DOCSLIB.ORG

History, Civics and Geography(Thailand) (58)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
History, Civics and Geography(Thailand) (58) HISTORY, CIVICS AND GEOGRAPHY(THAILAND) (58) GEOGRAPHY (THAILAND) H.C.G.(Thailand) - Paper - 2 Candidates offering History, Civics and Geography are not eligible to offer History, Civics and Geography (Thailand). NOTE: The syllabus for Geography (Thailand) (Group I) has not been changed. CLASS X There will be one paper of two hours duration (e) Markings directions between different carrying 80 marks and Internal Assessment of 20 locations, using eight cardinal points. marks. The Paper will consist of two parts, Part I and Part 2. Map of Thailand II. On an outline map of Thailand, candidates will Part I (compulsory) will consist of two questions. be required to locate, mark and name the Question 1 will be based on Topographical Map and following: questions related to the given map. Mountains, Peaks: Daen Lao Range, Question 2 will be based on an outline Map of Sankalakhiri, Doi Inthanon, Thanon Thong Thailand. Chai Range; Part II: Candidates will be expected to answer any Plateaus, plains, peninsula and islands: Khorat five questions. plateau, plains in central Thailand, Malay Candidates will be expected to make the fullest use Peninsula, phi phi island; of sketches, diagrams, graphs and charts in their Longitude: Indo China Time (105°E); answers. Rivers: Ping river, Wang river, Yom river, Nan Questions set may require answers involving the river, Chao Phraya river, Tha Chin River interpretation of photographs of geographical interest. Water Bodies: Songkhla Lake, Gulf of Thailand, Andaman Sea, South China Sea. PART – I: MAP WORK Direction of Winds: South West Monsoon, 1. Interpretation of Topographical Maps North East Monsoon. Distribution of Minerals: Oil and coal in (a) Locating features with the help of a four Kamphaeng phet city; Tin in Phuket, Gem figure or a six-figure grid reference. stones in Chantaburi, Erawan Natural Gas field. (b) Identification of landforms marked by Soil Distribution – Alluvial Soil (Sandy soil, contours lines (steep slope, gentle slope, clayey soil, shallow soil, sandy loam soil), hill, valley, ridge, plateau, saddle-shaped, Laterite soil. U-shaped valley, spur, escarpment) by Cities - Bangkok, Chinag Mai, Chaing Rai, contour cross-section method. Phuket, Ayuthaya, Sukhothai, Krabi, Nonthaburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Hat Yai, Udon (c) Identifying and drawing of the conventional Thani, Pak Kret, Pattaya. symbols. Population - Distribution of Population (dense (d) Definition of contour lines, contour interval, and sparse). definitions of different types of scales (statement of scale, linear scale, representative fraction), triangulated height, nucleated settlement, dispersed settlement, water-divide, ridge. 1 PART – II: GEOGRAPHY OF THAILAND 8. Mineral and Energy Resources • Iron ore, Feldspar, Tin and Lead – uses and 3. Location, Extent, Physical features their distribution. • Position and Extent of Thailand (through • Conventional Sources: Coal, Natural gas Map only). (distribution, advantages and • The physical features of Thailand – disadvantages). Archipelagos, mountains, plateaus, plains • Hydel Power generation and advantages; and rivers. (through Map only). examples of Bhumibol Dam, Srinagarind Dam and the rivers on which they are • Northern Thailand, North-eastern constructed. Thailand, Central Thailand, Eastern • Non-conventional Sources: Solar, wind Thailand, Western Thailand, Southern (generation and advantages). Thailand. 9. Agriculture in Thailand 4. Climate • Agriculture: role in the economy; problems Distribution of Temperature, Rainfall, winds in of agriculture. Summer and Winter and factors affecting the • Types of farming in Thailand: subsistence: climate. Monsoon and its mechanism. Seasons – shifting, intensive; Commercial: extensive, Hot Season - March to Mid-May, Rainy Season- plantation and mixed - characteristics, Mid May to October affected by South West advantages and disadvantages of each. Monsoon; Dry, Cool Season-November to • Climatic conditions, soil requirements, February affected by North-East Monsoon. methods of cultivation, processing and distribution of the following crops: 5. Soil Resources - Rice and Maize • Types of soil: Alluvial (Sandy soil, clayey - Rubber and Sugarcane soil, shallow soil, sandy loam soil), Laterite - Palm and Soyabean soil. 10. Manufacturing Industries • Distribution, composition and characteristics such as colour, texture, • Importance and classification of industries minerals and crops associated. (agro based, mineral based); • Agro based Industry - Sugar, rice, food • Soil Erosion: causes, prevention and processing, fisheries and textile (economic conservation. importance and problems of each); 6. Natural Vegetation • Mineral based Industry – Iron and Steel in Samut Prakan city of Thailand-sources of • Importance of forests. raw materials and power; significance to • Types of vegetation (tropical semi- the economy; Electronics in Ayutthaya city evergreen, tropical deciduous monsoon, of Thailand- importance; cement and savanna); distribution and Characteristics automobile industries (sources of raw and adaptation with their environment materials and power; significance to the economy). • Significance of Forest conservation and importance of community forests. 11. Transport Importance of transport; Modes – Roadways, 7. Water Resources Railways, Airways and Waterways - advantages • Sources (Surface water and ground water). and disadvantages. • Need for conservation and conservation 12. Tourism practices, water harvesting (Watershed management). Irrigation: Importance and Definition of tourism, advantages, important methods (canal, well, tube well- advantages places-natural and cultural, positive and and disadvantages of each). negative impacts of tourism. 2 13. Waste Management EVALUATION • Impact of waste accumulation - spoilage of The assignments/project work is to be evaluated by landscape, pollution, health hazards, effect the subject teacher and by an External Examiner. on terrestrial, aquatic (fresh water and (The External Examiner may be a teacher nominated marine) life. by the Head of the school, who could be from the • Need for waste management. faculty, but not teaching the subject in the • Methods of safe disposal - segregation, section/class. dumping and composting. The Internal Examiner and the External Examiner • Need and methods for reducing, reusing and will assess the assignments independently. recycling waste. Award of Marks (20 Marks) INTERNAL ASSESSMENT Subject Teacher (Internal Examiner) 10 marks PRACTICAL / PROJECT WORK External Examiner 10 marks Candidates will be required to prepare a project The total marks obtained out of 20 are to be sent to report on any one topic. The topics for assignments the Council by the Head of the school. may be selected from the list of suggested assignments given below. Candidates can also take The Head of the school will be responsible for the up an assignment of their choice under any of the online entry of marks on the Council’s CAREERS broad areas given below. portal by the due date. Suggested list of assignments: 1. Geography of Thailand (a) Land use pattern in different regions of Thailand – a comparative analysis. (b) The survey of a local/ floating markets on the types of shops and services offered. 2. Environment: Wildlife conservation efforts in Thailand. 3. Current Geographical Issues: Development of tourism in Thailand. 4. Transport in Thailand: Development of Road, Rail, Water and Air routes. 5. List different type of industries in the provinces and collect information about the types of raw materials used, modes of their procurement and disposal of wastes generated. Classify these industries as polluting or environment friendly and suggest possible ways of reducing pollution caused by these units. 6. Visit a water treatment plant, sewage treatment plant or garbage dumping or vermicomposting sites in the locality and study their working. 7. Need for industrialization in Thailand, the latest trends and its impact on economy of Thailand. 3 INTERNAL ASSESSMENT IN GEOGRAPHY (Thailand) - GUIDELINES FOR MARKING WITH GRADES Criteria Preparation Procedure/ Observation Inference/Results Presentation Testing Grade I Gives complete States the Studies text and States theoretical information in a coherent Neatly and correctly (4 marks) theoretical objectives and source material and and concise manner using geographical stated statement of information defines the makes a list. terminology. Uses a variety of techniques. intent and conclusion using relevant aspects to be Shows resourcefulness. Supports matches with geographical studied. investigation with relevant evidence. objectives. terms Grade II Provides States objectives Makes a limited list Uses sound methodology-using methods Limited use of (3 marks) adequate but not the of source material suggested. Makes a valid statement about the reference material information limitations of the only from secondary data collected. Attempts to develop and a presentation, using appropriate study. sources. explanations using available information. which is routine. terms. Grade III States objectives Only lists the References are Uses methodology in which selective Simple and neat with (2 marks) using some aspects to be minimal. techniques are applied correctly. Makes correct placement of geographical studied. descriptive statement. Analysis is limited. references, terms but mostly Relates and describes systematically the data acknowledgements, in descriptive collected. Tries to relate conclusion to contents, maps and terms. original aim. diagrams.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 at the End of Year 2020, Assets Under Central Pattana Include
    1 At the end of year 2020, assets under Central Pattana include: Projects Number of Project Shopping Center 34 Projects (33 Projects in Thailand and 1 Project in Malaysia) Office Building 10 Projects Hotel 2 Projects Residential for Rent 1 Project Residential for Sale 18 Projects 1 No. Project Land Ownership Status Obligation 1 Central Ladprao Leasehold . Central Pattana pays for sublease rights fee, annual sublease rights fee and durable articles 1693 Phaholyothin Road, Chatuchak, Chatuchak, (including building) until end of contract. Bangkok 10900 Tel: + 66 (0) 2793 6000 Fax: + 66 (0) 2541 1341 2 Central Ramindra Leasehold . Central Pattana paid rental in up front to Harng Central Department Store Co., Ltd., which is related 109/10, Ramindra Road, Bangkhen, party. Both companies have Chirathivat Family as a major shareholder and controlling Bangkok 10220 persons. Tel: + 66 (0) 2790 3000 Fax: + 66 (0) 2552 5513 3 Central Pinklao Leasehold . Central Pattana sublet parts of Central Pinklao to CPNREIT for 15 years, until December 31, 7/222 Baromrachachonnanee Road, Arunamarin, 2024. Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700 . In 2015, Central Pattana and CPNREIT had extended the main contract for another two years Tel: + 66 (0) 2877 5000 and five months, from January 1, 2025 to May 31, 2027. Fax: + 66 (0) 2884 8486 4 Central Marina Leasehold . Central Pattana pays monthly land sublease to Central Pattaya Co., Ltd. by advanced 78/54 Moo 9, Pattaya Sai 2 Road, Banglamung, installment. Chonburi 20260 Tel: + 66 (0) 3300 3888 Fax: + 66 (0) 3300 3888 ext. 1225-6 2 No. Project Land Ownership Status Obligation 5 Central Chiangmai Airport Freehold .
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand Ramindra – at Narong Expressway Construction Project (I) (II) 1. Project Profile and Japan's ODA Loan 1.1 Backgroun
    Thailand Ramindra – At Narong Expressway Construction Project (I) (II) Report Date: January 2003 Field Survey: December 2002 1. Project Profile and Japan’s ODA Loan Myanmar Hanoi Laos Vientiane Yangon Thailand Project site Bangkok Cambodia Vietnam Phnom Penh Project site: Bangkok Ramindra – At Narong Expressway 1.1 Background The percentage coverage of the road network1 in the Thai capital, Bangkok, is extremely low as compared to other global capitals, moreover, in qualitative terms the network has heterogeneous defects; the width and grade of the roads lacks continuity, there are instances where the shape and positioning of interchanges is inappropriate, and there are zones in which the road density is exceptionally low. In consequence, economic growth, population increases, and the surge in private car traffic has led to increasingly severe traffic congestion in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region(BMR)2, constraining urban functions in various ways. The northern region of Bangkok metropolis3 have witnessed particularly marked population growth relative to the metropolitan region as a whole and by 2007, it is predicted that a third of the city’s population will reside in this regions. However, despite a surge in vehicle ownership there are few north-south routes linking this region with the center of the city, and the businesses located between Bang Pa In and Rangsit in northern Bangkok, which transport goods into and out of Klong Toey Port in the south, are recognized to be contributing to traffic congestion. 1.2 Objectives To meet increased traffic demand accompanying population growth in Bangkok metropolis in the northeast and to ease north-south traffic congestion, the project aimed to expand the north-south 1 Road coverage percentage = road surface area/administrative land area × 100 (%) 2 A region including the areas of Nonthaburi, Samut Prakarn, Samut Sakorn, Phathumthani, and Nakhorn Pathom, plus the Bangkok special zones.
    [Show full text]
  • Infected Areas As on 6 August 1987 — Zones Infectées Au 6 Août 1987
    U kl\ Epidem Rec Nu 32-7 August 1987 - 238 - Releve eptdem ftebd Nu 32 - 7 août 1987 PARASITIC DISEASES MALADIES PARASITAIRES Prevention and control of intestinal parasitic infections Lutte contre les parasitoses intestinales New WHO publication1 Nouvelle publication de l’OM S1 This report outlines new approaches to the prevention and con­ Ce rapport décrit les nouvelles méthodes de lutte contre les parasitoses trol of intestinal parasitic infections made possible by the recent intestinales mises au point grâce à la découverte de médicaments efficaces discovery of safe and effective therapeutic drugs, the improvement et sans danger, à l’amélioration et à la simplification de certaines and simplification of diagnostic procedures, and advances in the méthodes de diagnostic et aux progrès réalisés en biologie des populations understanding of parasite population biology. Newly available parasitaires. A partir de données nouvelles sur l'impact économique et information on the economic and social impact of these infections social de ces infections, il montre qu’il est nécessaire et possible de les is used to illustrate the necessity, as well as the feasibility, of maîtriser. bringing these infections under control. In view of the staking variations in the biology of different La biologie des différents parasites intestinaux ainsi que la forme et la intestinal parasites and in the form and severity of the diseases gravité des maladies qu’ils provoquent varient énormément, aussi le they cause, the book opens with individual profiles for each of the rapport commence-t-il par dresser un profil des principales helminthiases main helminthic and protozoan infections of public health impor­ et protozooses qui revêtent une importance du point de vue de la santé tance.
    [Show full text]
  • TABLE of CONTENTS List of Abbreviations Used………………………………………………………..…………..3
    Sexual Health and Rights Sex Workers, Transgender People & Men Who have Sex with Men Thailand OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE Liz Cameron Network Public Health Program Consultant Sexual Health and Rights Program Copyright © 2006 by the Open Society Institute 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations Used………………………………………………………..…………..3 List of Key Organizations + Donors.………………………………………………...……….4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY………………………………………………………………5-13 Definition of Sexual Health and Rights……………………………………………..5-6 Overview…………………………………………………………………………..6-10 Priorities…………………………………………………………………………..11-13 Recommendation…………………………………………………………………… 13 I- METHODOLOGY………………………………………………….……………….13-14 II- RESULTS……………………………………………………………………..…..…….14 A- Policy Landscape...…………………………………………………………................14-60 A-1 Thailand’s Political Environment……………...……………….…...…. …..14-15 A-2 HIV Situation in Thailand…..…………..…….…………………. ...............15–21 A-3 Universal Health Care and AIDS Treatment and Care…..………………….20-23 A-4 Current Rights Issues in Thailand ………………….………………........... 23-25 A-5 General Sexual Health and Rights Situation…...……. ………………….…25-28 A-6 Sexual Health & Rights Situation of Transgender People….……................28-32 A-7 Sexual Health & Rights Situation of Men who have Sex with Men……......32-39 A-8 Sexual health & Rights Situation of Sex workers..…………………………39-50 i) Added Specific Issues for Women Sex Workers.…..…………………….50-54 ii) Added Specific Issues for Transgender Workers ………………….........54-55 iii) Added Specific Issues for Men Sex Workers….………………………….55-60
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation and Development of Koh Kret Community Environment in Nonthaburi การอนุรักษ์และพัฒนาลักษณะสภาพแวดล้อมชุมชนท้องถิ่นเกาะเกร็ด จังหวัดนนทบุรี
    Conservation and Development of Koh Kret Community Environment in Nonthaburi การอนุรักษ์และพัฒนาลักษณะสภาพแวดล้อมชุมชนท้องถิ่นเกาะเกร็ด จังหวัดนนทบุรี Srisak Phattanawasin ศรศี กดั ์ิ พฒนวศั นิ Conservation and Development of Koh Kret Community Environment in Nonthaburi Srisak Phattanawasin 15 Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies Volume 6. Issue 2. 2009 16 Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University Conservation and Development of Koh Kret Community Environment in Nonthaburi การอนรุ กษั และพ์ ฒนาลั กษณะสภาพแวดลั อมช้ มชนทุ องถ้ นเกาะเกร่ิ ด็ จงหวั ดนนทบั รุ ี Srisak Phattanawasin ศรศี กดั ์ิ พฒนวศั นิ Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand, E-mail: [email protected] คณะสถาปตยกรรมศาสตรั และการผ์ งเมั องื มหาวทยาลิ ยธรรมศาสตรั ์ จงหวั ดปทั มธานุ ี 12121 Abstract The expansions of urbanization and economic growth over Bangkok area generate rapid changes on several small communities surrounding Bangkok, especially on the potential ones such as Koh Kret, Nontahburi. Due to its unique physical, social and cultural virtues, Koh Kret has been promoted as an eco-cultural tourist attraction. This, to some extent, has impacts on Koh Kret’s physical transformations concerned with their original way of life and cultures, causing the difficulties between retaining the cultural heritage and modernizing the community area. This research had studied on both theoretical and related topics along with a field research, focusing on the studies for conservation and sustainable development of Koh Kret community environment related to the tourism. Two main issues were covered in this research, that is, the community planning and the vernacular architecture. In this study, the participating research was performed by using field surveys and questionnaires for gathering information on community attitudes toward the above issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Disaster Management Partners in Thailand
    Cover image: “Thailand-3570B - Money flows like water..” by Dennis Jarvis is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 https://www.flickr.com/photos/archer10/3696750357/in/set-72157620096094807 2 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Table of Contents Welcome - Note from the Director 8 About the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance 9 Disaster Management Reference Handbook Series Overview 10 Executive Summary 11 Country Overview 14 Culture 14 Demographics 15 Ethnic Makeup 15 Key Population Centers 17 Vulnerable Groups 18 Economics 20 Environment 21 Borders 21 Geography 21 Climate 23 Disaster Overview 28 Hazards 28 Natural 29 Infectious Disease 33 Endemic Conditions 33 Thailand Disaster Management Reference Handbook | 2015 3 Government Structure for Disaster Management 36 National 36 Laws, Policies, and Plans on Disaster Management 43 Government Capacity and Capability 51 Education Programs 52 Disaster Management Communications 54 Early Warning System 55 Military Role in Disaster Relief 57 Foreign Military Assistance 60 Foreign Assistance and International Partners 60 Foreign Assistance Logistics 61 Infrastructure 68 Airports 68 Seaports 71 Land Routes 72 Roads 72 Bridges 74 Railways 75 Schools 77 Communications 77 Utilities 77 Power 77 Water and Sanitation 80 4 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Health 84 Overview 84 Structure 85 Legal 86 Health system 86 Public Healthcare 87 Private Healthcare 87 Disaster Preparedness and Response 87 Hospitals 88 Challenges
    [Show full text]
  • Conflicts and Politics Associated with the 2011 Thailand Flood
    Conflicts and Politics Associated with the 2011 Thailand Flood Yoshifumi TAMADA INTRODUCTION Floods involve not only technical issues such as identifying the causes, developing and implementing disaster control measures, and water resource management; they also involve issues of profit and loss distribution, with decisions related to when and how sacrifices, compensation, and relief are assigned to whom (Kasian 2011). The 2011 Thailand floods involved not only a people’s fight against water, but also involved many cases of conflict among people. Amid the floods, people sought scapegoats for the causes of the floods, claiming that the disaster was beyond imagination to evade blame. They argued about which communities should face the force of the river overflow. Fierce conflicts related to guidance of the flood flows to one community or another erupted particularly between Bangkok and neighboring provinces, and within Bangkok, between the left and right banks of the Chao Phraya River and on the left bank between the Phra Nakhon Area and the eastern area. Heated arguments arose in relation to short-, medium-, and long-term flood control measures, involving issues such as whether to build a dam in an upstream area or not, where in a midstream area to place a retarding 1 basin, whether to build a ring levee around entire industrial estates and urban areas to prevent water inflow in the downstream delta area or not, and who is responsible for undertaking their design and construction. Regarding the issue of aid for flood victims, community neighbors disputed who should receive ex gratia and compensatory payments. Disputes associated with the floods in various aspects intensified while involving political conflicts.
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map
    Thailand Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is preparing sector assessments, strategies, and road maps (ASRs) to help align future ADB support with the needs and strategies of developing member countries and other development partners. ASRs are a working document that help inform the development of country partnership strategies. This transport sector ASR highlights development issues, needs, and strategic assistance priorities of the Government of Thailand and ADB, with a focus on roads and railways. It highlights sector performance, priority development constraints, the government’s strategy and plans, other development partner support, lessons learned from past ADB support, and possible future ADB assistance, including knowledge support and investments. The product serves as a basis for further dialogue on how ADB and the government can work together to tackle the challenges of managing transport sector development in Thailand in the coming years. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 903 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand Wat Nakorn-In Bridge and Connecting Road Construction Project (I) (II)
    Thailand Wat Nakorn-In Bridge and Connecting Road Construction Project (I) (II) External Evaluator: Keishi Miyazaki (OPMAC Corporation) Field Survey: September 2006 1．Project Profile and Japan’s ODA Loan Bangladesh Myanmar Laos Thailand Bangkok Vietnam Project Site Cambodia Malaysia Map of project area Rama V Bridge (formerly the Wat Nakorn-In Bridge) constructed by this project 1.1 Background A distinct lack of road capacity became apparent in the suburbs (which lie within the Outer Ring Road) due to the expansion of the urban zone in the Bangkok metropolitan area. Particularly in the area along the western bank of the Chao Phraya River from northern Bangkok to southern Nonthaburi Province, road congestion during the morning and evening rush hour became serious, because adequate bridges across the Chao Phraya River were not being built, even though farmland was rapidly being turned to residential and commercial use and traffic volume on existing roads and bridges was increasing markedly. In southern Nonthaburi Province, which is the site of this project, the only road bridges spanning the Chao Phraya River were the Phra Nang Klao Bridge toward the north and the Rama VII Bridge toward the south. Moreover, there were only two trunk roads which connected the Chao Phraya River and the Outer Ring Road, the northerly Rathan Thibet Road and the southerly Nakorn Chai Sri Road. For this reason, these roads and bridges experienced chronic congestion in the morning and evening; moreover, because no north-south trunk road existed in that area, vehicles that were bound north or south had to travel via central Bangkok, further exacerbating the traffic congestion in the metropolitan area.
    [Show full text]
  • Floodwalls Built After the 2011 Floods in Central Thailand
    Research Report “It is Built Against Nature:” Floodwalls Built After the 2011 Floods in Central Thailand Danny Marks* * School of Geosciences, University of Sydney; email: [email protected] Research Report 2016 Project Improving Flood Management Abstract in Thailand A political ecology of the Thai state’s response to the 2011 floods Research leader Nipon Poapongsakorn in Central Thailand is developed initially by analyzing the discourses used by key state actors to describe the causes of the floods. Rather than blaming flooding on an overreliance on flood-control infrastructure, poor Copyright © 2016 by land use, and mismanagement in 2011, they blamed the floods on nature, Thailand Development too much water and encroachment of waterways. Government actors at Research Institute Foundation all levels decided to build back Central Thailand by constructing more Printed in Thailand and higher floodwalls. They did this for a number of reasons, particularly their view of the unfeasibility of land use control, their attempt to please the electorate, and the opportunities they saw for patronage. Government agencies chose locations for these floodwalls that would enable them to protect urban centers, either at the regional level (the entire metropolis of Bangkok) or at the municipal level (the inner city). They claimed that these projects were necessary because they would protect spaces that are more valuable economically. The effects of these projects are inequitable and unfair. A number of groups, who are located on the periphery of society and will bear the costs of these projects, have opposed them. In most cases they were unable to bring about significant changes to the projects or plans for them.
    [Show full text]
  • ITS-Masterplanexsumen.Pdf
    Executive Summary Report i Abbreviation Index Abbreviation Explanation DLT Department of Land Transport BMTA Bangkok Mass Transit Authority CMRT Commission for the Management of Road Traffic DOH Department of Highway TIS Thai Industrial Standard OTP Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials AHP Analytic Hierarchy Process ANSI American National Standards Institute API Application Programming Interface APTS Advance Public Transport System ARL Airport Rail Link ARMS Accident Report Management System ARTS Advanced Rural Transportation Systems ASD Assistance for Safe Driving ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One ASTM American Society for Testing and Material ATC Area Traffic Control ATE Automation Traffic Enforcement ATIS Advanced Traveler Information System ATMS Advanced Transport Management System AVCS Advanced Vehicle Control System AVI/AEI Automated Vehicle/Equipment Identification BEM Bangkok Expressway and Metro BIMS Bus Information and Management System BTS Bangkok Mass Transit System C2C Center to Center Communications Study of Intelligent Transport System Development Master plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region PSK/ATTS Executive Summary Report ii Abbreviation Index Abbreviation Explanation C2F Center to Field Communications CALM Communications access for land mobiles CCTV Closed Circuit Television CD Committee Draft CEN European Committee for Standardization CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization CVOS Commercial Vehicle Operation
    [Show full text]
  • Print This Article
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Vol 9 No 6 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) Social Sciences November 2018 . Research Article © 2018 Jirada Praebaisri and Koompong Noobanjong. This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Wat Poramaiyigawas: The Reflection of Mon Identity during the Transition from Old to New Siam Jirada Praebaisri Ph.D., Candidate in Industrial Education, Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Thailand Koompong Noobanjong Ph.D., Associate. Prof., Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Thailand Doi: 10.2478/mjss-2018-0159 Abstract This research has studied Wat Poramaiyigawas with the objective to study Mon identity in Siam context through Buddhist architecture during the transition from Old to New Siam. The essence of this research is set upon the concept of Stuart Hall's Representation Theory which indicates that architecture is constructed with the purpose to express the creator's concept, with the method of studying related historical information and physical field study. Wat Poramaiyigawas had been abandoned before it was restored by the Mon immigrants in Thonburi Kingdom until it was later sponsored by Siamese aristocrats for major reconstruction. During the social transition from a conservative society to a modern one which had the Western world as the prototype, temple reconstruction or building of the Mon the subordinates of Siam where changes were taking place, the Mon had to follow Siamese aristocrats' view showing not only for the purpose of ideological significance of their belief or Buddhist function, but also was the venue for creating the ideological and conceptual meaning which were created symbolically through art and architecture according to views reflecting identity of the creator in that period than Mon people who were the real users.
    [Show full text]