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Technical Arrangement for Joint Cooperation Between the Djibouti National Gendarmerie and the Italian Carabinieri
TECHNICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR JOINT COOPERATION BETWEEN THE DJIBOUTI NATIONAL GENDARMERIE AND THE ITALIAN CARABINIERI The Djibouti Nationai Gendarmerie and Italian Carabinieri (hereinafter referred to as "the Parties"): WHEREAS the two Parties are desirous of strengthening their cooperation in the fieids of the training and the exchange of best practices reiated to their institutionalservices; CONSIDERING that Italian Carabinieri have wide experience and expertise in the fieid of public arder management and generai security; AWARE that the Djibouti Nationai Gendarmerie is committed to enhancing capacity in public safety and generai security; RECOGNISING the need for cooperation between the Parties for their mutuai benefit in the identified areas of cooperation; HAVING REGARD to the "Agreement between the Government of the Itaiian Repubiic and the Government of the Republic of Djibouti concerning cooperation in the fieid of Defence", signedin Djibouti on 30th april 2002 and the renovation of whichis ongoing; HAVING REGARD to the exchange of Verbai Notes between the Itaiian Embassy in Addis Ababa and the Djibouti Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Internationai Cooperation, in farce since 16th February 2015, on jurisdiction of the Italian military and civilian personnei; have agreedas follows: Artide 1 OBJECTIVE This Technicai Arrangement estabiishes a framework of cooperation between the Djibouti Gendarmerie and Itaiian Carabinieri in the respective fieids of competence and expertise. The provisions of this Technical Arrangement will in no way permit the derogation from the obiigations provided for in other bilatera! or multilateral conventions or Arrangements signedby the parties' Countries. The Parties agree to pursue, to the best of their ability, mutuai cooperation along with the following terms. -
Drin River Basin the Blue Heart of the Balkans
DDrriinn RRiivveerr BBaassiinn TThhee bblluuee hheeaarrtt ooff tthhee BBaallkkaannss 1 Drin River Basin: the bleu heart of the Balkans The Mediterranean Information Office for © MIO‐ECSDE 2012 Kyrristou 12, 10556 Athens, Greece Environment, Culture and Sustainable Tel: +30210‐3247490, ‐3247267, Fax: +30210 3317127 Development (MIO‐ECSDE) is a non‐profit e‐mail: info@mio‐ecsde.org Federation of 126 Mediterranean NGOs for Environment and Development. MIO‐ECSDE This publication has been produced within the acts as a technical and political platform for framework of the DG Environment programme for the presentation of views and intervention operating grants to European environmental NGOs. of NGOs in the Mediterranean scene and plays an active role for the protection of the Written/prepared by: environment and the promotion of the Thomais Vlachogianni, Milan Vogrin sustainable development of the Text editing: Mediterranean region and its countries. Anastasia Roniotes, MIO‐ECSDE Head Officer Website: www.mio‐ecsde.org This publication is available on line at www.mio‐ ecsde.org Contents Drin River Basin: the blue heart of the Balkans ...................................................................................... 3 The Drin River: the ‘connecting body’ of a water system that forms an eco‐region of global significance .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Drin River Basin: an exceptional wealth of habitats and species ........................................................... -
Hydrology of the Drini River Basin, Albania
University of Texas at Austin GIS in Water Resources Instructor: Dr. David Maidment HYDROLOGY OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY DRIN RIVER BASIN Wikipedia Elisabeta Poci December, 2011 1 Table of Contents: 1. Introduction and Background 2. Watershed Delineation 3. Volume of Water for Run-Off 4. Results and Conclussions 5. Literature List of Figures: Figure 1. Location of study area Figure 2. Rivers and Lakes part of the Drin Basin Figure 3. Prespa Lakes Figure 4. Ohrid Lake looking South at Inflow from Prespa Figure 5. Data Download from the Hydrosheds site for our area of interest Figure 6. World’s Watersheds shape file (15sec DEM) Figure 7. Flow Direction shape file (3sec DEM) Figure 8. Drini Basin exported and saved as a New Feature Class Figure 9. Drainage Direction DEM clipped with the Drin Basin Figure 10. Isolated Watershed with the Outlet Point Figure 11. Projecting the raster Figure 12. Raster Calculator Formula Figure 13. The delineated Drin River Basin Figure 14. Area of the Basin Figure 15. Comparison of my map with the map found on the web. Extension of the Basin towards the Prespa Lakes Figure 16. Zooming in to the Prespa Lakes Figure 17. Shapefile of Countries Projected and Clipped Figure 18. Intersected Shape files of Countries with Catchments Figure 19. Attributes table of the Intersected shape file Figure 20. Precipitation raster opened in ArcGIS Figure 21. Downloading precipitation data from the website of GPCC Figure 22. Model used for Precipitation Raster Figure 23. Clipped Precipitation Rater and Zonal Statistics as Table Figure 24. Volume for Run Off (km 3) Figure 25. -
NATO ARMIES and THEIR TRADITIONS the Carabinieri Corps and the International Environment by LTC (CC) Massimo IZZO - LTC (CC) Tullio MOTT - WO1 (CC) Dante MARION
NATO ARMIES AND THEIR TRADITIONS The Carabinieri Corps and the International Environment by LTC (CC) Massimo IZZO - LTC (CC) Tullio MOTT - WO1 (CC) Dante MARION The Ancient Corps of the Royal Carabinieri was instituted in Turin by the King of Sardinia, Vittorio Emanuele 1st by Royal Warranty on 13th of July 1814. The Carabinieri Force was Issued with a distinctive uniform in dark blue with silver braid around the collar and cuffs, edges trimmed in scarlet and epaulets in silver, with white fringes for the mounted division and light blue for infantry. The characteristic hat with two points was popularly known as the “Lucerna”. A version of this uniform is still used today for important ceremonies. Since its foundation Carabinieri had both Military and Police functions. In addition they were the King Guards in charge for security and honour escorts, in 1868 this task has been given to a selected Regiment of Carabinieri (height not less than 1.92 mt.) called Corazzieri and since 1946 this task is performed in favour of the President of the Italian Republic. The Carabinieri Force took part to all Italian Military history events starting from the three independence wars (1848) passing through the Crimean and Eritrean Campaigns up to the First and Second World Wars, between these was also involved in the East African military Operation and many other Military Operations. During many of these military operations and other recorded episodes and bravery acts, several honour medals were awarded to the flag. The participation in Military Operations abroad (some of them other than war) began with the first Carabinieri Deployment to Crimea and to the Red Sea and continued with the presence of the Force in Crete, Macedonia, Greece, Anatolia, Albania, Palestine, these operations, where the basis leading to the acquirement of an international dimension of the Force and in some of them Carabinieri supported the built up of the local Police Forces. -
Another History of Europe at War. Gendarmeries and Police Facing the First World War (1914-1918)
Another history of Europe at war. Gendarmeries and police facing the First World War (1914-1918) International Conference organised at the EOGN in Melun on the 4th , 5th and 6th February 2016 by : Le Centre de recherche de l'École des officiers de la Gendarmerie nationale and Le musée de la Gendarmerie, in cooperation with : Université Paris-Sorbonne the Centre d'histoire du XIXe siècle Labex EHNE Université catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve Le Pôle d'attraction interuniversitaire « Justice et populations : l'expérience belge en perspective internationale ») Dr. Guillaume Payen Chef du pôle histoire et faits sociaux contemporains du CREOGN, chercheur associé au Centre Roland Mousnier, université Paris-Sorbonne Dr. Jonas Campion Chargé de recherches du FRS-FNRS, Centre d’histoire du droit et de la justice, université catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgique) Dr. Laurent López Chercheur associé au CESDIP (université de Versailles/Saint Quentin) et au Centre d'histoire du XIXe siècle (universités Panthéon-Sorbonne et Paris-Sorbonne) The history of Europe into the First World War is still to be written from the police's point of view, in spite of the frequent claim of "constraint"1 in the conflict's historiography. Classically marking the break between the 19th and the 20th centuries, the First World War is more than a separation between two periods. It is a deep historiographic void on both national and European scales. From a Europe-wide perspective, while the comparative approach carried out by Jonas Campion and confronting the cases of the Belgian, French and Dutch gendarmeries focuses on the end of the Second World War2, the book published under G. -
“Public Space” in Tirana Eduina Zekaj Polytechnic University of Tirana, [email protected]
University of Business and Technology in Kosovo UBT Knowledge Center UBT International Conference 2017 UBT International Conference Oct 27th, 1:00 PM - 2:30 PM The development of the concept of “public space” in Tirana Eduina Zekaj Polytechnic University of Tirana, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://knowledgecenter.ubt-uni.net/conference Part of the Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Zekaj, Eduina, "The development of the concept of “public space” in Tirana" (2017). UBT International Conference. 4. https://knowledgecenter.ubt-uni.net/conference/2017/all-events/4 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Publication and Journals at UBT Knowledge Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in UBT International Conference by an authorized administrator of UBT Knowledge Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Development of the Concept of “Public Space” in Tirana Eduina Zekaj Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania Abstract. The term “public space”, also known as urban space is a pretty old phrase, but was used as e concept with a clear definition during the modern era. The evolution of this term is well known in Tirana, because of its constant development especially in the recent projects. The first attempts started in 1914, but by that time there did not exist a real concept of the public space, which accordingly was affected by the citizens’ lifestyle. Public spaces in Tirana have changed a lot since then by recreating the concept of “public use”. There are many examples of squares, streets and parks which have gone through the process of change over the years and have affected people’s lives. -
Albania the Drafting Process for the 1998 Albanian Constitution, Scott
THE DRAFTING PROCESS FOR THE 1998 ALBANIAN CONSTITUTION Scott N. Carlson INTRODUCTION With its adoption of a new constitution in 1998, the Republic of Albania joined the ranks of other Central and East European nations who have now adopted democratic constitutions. For Albania, the new constitution provides a historic foundation upon which to forge an independent, democratic future. Throughout recent history, Albania has endured domination and rigid control at the hands of regional powers, and even when independent, the country has suffered under autocracy. The most egregious example of the latter, the Stalinist dictator, Enver Hoxha, led post-World War II Albania into 45 years of exile from the international community. With its adoption of a democratic constitution, Albania took a significant step towards solidifying its democracy and joining the community of nations who rely on constitutions to structure and safeguard their democratic systems of government. While the history of domination and isolation does not fully explain Albania’s delay in the adoption of a new constitution, it does shape the context in which constitutional reform developed. In particular, it helps to explain the lack of constitutional materials in the Albanian language, the lack of familiarity and experience with modern democratic institutions and human rights, and both international and local agreement on the necessity for extensive foreign input. The introduction of a new constitutional system or structure necessarily entails challenges. Even a completely tried and tested system or structure may fail when introduced into a new environment. The process of legal transplantation is a delicate one, and the host state can reject the introduction of foreign legal concepts for a variety of reasons. -
Statewatch Analysis EU: “The Law Will Bring Peace”: View on the European Gendarmerie Force (EGF)
Statewatch Analysis EU: “The law will bring peace”: View on the European Gendarmerie Force (EGF) Tim Schumacher The emergence of para-military police units for use abroad (and potentially at home) is exemplified by the EGF which is being organised by six EU member states outside of the Justice and Home Affairs structures The increasing deployment of para-military gendarmerie forces abroad is due to a changing threat analysis resulting in new requirements for operational forces. The control of the population through permanent gendarmerie deployment is a central component of this threat analysis, leading to a para-militarisation of forces, as is illustrated by the multi- national European Gendarmerie Force (EGF / EUROGENDFOR). Due to this unit’s dual nature (the EGF can operate under military as well as civil command, inland as well as abroad) and through common training, the paramilitarisation of police forces in Germany, the EU and worldwide is inevitable. The logo of the EGF is LEX PACIFERAT (“The law will bring peace”) – it is a law enforced to ensures uninterrupted economic activity. Population control What is deemed to be a threat depends on which group is able to enforce its views; the group which possesses a discursive hegemony. Since the 1990s, hegemonic threat analysis and its resulting security strategies have undergone fundamental changes. With the disappearance of the clear frontlines drawn up during the Cold War, there is no definitive enemy such as the Soviet Union. According to the German government's coalition agreement, the new global threats are "international terrorism, organised crime and piracy, climate change, (lack of) food and resource security as well as epidemics and diseases": diffuse, ambiguous and asymmetrical threats.[2] These new enemies seemingly can attack everywhere and at any time; they are also difficult to differentiate from the civil population or are in fact identical to it. -
Drin Project
Call for Expressions of Interest: Final evaluation of the project ‘Design and testing of a multipurpose (transboundary) groundwater monitoring network (Albania & Montenegro)” (Submission deadline: 28 October 2020) The Antenna in Sarajevo of the UNESCO Regional Bureau for Science and Culture in Europe, is seeking expressions of interest from qualified and experienced individuals, to carry out the final evaluation of the project entitled ‘Design and testing of a multipurpose (transboundary) groundwater monitoring network (Albania and Montenegro)” I. Background Brief description of the project: 1.1 Drin Project Setting out from the two Prespa Lakes, linked to each other by a small channel, water flows through underground karst cavities to Lake Ohrid, the largest lake in terms of water volume in South-East Europe. The only surface outflow of Lake Ohrid, the Black Drin River flows north through the Republic of North Macedonia and enters Albania. The White Drin River flows into Albania, where it meets the Black Drin and forms the Drin River. Flowing westward through Albania, the Drin River meets the Buna/Bojana River, close after the outflow of the latter from Lake Skadar/Shkoder, the largest lake in terms of surface in South-East Europe. The Buna/Bojana River directly discharges into the Adriatic Sea. The overall concept for enhanced cooperation among the Riparians for the management of the Basin was initially discussed by representatives of the competent ministries and other key stakeholders during the International Roundtable on Integrated Management of Shared Lake Basins in South-Eastern Europe, organized under the Petersberg Phase II/Athens Declaration Process and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) IW:LEARN Programme, in Ohrid, on 12- 14 October 2006. -
FRANCE Gendarmerie.Pdf
FRANCE How to Become a Military Officer in the French Armed Forces: The basic education and training of the military officers of the French Army, Navy, Air Force and Gendarmerie is the role of four distinct schools: the Military Schools of Saint-Cyr Coëtquidan (Coëtquidan), the Naval Schools (Brest), the Air Force Academy (Salon-de- Provence) and the Gendarmerie Officers’ College (Melun). These schools educate and train the future officers issued from direct recruitment but also from the internal recruitment (through promotion). The scheme presented above focus on the former way of access to commissioning. In order to become officers, the candidates must first complete their bachelor (3 years) or preparatory (2 years) studies in civilian universities or preparatory classes. Then, they will complete their master studies in the respective service schools. Even though the schools are enabled to deliver higher education diplomas and to organise research activities, cooperation with the civilian institutions remains a key word. European and international mobility, also, is seen as an important vector for the education and training of the future military elites. Non-commissioned officers may also become, through indirect recruitment, commissioned officer after completion of a specific bachelor programme. The vocational training, until the application level, is organised and provided by the military schools themselves. It is a fundamental part of the commissioning curriculum since it is fully integrated in the master diploma, indistinctively -
Roma and Egyptians in Albania Public Disclosure Authorized from Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Ilir Gedeshi Sabine Beddies Hermine De Soto From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion Roma and Egyptians in Albania THE WORLD BANK WORLD BANK WORKING PAPER NO. WORLD 53 BANK WORKING PAPER WORLD BANK WORKING PAPER NO. 53 Roma and Egyptians in Albania From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion Hermine G. De Soto Sabine Beddies Ilir Gedeshi THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. Copyright © 2005 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First Printing: March 2005 printed on recycled paper 12345070605 World Bank Working Papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank’s work to the development community with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper there- fore has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally-edited texts. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply and judgment on the part of The World Bank of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. -
American Protestantism and the Kyrias School for Girls, Albania By
Of Women, Faith, and Nation: American Protestantism and the Kyrias School For Girls, Albania by Nevila Pahumi A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Professor Pamela Ballinger, Co-Chair Professor John V.A. Fine, Co-Chair Professor Fatma Müge Göçek Professor Mary Kelley Professor Rudi Lindner Barbara Reeves-Ellington, University of Oxford © Nevila Pahumi 2016 For my family ii Acknowledgements This project has come to life thanks to the support of people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is now the time and my great pleasure to acknowledge each of them and their efforts here. My long-time advisor John Fine set me on this path. John’s recovery, ten years ago, was instrumental in directing my plans for doctoral study. My parents, like many well-intended first generation immigrants before and after them, wanted me to become a different kind of doctor. Indeed, I made a now-broken promise to my father that I would follow in my mother’s footsteps, and study medicine. But then, I was his daughter, and like him, I followed my own dream. When made, the choice was not easy. But I will always be grateful to John for the years of unmatched guidance and support. In graduate school, I had the great fortune to study with outstanding teacher-scholars. It is my committee members whom I thank first and foremost: Pamela Ballinger, John Fine, Rudi Lindner, Müge Göcek, Mary Kelley, and Barbara Reeves-Ellington.