SOME NOTES on SPRUCE GROUSE (Dendragapus Canadensis)
SOME NOTES ON SPRUCE GROUSE (Dendragapus canadensis) by Michael R. Greenwald, West Roxbury One of the most frequently sought and least frequently found of New England's avifauna is the Spruce Grouse. All too often, when a bird is found, it is identified on the premises that a grouse that does not flee or a grouse observed in Maine, northern New Hampshire, northern New York, or extreme northern Vermont is a Spruce Grouse. Unfortunately, both premises are incorrect. A female Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) will frequently stand her ground, display, and even charge at an unwelcome human intruder if chicks are any where in the vicinity. Furthermore, in all of the Spruce Grouse's New England range, the Ruffed Grouse is the more common grouse. This article is an attempt to provide some clues to the identification of the Spruce Grouse (especially the female), some hints on how to find this elusive bird in the V/hite Mountains of New Hampshire, and some miscellaneous notes and observations. There are five recognized subspecies of the Spruce Grouse (formerly Canachites canadensis); the nominate Hudsonian Spruce Grouse (Dendragapus c. canadensis), "Franklin's" grouse (D. c. franklinii), Valdez Spruce Grouse (D. c. atratus, Canada Spruce Grouse (D. c. canace), and Alaskan Spruce Grouse (D. c. osgoodi). (See The A.O.U. Checklist of North American Birds, Fifth Edition, 1957.) Since it is only the Canada Spruce Grouse that occurs in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, southern Ontario, southern Quebec, New England, New York, and the north-central states, this discussion is confined to that subspecies except when, for lack of infor mation, studies of the other subspecies must be used.
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