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Copertina 2011 (7-9):Cpertina 4/9 7-09-2012 15:59 Pagina 1 2011 Original Modified PROGRESS REPORT PROGRESS 1011 1010 109 108 107 2011 Euratom–ENEA Association Euratom–ENEA Association fusion activities fusion activities 2011 Progress Report ITALIAN NATIONAL AGENCY FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Nuclear Fusion Unit Copertina 2011 (7-9):Cpertina 4/9 7-09-2012 15:59 Pagina 2 This report was prepared by the Scientific Publications Office from contributions provided by the scientific and technical staff of ENEA’s Nuclear Fusion Unit Scientific editors: Paola Batistoni, Gregorio Vlad Cover, artwork and design/composition: Marisa Cecchini See http://www.fusione.enea.it for copy of this report Original Modified Original a) and modified b) layouts of the in–port RNC cassettes 1011 1010 109 108 107 Fast neutron maps (see page 057) Published by: ENEA - Servizio Diffusione Tecnologie Edizioni Scientifiche, Centro Ricerche Frascati, C.P. 65 00044 Frascati Rome (Italy) 20112011 ProgressProgress ReportReport Euratom–ENEA Association Fusion Activities Contents 005 Preface 007 Magnetic Confinement 007 Introduction 008 FTU Facility 008 Summary of the machine operation 009 FTU Experimental Results 009 Density limit dependence on the toroidal magnetic field 011 Electron cyclotron 013 Lower hybrid 015 Liquid Lithium Limiter experiments 016 Diagnostic developments 021 Experimental international collaborations 024 Theory 025 Nonlinear studies on beta induced Alfvén eigenmode driven by energetic particles using eXtended version of HMGC 026 Nonlinear dynamics of shear Alfvén modes 027 Electron–fishbone simulations using XHMGC 028 Orbit theory and equilibrium distribution function for Alfvén wave stability studies and related energetic particle transports in FAST 029 Benchmark activity for the HYMAGYC code 030 Theoretical and numerical studies of wave–packet propagation in tokamak plasmas 030 Analytical and numerical studies for the propagating and mode converted lower hybrid waves 030 Gyrokinetic theory of parametric decays of kinetic Alfvén waves 031 Geodesic acoustic mode excitation by a spatially broad energetic particle beam 031 Study of self–organized critical phenomena in large systems 032 Plasmas in stellar accretion disks 033 Contribution to the F4E task for optimization of the ITER magnetic diagnostics 034 Integrated Tokamak Modeling Task Force activities 034 Non–thermal fusion reactor concept 035 JET Collaborations 035 Characterizations of the L–mode domain 036 Pellet ELM pacing 036 Nonlinear effects associated to lower hybrid wave propagation 037 Detection of dust following plasma disruptions 037 L–H power threshold studies: Be/W Vs C 037 ITER ramp–up/down similarity experiment 038 Deployment and commissioning of the current limit avoidance system for the JET eXtreme shape controller 038 Experimental results on the optimization of the magnetic field configuration for JET breakdown 040 Effects of the input polarization on JET polarimeter lateral chords 040 Preliminary investigations of equilibrium reconstruction quality during ELMy and ELM–free phases on JET 040 Statistical modelling of plasma shape influence on the power threshold to access the H–mode 041 Fusion Advanced studies Torus 041 Introduction 042 FAST Main Objectives 043 FAST Scientific Rationale and Plasma Physics Scenarios 044 Power Exhaust Problem 045 High Plasma Current Operation 049 Technology Programme 046 Introduction 002 047 Divertor, First Wall, Vacuum Vessel and Shield 047 Manufacturing technology for the ITER divertor inner vertical target 047 Development of plasma spray technique for the deposition of thick W coatings on fusion relevant substrates 048 Manufacturing and testing of a HETS module for DEMO divertor 049 Magnet and Power Supply 049 Pre–Compression rings final design qualification 050 Design verification of the electron cyclotron power supply system for ITER 050 Goal Oriented Training Programme in Power Supply Engineering 051 Remote Handling and Metrology 051 ITER in Vessel VIewing System 053 Neutronics 053 Neutronics experiment on HCLL–TBM mock–up 055 Nuclear data experiments and techniques 056 Neutron spectrometry 056 Neutronic analysis of the ITER equatorial port plug 1 058 Studies on the design of the ITER radial neutron camera 059 Materials 059 Development of a multi–scale methodology for composite structural modelling and validation of modelling procedure by mechanical testing 060 Erosion–corrosion tests of SiCf/SiC composites into LiPb 061 Safety and Environment, Power Plant Conceptual Studies and Socio Economics 061 RAMI analysis for scrubber column modules and related part of ITER TC–DS 062 Identification of Safety Important Class for ITER components 063 Definition of RAMI guidelines for DEMO systems 064 Breeder Blanket and Fuel Cycle 064 European Breeding Blanket Test Facility 065 Training activities 065 Broader Approach 065 JT–60SA 068 International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility 075 JET Fusion Technology 075 JET housekeeping wastes detritiating 076 Shutdown dose rate benchmark experiment at JET to validate the three–dimensional advanced–D1S method 077 Preliminary estimation of the impact of the new ITER–like wall on shutdown dose rate at JET 078 Benchmarking of CAD to MCNP interface 079 Cryogenics 079 Liquid helium service 081 Superconductivity 081 Introduction 082 Cable–in–Conduit Conductor Manufacturing and Testing 082 Fabrication of ITER reactor and JT–60SA tokamak CICC 082 Test of ENEA NbTi joint 082 Quality control monitoring of NbTi strands for JT–60SA TF coils 082 Low Temperature Superconducting Materials 082 Direct measurement of transversal resistance in Nb3Sn strands 083 Susceptibility measurements for determining the transversal resistivity 083 X–ray diffraction measurements 084 Critical current dependence on axial strain in stainless steel jacketed Nb3Sn wires 085 Evolution of the pinning force of NbTi filaments as a function of isothermal annealing time 085 High temperature Superconductors Materials 085 Influence of Pd interlayer thickness on Ni–W substrate oxidation mechanism 003 086 Buffer layer for YBCO based coated conductors deposited by Nd:YAG pulsed laser 087 MgO–based buffer layer architecture for YBCO coated conductor 088 MOD–LZO buffer layer 089 Inertial Fusion 089 ABC Facility 091 Fusion & Industry 093 Quality Assurance 094 Publications & Events 094 Publications 094 Articles 102 Articles in course of publication 104 Contributions to conferences 110 Workshops and Seminars 110 Workshops 110 Seminars 111 Patents 112 Miscellaneous (*) 112 Hydrogen Transport through Nanostructured Electrodes for Energy Applications 113 Pd–Based Membranes 114 AGILE and LOFT 116 Organization Chart 117 Abbreviation & Acronyms (*) Not in Association framework 004 Preface In 2011 ENEA was continuing the effort in the fusion program allocating a substantial amount of resources to fulfil its work program. The most important milestones both in physics and technology were accomplished. The effort in contributing to the R&D necessary for the ITER procurement was increased in the most challenging areas. ENEA is, indeed, strongly committed for the success of the fusion program in general and ITER in particular being well aware of the crucial importance of the fusion Labs role still for long time. Furthermore, in 2011 ENEA was looking for international cooperation in order to prepare its participation to Horizon 2020 when the program will need strong synergies among the main international stakeholders, with the aim to open a new phase where, besides a successful and in time ITER construction a strong commitments in tackling the issues still open for DEMO has to be undertaken starting a well–focussed technology program. In this frame, ENEA is continuing the design of FAST that has been proposed in view of a robust and effective accompanying program to reduce ITER operating risk and in preparation for DEMO. The physics program has been continued with FTU as well as in developing theoretical models. Others scientific and technology facilities have been further developed like the active cooled liquid lithium limiter. The strong collaboration with industry continues for both R&D and the ITER procurement, being the main effort devoted to the In Vessel Viewing System and the radial Neutron Camera, for the former, and to the divertor components and superconducting magnet for the latter. ENEA has also an important role for the Italian contribution to the Broader Approach being in charge for the construction of the toroidal magnet and power supply of JT–60SA as well as the development of the IFMIF target and advanced materials. In 2011 the equipment for coil production has been procured. The R&D related to IFMIF target and the activities on Sic/SiC in the frame of IFERC have been progressed significantly. ENEA is also continuing the physics and technology research on inertial fusion in the frame of the keep in touch activities within the Euratom program and is now collaborating with national and international Labs. The aim is also to participate to HiPER research infrastructure. ENEA is also active in supporting industries in participating to the ITER through an information network dedicated to the procurement calls. (Euratom–ENEA Association Head of Research Unit) Frascati, December 2011 Aldo Pizzuto 005 chapter 1 Magnetic Confinement In 2011, FTU operations were limited and mostly centered on high–density ohmic plasmas and MHD control by ECRH. The 8 GHz lower hybrid system was indeed unavailable due to failure of two