Western Washington University Western CEDAR

Klipsun Magazine Western Student Publications

3-1986

Klipsun Magazine, 1986, Volume 17, Issue 04 - March

Mark Connolly Western Washington University

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Recommended Citation Connolly, Mark, "Klipsun Magazine, 1986, Volume 17, Issue 04 - March" (1986). Klipsun Magazine. 86. https://cedar.wwu.edu/klipsun_magazine/86

This Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Western Student Publications at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Klipsun Magazine by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KENDALL

PETE The New Soccer Fairhaven Gets a Face-lift Bellingham s Womencare Shelter KLIPSUN Editor MARK CONNOLLY Managing Editor JEFF BRAIMES Story Editor JOHN G. PURCELL Photo Editor TIM CHOVANAK Art Director PADDY BRUCE Graphic Design DEBRA SQUIRES Typesetter LIISA HANNUS Adviser CAROLYN DALE Business Manager JON DIACK

Staff; liii John Atkinson Holly Blomberg Kolby Cain Donna Davis Boni Etter Pamela Floyd Michelle Giebel Naomi Jarvie Jeff Keeling Pete Kendall Laura Long Tim Mahoney Therese McRae Chris Moench Thimas Mosby Gary Nevan Ric Selene Ken Swarner

Special Thanks to Yumiko Higashinakano, Galen Biery, Sue Hilleary, Margaret Louden, Dave Ellison, Ken Anderson

Klipsun is a Lummi Indian word mean­ ing beautiful sunset.

Klipsun is a twice-quarterlv publication funded with student fees and distributed free of charge. Klipsun welcomes letters, manuscripts and art submissions. All should include the author's name, address and telephone number. Klipsun, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, (206) 676-3737. Printed at WWU Printing Plant.

Copyright® 1986 by Klipsun.

2 KLIPSUN KLIPSUN Volume 17; Number 4 10 SHELTERING THE RATTERED AMONG US The Bellingham Womencare Shelter offers women a way out of abusive relationships. 14 FAIRHAVEN’S NEW OLD LOOK A wealthy entrepreneur restores the old Fairhaven District with renovated enthusiasm.

EVERYTHING YOU WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT HOWTO. . Howto Talk to Your Televi­ sion Set;" se?c researcher Xaviera Goodlips and more.

6 THE NEW SOCCER: INDOOR HEATS OUT- DOOR TO THE BALL The old European game is picking up speed in indoor America.

18 A CHAMPION WITH EMPTY HANDS With time on her side; Bellingham's Kim Eriedl kickS; punches and chops her way to the top. 21 ROAMING TO THE HEART OF THE HIGH- LANDS An ancestral daughter visits her clan castle. 26 WHEN STUDENTS ARE RIGHT, CAN PROFES­ SORS RE LEFT? THE SIEGE ON FREEDOM IN ACADEMIA Conservatives clash with college profs over the sanctity of the lectern. 30 THE HYPE STUFF EDITOR’S NOTE: A counter- reaction to the tragedy of the space shuttle Challenger.

MARCH 1986 3 EVERYTHING YOU WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT

by Boni Etter IT WAS WHILE PAWNING MY WAY THROUGH A mildewing laundry hamper that I dis­ covered it. A green patina slimed the cover. The pages were damp, the corners curled and a strange "mummy- cloth” odor hung in the air. I wiped the cover wdth my kamikaze shirt. Like a genie disarming his master, the title suddenly popped out—"Howto Get Organized.” I was lost in a land of "how-to” oblivion.

The world stopped. Laundry molded. Toast burned. In my Become a College President, ” "How to Become a Bishop hands lay the answers. My fingers trembled as I nimbly Without Being Religious, ” "How to Go to Work When Your pulled the pages apart. God, a "how-to" book! Husband Is Against It, Your Children Aren’t Old Enough, and Ok, so now you know. I am a "how-to" junkie. But, I’m not There’s Nothing You Can Do Anyhow, ” "How to Make a alone. Every year, millions of books are printed expounding Jewish Movie," "How to Control the Military ” and "How to the methods of how to become this or how to do that. Let’s Avoid Social Diseases, ” among others. face it, the public must crave this "how-to ” experience or so Next, local bookstores. A comparable selection is offered. many mini-courses wouldn’t appear on the market. Local What can’t be found on shelves is found on computer bookstore owners echo these thoughts, saying "how-to ” screens. The list seemed endless but soon a pattern books are consistent sellers. developed. What makes these books so popular? Maybe it is what these Say, for example, you hunger to make the all-American fast books are NOT that makes them so inviting. "How-to ” books buck. Why waste all that money on tuition? I suggest these are not novels, anthologies or literary masterpieces. They fill a books: "How to Keep Your Car Running, Your Money in Your need, satisfy a curiousity and are as diverse as milktoast and Pocket and Your Mind Intact, ” "How to Get Filthy Rich Even if Lysol. You’re Flat Broke," "Howto Make a Fortune,” "Howto Make a So, who writes these books? Who reads them? Where can Million Dollars, ” "How to Make Your Money Make Money, ” they be found? The research began. and, if after making your millions, you still are not satisfied, Scanning the local libraries, bookstores, and "Books in you may want to read this book: "How To Loose One Print, ” I searched for the unusual, the unique, the creative. I Hundred Million Dollars and Other Valuable Advice. ” was not disappointed. As you can see, "how-to ” books often are aimed at specific First stop—Western’s Wilson Library. I pulled out the card audiences. A woman may find just what she needs in "How to catalog files—two drawers full. It must have been a sign! Hover­ Get a Man After You’re Forty. ” But she shouldn’t be too hasty, ing over my selection like a vulture awaiting a double-fudge, as her man may find an interest in this book: "How to Get Rid white-chocolate cow, I drooled. Then, closing my eyes, I of Your Wife and No Court Will Ever Convict You. ” randomly selected a title: "How to Kill a College." You mean This research has led me to believe that many "how-to ” to tell me Western has a book on how to kill a college? There books appeal to the fragile nature of human maladies. What were more: "How to Dress Your Dancer, ” "How to Watch can’t be cured, or constructed, can be eliminated. Unfortu­ Football, ” "How to Loose Everything in Politics except Mas- nately this is no joke. sachusettes, ” "How to be a Good Communist, ” "How to A six-volume series of books titled "How to Kill ’’ is pub­

4 KLIPSUN lished by Paladin Press, in Boulder, Colo. The "How to Kill" partners to only see their good parts first?" series includes: lessons that professional assassins have Goodlips giggled. “Yes, that’s correct. ” Then she paused, employed, explanations of death-dealing devices developed waved a warning finger in my direction and said, “Of course, by the OSS, SOE, KGB and CIA and detailed information on that can be very difficult. Especially, ifyou only have one good building weapons. part. ” In the preface to the first volume author John Minnery Sidetracked, I wondered what my good part was. Pulling writes, "My only premise is that there are times when one myself togethe I asked her what prompted her to write “How must attack with complete ruthlessness and fight vvdth lethal to Be A Modern Day Scarlet Woman"? fuiy. This fury and ruthlessness must be harnessed and “Women’s liberation!” she exclaimed. Her hands directed to the gravest possible damage—to kill." conversed with the air as she talked, and her tie got lost in her Who buys these books? One can only guess. But, according cleavage. “ As the result of the Women’s Movement, women to the receptionist from Paladin Press, the books have been have become increasingly liberated sexually, while men have steady sellers for the last ten years. These books are available not. Liberated women everywhere are finding themselves by mail in the United States. No book in the "How to Kill" forced to become modern day scarlet women. ” series is available in Canada, due to legislation by the Cana­ Goodlips explained that it took her a great deal of research dian Solicitor General. to compile her book. “ It took me three years to write it, ” she You say violence is not your plate of shrimp? You would said. She admitted to being a very dedicated researcher. But, rather make love than war? These books may be of interest: when asked about the sex research she does in her garage, "How to Make Love to a Man," "How to Make Love to a she smiled, pressed one finger to her fuchsia lips, and whis­ Woman," "How to Make Love to a Single Woman," " How to pered, ““strictly confidential.’' Make Love to Each Other" or "How to Make Love to an I wondered about Mr. Goodlips, and asked how he felt Extra-terrestrial." And, if all else fails,try "How to Have Inter­ about the fact that she was out in the garage doing all that course Without Getting Screwed." research. Wondering if these books are for real? Yes, indeed. And so A twinkle sparked in her eyes, and she tried to compose a are the authors. Researching the obscure, I found a risque serious expression. “Well, when I leave the garage, I try to paperback entitled "How to Be a Modern Day Scarlet make it a point not to bring my work home with me. ” Woman." In this book the author, Xaviera Goodlips, explains Thumbing through her book, I noted all the catagories of the modern techniques of the dating game. "Demure" is a key men she describes: Mr. Whoops, Last Chance Lewie, Mr. word in this book. Curious, I located the author. Giblet, etc. I asked her if she was a man-hater. Xaviera Goodlips is a housewife, author and sex researcher “Of course not! ” she exclaimed as her cheeks flamed to a (Ms. Goodlips does sex research in her garage) who lives in bright pink. “Would I devote a whole section of my book to Shelton, Wash. Because she is such a private person, I agreed the “curse of the silly putty penis,’ if I really didn’t care about to an interview at the home of a mutual friend. ?} > Goodlips arrived like a pink panther explosion! Goodlips said her book was published with the help of a Bright pink, high-top booties wrapped her ankles, snug- local businessman who wished to remain anonymous. She fitting purple pants hugged her tiny frame. Her hot pink said that although her book was banned by local bookstores in blazer was buttoned at the navel and around her neck hung a Shelton for being too controversial, she has had no problem floral suit tie. NO shirt—just cleavage! Her lips were painted selling her book outside that area. Goodlips said that women same bright pink, and around a mass of black curls, flopped a and, strangely enough, construction workers love it. PINK bow. I reached out to shake her hand. Her fingerless Did she write her book to make money? lace gloves revealed long, manicured, you got it, PINK finger­ “ No, no. I’d just have to say that I’m a very dedicated nails. I stumbled for the right words and sputtered out, "Uh person," Goodlips said, adjusting her bow as she smiled. . . . a . . . PINK!" Then she paused, rolled her tie between two fingers and Goodlips laughed, her bow flopping precariously to one added, “ Although the money’s nice. After all, I need a lot of side. "Oh, this is not pink," she announced, directing her equipment out there in the garage. ” fingers to her colorful frame. "Anything pinky, makes men For those people who find Ms. Goodlips’ equipment too kinky. This is fuck-me fuchsia!" hot to handle, may I suggest you begin your “ how to be I stuttered. Apologizing for my lack of decorum, I explained something ” experience with something a little more subtle, that I was expecting, maybe, a Dr. Ruth. I asked her how she such as “ How to be a Scientist in Your own Home, ” “ How to compares herself to the famous sex researcher. be a Successful Failure, ” How to Be an Italian, ” How to Be a "Dr. Ruth deals more with the mechanics of sex, whereas I Yogi, ” “Howto Be a Pregnant Father, ” "Howto Be an Alien, ” or deal more with sexual etiquette." She paced back and forth “ How to Be Happy Though Married. ” and pressed a fuchsia fingertip to her chin. "Yes, that’s it. I You want something simpler yet? May I suggest these basic deal with sexual etiquette. For example, there’s a section in books: “ How to Talk Back to the Telephone Company" or my book entitled Howto Be a Technical Virgin.’ In it, I explain "How to Talk Back to Your Television Set." the proper way to undress for your ‘first sexual encounter.” After all this research, 1 still realize that you can’t judge a Goodlips said she considers any sexual encounterwdth a new book by its cover, but these two books made me wonder: partner as a ‘first. ” “ How to Get Bitten By a Rattlesnake and Make the Most of It ” Remembering this part of her book, I asked, "Isn’t this and “ How to Embalm Your Mother-in-Law. "O where you advise women to make sure they allow their Xaviera Goodlips is a pseudonym of her own choosing.

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■ ^';i.- ■ THE NEW SOCCER: INDOOR BEATS OUTDOOR TO THE BALL by Jeff Keeling Imagine you are in the goalie box in American game with exceptional ele­ of its eighth season, having had a total of an indoor soccer game. Six people are ments. These characteristics create a 26 franchises, 12 of which remain for running wildly around in front of you, game with the fast action and high scor­ this season. The Puget Sound region when suddenly a bright red ball rockets ing that are popular with North Ameri­ has a representative, the Tacoma Stars, into your field of vision five feet away on can fans, who did not provide enough who are in their third season in the a beeline for your face. After collapsing support to keep the North American league. to the artificial turf and feeling the ball Soccer League, North America’s only The sport is also very popular on the slam into the net after barely missing outdoor professional soccer league, amateur level. Here in Bellingham, the your head, you praise the gods for sav­ financially solvent. Since the NASL former Bakerview Ice Arena has been ing your life and shakily rise to your feet. folded two years ago, the MISL is North adapted for indoor soccer. The arena, Suddenly your ears are assailed by an America’s only professional soccer owned by Bellingham National Bank, indistinguishable babble, and you real­ league. was, until this year, the home ice of the ize, from the bits of English you catch, Since the debut of indoor soccer, the Western hockey club, which could not that the men wearing the orange shirts sport’s popularity has increased enor­ generate the funds required to pay the are not as happy as you are about your mously. The game was first played in lease on the building. It now houses an good fortune. 1974, when a Soviet army team played MISL-sized field that should be kept Welcome to the Major Indoor Soccer an American all-star team in front of busy by the 68 teams currently playing League. 13,000 excited fans in Philadelphia. in the league there. The MISL is the professional repre­ In 1978, six teams played a 24-game sea­ In addition to this county-wide sentative of a game that, while basically son, and the MISL was born. The league. Western has intramural leagues resembling outdoor soccer, truly is an nationwide league is now in the midst in the fall and winter quarters, which

6 KLIPSUN draw a large number of participants. six team fouls have accumulated in one peting in youth, men’s and women’s Most people who play amateur indoor quarter. The game is composed of four leagues, exceeding even the maximum soccer were already soccer players 15-minute quarters, with a running 60 teams that Hanrahan had envisioned when they learned the game. Although clock. Other than the above, the game is entering. outdoor soccer did not survive on the played according to the rules of con­ In addition to a men’s first division professional level in North America, it ventional soccer. with eight teams and a men’s over-30 has experienced continual growth on Many times, of course, the game must division with eight teams, there are ten the amateur level as more and more be played under conditions slightly less under-19 boys’ teams. A six-team divi­ kids get involved in youth leagues each ideal than those enjoyed by the players sion combines women’s teams and year. in the MISL. Western’s intramural girls’ under-19 teams. The under-19 age But why does the well-informed games, for instance, are played in the group includes ages 15 to 19. There also American sports fan know next to close quarters of Carver Gym D, where are two co-ed divisions, with four teams nothing about this remarkable game? the wall can only be used on three sides in the first division and six in the The answer is simple enough. The of the field, and one side must be played second. The rest of the teams are in game is so new in relation to other with a touch line. Also, in amateur play, boys’ and girls’ youth leagues, with sports that it has not had the time to the ball used is sometimes covered with under-14, under-12, under-10 and establish itself in the media. Tony Ven- fuzz, giving it the appearance of a under-8 divisions. All teams play a ten- trella may mention the Tacoma Stars on mutant tennis ball. This is done so the game schedule, concluding with tour­ the 11 p.m. news, but, knowing little ball won’t travel as fast and so it won’t naments at the end of the season. A about the game, the viewer likely will hurt as much when it hits a player, game consists of 12-minute quarters, choose that time to go to the fridge and which happens quite often. with adult divisions playing with the grab another brew. The few seconds of Jim Hanrahan is the manager of the normal goalie and five players. Youth exciting footage missed would probably teams consist of a goalie and six players. prove incomprehensible, but they may The field the CISL uses is regulation also have sparked interest. "As long as it's soccerj like MISL size, and it purchased its artificial Does the name Steve Zungul strike a it.• . >} turf from the Vancouver (B.C.) White- familiar chord? Probably not. But, in five —Western student Jeff Willis caps franchise when it went under. The of the MISL’s first seven seasons, the CISL field is one of the few MISL-size 31-year-old Yugoslav has won the Most fields in the state, and Hanrahan is Valuable Player award and the scoring Cascade Indoor Soccer League (CISL) entertaining hopes of scheduling pos­ championship. You won’t see him ped­ and also president of the Whatcom sible exhibitions by the Stars or other dling Bic razors or jockey shorts, how­ County Youth Soccer Association. The top-flight teams. League games are on ever, because most of the free world has idea of an area indoor soccer league is weeknights, and the facility is open to never heard of him. Or how about the the brainchild of Hanrahan and North rent for soccer floor time from 8 a.m. to New York Arrows? One of the league’s Bellingham Soccer Club President Steve 3 p.m., Monday through Friday. The original franchises, they won four Price. cost is $20 per hour. On weekends, the league titles before folding after the When they first thought of putting facility is used for team practices by 1983-84 season. together an indoor league, Hanrahan league teams. In addition. Western The MISL game is played on a field and Price quickly realized that a facility soccer coach Bruce Campbell has been 200 feet long and 85 feet wide, sur­ was the number one priority. After con­ working on a college-level tournament rounded by three-and-a-half- to four- tacting the Bellingham Hockey Associa­ to be played on weekends at the arena. and-a-half-foot high boards topped tion, which was having trouble paying Quite a few Western students, many with plexiglass. This gives the field the its lease on the Bakerview Ice Arena, from Western’s soccer team, currently appearance of a hockey rink covered they ran an experimental league last are playing in the men’s league. with artificial turf. Other similarities to spring. It turned out to be quite suc­ Hanrahan said the league plans to hockey include free substitutions, cessful, attracting a total of 34 teams. lease the building for as long as possi­ penalty time spent out of play and Plans called for a league last summer. ble, but added the bank still is looking teams composed of a goalie and five But when the Bellingham National Bank for a buyer. At $420 per team, or $30 per players. The goalie, however, must repossessed the arena last July, it player, the league should have no prob­ defend a goal 12 feet wide by six-and-a- appeared that Hanrahan and Price lem sta^ang afloat financially in the near half feet high, which becomes quite dif­ were back to square one. future, especially if Hanrahan is close ficult when the ball caroms off the After trying unsuccessfully to locate a with his estimate of 90 teams signing up "extra man, ” as the boards are known. buyer, the bank last October agreed to for spring play. He expects most of the A red line runs 30 feet from either side lease the building to the CISL for a growth to be in the women’s and youth of the center line, and any ball crossing three-month period, with an option for divisions. both red lines in the air is a "three-line another year to be decided at the end of While the opportunities are available violation, ” and a free kick is awarded to the first three months. So Hanrahan for the indoor soccer player who can the opposing team. An experimental and Price decided to offer a league this afford it, many Western students have rule being tried this year puts a player winter. The response has been over­ no room in their budget for indoor in the penalty box for two minutes after whelming. A total of 68 teams are com­ soccer. Western’s intramural program

MARCH 1986 7 had its inaugural indoor season in the fall of 1984. Since then, the program has been very popular. In fact, as is the case with many of Western’s intramural pro­ grams, there have been more teams than spaces. The current league plays from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturdays and, because of the lack of facilities, there are only ten teams. Marie Sather, Western’s club sport/ intramural adviser, says “the soccer people are a real fun group to w^ork with because of their enthusiasm. I like to give them time, but we have only limited space. ” Western’s intramural games are composed of ten-minute quarters and, because of the limited space of gym D, teams are limited to five players instead of the customary six. The champion­ ship team from fall quarter of this year was the Happy Campers. Jeff Willis, a Western sophomore from Everett, was a member of the Happy Campers last fall. An outdoor player for 12 years, Willis’ first exposure to indoor was in a league during his senior year in high school. He admits a preference for outdoor, which he calls “the real thing. ” But, as he puts it, “as long as it’s soccer, I like it. ” John Best is the president of the MlSL’s Tacoma Stars franchise. The team is located in Tacoma because “the point was to put a major league team in this building (the Tacoma Dome). ” The Stars are part of an overall effort designed to enhance the Tacoma area and dispel the notion of Tacoma being the industrial armpit of the Puget Sound area. The team is owned by a corporation comprised of 13 local busi­ ness people with an obvious interest in improving the city’s image. Although the MISL has not MISL final score is closer to 5-3 or 6-5, The MISL is comprised of 12 teams in approached either the stature or secur­ with each goalie having to stop 50 or two divisions, with the top four in each ity of a professional sports league like more shots. Another thing making division advancing to the playoffs. In the NBA, Best noted “this league is in its indoor soccer more popular as a spec­ markets where it competes with the eighth year, (and) it says a great deal that tator sport than outdoor is the hype National Basketball Association, the this league has endured consistently. ” surrounding the games. To the strains MISL holds its own quite well, outdraw- Best cited the examples of World Team of rock music, the Stars emerge from the ing its NBA counterparts in Washing­ Tennis and the Women’s Basketball back of their goal at home games, par­ ton, D.C., where the Baltimore Blast League as leagues that have risen and tially hidden from view by a dense competes with the NBA s Bullets, and in folded during the life of the MISL. cloud of non-toxic laser mist that is Cleveland, where the Cleveland Force The intensity and pace of the game illuminated by the Stars’ own laser. “It’s outdraws the Cavaliers. In the other are what make it popular to the fans, presented as a very competitive sport, competitive markets, teams are close to who love the many scoring opportuni­ but its purpose is also to entertain,” even in attendance compared to the ties indoor soccer provides. In the now- Best said. NBA, except in Los Angeles where the defunct NASL, it was not uncommon to The game causes players to use quick mighty Lakers far out draw the MlSL’s see a game with a 1-0 or 2-1 score, with stops and starts or sprints down the mediocre Lazers. less than 20 shots on goal. A typical length of the field. This necessitates the

8 KLIPSUN free substitution rule, allowing teams to difference between winning and losing Sounders would not help the Stars make use of every player within the comes down to tactics and execution. since the two teams played different game. In outdoor soccer, substitutions Being a young franchise has worked seasons. usually are limited to injury replace­ against Tacoma in one way. Indeed, the two teams played differ­ ments. This facet of the game also helps Early in the MISL’s existence, players ent games. Outdoor soccer has failed to make it more popular to Americans, as from the NASL often played in the MISL cut a professional niche in the fabric of the American players, w^ho may be less as well, often in illegal agreements American sport. Meanwhile, in the ’80s, experienced, are guaranteed playing between teams from the different the indoor game is rocketing toward a time. The Stars’ roster includes quite a leagues. When the Stars formed, this new goal. few Northwest players, including practice had been halted by the NASL, Back in the goalie box, you see Tacoma’s Jeff Stock and Mark Peterson, forcing the Stars to look elsewhere for another shot coming your way. This Jim McAlister from Federal Way and players. On the day the NASL’s Seattle time you gather it in and quickly toss Seattle’s Gerard McGlynn. Sounders club folded. Best was asked the ball downfield to your midfielder, The league is very competitive, with by the Post-Intelligencer if he thought who dribbles through three defenders not much noticeable difference in tal­ this would provide a windfall for the and snakes the ball past the opposing ent between the top teams and those Stars. He responded by saying the loss goalkeeper for another Stars’ score as whose records are not so good. Except to the soccer community of any team is the packed Tacoma Dome shakes wdth for San Diego, a star-laden franchise, the a loss to everyone, and the loss of the thunder. o TACOMA’S STARS SHOOT HIGHER

Before a Jan. 25 game in the Tacoma Prior to the game, Tacoma Stars Presi­ overtime contest, 6-5, to second-place Dome against the Kansas City Comets, dent John Best expressed his opinion Wichita on Jan. 31, and coming back the the Stars were in sixth and last place in following night to defeat the Comets the Major Indoor Soccer League’s west­ again, this time in Kansas City, 7-3. ern division. With a record of 10-16, the During the same week Hinton was Stars were one game behind the hired, the Stars were chasing after Steve Comets and the Los Angeles Lazers. Zungul, the five-time league Most Valu­ After a quick 7-4 start that had them in able Player, who was playing for San first place, the Stars had slipped dras­ Diego. On Feb. 4 they announced the tically in the standings. The playoffs signing of Zungul, who at the time was were still within reach, but things had leading the MISL in scoring for the sixth to be turned around. Coming off a win year. Zungul’s acquisition seemed to in Pittsburgh, the Stars could pull into a show the Stars to be a team in transi­ tie with Kansas City and one half game tion, dedicated to getting back on the behind L.A. winning track. Unfortunately, the Stars A fairly small crowd showed up at the also found out in late January that start­ Tacoma Dome, and there wasn’t much ing goalie Mike Dowler was out for the for them to shout about in the first three season, putting the burden on Barretta, quarters , as the Comets built a 3-1 lead who has performed well since Dowler’s despite the ball being in their end much injury. of the time. Early in the fourth quarter, With a winning tendency developing the Stars struck back quickly as Tacoma under Hinton, the Stars appear headed native Mark Peterson netted two goals in the right direction again. They need in less than five minutes. Later, after the excitement of winning to draw the Tacoma goalie John Baretta had made on the Stars’ playoff hopes. “Very realis­ 10,000 fans a game Best says are needed some spectacular saves, the Stars’ tic. I don’t feel satisfied with where we to keep the franchise operating suc- young leading scorer, a Yugoslav who are, and we will do everything we can to cessfullv. With a new coach the team is goes by the moniker Preki, blasted in improve. ” excited about and the recent acquisi­ the winning goal. The crowd became The next week. Best’s statement tion of “The Lord of All Indoor, ” as Zun­ very vocal during the comeback, shak­ proved to be prophetic. On Jan. 29, Stars gul is known, the Stars seem ready to ing the Dome by stamping their feet on coach Bob McNab was fired and bring more wins to Tacoma fans. O the stands in some patented Tacoma replaced by Alan Hinton. Hinton is best “foot thunder. ” The Stars, last in the remembered as tbe coach who took the league in goals per game, had come Seattle Sounders to a Soccer Bowl, through with a big fourth quarter to which was the NASL’s championship climb out of the division cellar, or at game. In their first two games under least drag the Comets down with them. Hinton, the Stars split, losing a tough

MARCH 1986 9 SHEL TERING THE BATTERED AMONG US

by Christopher Moench

On a rainy, wind-torn evening in Jan­ When John came home, tired after a Shawm. Ifyou want it sooner,you can get uary, Beth cooked salmon, salad and long week teaching English, and a little it yourself,” Beth answered, her owm garlic bread-herhusband John’s favor­ drunk from a stop at the tavern, Beth anger mounting. ite meal. She set the table with candles could hear the barely controlled anger As she started toward the bathroom and put on a pretty dress, the one he in his voice. “What’s for dinner?” he carrying Shawm, John grabbed her had given her after their last fight. The demanded. She told him. He had been elbow. “ Shawm can wait,” he said, dress was pretty, but not sexy. She hoping for a steak. plucking the child from her arm and didn’t want to seduce him. Beth hoped Just then Shawm started crying. His dropping him among his toys on the to just keep the evening calm. diaper was wet, and he couldn’t breath floor. Beth had spent the day cooped up in through his nose. Beth turned to help “Don’t treat him like that! ” gritted their small apartment, caring for their him. Beth, as Shawm started to bawl. She bent two-year-old son. Shawm. He had a cold, “Aw hell, can’t the kid be quiet? 1 dowm to retrieve him. and the apartment seemed to trap his worked all day and come home to this Just then John pushed her back, snotty, frustrated demands till they . . .” In anger, John broke into a yell. away from the child. She fell against a condensed in a cloud of anguish in “ Shut him up and get my dinner! ” low coffee table, gashing her shin on the Beth’s head. “ I’ll get it as soon as I’m finshed wdth corner and bruising her back as she

10 KLIPSUN bounced off onto the floor. John pulled to educate the community about vio­ Also, Taylor said, women with higher her up, slapped her several times and lence against women, particularly economic' and social status may be less pushed her tovv^ard the kitchen. “You’ll domestic violence and battering. ” likely to report abuse when it occurs do as I say, ” he growled. While the legal definition of abuse is and more inclined to stay in an abusive Beth hurriedly brought John his that the person must have experienced relationship that a lower-income dinner, while the child sat alone, physical assault, or the threat of immi­ woman would leave. Upper-income screaming. Then, on the pretext of nent bodily harm, the Shelter’s defini­ women, particularly those with few changing Shawn, Beth went to the bed­ tion is broader and includes a range of working skills to fall back on, have more room, stuffed a few clothes in a sack, sexual and psychological battering. to lose—economically and socially— grabbed her purse and, with Shawn in “ If a woman turns to us seeking help, with the termination of their her arms, stole quietly out of the we don’t question that she has been relationship. apartment. abused. We believe her story. In fact, For a woman like Beth, the decision The preceding story is a fictional since people tend to minimize the se­ to leave would be the culmination of a account of an incident of domestic vio­ verity of the abuse they have received, long struggle to maintain the relation­ lence. Its components of ongoing coer­ we generally assume that it’s worse ship in the face of her mate’s increasing cive violent domination of the woman than they tell us, ” Taylor said. violent efforts to control her day-to-day by the man in an intimate relationship, “ Safety is a key aspect of sheltering, ” existence. are drawn from factual descriptions of she stressed. “ Womencare’s primary Though the specific events involved domestic violence provided by Janice mission is to provide safe refuge to bat­ in relationships deteriorating into Taylor, Shelter Services Coordinator for tered women and their children . . . abuse are exceptional to the circum­ Bellingham’s Womencare Shelter, and That is why the Shelter is in a confiden­ stances of each relationship, there are Lenore Walker’s ‘The Battered tial location. Nobody can find them (the two patterns of behavior which Taylor Woman. ” women) there unless they want to be said are generally true of all battering Taylor, a trim woman in her 30s, found. ” relationships: containment and social wearing slacks and a comfortably On the local level, from January to isolation. Speaking over the melody of rumpled blue-striped cotton shirt, de­ November, 1985, the Bellingham Police the Forest Street traffic playing freely scribed the problem of domestic vio­ responded to 696 domestic violence through the open wfindow of the office, lence and the services of the Women­ calls—roughly two every day. During Taylor explained, “ containment operates care Shelter in an interview at the 1985, Womencare provided shelter ser­ largely at the subconscious level, and is Shelter’s business office in the YWCA. vices to 110 women and 150 children justified by the abuser vvdth sexist phi­ “Domestic violence and abuse can and answered more than 500 calls on losophy involving rigid sex role defini­ happen to any of us, ” Taylor said the Shelter line. The average stay at the tions. ” Generally he will demand emphatically. “There is no typical shelter was just over eight days, accord­ extreme accountability for day-to-day, woman’who is abused. . . no particular ing to statistics provided by even minute-by-minute, activities. group you can identify as experiencing Womencare. “ Beneath these demands lies the threat more violence . . . You can only point The majority of women helped by of violence, ” Taylor explained. out some differences in the attitude and Womencare are young mothers from Social isolation develops as the result approach a particular social or ethnic low-income families. Women aged 16 to of containment. The woman’s isolation group will take in dealing wdth the 78, however, and from all locally repre­ usually evolves gradually as, simul­ problem. ” sented cultural and economic classes, taneously, the man jealously demands Domestic violence is an integral part have stayed in the Shelter or used its his partner’s full attention and puts of many American marriages. An esti­ counseling services. contact with other adults, her familv mate by the National Coalition Against A frequent factor in the physical and and friends, off limits. Domestic Violence (NCADV) indicates psychological control the abuser has “ A common misunderstanding peo­ that domestic violence occurs at least over the woman is financial. Thus, Tay­ ple have ofwomen in abusive situations once in more than half of all marriages. lor observed, although women with is that they just passively take the Men commit 95 percent of all assaults larger incomes are more likely to travel abuse, ” Taylor observed. “ I don’t see on spouses, according to National to relatives, friends or stay in a motel, these women as passive at all. Rather, Crime Surv ey Data from 1973-1977. Yet, restricted access to their money may they are actively directing their energy the NCADV estimates that only 10 per­ force them to turn to public shelters, toward making sure he feels “OK,’ thus, cent of domestic violence incidents are such as Womencare. Womencare never hopefully, minimizing his outbursts. reported to the police. turns away women due to inability to She is actively working for her own Womencare Shelter was opened in pay. The Shelter charges six dollars a survival. ” 1979 by a group of concerned local night to women and two dollars a night Drawing pensively on a cigarette, women in an effort to address the prob­ for each child, up to a total nightly Taylor illustrated the containment lems of violence against women. The charge of twelve dollars. Residents may pattern with the story of a recent shelter group’s goals were, Taylor said, “to have work off their bills through volunteer resident. In her married life, the woman a safe place that battered women could work for Womencare or through other had kept a long list of jobs her husband go, and to have an organization con­ donated services. required her to do each day prior to his cerned with social change . . . working return from work. As the time of his arrival drew near and the listed tasks how her fault because she goes back about her charcter or personality that remained unfinished, her anxiety grew with him . . . You can look at it in differ­ caused her to land in an abusive rela­ in anticipation of his anger. ent ways. Either she is dumb to go back tionship. We assume that she is a think­ Containment and social isolation are to this abusive man—everyone can see ing person, able to make choices. Her enforced with physical and psycholog­ he’s a jerk! Or you can see that she is problem’ is that someone has commit­ ical abuse. The spectrum of physical maintaining hope that the relationship ted violence against her, ” Taylor said. abuse, also called battering, ranges wdll work out—she is trying, giving him The counseling focuses on building from threats, which may not be carried a break. the woman’s self-esteem, and assisting out, to all types of hitting, kicking, sex­ "Because they want the relationship her in dealing with the practical prob­ ual assault or other physically painful to work out so badly, it is common for lems associated with her situation. or humiliating methods. the batterer and the woman to mini­ These problems may range fi’om obtain­ “It is a mistake,’’ Taylor said, “to think mize and, sometimes, deny outright ing immediate medical attention for that battered women are seldom that abuse is happening. "The woman’s battering injuries and legal assistance severely hurt. ” The statistics underline tendency to minimize the abuse, ” in obtaining a "protection order, ” her statement: The FBI Uniform Crime Taylor said, "is reinforced by her fear of which restrains the abusive person Reports for 1982 indicate that one in the abuser’s revenge should she seek fi"om having contact with the victim, to four murders were women killed by help. ” long-term assistance in finding hous­ husbands or boyfriends. Twenty per­ The potential danger of revenge, and ing, child-care and employment. cent of women seeking emergency the woman’s fear of it, are the primary Working on a broader, community­ medical services were battered, accord­ reasons, Taylor said, that Womencare wide level, Womencare’s educational ing to “Medical Therapy as Repression: Shelter takes pains to maintain the out-reach program endeavors to The Case of the Battered Woman, ” by secrecy of its location. The Shelter is increase public awareness of domestic Evan Stark and Anne Fitchcraft. moved every two years. Incoming violence, creating a social environment Though physical battering is initially women must sign a confidentiality where awareness and admission of the the most dramatic and obvious form of statement that they won’t reveal its problem is more acceptable. For exam­ abuse, psychological abuse often has location. ple, people from Womencare recently the greater impact over the longest Yet, getting the abused woman to spoke to a group of clergy members, to period. leave her situation only is a first step in help them identify abusive families and Taylor said, “psychological abuse the process of stopping the abuse. Once provide appropriate services. involves the systematic destruction of the woman safely has arrived at a shel­ Apart from four paid staff who organ­ the woman’s self-esteem, telling her ter, she must decide either to eventually ize and administer funding and per­ over and over that she’s worthless and return to the relationship or to per­ sonnel, and generally coordinate that it’s her fault. The techniques used manently leave it. Womencare’s programs, Womencare is are similar to those used in brainwash­ To address the questions that arise entirely staffed by volunteers. Women ing prisoners of war. The difference is from this dilemma, Womencare has volunteers staff the shelter around the that, for POWs, the procedure is quick developed a range of services, which clock, provide the advocacy-based and obvious. In an intimate relation­ start with providing food and secure counseling, answer the Shelter phone ship, the attack is over a prolonged time housing at the Shelter, or an alternative and perform a medley of other tasks and the reason for the abuse may not be safe-house, for women and their chil­ required in the operation of the Women­ apparent even to the abuser. ” dren for up to four weeks. Also available care services, from helping with fund­ The inevitable question that arises is legal advocacy, which involves pro­ raising events to book-keeping. about women in abusive relationships viding information regarding legal pro­ While Womencare uses no male is: Why don’t they leave? If he is really cesses, such as obtaining protection volunteers in direct contact with the treating her that badly, often threaten­ orders, and referrals to attorneys in the abused women, or on its board of direc­ ing her life and the lives of her children, community. Individuals and groups tors, men are welcomed in supporting what is the motivation to stay? can receive "advocacy-based” roles, to primarily help with fund­ Terminating a relationship isn’t like counseling. raising efforts. "We like men to bake changing dirty dishwater for clean. “For the woman coming out of an things for bake sales, ” Taylor said with a People have a lot of time, dreams, abusive relationship, the most impor­ laugh. money and social status wrapped up in tant thing we try to do is raise her self­ In a more serious tone she con­ their relationships. Taylor estimates esteem. We help her recognize that she tinued. “Men who are concerned with that two-thirds of the women who has choices in her situation, that she domestic violence, and about ending come to the Shelter eventually return to isn’t trapped, and that she can find violence against women, should take their abusers. community and legal support for those concerns to other men. Ifviolence Many law enforcement people find changing her situation,’’ Taylor said. against women is a "women’s issue,’ this common pattern for abusive rela­ "Advocacy-based counseling (a term then doing the violence is a "men’s tionships frustrating, Taylor said. developed by the Washington State issue’ and men need to take responsi­

“ She's just going to get back together Shelter Network) begins with the bility for that. i i i i with him,’ they say, as if the fact that she assumption that the woman is basically Rocking back in her chair and blow­ is in an abusive relationship is some­ mentally healthy. It isn’t something ing smoke out the window, Taylor

KLlPSt’N nected,” Taylor said. “Some progress in the struggle to mount a strong, society-wide campaign to end domestic violence is being made, ” Taylor said emphatically, crush­ ing her cigarette. “ It was the direct result of work by women in the shelter­ ing movement to educate law enforce­ ment people, and in lobbying the legis­ lature, that the 1984 Domestic Violence Protection Act was passed. ” According to the “Womencare Shelter Newsletter ” for the fourth quarter, 1985, “ the Act provides for the the issuing of a “protec­ tive order’ for the abused individual, can award the victim temporary, immediate custody of minor children, and grants the abused individual use of the residence without having to file another lawsuit. ” In addition, “ the Act requires law enforcement officers to arrest an individual who knowingly vio­ lates the provisions of the protective order, and to arrest when an assualt has occured, even when there is no re­ straining order.” Currently, abusive men in Whatcom County are referred to the Anger Con­ trol Training program, which is run as a part of Whatcom County Crisis Services. This, with the efforts of organizations such as Womencare, still falls far short of the effort needed to finally end the cycles of domestic violence that are so deeply embedded in American society.

“Over the long-term, ” Taylor said, “ the changes that are needed to actu­ reflected on how effectively Women- line numbers were displayed, have ally stop violence against women care is meeting the needs of abused helped to stimulate a national trend require changes in societal attitudes women in the community, and how the toward awareness of the problem, too, ” about how people are supposed to act social environment in which domestic Taylor reflected. in intimate relationships. That involves violence occurs is changing. “Child abuse has been a big national changing the ideas of what it means to “Womencare provides shelter ser­ issue for several years now, and that is be a “real man’ or a “real woman,’ and vices to more than one hundred often connected with domestic vio­ changing attitudes toward violence women and usually twice as many lence. About half of the Shelter resi­ itself. . . Violence is generally accepted children every year. Certainly we don’t dents at any given time are children. in American society. Ifyou consider the serve all the battered women there are They have all witnessed, or at least popularity of films such as “Rambo’ and in Whatcom County. The Domestic Vio­ know about the violence in their home, ” “Rocky rv,’ those attitudes are getting lence Program at the Crisis Center also Taylor said. “ Also, about half of the worse. Combine that with the com­ provides counseling services to bat­ children have been neglected or abused monly acknowledged discrimination tered women. I’m sure together we still or both, by one or both of their parents against women at various levels of our reach only a minority of the women out at some time.” society, and you have some of the root there that need help. But I think it has NCADV statistics indicate that of the causes of domestic violence right there. gotten a lot better over the last few children who witness domestic vio­ Men and women are just playing these years, in terms of people knowing that lence, 60 percent of the boys eventually popular images and social inequalities shelter is an option—knowing that become batterers and 50 percent of the out on an intimate level. ” there are numbers they can call. girls become victims. Further estimates If you are a woman suffering from “Events such as “The Burning Bed,’ a are that 73 to 90 percent of male abusers battering, or know someone who is, call nationally televised film about battering were abused as children. “ Child abuse the Womencare Shelter at 734-3438, or during which local crisis and shelter and domestic violence are really con­ the Shelter’s business office at 671-8539.

V < MARCH 1986 13 FAIRJIAVEINCS NEW OLD LOOK^ by Gary Nevan

airhaven’s time has come.” Those words by developer Ken Imus describe But the grandiose plans didn’t stop at the Marketplace. ,^L. the current scene in the Fairhaven business dis­ Imus envisioned a covered skybridge connecting the Mar­ trict. In just fiveyearS; the picturesque south-side community ketplace building to the Waldron Building across 12th Street. has been transformed from a sleepy, historical district into a Underground tunnels would weave from building to build­ thriving business environment, attracting people to a variety ing, allowing visitors to shop protected from the rain. An of retail shops, restaurants and theaters. The man whose 800-seat theater and ice skating rink would presumably longtime dream has been to refurbish Fairhaven into a turn- entertain children while parents shopped. of-the-century shopper’s paradise finally may see his vision Not everyone, however, was thrilled with Imus’ redevel­ come to life. opment plans. Bellingham merchants questioned Imus’ busi­ Imus, a retired businessman from California, has had a ness sanity for undertaking such a costly project with no gnawing ambition since the early 1970s to renovate the guarantee of success. Also, grumbling arose from Market­ numerous brick buildings he owns in Fairhaven into an Old place tenants and other renters, unhappy over Imus’ unful­ World village market atmosphere, similar to Pioneer Square filled promise of full capacity and promotional assistance. in Seattle or the Gastown district in Vancouver, B.C. Imus also was having difficulty with the project contractor, Imus’ first acquisition, the Marketplace building at 12th Stu Heaton, who sued Imus in 1976 for breach of contract Street and Harris Avenue, quickly was renovated in 1973 to concerning the Marketplace addition: a proposed five-story, house a variety of retail shops, most specializing in crafts. The 50,000 square-foot brick structure that still stands half- Marketplace was adorned with expensive antiques Imus col­ finished, resembling the skeleton of a parking garage. lected from around the world, including a hand-blown cry­ Heaton’s action against Imus included charges of failure to stal chandelier from Italy. make payment, refusal to devote adequate attention to the

14 KLIPSUN design and construction phase of the work, failure to secure Servais said he believes Imus is responsible for much of the sufficient financing for completion of the work and failure to renewed interest in Fairhaven. “The restoration of the old fulfill numerous promises concerning the project that post office building, across from the Nickel Building, helped. caused the construction to proceed at an irregular and slow And it shows that Ken Imus is once again serious about pace. Imus followed with a countersuit charging Heaton expansion and commercial growJ^h, ” he remarked. with fraud. Servais also is convinced that the efforts and promotion by Imus and Heaton, close childhood friends, had worked the Old Fairhaven Association have had a lot to do with together on numerous business endeavors in the past, and Fairhaven’s growth. apparently felt an oral contract would suffice for the Fair- "The Association has been very active in various promo­ haven project. The men had no written, legal agreements tions, like the Fall F estival and Christmas at the Marketplace, ” with each other. Servais said. The retail space in the Marketplace was donated After reprimanding both men for not having a firmer by Imus. agreement and understanding, the judge in the case ruled in On a rainy Friday night, Imus worked inside the dusty favor of Heaton. confines of the partially renovated post office building. The court decision, coupled with a declining economy and ' I’ve been here since 5:30 this morning and only took a half growing discontent among his tenants, caused Imus to back hour break for dinner, ” Imus proudly proclaimed, glancing at away from the project and retreat to California to rethink his his watch. It was 10:15 p.m. goals. Wearing dirty overalls, leather work boots and a red base­ “After that I stayed away for about five years,” Imus said. “I ball cap, Imus hardly looked the part of a millionaire was fed up and lost my enthusiasm for the project. I said to developer. hell wrth it. I was receiving very little support for my plans,” “I’m having a great time, ” he said. “You can only play so he recalled. much golf And my wife told me to get out of the house, so John Hauter, owner of Fairhaven Bicycle Shop since 1971, here I am, ” he said laughingly. recalled that when he first located in Fairhaven, the area The Bellingham Fire Department considered the post basically was a run-down hang-out for members of the office building a fire hazard, not to mention an eyesore, and counter-culture. Imus was told to either clean it up or tear it down. “Back then, Fairhaven attracted young people with no “ This building was rotted out, ” Imus said, pointing to the money and lots of energy,” Hauter remembered. “Rents were floor, “ and the city informed me, rather forcefully, that I was cheap, $100 a month, and you could live in the Marketplace going to have to do something about it. Once I got involved in building—I did. Then Ken Imus came along wdth develop­ it. . . seeing all this activity around here has me really excited ment plans and people started to get concerned, ” he noted. again. Dozens of people told me to just bulldoze the damn A confrontation erupted between established counter­ thing down. culture groups, who liked Fairhaven's empty buildings with “ But I guess I’m a little hard-headed, and I said to myself, rustic shelter and low rents, and the wealthy semi-retired “I’m going to make this the cutest building in F'airhaven .” businessman with redevelopment plans. Imus has succeeded in making the building a beautiful A few of the young businesses managed to survive during model of 1890s architecture. Antique stained-glass doors and Fairhaven’s lean years. windows adorn the rear of the building, all collected by Imus Tom Oyen, owner of the Chimney Sweep, said he thinks on antique hunts around the world. An authentic wooden the reason so many Marketplace businesses failed was due to telephone booth from San FYancisco sits near the front of the a lack of business skills. building, awaiting installment. “Many of the people in the Marketplace were fine crafts­ When asked why F'airhaven seems to finally have blos­ people, but lousy businesspeople, ” Oyen remarked. “They somed after all these years, Imus remains silent for a few had little knowledge of how a business should be run, and moments. “ It’s amazing what is happening, ” he began. “ I’m ultimately paid the price. ” not absolutely sure I know why. It has evolved, due perhaps “Imus brought in people who were doomed to fail,” Oyen to Tony’s, the theaters, the restaurants. F'our years ago, this continued. “The rent was cheap, but with no elevator in the area was dead. Now I’m turning prospective businesses building and inadequate facilities, they dropped out one-by- away. I have no more ground-floor space left for retailers. ” one due to lack of business. ” Imus has plans for a two-story retail building to be con­ Fairhaven remained fairly dormant until the early 1980s, structed on the corner of Harris Avenue, next to the newly when a strong core of retail businesses was established. renovated building. He also is discussing with city engineers “Tony’s Coffee and the Village Bookstore generate a lot of the possibility of refurbishing the ground floor of the Waldron activity in Fairhaven, ” Hauter remarked. “Business thrives on Building. “ I’ve already dropped about $32,000 on brickwork business. It’s a spiral effect. ” alone on that building, ” Imus explained. “ I’d like to see some­ Hauter said he feels there is a willingness on the part of thing come of it. ” Imus to encourage new business. Looking out at the people milling about F'airhaven’s streets, Bill Servais, a local dentist and president of the Old Fair­ Imus remarked, “I stayed away for five years, layed low for a- haven Association, agreed. while. I was disillusioned. Now I’m back, and I’m very enthu­ “Fairhaven’s commercial district is certainly on the rise—no siastic about F'airhaven’s future. F'airhaven is a nighttime question about it, ” he said. “There’s a tremendous difference place. The momentum is here.” between 1975 and now.”

MARCH 1986 15 » «W ^ ^ OA^W

I Mark Twain stayed at the Fairhaven Hotel in 1895; I while on a lecture tour. The hotel, formerly on the I northeast corner of I2th and Harris, was torn down I in 1955.

I I

Almost a century before it housed the Video Depot, a bank and post office occupied the Nelson Building around the turn of the century. I

16 KLIPSUN was being cleared and settled in 1910. A mud-luscious Harris Avenue in 1890. The brick building in the center is Tony's Coffee today. N I V I U H H n i V H J

Building in Fairhaven houses small businesses,

WLL ion to the Marketplace Building was never com- /suit erupted between the owner and the building

2:

The Waldron Building, at 12th Street and M cKenzie, stands today as only a shell of its former self.

MARCH 1986 17 V k Champion Wifh Cnipi^y

by P, Floyd

arate is "kara” (empty) and "te’’ (hand). It is self- defense without a weapon other than the self. ^ ^ The Washington Karate Association’s school in Bellingham is not hard to find. Trophies line the full-length windows at 109 Prospect St., next to the Whatcom Museum of History and Art. Inside, more of them meet the eye. Medals of all sizes, shapes and colors hang on the walls, and the shelves are laden with trophies of silver and gold. The dojo, or place of study, sounds hollow as you walk in. It echoes with the commanding voice of the sensei (instructor), the swishing of gis (garments) and the kia (shouting) of the students as they practice. The students whom sensei Charles Wixson is training range in age from 10 to 45. The men and women, locked in eye-to-eye contact with their partners, follow each other back and forth across the wood floor, learning to block, to punch, to kick. Everyone looks a bit damp from a combination of sweat and the rain outside. The windows are steamy, and bamboo shades inside screen the rows of trophies in the windows. A petite (5 feet, 110 pounds), pretty woman with short, brown hair and brilliant brown eyes works out with swift punches and kicks. When she punches, with her fists closed tightly, her arms extend speedily and stop abruptly in a straight perpendicular line from her body. She performs a kata (routine) that is similar to a dance. She jumps and turns in the air, her feet hit the floor simultaneously with a com­ manding stomp. This woman is Kim Friedl, a gold-medal World Cup karate champion. Karate is an amateur sport. In 1988, it will become part of the Olympics. But for now, the World Cup is the highest competitors can go. To get to the World Cup, Friedl went through a series of competitions. First she had to place in Washington State, then regionals, consisting of all states west of Mississippi. She had to qualify as one of the top four

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made it fun. ” His effect on Wixson is obvious. Although Wixson was born Friedl said that karate helped form her personality. She and raised in the Pacific Northwest, he has a Hungarian explained that "90 percent of karate is mind. It’s like a mind accent that is, he confessed without hesitation, from his game. You pick up the way they move, their rhythm." former trainer. Wixson said he tells almost no one that he’s a karate Sensei Wixson was a gold-medal winner at the 1980 World instructor. Some of his best friends don’t know. Friedl and Cup in Osaka, Japan. He won nine world and five national Wixson agree; one’s frame of mind is a very important part of titles before deciding he’d quit competing and concentrate karate. on training. He recently added up the number of classes he’s Wixson mentioned that Friedl is the best because "to be the taught since then, and came up with about 10,000. "It sure best you have to have everything going for you, and Kim does. beats working! ” he remarked with a chuckle. She has the natural skill and dedication of an excellent ath­ Wixson teaches his students as equals. If a girl asks why she lete. She also has excellent instruction—the greatest, ” he has to practice with a boy, he asks her which sex she plans on modestly announced. having to protect herself from. He said they never have Wixson was trained by Julius Thiry, who is president of the wanted protection against another female. Washington Karate Association, the national coach for the Friedl asserts that if men feel differently about her when USAKF and an international referee. Friedl now trains under they find out her karate expertise, she immediately decides Thiry in Bellevue. She calls him "shihan, ” which means they are not her type. "They wouldn’t know anything about it instructor of instructors. Thiry is a sixth-degree black belt if they felt that way! ” she exclaimed. She affirmed that her (there are eight degrees) and is well-known world-wdde as a career is karate, and, although it is not her full-time job, she trainer. enjoys teaching it. She teaches a kata class and helps out in Thiry is Hungarian and one of the highest-ranking Cauca­ the Bellevue-area karate schools, but doesn’t plan to teach sian shihans in the world. He is a very important role model full-time for awhile. She exclaimed, "I’ve still got at least 10 for both Friedl and Wixson. "Everything I’ve done, I owe to years left in me to compete! ” O him," Friedl admits. "I couldn’t have done it without him. ”

20 KLIPSUN Roaming To The HEART OF THE HIGHLANDS by Therese McRae

he sinuous highland road Eilean Donan castle is named for the the lapping sea on the fourth. made another bend, and sud­ island on which it stands. “Eilean” My name is McRae. My great-great- denly the castle appeared- means “island” in Gaelic, and St. Donan great grandfather, when he came to the Tsquat and massive, crouching on wasits the religious hermit who lived United States, dropped the first “a, ” miniature island in northern Scotland. there during the period that Christian­ thinking the name sounded more It vv^as a fortress, and it looked like one— ity was introduced to the Hebrides American without it. I had come from harsh lines and sharp angles; no grace­ Islands, off the Scottish coast. London to see the castle with the vague ful turrets or lofty spires. Small, but For more than 500 years, the castle notion of finding my roots. formidably built, it had proven itself has been the stronghold of the MacRae In the village of Dornie, a neat cluster nearly impregnable over its 750-year clan. Kintail, the region in Scotland’s of whitewashed buildings a quarter history. The keep thrust itself into the northwest highlands where the castle is mile from the island, a sign in the win­ air like a clenched fist. The time- located, has been home to the MacRaes dow of a wood-frame house read: “Mira darkened stonewalls seemed to absorb for centuries, surrounded by colorful, House—Bed and Breakfast. ” the light. treeless mountains on three sides and My knock was answered by a very

MARCH 1986 21 short and stout woman in a cotton cloud cover had blovvoi in from the sea. I Maggie introduced me to everyone who housedress. Hergray hair was gathered walked around the fortress, but the only came through the door. into a bun. Her dark eyes regarded me other entrance was tightly locked. A “This is Therese McRae, from frankly and with a touch of suspicion. turn of the cumbersome iron ring America. ” On the way up, I had entertained a few yielded nothing but more frustration. “Och, a MacRae. ” misgivings about “clannish” highland­ Back in the village, I went to a cafe a “Come to see the castle, have you? ” ers, and I was a trifle nervous. few paces up the road from Mira House. “We get MacRaes from all over the The woman’s name was Mrs. Gray. It was one cosy room, wdth bookshelves world up here. ” She charged seven pounds (about ten lining one wall, a picture window that The pub was full that night, dollars) a night. She showed me to a tiny looked out on the road and Bob Dylan explained Maggie, because a wedding room, half taken up by a single bed with playing on the stereo. had taken place in the next village and a three-inch thick goose dovm quilt, the The proprietor brought minestrone the dance was to be held in Dornie. other occupied by a wardrobe. A win­ soup, a piece of bread and a cup of Would I like to go? dow looked out on the sea, part of the cappuccino, rich and foaming with “I’d love to, but I didn’t bring any­ village and the mountains, but the cas­ milk. thing fancier than the clothes I’m wear­ tle was hidden by a thick stand of trees. His name was Patrick. He was about ing, ” I said. 1 unpacked, and went over for a 40, amply built, with a thick, gray beard, “Oh, I’ve got plenty of things you closer look. pleasant blue eyes and a soft voice. He could wear. ” She looked me over. A ninety-foot causeway of grey stone didn’t show surprise at my presence, “You’re about my size. Come back to the joined the island to the shore. A pair of nor did his girlfriend, Maggie, when she cottage and we ll get you fixed up.” iron gates, open as if in welcome, were came in a few minutes later. She was The cottage—a two-story, white­ set in the columns at the causeway’s about Patrick’s age, a dark-haired washed stone structure—was a three end, and in the center of the gates was woman with hazel eyes and a low, mile drive from Dornie. Two thick the MacRae crest, a metal plaque bear­ husky voice. blankets hung over the inside of the ing a lion beneath by two stars. Within a few minutes I found myself front door to keep in the heat, which Eilean Donan is situated at the junc­ telling them the reason for my visit. was supplied by a monstrous wood tion of three salt lochs—Loch Duich, Maggie turned to Patrick. “I’ll bet Mrs. stove in the kitchen. The kitchen was the Loch Alsh and Loch Long—a strategic Kennedy would take her through. Don’t warmest room in the house and the position which allowed the occupants you, Patrick? ” center of activity for Patrick, Maggie and of the fortress to control all sea traffic in “Sure, I don’t see why not, ” he rep­ her 13-year-old son, Solomon. and out of the lochs. Except for the road lied, adding “if she likes your face.” I In the comfortably cluttered bed­ and the toy-like village, terrain and for­ resolved to do everything in my power room, Maggie handed me a white tress look much the same as they must to make my face as likeable as possible, blouse, a black velvet blazer, high- have when the castle was built. though I had no idea what that might heeled black boots and a floor-length The tide was out and the castle quiet. involve. tartan skirt with a heavy pin fastened The only sign of life in the area was the Maggie suggested it would be a better near the hem. The pin, she explained, villagers who crouched on the rocks in idea to go tomorrow. It was beginning was not to fasten the skirt shut, but the shadow of the fortress, picking to get dark. rather to weight it and keep it from snails off the wet stones and putting A couple of hours later, in the pub of flapping open. She was pleased with them in buckets. the Dornie Hotel, I asked for a diy cider. the result. “Go show Patrick, ” she said, I crossed the causeway and walked The girl at the bar reached behind her and I went down the steep, narrow around the castle. At the foot of the and produced a bottle of Woodpecker staircase and into the dark kitchen keep, a cannon rested, facing the village. and a glass. When I took out my wallet, where Patrick sat reading. Sparse tufts of grass surrounded it. The she said, “It’s already been paid for. ” “You look great, ” he said, smiling. entire castle looked as if, instead of hav­ I looked around the laughing, chat­ Maggie called, “I don’t know what to ing been built, it had grown out of the tering group that crowded the room, wear! ” island from a seed of granite. but no one owned up. Since I had Unconcerned, Patrick replied, Above the massive wooden door, the arrived, the hospitality had been such “You’ve got plenty of nice things. ” iron teeth of a raised portcullis could be that I had only paid for a single round. “Patrick, this is serious!” seen. A doorbell had been installed and, The evening had started with coffee and Eventually, Maggie settled on a white next to the great portal, it looked naked whisky—excellent Scotch whiskey, as jumpsuit and we went to the dance. and incongruously modern. I rang and smooth as cream and cheaper than The large hall was brightly lit and waited. No answer. After another push beer. The cider had come then—tart, crowded. A band (no bagpipes, but two on the bell brought no response, I sweet and immensely refreshing, even accordions) was playing and a foot- began to feel the situation was hope­ when served unchilled. stomping reel was in progress. The less. I had traveled all the way from The pub was a small room, not more bride and groom danced in the center London only to be repulsed at the door than 10 feet square, filled with a huge of a clapping group, she in a white gown like some ancient invader. The castle wooden bar, lively conversation and and he in a kilt. was closed for the season. smiling faces. A fireplace blazed in the Maggie said “that’s a MacRae up The walls towered above me. A dense corner. Some of the men wore kilts. there with the guitar, ” pointing to a

22 KLIPSUN iiiii mil mil iini BU imi yiu mi mit yiy iih mii mii mirniiL iiiii iiiii mu mn iia mii lun-TriiiriBr

rinii mil iiiii mu iim iiiii nm im iiiii iiiii iiiii iiiii-iniT nii; nw iiii mu yiii hiii mr-imr iwmimmy/ DA\'A MOORE

MARCH 1986 23 husky; dark-haired fellow with an old middle of the song ("Okay, now go to sausages and ham. acoustic. "And that’s one behind the Willie! Good! Now go to John! ”) and I met Mrs. Kennedy two hours later. bar." The MacRae behind the ban decided it was enough. It was getting She was a tiny, frail woman, with spun- another dark-haired lad, set up another late, and I’d been imbibing good cheer sugar white hair and nearsighted round. for roughly six hours. brown eyes behind thick-lensed, wire­ We drank, talked, drank some more The walk to Mrs. Gray’s involved frame glasses. She had been caretaker and listened to the band. Maggie drifted crossing an unlighted bridge, mainly by to the castle for years, looking after it off. Patrick bought another round. the sense of touch and the reassuring when the present constable, John "You’re incredibly lucky to live here, ” I side of the bridge. I stood in her tiny MacRae, wasn’t in residence. In the said to him. "I’d love to be able to stay. ” backyard, which faced the sea, and lis­ summer months, she led tours through "Why don’t you? ” he asked. tened to the wind howl across the it. "Oh . . . it’s impossible ... at the lochs. Maggie’s kilt flapped wdldly about My face must have passed the test, for moment. ” me. The castle was a dark silhouette she agreed to take me into the castle. Patrick sipped thoughtfully at his hunched on its island. She came across the causeway to meet beer. "No—you’d be surprised at how I turned and went inside. The house me, a ring of keys jingling at her belt. simple it really is. You just stay. ” was unlocked—people in Dornie didn’t She motioned up at the portcullis, I took another pull of cider and con­ bolt their doors. I slept soundly beneath telling me it was the last of its kind in sidered the prospect of staying—really the goose-down quilt. Scotland. Above the door, a Gaelic staying, simply not getting on the bus Breakfast was served at 8:30 the next inscription had been carved into the when it came back through Dornie. The morning. In the dining room, the table stone, and Mrs. Kennedy translated: idea was tempting. Too tempting. It was was set for one. There were three kinds "As long as there is a MacRae inside time to put the brakes on the cider of cereal, a pitcher of milk so thick it was There will never be a Fraser outside. ” consumption. more like cream, jam, marmalade, a The inscription symbolized the I danced one reel with a young man basket of toast and a pot of tea. Mrs. friendship of the MacRae and Fraser who wound up giving me a lesson in the Gray appeared with a plate of eggs. clans, who had followed the ancient

24 KLIPSUN custom of exchanging children among Eilean Donan castle in 1509, approxi­ and was surprised at how little ^ it themselves; the children would be mately 300 years after it was built. weighed. raised; then sent back to their families The MacRaes remained in the castle I had lost track of time. We had been when they were adults. This practice until 1719, when three English ships in the castle for nearly an hour, and cemented good relations between the attacked and, through superior fire­ now the light that passed through the clans, and sometimes wdthin the clans, power, devastated the castle. A cache of leaded glass panes was weaker, bring­ when the chief would turn over a child gunpowder stored inside was ignited ing on the long highland night. to one of his people to bring up. by a blast from one of the ships, and the As we left, Mrs. Kennedy paused Mrs. Kennedy produced a key from fortress was blown into ruins. before a door just inside the main the cluster, opened the door and ges­ For two hundred years, Mrs. Kennedy entrance. She pulled out the keys agaiq. tured for me to precede her. said, the remains of the castle lay ne­ We went into a tiny room, about five feet The courtyard had several levels. glected on the island. Then, in the early by three feet, almost completely filled Grass, nearly as plentiful as stone, twentieth century, it was restored. In by a wooden table and a desk. Its distin­ sprouted from every crack. his sleep, Farquhar MacRae saw a vision guishing feature was the narrow slit in Up a small flight of stairs, then down of Eilean Donan rebuilt to its former one wall, which enabled the occupants two steps, was a broad platform that magnificence, and, with the aid of Lt. of the room to see whoever was outside commanded an excellent view of Loch Col. John MacRae-Gilstrap, the dream the portcullis. Duich. This, probably, was where the was made reality. From 1912 to 1932, the The ring of keys came out for the last cannon had stood. The courtyard was castle was reconstructed, exactly as it time, and the castle was locked up open to the sky except for an area a bit had been, at a cost of 250,000 pounds. again. to the right of the platform—covered, Today, the grandson of John MacRae- It was nearly dark. The bus would but with small openings—and facing Loch Gilstrap is the constable, and lives at the arrive in another hour. Maggie had gone Long and Loch Alsh. Perhaps the castle part of each year. Mrs. Kennedy to a neighboring village on an errand, defenders had paused to reload weap­ speaks of him with affection. As she but Patrick was in the cafe. He brought ons here. talked, we climbed a short, twisting me some minestrone soup and a ham To reach the keep, I had to cross the flight of stairs and came into the Ban­ sandwich, and more of the good courtyard and climb a flight of stairs. queting Hall. These two rooms are the cappuccino. Here the plan of the fortress became only ones open to the public, she In the past couple days, I had run up apparent: should the outer walls fall, explained, because getting a group of quite a bill on these items, especially the defenders could withdraw into the people through the entire structure the coffee, because neither Maggie nor keep. would 'simply be too big of an Patrick ever seemed to have time to Inside, Mrs. Kennedy flipped a undertaking. ” manage the cash register when I tried to switch, and the Billeting Room was The Banqueting Hall was larger than pay them. Now, when I tried to reim­ illuminated. A barrel-vault ceiling, two- the Billeting Room and much more burse Patrick for the tab, he shook his and-a-half feet thick; walls fourteen feet sumptuous. The ceiling was of heavy head and refused. Instead of taking my thick, terminating in slitted, leaded oak timbers, and from its center hung a five pounds, he gave me a paper sack glass windows; and in the center of this circular iron chandelier, directly over containing two more ham sandwiches room where officers had gathered, a the table. The table was big enough for a and an orange soda. “ In case you get highly polished Chippendale gaming man to lie down on, and polished to a hungry on the bus, ” he said. table, surrounded by seven matching water-like sheen. Ten handsome Wind­ He walked with me out to the stop. A chairs. Portraits lined the walls and sor chairs surrounded it. The floor, also, cold wind had sprung up and the sky, there was more fine furniture, some of it was of oak. mostly black, was streaked with dark draped with the ancient MacRae tar­ More MacRae portraits lined the blue. It looked as though it would rain. tans in their subdued burgundies and walls, including one of John MacRae- The bus pulled up. I grasped Patrick’s blues. Gilstrap, the builder, an imposing man hand, and as I got on the bus, he leaned In one alcove, a painting leaned in a kilt, wdth a thick mustache and a around me to say to the driver, “ Take against the wall: MacRaes, dressed in sober expression. care of her. ” The doors closed. belted tartans, dancing on the castle’s Mrs. Kennedy walked over to a corner As the bus pulled away, it began to lead roof before leaving to fight at the in which stood a glass-fronted case. rain in earnest. The driver nodded his battle of Sherrifmuir. It was an ill-fated Inside were several relics of Bonnie head in time to the polka music that battle for the clan, which suffered heavy Prince Charlie including a lock of his played on the tape deck, and I leaned losses and, it is said, left behind fifty hair and a letter from him to the clan against the window. Eilean Donan dis­ widows in Kintail. chiefs, asking their support when he appeared, a dark fist on its island, arid The castle itself, Mrs. Kennedy said, raised his standard at Glenfinnan. the bus turned the corner into the had actually been built by the powerful On the floor lay several swords, taken night.O MacKenzie clan, of which the MacRaes from above one of the doors. “Can I lift were vassals. So faithful was their one? ” I asked. service—they were known as the “Yes, ” she said, “ butyou may getyour ‘MacKenzies’ Coat of Mail”—that the hands a bit messy. ” The swords had MacKenzies made them constables of been greased. I took one up anyway.

MARCH 1986 25 WHEN STUDENTS ARE RIGHT CAN PROFESSORS BE LEFT?

DANA MOORE The Siege on Freedom in Academia by Jeff Braimes

A stunning young maiden or a be­ simply, is the freedom for accredited wide are up-in-arms currently in a self­ draggled hag wdth a nose like a boot. individuals to profess knowledge in defensive measure against what they They share the same drawing, but can­ their area of expertise wdthout fear of portray as attacks on their academic not be seen simultaneously because reprisal or censorship. This definition freedom. The assertive body is a group one’s jaw is the other’s lip. It’s a mind generally is accepted by members of the that claims to be acting in the name of trick; an illusion of sorts, and experts national academic community, but the very same academic freedom. say which one you recognize has a lot to remains controversial. The group is called Accuracy in do with your personality, your What exactly is reprisal? What consti­ Academia, Inc. Although the organiza­ character. tutes censorship? Do they imply the fir­ tion was incorporated in 1984, it didn’t A different angle, a different perspec­ ing of unorthodox professors, the actually get rolling until last year. The tive. A simple lack of oneness of thought forced re-design of their curriculum or tremendous media waves, however, that inevitably leads to twoness. How­ the public condemnation of those who generated since mid-1985 have more ever, all issues are not illusory, nor are refuse to conform? These are the ambi­ than amply compensated for its slow they simple. Abortion and nuclear war guities that obscure a cut-and-dried start. are not simple issues. Neither is the picture of the situation and prevent a ‘AIA is seeking to heighten aware­ issue of academic freedom. clear forum for debate. ness on college campuses of factual Academic freedom, stated quite Certain targeted professors nation­ accuracy, ” AIA chairman and founder

26 KLIPSUN Reed Irvine said in a telephone inter­ run diametrically opposed to the course, also at ASU) and four concern­ view from his Washington, D.C. office. procedures and philosophies stressed ing Marxism. This "heavy dose of Marx ” "We are searching for simple honesty." by Irvine as being the foundation of his is indicative of AIA’s general attitude Whereas the pursuit of simple organization. As a new and privately concerning Marxism and the potential honesty is not something that would be funded body wdth only one full-time threat it poses to American free enter­ expected to raise voices in the hallowed employee, AIA has no capacity to prise. The threat of world socialism is halls of academia, a portion of the actively chase down professors spew­ an overriding concern of AIA, and Irvine American professoriate objects strongly ing "inaccuracies" in America’s class­ is upfront about his attitude. and loudly to AIA. The range of the rooms. Instead, it relies on sympathetic "Marxism has brought more misery to complaints is wide, and includes every­ and conscientious students to report mankind than perhaps any other mod­ thing from "fascist spying" to "Nazi-like professors whose practices attract AIA ern body of ideas, ” he said, quoting suppression of ideas." The most com­ persecution. Joseph Ebstein, editor of American mon objection, however, is something "AIA is a journalistic enterprise," Scholar. "I deplore Marxist and Leninist much more fundamental: what gives Irvine said. "It depends on student par­ ideas. ” them the right to criticize me, anyway? ticipation. We’ve received hundreds of For some people, this bias against What about my academic freedom? letters from students wanting to help; what is recognized academically as a "There are university procedures to and when we are organized, we will legitimate economic system for study govern student complaints of profes­ contact them. ” leaves AIA with little credibility as an sors," said Arizona State University po­ Organized or not, Irvine and AIA have accuracy-enforcing organization. litical science professor Mark Reader reacted to some letters, like those com­ Western philosophy, professor Hugh in a phone interview from his Tempe plaining about Reader. Upon receiving Fleetwood is a member of the Associa­ office. "The classroom is the place to air such particularly urgent correspon­ tion of American University Professors disagreements with a professor—on dence, AIA vrill contact the professor (AAUP) executive committee, and said the spot." to discuss the "problem. ” If the pro­ he sees AIA’s red dread as "a fantasy. ” Reader easily could be the most zeal­ fessor recognizes his "errors, ” and "I don’t know how many Marxists ous of the AIA busters, probably seems prone to academic repentance, there are around, ” he said, "but if there because he has been one of its most the matter is dropped. Otherwise, AIA are 10,000 (a figure published by The popular targets. In October, Reader was "goes public ” with the issue, which Campus Report as the number of Marx­ contacted by AIA regarding his "Politi­ might include publication in The Cam­ ists preaching socialist values in the cal Ideologies" course in which, AIA pus Report. American education system) then cer­ later reported, he devoted an "excessive However, Irvine and company have tainly there are hundreds of thousands amount of time to his crusade to bring not been met with the hero’s welcome who are not. I don’t see it as a great down the curtain on the nuclear age." they may have expected as Bringers of threat. ” Reader was featured in a set of articles Truth. In fact, AIA has been knocked by Across campus, in his spacious Old in the AIA newsletter, The Campus a wdde variety of critics, from the New Main office. Western President G. Report. York Times to Secretary of Education Robert Ross nodded in agreement with "Quite certainly," Reader said, "the William Bennett. Fleetwood. threat of nuclear extinction affects po­ "Its focus on individual professors "The university setting should play litical thinking. The capacity to destroy will, I believe, divert attention from the host to all kinds of views and ideolo­ humankind is a political reality." real problem, ’ ’ Bennett said in a letter to gies, ” Ross said. "A variety enriches However, Reader was far more con­ Irvine, which was published in The educational enterprise. All views cerned with the broader implications of Campus Report. "I continue to think it’s should be, and are, discussed, and I AIA’s interest in him than actually (AIA) a bad idea." have a strong commitment to that. ” debating how much time should be What Bennett might have meant by Ross said he doesn’t know how many devoted to nuclear war in a political the "real problem" was not clear in the Marxists are teaching at Western, but ideologies course. Reader was con­ context of the letter. What is clear, how­ said he feels no threat of their influence cerned that his academic freedom was ever, is that "accuracy" and "simple here. in jeopardy. honesty ” are not the only objectives of "There are people in all facets of "They infiltrated my class," he com­ AIA. Never has there been any mention society who teach and preach plained. "Analytically speaking, AIA is that Reader was relaying false informa­ Marxism—lawyers, teachers . . . Some mounting a fascist attack. Their tactics tion to his students; it simply was the people feel threatened by this, but I replicate fascist methods—it’s really an wrong right information. What AIA was, don’t. ” act of terror. The trust is broken and and still is, concerned about is equal Irvine disagreed with Ross. "Marxist jeopardized by AIA’s kind of actions. time. And equal time equals content, ideas are being crammed down the The faculty doesn’t feel free to speak, which is a far deeper, more dangerous throats of America’s college students by students don’t feel free to ask. ” He and loaded issue. professors who are detached from paused. "Accuracy in Academia is a In the same issue of The Campus modern realities," he said. threat to students, faculty and the Report as Reader’s public literary flog­ Fleetwood gives students more credit entire academic enterprise. ” ging were two stories about porno­ than Irvine does. Reader’s accusations directed at AIA graphy (one in a human sexuality "I don’t see it (Marxism) as a danger, ”

MARCH 1986 27 DANA MOORE Fleetwood said. "My impression is that The backbone of the Spectator philos­ Locke agreed with Barash. students are intelligent enough and ophy of academic freedom is the "This is the same kind of nonsense have the ability to recognize and ques­ responsibility portion of any “right. ” we had in the McCarthy era, typified by tion the views they hear from " Freedoms have attached duties, ” the gross exaggeration of facts. Beyond professors.” West said. " Academic freedom implies that, it is a notoriously disgraceful But whether AIA is justified, or per­ a duty. Professors are in a situation of attempt to raise a specter that is not haps even right in its methods and guidance. We don’t care if the professor veiy real in American academia, ” Locke intentions is of no consequence when voices his own opinion, as long as he said. considering the potential popularity of presents the opposing views. Students He also agreed with Barash that right its type of movement. With the political, have a right to study different areas and currently is accepted as right—that economic and social environments in make up their own minds. ” conservatism is the trend. " An abso­ the United States currently engaged in a One recent attack by the Spectator lutely disgusting one, ” he added. gradual side-step shuffle to the right, against a reportedly one-sided forum Back in Arizona, Reader also agreed academia has followed. was made against UW professor Cherry with Barash. "AIA claimed I didn’t teach One example ofan AIA-like phenome­ Johnson. She teaches a women studies my class as described in the catalog, ’ ’ he non is an independent newspaper, course in Lesbianism, which the Spec­ said. "I say “bullshit! ” called the Washington Spectator, pub­ tator tagged as "a social hour where Reader accused AIA of other inaccu­ lished at the University of Washington. those of like mind can meet, have their racies, among them insinuating in the On a journalistic plane far above The consciences stroked by being told that December issue of The Campus Report Campus Report, which is produced by they are indeed normal, and possibly that he had, as the bold headline the only three AIA staff members and exchange phone numbers. ” boasted, “ cleaned his act.” edited by Irvine, the Spectator is graph­ Another target is psychology profes­ “ These people need victims, ” he said ically pleasing and well-written. It is sor David Barash. He teaches a course indignantly. ““They’re trying also slanted and reactionary. The paper called "Psycho-Social Aspects of to intimidate people. They expect vic­ covers such aspects of campus and Nuclear War, ” which has been the sub­ tims to lay down and die, but I have national news as conservative politics, ject of the sustained wrath of the Spec­ intentions to do neither. ” Christianity and condemnations of cer­ tator. Also within the “ mended ways” arti­ tain UW professors in its articles and " I’m fairly outspoken about my views cle was the claim that Reader had “ even editorials, often presenting a sarcastic, and the course, ” Barash said from begun wearing a suit to class. ” if entertaining, picture. behind his desk in his UW office. “I “ I don’t own a suit, ” he responded The Spectator runs ideologically con­ instruct from an admittedly peace- flatly. trary to " underground” publication movement perspective. I’m sympa­ But whether Reader owns or wears a principles, which usually are those of thetic to opposing views, but don’t suit is of little consequence when con­ extreme radicals undermining a con­ devote equal time to them. sidering the larger, galvanized issue of servative establishment. In the UWs "I’ve been clear about it from the academic freedom. Irvine presented his case, however, the established univer­ start, ” he continued. Barash has been side. sity press, the UW Daily, is much closer through the standard; lengthy process “Our biggest enemy, ” he said, coral- to that traditional underground of three curricular review boards for ling his views, “ is ignorance. Professors definition. approval of his class. The course is in its are expressing great concern—great Spectator Editor John West said " the third year, with 125 students enrolled. alarm—that their academic freedom is Daily doesn't take itself seriously Last year he had 85 students, the year in jeopardy of being wiped out. This is enough, ” and labelled its unprofes­ before there was 35. ridiculous. Anyone who is doing a con­ sional style of journalism " childish. ” So, the question becomes one of edu­ scientious job teaching students and "Our goals, ” he said of the Spectator, cational priorities. The Spectator, relaying information should have " are to provide a forum for the conser­ representing the concerned conserva­ nothing to fear. ” vative viewpoint on campus, and to fos­ tives, is politely demanding equal time Reader disagreed. Fascism in Europe, ter debate on campus other than a and fairness. Barash, as ambassador to he explained, began with a tax on edu­ screaming match. ” the reluctant left, is saying no, that cation, and look where it ended up. At least one area in which the Specta­ accurate, if unbalanced, information Reader and friends want to nip the AIA tor differs from AIA is in its declared and popularity of the class will simply truth squad in the bud, with legislation objectives. Whereas AIA indicates accu­ have to do. if possible. racy, the Spectator admits to a desire, " It (the Spectator) is indicative of a He has complained to the AAUP in indeed a demand, for equal time. national trend of lack of respect for aca­ the form of a 150-page report about AIA, " Professors must be encouraged to demic freedom—a right-wing trend but has received little satisfaction. present a variety of information, ” West toward the suppression of education Reader disagrees with the AAUP’s naive said in a phone interview from his taking its cue directly from the White attitude about the organization which home in Auburn. " They have a duty to House, ” Barash said. "It’s an intellectual he also has labelled “ totalitarian, ” " vigi­ make sure students know the facts, straight jacket. ” lante ” and “ gestapo. ” even if they don’t necessarily coincide In the UW public affairs office. Dean " AIA may be my Hitler, ” Reader said, with their viewpoints." of Graduate Public Affairs Hubert G. " but I’m not AIA’s Jew. ” O

MARCH 1986 29 THE HYPE STUFF A counter-reaction to the tragedy of the space shuttle Challenger

EDITOR’S NOTE by Mark Connolly

On Tuesday morning; January 28, against a brilliant blue, AND HIGH-SCHOOL TEACHER ARE KILLED 74 SECONDS Florida sky, at the end of a ten-mile fuse of white exhaust, AFTER LIFTOFF. ” USA TODAY splashed First Lady Nancy 385,000 gallons of liquid hydrogen and 140,000 gallons of Reagan’s dramatic remark: “ OH, MY GOD, NO! ” across its liquid oxygen ignited, blinked a quick, terrible orange, and graphic front page. Sensational! And before long, of course, vaporized the $1.2 billion space shuttle. Challenger, and America’s two weekly fiction magazines—Time and seven U.S. astronauts in a swollen plume that reached toward Newsweek—ran the exciting, full-color photo of the fatal heaven but floated tragically short. explosion on their covers. Big Deal. Western’s Viking Union TV lounge was full just before noon. For days, I was troubled far more by the public and press At Cape Canaveral, the ranks of800 journalists assigned to the reactions than by the Challenger’s fate. Why, after all, was launch were swelling to 1,200, and all three major TV net­ everyone so shocked when one of the spacecraft Tom Wolfe, works had picked up the broadcast from CNN, preempting author of “ The Right Stuff*, ” calls, “enormous tubular bombs soap operas and game shows—the ordinary weekday . . . gorged with several of the most explosive materials this excitement that draws students to the lounge. side of nuclear fission,” finally blows up? I walked in on a disaster in the making. The first TV image: a The public response to the space shuttle disaster seems spectacular color replay of the fatal explosion—a single two- characteristic of two maladies of the modern American mind. minute clip that was to form the bizarre core of five wander­ The first is an almost divine faith that nods uncritically to the ing, uninterrupted hours of disturbing national TV coverage. mythical benificence of high technology in our daily lives. Next, ABC cut to Europe, where correspondents inter­ Epitomized in the space program, NASA’s frequent and recy­ viewed people on the streets of London for their reaction to clable space shuttle has worked in part as a public relations the disaster, and foreign studio anchors analyzed the shuttle promo to make the dangerous and intricate seem casual and tragedy and broadcast statements of mourning from around the perhaps misleadingly successful. The attitude was personi­ world. The coverage went on . . . and on. As I knelt on the fied for us in a 37-year-old New Hampshire schoolteacher, carpet in the shadows, the deaths of seven Americans in the who won the national contest to fly on Challenger, volun­ early sky over Florida was becoming Big News before my eyes. teered to risk her life and lost it. Our innocence shaken in a Cut—Washington, D.C., and reports on Congressional horrendous fireball, we’ve been left as a national body stand­ resolutions and a recess honoring the newly dead. Cut— ing dumbfounded like the emporer who finally discovered he President Reagan was postponing the evening’s State of the had no clothes. Union address. Cut—Los Angeles for further analysis: Had The future of our faith in space technology in particular NASA been pushing the shuttle program too fast for safety to will be tested on issues such as President Reagan’s fantasy advance American militarization and commercialization of defense, Star Wars. Will we any longer risk ours lives and the space? Cut—tasteless replay of the two-minute explosion civilization our children might inherit on the true belief that clip. Cut— . . . lasers orbiting the Earth can shoot incoming Soviet missiles In the nervous, hushed awe among my peers, I joined the out of the sky? watching of the screen—dazed and confused at the TV spec­ The second cloud that appears hanging in the American tacle. Beyond the initial compassion after hearing of the news mind after the disintegration of Challenger is the discrimi­ of seven lost lives, I felt no special grief ‘What—JESUS!!—is all nating power that we surrender to the media to decide for us this HYPE?! ” which of our global problems are worthy of attention—and Replay—another two agonizing minutes, this time watch­ when. ing the tearing, joyful faces of Christa McAuliffe’s parents While planetary crises gnaw away every commercial min­ standing in the clear morning, amid the Cape Canaveral ute of every day at the natural world and the human family, in crowd, faces raised to watch the first 72 seconds of their the forms of nuclear and toxic waste production and dis­ daughter’s ascent into history. Just before the explosion, posal, acid rain, famine and more—most of us don’t consider before tears poured in horror—BLIP—lost picture. ABC these problems until they materialize with Super-Bowl anchor Peter Jennings humanely commented, “We lost that extravagance on the evening news. Three Mile Island, Bhopal, last part. Just as well. We didn’t need to see that anyway.” Love Canal, Ethiopia . . . Amen. To what extent did the media make Challenger’s detona­ The next morning. The New York Times abandoned its tion a disaster worthy of the international outpouring of grief traditional broken headline style for a single, bold five- that followed? For it was the technological power of the column front page head: “THE SHUTTLE EXPLODES: 6 CREW media to unite the world around the image of instantaneous

30 KLIPSUN loss that brought global tears. cycles we are bound to on our own humble, vibrant planet. Its most sadly ironic result emerged from all the national Indeed, it may be painfully foolish to think otherwise. hype-hype-hooray that presented Christa McAuliffe as a Perhaps the metaphor of the Challenger will live with these model for American schoolchildren. The commonly mind­ children as they mature into responsible, thinking adults. less technological medium that millions of children invited And, from the phoenix of the Challenger’s ashes, will rise a into their very classrooms to help them celebrate the rise of generation respectful of the limits of science and technology, the American schoolteacher turned on them like a pet pit bull who will explore their own inner spiritual solutions to the as national TV etched a violent image of her mortality indeli­ challenges of living here on Earth, having risked too much bly on their young minds. A new generation has learned a false hope in their parents’ searching for solutions in the tough lesson early: That death is a part of life, and not the heavens. highest technology on Earth can deliver us from the natural NASA

MARCH 1986 31