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1983 Geologic Time Scale

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1983 Geologic Time Scale The Decade of North American Geology 1983 Geologic Time Scale Compiled by Allison R. Palmer Centennial Science Program Coordinator Geological Society of America, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, Colorado 80301 Preparation of the 27 synthesis volumes of The Geology of MESOZOIC North America for the Decade of North American Geology Base of Companion to end of Cretaceous (DNAG) is now in progress. In order to encourage uniformity Berggren, W. A., Kent, D. V., and Flynn, J. J., 1984, Appendix, among DNAG authors in the citation of numerical ages for chron- in Geochronology and the geologic record: Geological Society ostratigraphic units of the geologic time scale, an ad hoc Time of London (in press). Scale Advisory Committee was established by the DNAG Steering Base of Aptian to base of Santonian Committee in 1982. This advisory committee, consisting of Z. E. Harland, W. B„ Cox, A. V., Llewellyn, P. G„ Picton, C.A.G., Peterman (Chairman) and J. E. Harrison, U.S. Geological Survey; Smith, A. G., and Walters, R., 1982, A geological time scale: R. L. Armstrong, University of British Columbia; and W. A. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 128 p. Berggren, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, was asked to Base of Hettangian to base of Barremian (dating and chronostrati- evaluate numerical dating schemes that were either recently pub- graphic correlation of the "M" series) lished or in press and to provide recommendations for the best Kent, D. V., and Gradstein, F. M., 1984, A Jurassic to Recent numbers to use in preparation of a DNAG time scale. The chart chronology, in Tucholke, B. E., and Vogt, P. R., eds., The on the opposite side of this page was developed from the recom- Western Atlantic region, Volume M of The geology of North mendations of the Time Scale Advisory Committee. America: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America Geochronometric ages (Ma, Ga) assigned to chronostrati- (in press). graphic boundaries are subject to several uncertainties in addi- Note: Rhaetian has been eliminated from the Late Triassic tion to those introduced by the numerical dating methods chronostratigraphic scale following Tozer, E. T., 1979, Latest Tri- themselves; boundary stratotypes for many units are not yet assic ammonoid faunas and biochronology, western Canada: Geo- chosen, so disagreement exists about exact biostratigraphic place- logical Survey of Canada Paper 79-1B, p. 127-135. ment and correlation of a boundary; and many materials that can Base of Ladinian to base of Norian be numerically dated are not known in good context with biostrat- Armstrong, R. L., 1982, Late Triassic-Early Jurassic time scale igraphic data, so extrapolation to a chronostratigraphic boundary calibration in British Columbia, Canada, in Odin, G. S., ed., is commonly required. Furthermore, with respect to the late Numerical dating in stratigraphy: New York, John Wiley & Mesozoic and the Cenozoic, differing numerical age calibrations Sons, p. 509-513. of the magnetic polarity-reversal scale based on differing choices Base of Scythian to base of Anisian of scattered isotopically dated tie points, differing interpretations Webb, J. A., 1982, Triassic radiometric dates from eastern Austra- of the positions of biostratigraphic boundaries with respect to the lia: in Odin, G. S., ed., Numerical dating in stratigraphy: New polarity-reversal scale, and uncertainties in the meaning of isotopic York, John Wiley & Sons, p. 515-521. ages derived from glauconies lead to disagreement about ages assigned to some chronostratigraphic boundaries. PALEOZOIC With these caveats, the numerical ages given in this chart All numerical ages except those for the upper and lower represent interpretations acceptable to the DNAG Time Scale boundaries of the Paleozoic are derived from Harland and others Advisory Committee. The uncertainty bars for Paleozoic and (see above, 1982, p. 52-55). Late Carboniferous numbers are for Mesozoic ages are from data in Harland and others (1982). continentally based ages (N = "Namurian"; W = Westphalian; Uncertainty bars for the Cenozoic are not available. S = Stephanian). The marine-based ages are from Harland and Sources for the numerical ages and for the chronostrati- others (1982, Fig. 5.6). The earlier estimate for the base of the graphic nomenclature are given below. Cambrian at 570 Ma is retained. CENOZOIC PRECAMBRIAN Berggren, W. A., Kent, D. V., and Van Couvering, J. A., 1984, Harrison, J. E., and Peterman, Z. E., 1982, North American Neogene geochronology and chronostratigraphy; in Geo- Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature, Report 9, Adop- chronology and the geologic record: Geological Society of tion of geochronometric units for divisions of Precambrian London (in press). time: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Berggren, W. A., Kent, D. V., and Flynn, J. J., 1984, Paleogene v. 66, p. 801-802. geochronology and chronostratigraphy, in Geochronology and the geologic record: Geological Society of London (in press). GEOLOGY, v. II, p. 503-504, September 1983 503 è DECADE OF NORTH AMERICAN GEOLOGY 1983 GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA CENOZOIC MESOZOiC PALEOZOIC PRECAMBRiAN BOY. PERIOD EPOCH PICKS AGE I PERIOD EPOCH PICKS AGE PICKS |M>| AGE AGES (Ma) £ IM» (M») <Ma| (Ma) (Ma) 4UUÉA- 0.01 NARY PLEISTOCENE -H20 1.6 z TATARIAN " PIACENZIAN MAASTRICHTIAN < -120 —»24 LATE ZANCLEAN 5.3 s —122 MESSINIAN (12 6.5 CAMPANIAN oc UJ CO 84.0 TORTONIAN 87.5 SL 88.5 286 112 90- D GZELIAN 91 KASIMOVIAN O CENOMANIAN 296 10 MOSCOVIAN O SERRAVALLIAN iu MIDDLE o BASHKIRIAN o 15.1 O ALBIAN 315 o LANGHIAN < 16.6 320 N s SERPUKHOVIAN I- 113 O BURDIGALIAN LU APTIAN •119 VISEAN oc 21.8 0C BARREMIAN U AQUITANIAN 124 352 18 23.7 O HAUTERIVIAN TOURNAISIAN I- 360 10 •131 FAMMENIAN o 367 VALANGINIAN H12 CHATTIAN FRASNIAN 374 CC 138 z GIVETIAN H8 UJ BERRIASIAN 380 Q. EIFELIAN EARLY Ü 144 o 387 •118 O > EMSIAN TITHONIAN 394 -H28 a UJ SIEGENIAN -152 -112 o •401 -122 RUPELIAN KIMMERIDGIAN GEDINNIAN 408 •156 -"6 •118 PRIDOLIAN 414 OXFORDIAN 15 LUDLOVIAN 12 -163 421 oc 12 3 WENLOCKIAN 428 o CALLOVIAN 15 PRIABONIAN 169 LLANDOVERIAN -112 BATHONIAN 438 (/) 34 8 176 ASHGILLIAN BARTONIAN </) 448 112 180- BAJOCIAN CARADOCIAN < 34 < H2 LATE 183 458 w AALENIAN 34 O LLANOEILAN H16 z oc 187 > 468 UJ TOARCIAN 28 LLANVIRNIAN 16 LUTETIAN 193 o o 478 16 o PLIENSBACHIAN 32 o ARENIGIAN 111 198 120 L<U SINEMURIAN oc 18 204 o TREMADOCIAN HETTANGIAN MIDDLE 208 z TREMPEALEAUAN o YPRESIAN O FRANCONIAN NORIAN oc DRESBACHIAN < 57.8 (fi UJ 225 oc z (/> co EARLY UJ < CARNIAN 22 o 60.6 230 s LADINIAN < o 235 63.6 OC ANISIAN o 240 < DANIAN 240 - I- a SCYTHIAN r66.4 245 .
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