DOCSLIB.ORG

Who Leads the Congress? When We Read the U.S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Who Leads the Congress? When We Read the U.S © 2013 Universal Uclick Our Representatives from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick Who Leads the Congress? When we read The U.S. Senate about arguments and House of Representatives meet or action in the in the U.S. Capitol U.S. Congress, in Washington, D.C. we sometimes This photo shows hear confusing the western front of the building. terms: caucus, House members majority leader, meet in the south president, wing (at the right in whip. Have you the photo); Senate members meet in ever wondered if the north wing. The someone in the large rooms where Capitol is actually they meet are called using a whip?! “chambers.” This week, The photo courtesy Architect of the Capitol Mini Page takes a close look at the In session Leading the Congress leadership and organization of the U.S. Meetings of With 100 senators and 435 Senate and House of Representatives. senators and representatives trying to work representatives together, someone has to be in charge. The legislative branch are called In the Senate, the vice president of Our Constitution divides sessions. the United States also government power into three A few times President Obama gives executive courtesy Kennedy, Chuck by photo States United the of president the of office serves as the president branches: each year, the his 2011 State of the of the Senate. He or • executive (president, vice president Senate and Union address. she does and the Cabinet departments) the House come together for a joint not vote • judicial (courts) session of Congress. unless it’s • legislative (Congress). President of One of the joint sessions is the State necessary to the Senate The legislative branch is where laws of the Union address in January or break a tie. Joe Biden are made. American citizens elect, or February, when the president of the In the choose, senators and representatives Speaker House, the United States speaks about how the of the speaker of to make decisions about laws that will country is doing and outlines the House John the House leads the reflect their wishes. government’s goals for the coming year. Boehner representatives. ® from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick Who’s Who? You may have heard people talk House leaders Senate leaders about the 113th Congress. This is the • Speaker of the House. • President of the Senate. The current term of Congress. Each term This leader controls debates, or vice president of the United States lasts two years and is divided into discussions, between representatives usually presides over the Senate only two sessions. The 113th Congress on the House floor. He or she acts as on special occasions or when a tie- will end on Jan. 3, 2015, after new a spokesperson for his or her party in breaking vote is needed. senators and representatives are Congress. The person in this position • Senate Majority Leader. This elected in November 2014. would become president should senator is really the leader of the At the beginning of each term, something happen to the current Senate. He or she schedules votes members must choose leaders for the president and vice president. and works with committees. House and Senate. • House Majority Leader. • Senate Assistant Majority Party lines This representative is the second in Leader. This position is similar to Congress isn’t command after the speaker of the the majority whip in the House. separated only into House. He or she manages business Minority leaders on the House floor. the Senate and the The House and Senate also have House of Representatives. Members • House Majority Whip. The whip is an assistant floor leader. leadership positions for the minority of Congress also group together party: according to the major political He or she helps to track votes on different issues. • House Minority Leader parties, the Republicans and the • House Minority Whip Democrats. The term “whip” is believed • Senate Minority Leader After an election, either the • Senate Minority Whip Republicans or the Democrats to come from a fox-hunting term With each new election, the have more members of Congress majority and minority, and the than the other party. This is called for the person who keeps the dogs from straying leadership, can shift to a different a majority. The party with fewer political party. members is called the minority. away from the pack during a hunt. courtesy 1836, Davis, Barrett Richard by painting of detail Collection Mellon Paul Art, British for Center Yale from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick TM Basset Brown try ’n’ news Congressional ready resources the find Hound’s Leaders The Mini Page provides ideas for websites, Words that remind us of congressional leaders are hidden in the block below. Some words are hidden backward or diagonally, and some letters are used twice. See if books or other resources that will help you learn you can find: CAPITOL, CAUCUS, COMMITTEE, CONFERENCE, CONGRESS, more about this week’s topics. HOUSE, JOINT, LAWS, LEAD, LEGISLATIVE, MAJORITY, MINORITY, PRESIDENT, On the Web: RECOMMEND, REPRESENTATIVE, SENATE, SPEAKER, TERM, WHIP. P I H W C O N F E R E N C E T • congressforkids.net Who • 1.usa.gov/1fumOge represents D N E M M O C E R W M X E V N • house.gov/content/learn you? C A U C U S M A J O R I T Y E • senate.gov Y T I R O N I M P Y E K A H D L D J T N I O J I I T B N O I At the library: A A R E K A E P S T T N E U S • “House Mouse, Senate Mouse” by Peter W. Barnes W E S S E R G N O C T O S S E • “The Congress of the United States” by Christine S L E G I S L A T I V E L E R Taylor-Butler E V I T A T N E S E R P E R P ® TM TM Rookie Cookie’s Recipe Mini Spy . Broccoli Side Dish Mini Spy is talking to her classmates about Congress. You’ll need: See if you can find: • exclamation mark • paint roller • 4 teaspoons extra-virgin olive oil • dash cayenne pepper • cat • frog • pencil • chicken • butterfly • 1 tablespoon water • 2 cups fresh broccoli florets • carrot • bear • bell • banana • word MINI • 2 teaspoons fresh lemon juice • 1 /3 cup chopped red or orange • 1 tablespoon red wine vinegar bell pepper • letter B • snake • poodle • pumpkin • 1 teaspoon honey • 1 cup sliced fresh mushrooms • comb • kite • letter Z • needle • canoe • 1/2 teaspoon seasoned salt • 1/4 cup dried cranberries • toothbrush • ruler • number 2 • basket What to do: 1. Combine olive oil, water, lemon juice, vinegar, honey and seasonings in a jar with a tight lid; shake well. 2. In a separate bowl, mix vegetables and cranberries. 3. Add dressing and toss to coat evenly. 4. Cover and chill for 1 hour. You will need an adult’s help with this recipe. from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick Meet Barry Gellert Barry Gellert, also called Barry G, is best known for his music with The Dream Jam Band, which he helped found. His first solo CD is “Huh-Uh!” He plays the guitar, sings and composes music. Barry has performed in elementary schools in New York as part of “Dream Jam All Access.” This program teaches kindergartners a variety of musical types. Some of the students now sing with Dream Jam Kids. photo by Ber Murphy Ber by photo He first began playing the guitar when he was 5 years old. As an adult, he played guitar with several rock bands and began composing music. He now writes and composes musical theater shows for kids. Barry performs music to help raise money for many charities, including food banks and other community programs. He also performs music for kids in hospitals. from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick TM from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick TM Supersport: Crystal Dunn All the following jokes have something in common. Height: 5-2 Birthdate: 7-2-92 Can you guess the common theme or category? Hometown: Rockville Centre, N.Y. Crystal Dunn has reached the top of women’s college Charles: Why was George Washington always soccer. She wants to stay there. standing in official White House portraits? After winning National Player of the Year honors and Carrie: Because he could never lie! leading the University of North Carolina to the 2012 NCAA championship, the Tar Heels senior came out this season with her usual competitive fire and desire. She contributed six goals to Cory: If Thomas Jefferson were alive today, what help the No. 1-ranked Heels start 6-0. Listed as a midfielder, the three- would be the most amazing fact about him? time All-American can sparkle at any position. Cindy: His age! Already her name is etched among the most elite players to compete for the nation’s premier college program (21 national titles). She’s also plays Caesar: What was a patriot’s favorite dog for the U.S. national team and has found time to lead a soccer camp for inner-city youth in New York. back in Colonial times? And Dunn isn’t done. She wants to finish her UNC career with another title! Craig: A Yankee poodle! ® from The Mini Page © 2013 Universal Uclick The Three C’s Caucus … … and Committees Within Congress, the Democrats Can you imagine all the subjects subject and study the details about call their party members a caucus that members of Congress must it, then recommend how the Senate (KAW-kus).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Majority and Minority Leaders”, Available At
    Majority and Minority Party Membership Other Resources Adapted from: “Majority and Minority Leaders”, www.senate.gov Available at: http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Majority_Minority_Leaders.htm Majority and Minority Leaders Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Majority and Minority Leaders Chapter 3: Majority and Minority Whips (Assistant Floor Leaders) Chapter 4: Complete List of Majority and Minority Leaders Chapter 5: Longest-Serving Party Leaders Introduction The positions of party floor leader are not included in the Constitution but developed gradually in the 20th century. The first floor leaders were formally designated in 1920 (Democrats) and 1925 (Republicans). The Senate Republican and Democratic floor leaders are elected by the members of their party in the Senate at the beginning of each Congress. Depending on which party is in power, one serves as majority leader and the other as minority leader. The leaders serve as spokespersons for their parties' positions on issues. The majority leader schedules the daily legislative program and fashions the unanimous consent agreements that govern the time for debate. The majority leader has the right to be called upon first if several senators are seeking recognition by the presiding officer, which enables him to offer motions or amendments before any other senator. Majority and Minority Leaders Elected at the beginning of each Congress by members of their respective party conferences to represent them on the Senate floor, the majority and minority leaders serve as spokesmen for their parties' positions on the issues. The majority leader has also come to speak for the Senate as an institution. Working with the committee chairs and ranking members, the majority leader schedules business on the floor by calling bills from the calendar and keeps members of his party advised about the daily legislative program.
    [Show full text]
  • H. R. 4346 [Report No
    IB Union Calendar No. 55 117TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION H. R. 4346 [Report No. 80] Making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2022, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES JULY 1, 2021 Mr. Ryan, from the Committee on Appropriations, reported the following bill; which was committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed A BILL Making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2022, and for other purposes. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 That the following sums are appropriated, out of any 4 money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the 5 Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending September 6 30, 2022, and for other purposes, namely: VerDate Sep 11 2014 06:31 Jul 02, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H4346.RH H4346 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS 2 1 TITLE I 2 LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 3 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 4 SALARIES AND EXPENSES 5 For salaries and expenses of the House of Represent- 6 atives, $1,714,996,045, as follows: 7 HOUSE LEADERSHIP OFFICES 8 For salaries and expenses, as authorized by law, 9 $34,949,640, including: Office of the Speaker, 10 $10,036,950, including $35,000 for official expenses of 11 the Speaker; Office of the Majority Floor Leader, 12 $3,565,870, including $15,000 for official expenses of the 13 Majority Leader; Office of the Minority Floor
    [Show full text]
  • CRS Report for Congress Received Through the CRS Web
    Order Code RL30665 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The Role of the House Majority Leader: An Overview Updated April 4, 2006 Walter J. Oleszek Senior Specialist in the Legislative Process Government and Finance Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress The Role of the House Majority Leader: An Overview Summary The majority leader in the contemporary House is second-in-command behind the Speaker of the majority party. Typically, the majority leader functions as the Speaker’s chief lieutenant or “field commander” for day-to-day management of the floor. Although the majority leader’s duties are not especially well-defined, they have evolved to the point where it is possible to spotlight two fundamental and often interlocking responsibilities that orient the majority leader’s work: institutional and party. From an institutional perspective, the majority leader has a number of duties. Scheduling floor business is a prime responsibility of the majority leader. Although scheduling the House’s business is a collective activity of the majority party, the majority leader has a large say in shaping the chamber’s overall agenda and in determining when, whether, how, or in what order legislation is taken up. In addition, the majority leader is active in constructing winning coalitions for the party’s legislative priorities; acting as a public spokesman — defending and explaining the party’s program and agenda; serving as an emissary to the White House, especially when the President is of the same party; and facilitating the orderly conduct of the House’s business. From a party perspective, three key activities undergird the majority leader’s principal goal of trying to ensure that the party remains in control of the House.
    [Show full text]
  • The Legislator's Handbook
    LEG.MT.GOV Montana State Legislature The Legislator’s Handbook November 2018 Published by. Address. Phone. Montana Legislative PO Box 201706 Phone 406.444.3064 Services Division Helena, MT 59620-1706 Table of Contents Chapter One: Introduction 1 Chapter Two: Government in Action 3 Introduction 4 Three Branches of State Government 4 Federal Government 7 Tribal Governments 7 Local Governments 9 Chapter Three: Organization and Services of the Legislative Branch 11 Introduction 12 Senate 12 House of Representatives 15 Legislative Council 18 Legislative Services Division 18 Legislative Audit Committee 21 Legislative Audit Division 21 Legislative Finance Committee 23 Legislative Fiscal Division 24 Consumer Counsel 25 Chapter Four: Legislators 27 Introduction 28 Representation 28 Qualifications 29 Privileges 30 Duties 31 Accountability 33 Chapter Five: Organizing the Montana Legislature 35 Introduction 36 Election of Members 36 Legislative Sessions 36 Caucuses 37 Presession Organization 38 Convening the Senate 39 Convening the House of Representatives 39 Chapter Six: Legislative Procedures 41 Introduction 42 Montana Constitution 42 Montana Statutes 45 Rules of the Montana Legislature 45 Tradition 46 Mason’s Manual of Legislative Procedure 46 Committee Procedural Rules 47 Interpretation by the Judicial Branch 47 Attorney General’s Opinions 48 Learning the Rules: Tips and Concepts 49 Chapter Seven: Making Public Policy Through Bills and Resolutions 51 Introduction 52 Overview of Bills and Resolutions 52 Requirements for Bills: Tips for Legislators
    [Show full text]
  • H. R. 4487 [Report No
    IB Union Calendar No. 307 113TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION H. R. 4487 [Report No. 113–417] Making appropriations for the Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2015, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES APRIL 17, 2014 Mr. COLE, from the Committee on Appropriations, reported the following bill; which was committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed A BILL Making appropriations for the Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2015, and for other purposes. VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:21 Apr 17, 2014 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6652 E:\BILLS\H4487.RH H4487 emcdonald on DSK67QTVN1PROD with BILLS 2 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 That the following sums are appropriated, out of any 4 money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the 5 Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending September 6 30, 2015, and for other purposes, namely: 7 TITLE I—LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 8 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 9 SALARIES AND EXPENSES 10 For salaries and expenses of the House of Represent- 11 atives, $1,180,736,000, as follows: 12 HOUSE LEADERSHIP OFFICES 13 For salaries and expenses, as authorized by law, 14 $22,278,891, including: Office of the Speaker, 15 $6,645,417, including $25,000 for official expenses of the 16 Speaker; Office of the Majority Floor Leader, $2,180,048, 17 including $10,000 for official expenses of the Majority 18 Leader; Office of the
    [Show full text]
  • The Senate Powersharing Agreement of the 107Th Congress (2001-2003): Key Features
    The Senate Powersharing Agreement of the 107th Congress (2001-2003): Key Features Updated January 11, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS20785 SUMMARY RS20785 The Senate Powersharing Agreement of the January 11, 2021 107th Congress (2001-2003): Key Features Elizabeth Rybicki, The 2000 elections resulted in a Senate composed of 50 Republicans and 50 Democrats. Coordinator A historic agreement, worked out by the party floor leaders, in consultation with their Specialist on Congress and party colleagues, was presented to the Senate (S.Res. 8) on January 5, 2001, and agreed the Legislative Process to the same day. The agreement was expanded by a leadership colloquy on January 8, 2001. It remained in effect until June of 2001, when Senators reached a new agreement to account for the fact that a Senator had left the Republican Party to become an Independent who would caucus with the Democratic Party. This report describes the principal features of this and related agreements which provided for Republican chairs of all Senate committees after January 20, 2001; equal party representation on all Senate committees; equal division of committee staffs between the parties; procedures for discharging measures blocked by tie votes in committee; a restriction on the offering of cloture motions on amendable matters; restrictions on floor amendments offered by party leaders; eligibility of Senators from both parties to preside over the Senate; and general provisions seeking to reiterate the equal interest of both parties in the scheduling of Senate chamber business. Also noted is that not all aspects of Senate practice were affected by the powersharing agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • Table 3.6 SENATE LEADERSHIP POSITIONS
    STATE LEGISLATURES Table 3.6 SENATE LEADERSHIP POSITIONS: METHODS OF SELECTION State or other majority leader floor Majority whip Majority chair caucus Minority leader Assistant minority leader Minority leader floor Assistant minority leader floor Minority whip Minority chair caucus jurisdiction President President pro tem Majority leader Assistant majority leader Majority leader floor Assistant Alabama (b) ....................... (a) ES (b) . (b) . Alaska ................................. ES . EC . EC EC EC . EC EC Arizona ............................... ES AP EC . EC . EC EC . EC . Arkansas ............................. (a) ES EC . EC . EC . EC . California ........................... (a) ES EC . EC EC EC . EC EC Colorado ............................. ES ES EC EC . EC EC EC EC . EC EC Connecticut (c) .................. (a) ES AP AP AP AP AP AP EC AL AL AL AL AL Delaware ............................ (a) ES EC . EC . EC . EC EC Florida (mm) ...................... EC/ES ES AP AL . EC EC . AL AL Georgia ............................... (a) ES EC . EC EC EC . EC EC Hawaii................................. ES ES (e) EC . EC . EC EC (f) EC . EC . Idaho ................................... (a) ES EC EC . EC EC EC . EC Illinois ................................. ES AP AP AP . AP AP EC AL . AL AL Indiana ................................ (a) ES . AT AT AT EC EC . EC (h) (h) EC Iowa .................................... ES ES EC EC . EC . EC EC . EC . Kansas ................................ ES ES (e) EC EC . EC EC EC EC . EC EC Kentucky (i) ....................... ES ES . EC . EC EC . EC . EC . Louisiana ............................ ES ES . Maine (ll)............................ ES ES EC EC (j) (j) (k) . EC EC (l) (l) (m) . Maryland ............................ ES ES AP (n) AP (n) (n) (n) AP . EC (o) . (o) . EC . Massachusetts .................... EC . AP AP . (p) EC . (p) Michigan (q) ....................... (a) ES EC EC EC EC EC EC EC EC EC EC EC EC Minnesota ..........................
    [Show full text]
  • Download the PDF Letter Here
    _I__ _ __: ______ ------ __ . __ _ == --- ------_ _ __ , _ _ ' __ Office Of the Chief Executive Officer New Orchard Road Armond, NI 10504 June 8, 2020 The Honorable Karen Bass United States House of Representatives Washington, DC 20515 The Honorable Cony Booker United States Senate Washington, DC 20510 The Honorable Kamala Harris United States Senate Washington, DC 20510 The Honorable Hakeem Jeffries United States House of Representatives Washington, DC 20515 The Honorable Jerrold Nadler United States House of Representatives Washington, DC 20515 Dear Senators Booker and Harris, and Representatives Bass, Jeffries, and Nadler: ln September 1953, more than a decade before the passage Of the Civil Rights Act, IBM took a bold stand in favor of equal opportunity. Thomas J. Watson, Jr., then presid€mt of IBM, wrote to all employees: " . .Each Of the citizens of this country has an equal right to live and work in America. It is the policy of this organization to hire people who have the personality, talent and background necessary to fill a given job, regardless of race, color or creed." Watson backed up this statement with action, refusing to enforce Jim Crow laws at IBM facilities. Yet neariy seven decades later, the horrible and tragic deaths of George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor and too many others remind us that the fight against racism is as urgent as ever. To that end, IBM would like to work with Congress in pursuit of justice and racial equity, focused initially in three key policy areas: police reform, responsible use of technol()gy, and broadening skills and educational opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Senate and the House of Representatives 1
    Why It Matters The Senate and the Ask students to imagine that they have one of the most important jobs in gov- House of Representatives ernment. Tell them that they work long TAKING As you read, take hours to help people, and that they are BEFORE YOU READ NOTES paid well for their efforts. Ask students notes on the Senate The Main Idea Focus Questions Key Terms and the House of Represen- how they feel about this job. Now tell tatives. Use a chart like this them that every two years they have to Congress is divided 1. What are the two houses bicameral legislature, one to record your notes. into two houses, the of Congress? p. 136 battle to keep their job for only another Senate and the House of 2. What are the qualifications, apportioned, p. 136 U.S. Congress two years. How do they feel now? Representatives, and its salaries, and rules of conduct gerrymandering, p. 137 Two Houses Congress Members Explain to students that members of the members have certain for members of Congress? immunity, p. 138 qualifications. House of Representatives face exactly expulsion, p. 139 this situation. censure, p. 139 Key Terms Preteach the following terms: When your town decides local issues, The House of Representatives bicameral legislature lawmaking body of such as funding for a road or a new According to the Constitution, the number two houses (p. 136) school tax, each voter has a say. This of representatives each state can elect to the apportioned distributed (p. 136) is direct democracy. On a national House is based on the state’s population.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Law 94-59 94Th Congress an Act
    PUBLIC LAW 94-59—JULY 25, 1975 89 STAT. 269 Public Law 94-59 94th Congress An Act Making appropriations for the Legislative Brancli for the fiscal year ending July 25, 1975 June 30, 1976, and the period ending September 30, 1976, and for other [H.R. 6950] purposes. Be it enoMed hy the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following Legislative sums are appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not other­ Branch wise appropriated, for the Legislative Branch for the fiscal year end­ Appropriation ing June 30, 1976, and the period ending September 30, 1976, and for Act, 1976. other purposes, namely: TITLE I SENATE COMI'ENSATION AND MiLEAGE OF THE ViCE PRESIDENT AND SENATORS 2 use 60a note. AND EXPENSE ALLOWANCES or THE VICE PRESIDENT AND LEADERS or THE SENATE COMPENSATION AND MILEAGE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT AND SENATORS For compensation and mileage of the Vice President and Senators of the United States, $4,809,240. For "Compensation and Mileage of the Vice President and Senators of the United States" for the period July 1, 1976, through Septem­ ber 30,1976, $1,205,000. EXPENSE ALLOWANCES OF THE VICE PRESIDENT AND MAJORITY AND MINORITY LEADERS For expense allowance of the Vice President, $10,000; Majority Leader of the Senate, $3,000; and Minority Leader of the Senate, $3,000; in all, $16,000. For "Expense allowance of the Vice President, $2,500; Majority Leader of the Senate, $750; and Minority Leader of the Senate, $750"; in all, for the period July 1, 1976, through September 30, 1976, $4,000.
    [Show full text]
  • § 5. in General
    Ch. 3 § 4 PRECEDENTS OF THE HOUSE The Clerk read the resolution, as follows: H. RES. 9 Resolved, That, effective at the beginning of the 104th Congress, there shall be available, in equal amounts to the Republican Steering Committee and the Democratic Policy Com- mittee, such sums as may be necessary, to be provided, as determined by the Committee on Appropriations, from amounts previously appropriated for other purposes under the appropriation for salaries and expenses of the House of Representatives, fiscal year 1995. The SPEAKER pro tempore.(19) Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New York? There was no objection. The resolution was agreed to. A motion to reconsider was laid on the table. B. Floor Leaders and Party Whips § 5. In General The floor leaders in the House are known as the Majority Leader (chosen by the majority party) and the Minority Leader (chosen by the minority party). Unlike the Speaker of the House, floor leaders are not officers of the House and thus are not elected by the full House. Instead, they are leaders within their respective party organizations and are elected solely by those organizations. The election of each party’s floor leader is typically conveyed to the House by an announcement by the chair of the party caucus or con- ference.(1) The individual party organizations are responsible for electing new leaders in the case of a vacancy in the position. Third parties have sometimes elected their own floor leaders, but this has not occurred in many decades.(2) In the 112th Congress in 2011, the Democratic Caucus created a new position of ‘‘Assistant Democratic Leader.’’ In addition to the floor leaders, each party also maintains a whip organi- zation that is headed by the Majority Whip (for the majority party) and the Minority Whip (for the minority party).
    [Show full text]
  • Calendar No. 147
    Calendar No. 147 104TH CONGRESS REPORT 1st Session SENATE 104±114 " ! LEGISLATIVE BRANCH APPROPRIATIONS, 1996 JULY 18 (legislative day, JULY 10), 1995.ÐOrdered to be printed Mr. MACK, from the Committee on Appropriations, submitted the following R E P O R T [To accompany H.R. 1854] The Committee on Appropriations, to which was referred the bill (H.R. 1854) making appropriations for the legislative branch for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996, and for other purposes, re- ports the same to the Senate with amendments and recommends that the bill as amended do pass. Amount of new budget (obligational) authority Amount of bill as reported to Senate ...................... $2,190,380,000 President's budget, 1996 .......................................... 2,617,614,000 Legislative branch appropriations, 1995 ................ 2,390,421,100 Amount of bill below President's budget ................ ´427,234,000 Amount of bill below legislative branch appropria- tions, 1995 ............................................................. ´200,041,100 92±272 cc (1) C O N T E N T S Page Title IÐCongressional operations: Senate ................................................................................................................ 5 House of Representatives ................................................................................. 28 Joint Items ........................................................................................................ 28 Office of Technology Assessment ....................................................................
    [Show full text]