.1. Study area - - - - - 4 1.2. Historical background - - - - - 5 1.3. Environment and biodiversity - - - - 6 1.4. Objectives - - - - - 12 1.5. Presentation of results - - - - - 13 Chapter 2. Vegetation and floristic diversity - - - - 15 2.1. Introduction - - - - - 15 2.2. Review of literature - - - - - 15 2.3. Materials and methods - - - - - 17 2.4. Results - - - - - 20 2.4.1. Vegetation diversity - - - - 21 2.4.2. Floristic inventory - - - - - 32 2.4.3. Floristic diversity - - - - - 37 2.4.4. Discussion - - - - - 58 Chapter 3. Insect diversity - - - - - 105 3.1. Introduction - - - - - 105 3.2. Review of literature - - - - - 106 3.3. Materials and methods - - - - - 108 3.4.
    [Show full text]
  • DIVERSITY of LEPIDOPTERA at R.E.A.C.H BIOD CENTRE, CAMERON HIGHLANDS, MALAYSIA Nur Amira Zamari Aris, Nursyahirah Zakaria &
    Journal of Wildlife and ParksParks, 32: 32: 41-55 41-55 (2017) (2017) 41 DIVERSITY OF LEPIDOPTERA AT R.E.A.C.H BIOD CENTRE, CAMERON HIGHLANDS, MALAYSIA Nur Amira Zamari Aris, Nursyahirah Zakaria & *Nivaarani Arumugam Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia *Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Lepidopteran diversity at the16-years old rehabilitated forest that surrounds the R.E.A.C.H BioD Centre was studied from July to August 2016. This forest is currently maintained by the Regional Environmental Awareness Cameron Highlands (R.E.A.C.H), a non-governmental organization (NGO) established by local residents of the Cameron Highlands. The 50 hectares forest with more than 9000 planted trees is located at 40 31’12.2’’ N, 1010 23’40.1’’E with elevation of 1781m a.s.l. Order Lepidoptera comprises the day-flying butterflies and night- flying moths. Hence, butterflies were recorded using ten butterfly traps and manual catchment using an aerial net, while moths were recorded using two light traps. A total of 11 butterfly species (four families) and 48 moth species (ten families) were recorded during the 24 days of sampling. Moths were recorded with higher diversity (81.4%; H’=3.22) compared to butterflies (18.6%; H’=2.15). Both butterflies and moths are distributed evenly at the R.E.A.C.H BioD Centre as the Pielou’s evenness index (J) is 0.90 and 0.83 respectively. As the forest surrounding the R.E.A.C.H BioD Centre is a rehabilitated forest, the presence of lepidopterans in the forest proves that the rehabilitation effort is achieving its objective.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Distasteful Asian Papilioninae (Papilionidae)
    8282 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 60(2), 2006, 82–85 SOME DISTASTEFUL ASIAN PAPILIONINAE (PAPILIONIDAE) PETER SMETACEK The Retreat, Jones Estate, Bhimtal, Nainital 263136, Uttaranchal, India, email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Western Himalayan populations of three Asiatic Papilio L. species appear to be distasteful in varying degrees to birds. These include the polymorphic Papilio polytes L. which was considered a classic Batesian mimic of distasteful Pachliopta Reakirt. The Indian population of polytes, with three female forms, is a case of sympatric polymorphism in a distasteful species with warning coloration. Additional key words: Müllerian mimicry; Papilio; polymorphic model INTRODUCTION Whistling Thrushes (Myiophonus caeruleus) and a Batesian mimicry, referring to a system comprising Yellowcheeked Tit (Parus xanthogenys). palatable species and unpalatable models, and Laughing Thrushes are not known to attack Müllerian mimicry, involving similar-looking, butterflies on the wing. They feed on insects, berries unpalatable species, are well known examples of and other vegetable matter (Ali 1962). White Crested adaptive evolution by natural selection. Of the over 200 and White Throated Laughing Thrushes spend most of species of Papilio L. known, at least one W. African their foraging time turning over dead leaves on the species (antimachus Drury ) is known to be chemically ground and investigating the bark and foliage of trees protected in the adult stage (Watson & Whalley 1983). (Whistler 1935; Ali 1949). Several species are believed to be Batesian mimics of They are very fond of live moths (pers. obs.). Initially chemically defended moths and butterflies (Clarke & the birds in this study were wary of dead butterflies but Sheppard 1960, 1962 ; Brower & Brower 1962 ; Clarke they soon developed a taste for them, especially control et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring the Diversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) at Different Elevations in Genting Highlands and the Validity of Graphium Species in Peninsular Malaysia
    EXPLORING THE DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA) AT DIFFERENT ELEVATIONS IN GENTING HIGHLANDS AND THE VALIDITY OF GRAPHIUM SPECIES IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA KAREN CHIA HUEY MIN DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2014 ABSTRACT Butterflies play an ecological role as pollinators, prey, defoliators and herbivores. They are in abundant and diverse in many ecosystems. However, they are serves as indicators of ecosystem change and predict environmental alternation. This study was conducted to (1) compare the attractiveness of ten types of fruit bait and make recommendations on the most efficient fruit bait types for trapping butterflies in the South East Asian tropical forest; (2) investigate how butterfly diversity is related to elevation at Genting Highlands in Peninsular Malaysia; and (3) explore the phylogenetic relationships within Graphium and the validity of Pathysa. The bait trap is one of the most common methods used for trapping butterflies in the field and particularly for fruit feeding butterflies. The present study was conducted to determine the efficiency of traps baited with ten different fruit baits. Traps were baited with either: banana (Musa spp), chiku (Manikara sapota), citrus (Citrus aurantifolia), dragon fruit (Hyllocereus undatus), guava (Psidium guajava), papaya (Carica papaya), pineapple (Ananas comosus), rose apple (Syzygium malaccense), star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) at Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 194 Nymphalids butterflies of 28 species were recorded in our study. Banana was found to be the most attractive bait trapping a total of 14 species of Nymphalids.
    [Show full text]
  • Excelsior Complex
    38 MAEKI & MAKINO: Chromcsome Numbers Vo!'7, no.2 Kaniska canace Linne 31 (I) Limen;tis camilla Schiff. 30 (1, II) Limen;tis glori/ica Fruhst. 30 (1) Neptis aceris Lep. 30 (1, II) Nymphalis io Linne 31 (1, II) Nymphalis xanthomelas Esper 31 (1) Polygonia c-ctl bum Linne 31 (I) Polygonia c-aureUm Linne 31 (I) Sasakia charonda Hew. 29 (1, II) VaneSJa indica Herbst 31 (1, II) Re/erences Beliajeff, N. 1., 1930. Die Chromosomenkomplexe und ihre Beziehung zur Phylogenie bei den Lepidopteren. Zeitschr. indukt. Abst. Vererb. 54: 369-399. Federley, H., 1938. Chromosomcnzahlen finnlandisher Lepidopteren. 1. Rhopalocera. Hereditas 24: 397-464. Lorkovic, Z., 1941. Die Chromosomenzahlen in der Spermatogenese der Tagfalter. Chro­ mosoma 2: 155-19l. Makino, S., 1951. An atlas 0/ the chrcmosome numbers in ammals, 2nd ed. Iowa State K.u- _____~College Press, Ames. 290 pp . .::-tr -tt Z;)Qlogical institute, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, JAPAN THE EXCELSIOR COMPLEX by NICHOLAS SHOUMATOFF In view of the variety of interesting hypotheses offered recently to explain the phenomenon of acrophilia in butterflies - their habit of some­ times lingering on hilltops - it may be helpful to recapitulate, and at the same time offer a simpler classification of alternatives, as follows: Specific Cause General Type Reference Search for foodplant Biological Merritt, Lepid. News 6: 101 Emergence on hilltop " Arnhold, Lepid. News 6:99 Search for females Wind Involuntary Merritt, Lepid. News 6: 101 Tropism Element of Play " Gregariousnness Liking hilltops Social ambition Comp?,tition Rawson, Lepid. News 5:70 Male battleground " In analyzing this problem, I believe it is important to distinguish be­ tween the influences of macro- and microtopology.
    [Show full text]