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Skinny and 119 Pounds, but with the Health Hallmarks of Obesity - the New York Times 7/22/16, 2:42 PM
Skinny and 119 Pounds, but With the Health Hallmarks of Obesity - The New York Times 7/22/16, 2:42 PM http://nyti.ms/2aeHHnQ Skinny and 119 Pounds, but With the Health Hallmarks of Obesity A small group of thin patients who develop disorders typically tied to obesity pose a medical mystery and a potential opportunity for scientists. By GINA KOLATA JULY 22, 2016 Claire Walker Johnson of Queens was a medical mystery. No matter how much she ate, she never gained weight. And yet Ms. Johnson, with a long narrow face, had the conditions many obese people develop — Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and, most strikingly, a liver buried in fat. She and a very small group of very thin people like her have given scientists surprising clues to one of the most important questions about obesity: Why do fat people often develop serious and sometimes life-threatening medical conditions? The answer, it turns out, has little to do with the fat itself. It’s about each person’s ability to store it. With that understanding, scientists are now working on drug treatments to protect people from excess unstored fat and spare them from dire medical conditions. The need is clear. One in three Americans and one in four adults worldwide have at least three conditions associated with obesity such as diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure — a combination of disorders that doubles their risk of heart attacks and strokes. In addition, 2 percent to 3 percent of adults http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/26/health/skinny-fat.html?_r=0 Page 1 of 7 Skinny and 119 Pounds, but With the Health Hallmarks of Obesity - The New York Times 7/22/16, 2:42 PM in America, or at least five million people, have a grave accumulation of fat in their livers caused by obesity that can lead to liver failure. -
Wendy Chung: Genetic Sleuth Is Advocate for Families
Spectrum | Autism Research News https://www.spectrumnews.org PROFILES Wendy Chung: Genetic sleuth is advocate for families BY DEBORAH RUDACILLE 21 JULY 2011 Triple threat: Colleagues say that Wendy Chung combines strengths in teaching, research and patient care with a finely tuned ethical sensibility. A few months ago, a young woman walked into Wendy Chung's office with a notebook and a flash drive. She said, "Here's my medical history, here's my genome, now you figure out what caused all this." This is exactly the kind of challenge that Chung relishes. A skilled genetic detective, she is adept at tracing an individual's symptoms to a particular genetic anomaly, teasing out its molecular ramifications and identifying the associated syndrome. According to those who know her well, that analytical bent is accompanied by a rare sensitivity. "I've known a lot of brilliant doctors and though she's at the top of the brilliance list, she also has a humanistic philosophy that animates everything she does," says Hamilton Cain, the father of one of Chung's patients. "She's not only thinking on all cylinders, but also feeling on all cylinders. She really connects with patients and their stories and their lives." Chung, who began her research career studying diabetes and obesity, is director of the clinical 1 / 4 Spectrum | Autism Research News https://www.spectrumnews.org genetics program at Columbia University Medical Center in New York as well as the university's fellowship program in clinical and molecular genetics. Two years ago, she moved into the autism field, accepting an invitation to serve as the principal investigator of the Simons Variation in Individuals Project (VIP), launched by the Simons Foundation, SFARI.org's parent organization. -
Storm Over Gender Gap Moves Into a Gray Area
وزارة اﻟﺗرﺑﯾﺔ واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ اﻣﺗﺣﺎﻧﺎت ﺷﮭﺎدة اﻟﺛﺎﻧوﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ دورة ﺳﻨﺔ ۲۰۰٥ اﻟﻌﺎدﯾﺔ اﻟﻣدﯾرﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺗرﺑﯾﺔ ﻓﺮﻋﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ وﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺤﯿﺎة داﺋرة اﻻﻣﺗﺣﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ: اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻻﻧﻛﻠﯾزﯾﺔ اﻻﺳم: اﻟﻣدة: ﺳﺎﻋﺗﺎن وﻧﺻف اﻟرﻗم: Part One: Reading (Score: 11/20) The writer in this article highlights the essential role of the hormone leptin in controlling obesity. Read it carefully, then answer the questions that follow. Obesity Control 1 New studies on mice suggest that the hormone leptin can fundamentally change the brain’s circuitry in areas that control appetite. Leptin acts during a critical period early in life, possibly influencing how much animals eat as adults. And later in life, responding to how much fat is on an animal’s body, it can again alter brain circuitry that controls how much is eaten. Researchers say the findings are a surprise and help explain why weight control is so hard for some people. 2 Scientists knew that leptin is released by fat cells and that it tells the brain how much fat is on the body. They knew that animals lacking leptin become incredibly obese and that a few humans who, because of genetic mutations do not make the hormone, are also immensely fat. 3 Leptin injections immediately made animals and the handful of patients with leptin deficiencies lose their appetites. Their weight returned to normal. 4 But it was thought that leptin acted like most other hormones by attaching itself to brain cells and directly altering their activities. 5 Some investigators did not expect that leptin could actually change connections in the brain, strengthening circuits that inhibit eating and weakening those that spur appetite. -
Female Fellows of the Royal Society
Female Fellows of the Royal Society Professor Jan Anderson FRS [1996] Professor Ruth Lynden-Bell FRS [2006] Professor Judith Armitage FRS [2013] Dr Mary Lyon FRS [1973] Professor Frances Ashcroft FMedSci FRS [1999] Professor Georgina Mace CBE FRS [2002] Professor Gillian Bates FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Trudy Mackay FRS [2006] Professor Jean Beggs CBE FRS [1998] Professor Enid MacRobbie FRS [1991] Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell DBE FRS [2003] Dr Philippa Marrack FMedSci FRS [1997] Dame Valerie Beral DBE FMedSci FRS [2006] Professor Dusa McDuff FRS [1994] Dr Mariann Bienz FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Angela McLean FRS [2009] Professor Elizabeth Blackburn AC FRS [1992] Professor Anne Mills FMedSci FRS [2013] Professor Andrea Brand FMedSci FRS [2010] Professor Brenda Milner CC FRS [1979] Professor Eleanor Burbidge FRS [1964] Dr Anne O'Garra FMedSci FRS [2008] Professor Eleanor Campbell FRS [2010] Dame Bridget Ogilvie AC DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Doreen Cantrell FMedSci FRS [2011] Baroness Onora O'Neill * CBE FBA FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Lorna Casselton CBE FRS [1999] Dame Linda Partridge DBE FMedSci FRS [1996] Professor Deborah Charlesworth FRS [2005] Dr Barbara Pearse FRS [1988] Professor Jennifer Clack FRS [2009] Professor Fiona Powrie FRS [2011] Professor Nicola Clayton FRS [2010] Professor Susan Rees FRS [2002] Professor Suzanne Cory AC FRS [1992] Professor Daniela Rhodes FRS [2007] Dame Kay Davies DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Elizabeth Robertson FRS [2003] Professor Caroline Dean OBE FRS [2004] Dame Carol Robinson DBE FMedSci -
The Bridge Between Science and the Future It Creates
Cell Stem Cell Resource Review Communicating Hope: the Bridge between Science and the Future It Creates The Stem Cell Hope: How Stem Cell Medicine Can Change Our Lives Alice Park New York, Hudson Street Press (2011) 336 pp., ISBN: 978-1-59463-078-1 Stem cells and hope. For those who place their futures in the perpetuation of biomedical research, these two constructs— stem cells and hope—have become nearly synonymous. For the scientific community, the potential for their work to be the basis of hope seems all too obvious. Science has long been the very vehicle by which society tackles its most pressing and perplexing challenges. It was Vannevar Bush, the first US presi- dential science advisor and the intellectual powerhouse behind the National Science Foundation, who championed the role that science would need to play in addressing broad social, the opponents’ court. Park notes that the Bush advisor Jay Lef- economic, and technological problems. However, it was also kowitz himself stated, ‘‘A lot of the conservative groups saw Vannevar Bush who stated, ‘‘A belief may be larger than this .a little bit as a surrogate for abortion.’’ Language that a fact,’’ and for stem cell research, this perceptive observation has framed the debate, such as ‘‘cloning,’’ ‘‘destruction,’’ made over 50 years ago has come to define the field. ‘‘fetus,’’ ‘‘abortion,’’ and ‘‘slippery slope,’’ is the very language Alice Park works to dispel some of the ‘‘belief-as-fact’’ pattern introduced and perpetuated by those who have no greater that has driven the social side of stem cell research in her book, interest in the field than to see its demise. -
Scientists Turn Skin Cells Into Motor Neurons in ALS Patients
Scientists Turn Skin Cells Into Motor Neurons in ALS Patients By Amanda Gardner HealthDay Reporter Thursday, July 31, 2008; 12:00 AM THURSDAY, July 31 (HealthDay News) -- Scientists have turned skin cells from patients with Lou Gehrig's disease into motor neurons that are genetically identical to the patients' own neurons. An unlimited number of these neurons can now be created and studied in the laboratory, a capability which should result in a better understanding of the disease and, one day, lead to new treatments or even the production of healthy cells that can replace the diseased ones. "The hope of some scientists is that they might be able to harness stem cells and program them to generate pluripotent stem cell lines [capable of differentiating into many different types of cells] which have the genes of patients," said Kevin Eggan, co-author of a paper appearing July 31 in the online version ofScience. "This would open up the possibility of producing a large supply of immune-matched cells to that patient that could be used in transplantation methodologies." "The other hope, and one that's much closer upon us . is if you could produce the cell types that become sick in that person, you might be able to use them in the laboratory to come to understand basic aspects of the disease and take the study of disease out of patients, where it's very difficult, and put it into the Petri dish," added Eggan, who is a principal faculty member at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute and spoke about the research at a teleconference Wednesday. -
Reopening Avenues for Attacking Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 15 July 2016, by Hannah L
Reopening avenues for attacking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 15 July 2016, by Hannah L. Robbins plays an important role in not only the nervous system, but also the blood and immune systems. "The point of our paper was to determine the function of this gene and what it normally helps to do in the body," said lead author Kevin Eggan, a professor in Harvard's Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (HSCRB) and an HSCI principal faculty member who has been studying ALS for more than a decade. According to Eggan, one way to better understand the gene is to catalog what is missing or goes awry when it is "knocked out," or inactivated. The scientists found that mice without a functional copy of the gene C9ORF72 had abnormally large spleens, livers, and lymph nodes, and got sick and In the murine spleen, lymphoid tissue (purple) is died. Mice with one working copy experienced responsible for launching an immune response to blood- similar but less severe changes. born antigens, while red pulp (pink) filters the blood. Mutations in the C9ORF72 gene, the most common mutation found in ALS patients, can inflame lymphoid "I realized immediately that the mouse knockout tissue and contribute to immune system dysfunction. had immune dysfunction," said Leonard Zon, a Credit: Dan Mordes, Eggan lab, Harvard Stem Cell professor in HSCRB, after seeing the preliminary Institute data at an informal presentation. The research team predicted that the gene mutation would affect neurons, but the finding that it Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) researchers at also inflamed other cells, namely those involved in Harvard University and the Broad Institute of autoimmunity, was "unexpected." With input from Harvard and MIT have found evidence that bone Zon and immunologist Luigi Notarangelo of Boston marrow transplantation may one day be beneficial Children's Hospital, the team decided to change to a subset of patients suffering from amyotrophic direction and further explore the gene's impact on lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative the immune system. -
Common Cooking Spice Shows Promise in Combating Diabetes and Obesity 21 June 2008
Common cooking spice shows promise in combating diabetes and obesity 21 June 2008 Shown to reverse inflammation associated with The inflammation associated with obesity was obesity and improves blood sugar control shown several years ago by researchers in the Turmeric, an Asian spice found in many curries, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center to be due in part to has a long history of use in reducing inflammation, the presence of immune cells called macrophages healing wounds and relieving pain, but can it in fat tissues throughout the body. These cells prevent diabetes? Since inflammation plays a big produce "cytokine" molecules that can cause role in many diseases and is believed to be inflammation in organs such as the heart, and islets involved in onset of both obesity and Type 2 of the pancreas, while also increasing insulin diabetes, Drew Tortoriello, M.D., an resistance in muscle and liver. Researchers endocrinologist and research scientist at the Naomi hypothesized that by suppressing the number and Berrie Diabetes Center at Columbia University activity of these cells, with turmeric or a drug with Medical Center, and his colleagues were curious similar actions, it may be possible to reduce some what effect the herb might have on diabetic mice. of the adverse consequences of obesity. Dr. Tortoriello, working with pediatric resident Curcumin administration was also associated with a Stuart Weisberg, M.D., Ph.D., and Rudolph Leibel, small but significant decline in body weight and fat M.D., fellow endocrinologist and the co-director of content, despite level or higher calorie the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, discovered that consumption, suggesting that curcumin beneficially turmeric-treated mice were less susceptible to influences body composition. -
Unique Unique
UNIQUE UNIQUE (ju^'ni^k) A. adj. 1. Of which there is only one; one and no other; single, sole, solitary. 2. a. That is or forms the only one of its kind; having no like or equal; standing alone in comparison with others, freq. by reason of superior excellence; unequalled, unparalleled, unrivalled. Oxford English Dictionary HSCI is a unique scientific enterprise THE HARVARD STEM CELL INSTITUTE is a unique scientific enterprise; nowhere else in the world are as many leading scientists gathered together to specifically focus on what today is one of the most important basic question in the life sciences: What is the property that allows stem cells not only to differentiate into any cell type in the body, but also makes it possible for them to reprogram other cells? And perhaps as significant, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute is a unique scientific enterprise because it is dedicated to bringing the answers to these questions to patients’ bedsides in the form of new treatments for conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, heart disease, cancer, blindness, and even dementias. scientific enterprise 4 } For a relatively brief interval ... researchers are Researchers believe that in as little as a decade it research solely on an individual lab basis, HSCI has hand, HSCI has established two major disease In 2005 HSCI provided its first dozen seed grants, intoxicated with a mix of the newly discovered may be possible to use embryonic stem cells to established collaborative platforms with other programs, the Cancer Stem Cell Program and The totaling $1.8 million, to launch innovative work by and the imaginable unknown. -
NIDDK September 2020 Meeting Minutes
National Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Advisory Council National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services I. CALL TO ORDER Dr. Rodgers Dr. Griffin Rodgers, Director, NIDDK, called to order the 214th meeting of the National Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Advisory Council at 10:30 a.m. on September 9, 2020, via Zoom videoconference. This meeting was conducted using a two-tiered webinar format. The panelist tier consisted of NIDDK's Advisory Council members and NIDDK staff members who presented during the meeting. The audience tier was available to members of the public and allowed them to view and listen to the meeting. A. ATTENDANCE – COUNCIL MEMBERS PRESENT Dr. David D’Alessio* Dr. Iain Drummond Dr. Richard Peek Dr. Penny Gordon-Larsen Dr. David Penson Dr. Lisa Guay-Woodford Dr. Jeffrey Pessin Dr. Barbara Kahn Ms. Ceciel Rooker Mr. Richard Knight Dr. Kathleen Sakamoto Dr. Rudolph Leibel + Dr. Ronald Sokol Mr. Thomas Nealon Dr. Gary Wu Dr. Mark Nelson Also Present: Dr. Griffin Rodgers, Director, NIDDK and Chair of the NIDDK Advisory Council Dr. Karl F. Malik, Executive Secretary, NIDDK Advisory Council Dr. Matthew Portnoy, Deputy Director, Division of Extramural Activities Dr. Gregory G. Germino, Deputy Director, NIDDK Dr. Stephen P. James, Director, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, NIDDK Dr. Robert A. Star, Director, Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, NIDDK Dr. William Cefalu, Director, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, NIDDK * Ex officio member + Ad hoc member B. NIDDK PANELISTS/SPEAKERS Dr. -
Trustees' Report and Financial Statements
Trustees’ Report and Financial Statements For the year ended 31 March 2010 02 Trustees’ Report and Financial Statements Trustees’ Report and Financial Statements 03 Trustees’ Report and Financial Statements Auditors Registered charity No 207043 Other members of the Council Contents PKF (UK) LLP Professor David Barford b Trustees Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors Professor David Baulcombe a Trustees’ Report 03 The Trustees of the Society are the Members Farringdon Place Sir Michael Berry Independent Auditors’ Report of its Council duly elected by its Fellows. 20 Farringdon Road Professor Richard Catlow b to the Council of the Royal Society 12 London EC1M 3AP Ten of the 21 members of Council retire each Dame Kay Davies DBE a Audit Committee Report to the year in line with its Royal Charter. Dame Ann Dowling DBE Solicitors Council of the Royal Society on Professor Jeffery Errington a Needham & James LLP President the Financial Statements 13 Professor Alastair Fitter Needham & James House Lord Rees of Ludlow OM Kt Dr Matthew Freeman b Consolidated Statement of Bridgeway Treasurer and Vice-President Sir Richard Friend Financial Activities 14 Stratford upon Avon Warwickshire Sir Peter Williams CBE Professor Brian Greenwood CBE b CV37 6YY b Consolidated Balance Sheet 16 Physical Secretary and Vice-President Professor Andrew Hopper CBE Bankers Dame Louise Johnson DBE b Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 17 Sir Martin Taylor a Barclays Bank plc a Professor John Pethica b Sir John Kingman Accounting Policies 18 Level 28 Dr Tim Palmer a -
Smutty Alchemy
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2021-01-18 Smutty Alchemy Smith, Mallory E. Land Smith, M. E. L. (2021). Smutty Alchemy (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/113019 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Smutty Alchemy by Mallory E. Land Smith A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2021 © Mallory E. Land Smith 2021 MELS ii Abstract Sina Queyras, in the essay “Lyric Conceptualism: A Manifesto in Progress,” describes the Lyric Conceptualist as a poet capable of recognizing the effects of disparate movements and employing a variety of lyric, conceptual, and language poetry techniques to continue to innovate in poetry without dismissing the work of other schools of poetic thought. Queyras sees the lyric conceptualist as an artistic curator who collects, modifies, selects, synthesizes, and adapts, to create verse that is both conceptual and accessible, using relevant materials and techniques from the past and present. This dissertation responds to Queyras’s idea with a collection of original poems in the lyric conceptualist mode, supported by a critical exegesis of that work.