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Timeline Draft•• Copy 1850 1875 1910 1941 1955 1963 1965 APRIL 4, 1968 1992 CALIFORNIA BECOMES A STATE THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT IS ENACTED THE COMMITTEE ON URBAN CONDITIONS THE UNITED STATES ENTERS WORLD WAR II FOLLOWING ROSA PARKS IS ARRESTED FOR “CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE” THE RUMFORD FAIR HOUSING ACT IS PASSED IN VOTING RIGHTS ACT DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. IS ASSASSINATED AT MAE JEMISON BECOMES THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN AMONG NEGROES FOUNDED THE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR IN MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA FOR REFUSING TO GIVE UP CALIFORNIA TO HELP END RACIAL DISCRIMINATION THE LORRAINE MOTEL IN MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, WOMAN TO GO INTO SPACE On September 9, 1850, California became the 31st state. In response to continued abuses following the end of the Civil War, HER SEAT TO A WHITE BUS RIDER BY PROPERTY OWNERS AND LANDLORDS Following the attack by Alabama state and county law enforcement NOW THE SITE OF THE NATIONAL CIVIL RIGHTS MUSEUM Though California entered the Union as a “free state,” slavery The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was designed to protect against Now known as the National Urban League, this organization was founded Aboard the West Virginia, African American mess attendant Dorie Miller on peaceful demonstrators, President Johnson called for legislation to of some African Americans persisted unocially, and laws discrimination in hotels, trains, and other public spaces. to advocate for social and economic justice for African Americans. acts with “distinguished devotion to duty, extraordinary courage and disregard This deant act made Rosa Parks a symbol of the Civil Rights movement protect voting rights. This Act, which has been amended several times 2001 regarding enslavement of indigenous peoples remained in for his own personal safety during the attack on the Fleet,” which earns him and inspired others to action. 1964 to reauthorize special provisions and expand its coverage, made 1968 COLIN POWELL BECOMES THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN force into the 1860s. the Navy Cross. CALIFORNIANS VOTE FOR PROPOSITION 14 TO NULLIFY race-based restrictions on registration and voting illegal. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT US SECRETARY OF STATE 1896 1916 THE RUMFORD ACT THE CASE IS DECIDED, THE GREAT MIGRATION FROM THE AMERICAN SOUTH TO 1957 President Johnson signed this act into law in the midst of riots following 1863 UPHOLDING RACIAL SEGREGATION THE NORTH, MIDWEST, AND WEST BEGINS 1948 CIVIL RIGHTS ACT PASSED In response to the Rumford Fair Housing Act, the California Real Estate 1965 the assassination of Dr. King. The Act allows for federal prosecution of crimes 2005 THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION IS ISSUED AS CONSTITUTIONAL EXECUTIVE ORDER 9981 LEADS TO THE DESEGREGATION Association-sponsored initiative looked to add an amendment to the MALCOLM X, HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVIST AND FIERCE based on race, religion, or national origin, prohibits discrimination in housing. CONDOLEEZZA RICE BECOMES THE FIRST BLACK WOMAN In response to Civil War and Reconstruction experiences, and with the OF AMERICAN ARMED FORCES In response to increased violence and intimidation after the Brown v. Board California Constitution to work against the Act. Proposition 14 passed but ADVOCATE FOR RACIAL JUSTICE IS ASSASSINATED It has since been amended to include protections based on sex, disability, TO SERVE AS US SECRETARY OF STATE With this executive order issued during of the American Civil War, This decision set a precedent, allowing for availability of city jobs increasing, many African Americans moved from of Education ruling, the bill passed Congress and was signed into law. was later declared invalid and repealed in 1974. BEFORE A SPEECH IN NEW YORK CITY and family status. Abraham Lincoln declared freedom for all enslaved people. “separate but equal” schooling facilities and public institutions. Southern states to growing urban areas like Chicago, Philadelphia, Meant to ensure equal voting rights to African Americans, it had limited It was put into full eect with the ending of the war in a New York City, and Detroit. 1954 impact, but paved the way for more eective legislation. 2009 Union victory in 1865. THE CASE IS DECIDED, 1964 1966 1983 SENATOR BARACK OBAMA BECOMES THE FIRST 1909 PARTIALLY OVERTURNING THE DECISION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT IS SIGNED INTO LAW THURGOOD MARSHALL BECOMES THE FIRST GUION BLUFORD, JR. IS THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES THE NAACP IS FOUNDED 1920s PLESSY V. FERGUSON 1963 AFRICAN AMERICAN SUPREME COURT JUSTICE AFRICAN AMERICAN IN SPACE 1870 THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE IS IN FULL SWING DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.’S “I HAVE A DREAM” SPEECH The Civil Rights Act of 1964, followed other, less impactiful legislation THE 15TH AMENDMENT IS RATIFIED, OFFICIALLY The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Thurgood Marshall, NAACP chief council, argued for the plaintis in the IS DELIVERED TO A CROWD OF MORE THAN 250,000 and prohibits discrimination of all kinds based on race, color, sex, religion, GRANTING AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE (NAACP) was established to further justice and to ght Taking its name from the New York City neighborhood, this or national origin. HISTORY landmark case. The decision declared segregation in schools unconstitutional. race-based discrimination. African American-led arts and culture movement spreads Made during the March on Washington on August 28, 1963, King’s iconic speech NATIONAL Despite the Amendment, black voters continued to face barriers to throughout the country. remains one of the largest demonstrations ever held in Washington, DC. exercising this right, including poll taxes and violence. CORE march and protest, 1964 1798 1872 1887 1897 1919 1931 1950 1964 1968 Southcrest Park SPANISH COLONIAL CENSUS AMERICA NEWTON MIGRATES TO BETHEL AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL (AME) EDWARD W. ANDERSON THE SAN DIEGO BRANCH OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE LEMON GROVE CASE, IS THE US's FIRST SAN DIEGO AFRICAN AMERICAN POPULATION IS 4,143 ACCODRING CORE PICKETS CREA SAN DIEGO REACTS TO THE ASSASSINATION Memorial for King, THE JULIAN AREA IN 1872 CHURCH IS FOUNDED. IT BECOMES THE FIRST ORGANIZED ESTABLISHES IXL LAUNDRY IXL Laundry, 1897 THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE IS INAUGURATED SUCCESSFUL SCHOOL DESEGREGATION CASE TO THE UNITED STATES CENSUS OF MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. April 9, 1968 This census listed the men, women, boys, BLACK RELIGIOUS INSTITUTION IN SAN DIEGO Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) members protest the California Real Estate Association’s (CREA) and girls of the Presidio de San Diego American Newton was a former enslaved Edward W. Anderson arrived in San Diego in the mid-1890s from Kentucky before beginning his The incident occurred in 1930 and 1931 in Lemon Grove meeting outside the El Cortez Hotel in Downtown. CREA was meeting to determine whether or not The day after King’s assassination, these students from University of California, San Diego, rallied outside the City Council district. Separate listings are made for person who arrived from Missouri. In Julian, Solomon and Cordelia Johnson were successful laundry business in 1897 at age 25. As owner of IXL Laundry, he managed the largest steam in San Diego’s East County, where the local school board 1953 it would support Proposition 14, the law which would negate the Fair Housing Act. chambers. Councilman Harry Scheidel (in glasses with his back to wall) is seen talking with students who had submitted a each of the missions and the Presidio itself; she made her living as a laundress for instrumental in the formation of the laundry in the region with 35 employees. The original location was at 546 Seventh Avenue, pictured 1919 attempted to build a separate school for children of SAN DIEGO URBAN LEAGUE IS ESTABLISHED proposal to city ocials to ease racial tensions. A memorial was held for King in the Balboa Bowl three days after his assassination. the numbers are also identied either as local miners. rst Black church in San Diego, the here, but later the business moved to 10th Avenue and Island Avenue. THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN Mexican heritage. On March 30, 1931, the Superior Court Over 5,000 people attended the service which was organized by the Southeast San Diego Ministerial Alliance. Religious “Indian” or “Spanish, and other castes.” Bethel African Methodist Episcopal FIREMEN JOIN THE SAN DIEGO of San Diego County ruled that the local school board's attempt to segregate 75 Mexican and It was the perseverance of Dr. Jack Kimbrough, among others, that was crucial in nally establishing MAY 29, 1964 leaders from Catholic, African Methodist Episcopal, Jewish, and other faith communities were present to honor King. Church. The membership of the FIRE DEPARTMENT Mexican American elementary school children was a violation of California state laws because a local Urban League branch in 1953. In many cities the local NAACP branch fought for civil rights, MARTIN LUTHER KING JR GIVES 1880 church met in the Johnson home 1897 ethnic Mexicans were considered White under the state's Education Code. but in San Diego it was the Urban League that played the pivotal role after World War II in pushing A SPEECH IN SAN DIEGO AT THE Circa 1820 A TOTAL OF FIFTY-FIVE AFRICAN AMERICANS on the corner of F and Union ANDERSON V. FISHER, 1897 IS THE FIRST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION Sandy Baker, Tim Williams, John Cross, and Joe Smith, Segregated students from Lemon Grove Grammar School for civil rights and full inclusion in the city’s burgeoning economy. The San Diego Urban League had CALIFORNIA WESTERN UNIVERSITY 1968 DON PÍO PICO SETTLES IN SAN DIEGO IN THE 1820S, RESIDE IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY Streets until funds were raised CASE OF ITS KIND IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA early African American remen in Logan Heights, 1927 an ability to unify competing interests, and work on behalf of communities of color. Among its BLACK PANTHER PARTY FORMS IN SAN DIEGO BEFORE BECOMING THE GOVERNOR OF CALIFORNIA to secure a church site.
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