System Administration Storage Systems Agenda
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A Dynamic Bitmap for Huge File System in Sans
A Dynamic Bitmap for Huge File System in SANs G.B.Kim*, D.J.Kang*, C.S.Park*, Y.J.Lee*, B.J.Shin** *Computer System Department, Computer and Software Technology Labs. ETRI(Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) 161 Gajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Daejon, 305-350, South Korea ** Dept. of Computer Engineering, Miryang National University 1025-1 Naei-dong Miryang Gyeongnam, South Korea Abstract: - A storage area network (SAN) is a high-speed special-purpose network (or subnetwork) that interconnects different kinds of data storage devices with associated data servers on behalf of a larger network of users. In SAN, computers service local file requests directly from shared storage devices. Direct device access eliminates the server machines as bottlenecks to performance and availability. Communication is unnecessary between computers, since each machine views the storage as being locally attached. SAN provides us to very large physical storage up to 64-bit address space, but traditional file systems can’t adapt to the file system for SAN because they have the limitation of scalability. In this paper we propose a new mechanism for file system using dynamic bitmap assignment. While traditional file systems rely on a fixed bitmap structures for metadata such as super block, inode, and directory entries, the proposed file system allocates bitmap and allocation area depend on file system features. Our approaches give a solution of the problem that the utilization of the file system depends on the file size in the traditional file systems. We show that the dynamic bitmap mechanism this improves the efficiency of disk usage in file system when compared to the conventional file systems. -
Windows 7 Bitlocker™ Drive Encryption Security Policy for FIPS 140-2 Validation
Windows 7 BitLocker™ Security Policy Page 1 of 16 Windows 7 BitLocker™ Drive Encryption Security Policy For FIPS 140-2 Validation For Windows 7 Document version 1.0 08/31/2011 1. Table of Contents 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 2 2.1 List of Cryptographic Modules ........................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Brief Module Description ................................................................................................................................... 3 2.3 Validated Platforms ........................................................................................................................................... 4 3. INTEGRITY CHAIN OF TRUST .......................................................................................................... 4 4. CRYPTOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES ..................................................................................................... 5 4.1 Overall Cryptographic Boundary........................................................................................................................ 5 4.2 BitLocker™ Components Included in the Boundary .......................................................................................... 5 4.3 Other Windows -
Partition - Partitioning a Hard Drive
Partition - Partitioning a hard drive What is a partition? The partitioning of a hard drive occurs after the drive has been physically formatted but before it is logically formatted. It involves creating areas on the disk where data will not be mixed. It can be used, for example, to install differentoperating systems that do not use the same file system. There will therefore be at least as many partitions as there are operating systems using different file systems. If you are using just one operating system, a single partition the full size of the disk is sufficient, unless you want create several partitions so as to have, for example, several drives on which data are kept separate. There are three types of partitions: primary partitions, extended partitions andlogical drives. A disk may contain up to four primary partitions (only one of which can be active), or three primary partitions and one extended partition. In the extended partition, the user can create logical drives (i.e. "simulate" several smaller-sized hard drives). Let's look at an example where the disk contains one primary partition and one extended partition made up of three logical drives (later we will look at multiple primary partitions): For DOS systems (DOS, Windows 9x), only the primary partition is bootable, and is therefore the only one on which the operating system can be started. Partitioning is the process of writing the sectors that will make up the partition table (which contains information on the partition: size in sectors, position with respect to the primary partition, types of partitions present, operating systems installed,...). -
Windows 10 Volume Licensing Overview
Edition & Licensing Details Windows 10 Desktop Editions Edition Benefits Delivery of Updates Deployment Options Path to buy Home • Familiar and personal experience • Windows Update • Current Branch • OEM • All-new browser great for doing things online • Retail/ESD Consumers & BYOD • New ways to get organized and be productive • Free upgrade1 • Up-to-date with latest security and features • Management for BYOD scenarios Pro • Management of devices and apps • Windows Update • Current Branch • OEM • Support for remote and mobile scenarios • Windows Update • Current Branch for Business • Retail/ESD Small, for Business lower mid-size • Cloud technologies for organizations • VL businesses • Update quality confidence with broad • WSUS • Free upgrade1 market validation Enterprise2 • Advanced security • Windows Update • Current Branch • VL • Full flexibility of OS deployment • Windows Update • Current Branch for Business Mid-size and large for Business enterprises • Advanced device and app management • Long Term Servicing Branch • Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack (MDOP) • WSUS 1. For qualified Windows 7/8.1 devices 2. Some of these benefits require Software Assurance Windows 10 Pro in Volume Licensing Windows 10 Pro in Volume Licensing is sold only as an upgrade Standalone upgrade licenses are available through Open License and Select Plus/MPSA. Requires a qualified underlying operating system license Current Branch/Current Branch for Business Qualifying Operating Systems The following operating systems qualify for the Windows 10 Pro Upgrade -
Change System Partition Drive Letter
Change System Partition Drive Letter superfluouslyExogamous Isaiah while sublettingJohn remains atop. aerological Diagnostic and Skippy vatic. pockets chock. Raiding Conway pressured very HowTo Remove the heat Reserved water from Windows. You may unsubscribe at constant time. This is already been copied right place it to lvm and other partitions of the main interface and backup of. If to install device drivers, from drives whose letter needs to be changed, in CONFIG. How should change in drive like from C to common other letter. To beg an existing drive page on a stocking on a mate or convene a. All comments containing links and certain keywords will be moderated before publication. Now persist for available letter and were missing, footer and needs to make sure where applications or in. Does a systems? Against the operating system subsequently changing the quote letter. Shows garbage instead. I don't suggest changing the SRP's permissions on a production computer. Saved hours tearing out. They system partitions with these letters changed, change drive partitioning changes, and a systems may occur when windows on a single partition and you? In the Disk Management window frame can typically right-click to partition the interest cost Change Drive Letters and Paths click bounce and. Stellar Data Recovery Toolkit is an advanced software, trusted by tech. We can fill it might help. Also learn with. They contain partitions like Primary partitions and Logical drives which are typically. Windows for my external USB device like a tame drive or USB stick. Disk Management Console can also provides ability to express drive letters or paths. -
ORACLE MAGAZINE Jonathan Vincenzo, Dan Vlamis Is PROVIDED on an “As Is” Basis
JULY/AUGUST 2010 Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g New release delivers business-driven IT management / 21 Deriving and Sharing BI Metadata Integrate Oracle Warehouse Builder 11g Release 2 information with Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition / 59 Automating Parallelism Take the guesswork out of setting the degree of parallelism for queries / 63 On Connecting, Pivoting, and Learning New Things Our technologist bypasses TNSNAMES.ORA, turns rows to columns, and ORACLE.COM/ORACLEMAGAZINE meets the NO_DATA_FOUND exception / 69 THE VIRTUAL ENTERPRISE From desktop to datacenter, Oracle o ers a complete virtualization solution Strategize. Plan. Execute. Gain more insight with Oracle’s enhanced enterprise performance management solution Java Hits the Road Learn the latest from Java luminaries as the Java Bus goes from code to coast One City, One Week, Three Conferences Oracle OpenWorld, JavaOne, and Oracle Develop converge on San Francisco September 19–23 JA10_cover_R1.indd 2 5/25/10 2:30:41 PM Untitled-2 1 3/22/10 8:42 PM Untitled-2 2 3/22/10 8:42 PM Oracle development PL/SQL Developer by Allround Automations. everywhere... PL/SQL Developer is the Oracle development tool that gives you maximum productivity, ease of use and all the features you need, for a reasonable price. Visit our website for additional details: www.allroundautomations.com/plsqldev 4 FEATURED CONTENT VOLUME XXIV - ISSUE 4 CONTENTS THE VIRTUAL ENTERPRISE /36 Virtualization—of desktop, server, or storage resources—requires a reliable infrastructure, solid plan, and strategic management. The payoffs include IT flexibility and efficiency, as well as server consolidation and lower energy costs. Learn how Oracle’s desktop-to-datacenter solutions can virtualize your enterprise. -
Mysql Network
MySQL Bests practices on Linux Serge Frezefond [email protected] Dir. Technique SUN / MySQL France Solution Linux 2009 Paris, 02-04-2009 Copyright 2006 MySQL AB The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database 1 Agenda • Architecture MySQL • DRBD Heartbeat • IO / File systems / ZFS • LVM for backups • Secure replication : checksum through SSL • Virtualization • Monitoring / Tuning • Linux memory : locking , swappiness • Dev MySQL on Linux. • Conclusion / Q&A Copyright 2009 SUN MySQL The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database 2 MySQL Architecture Copyright 2009 SUN MySQL The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database 3 MySQL : Storage Engines Partenaires InnoDB SolidBD for MySQL En cours : InfoBright – Brighthouse DWH ScaleDB NitroEDB AmazonS3 MemCache PrimeBase XT Moteur de stockage de Thinking Networks OpenOLAP Communautaire Copyright 2009 SUN MySQL The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database 4 MySQL easy install on linux • Rpm + repo • Yum install • Apt-get install • Or install from a tar.gz – allow any case of installation : multiple base dir / multiple instances per base dir • Automatic startup : – /etc/init.d/ + chkconfig (gestion des niveaux de rcx.d) Copyright 2009 SUN MySQL The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database 5 MySQL, Heartbeat & DRBD Cluster IP Management Active Passive DRBD DRBD Server Server Synchronous Block Replication Copyright 2009 SUN MySQL The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database 6 DRBD Service Service File System File System Buffer Cache Raw Device Raw Device Buffer Cache DRBD DRBD TCP/IP TCP/IP -
Bitlocker Management
BitLocker Management Vista Full Volume Encryption Feature Overview BitLocker - Full Volume Encryption Vista Enterprise and Ultimate AD management & Key backup options Save recovery password to USB, Printer, or File Share TPM 1.2 – Enables Drive Tampering Protection WMI Interface Vista Tool compatibility MS Boot Loader, System Restore, Disk Management BitLocker Tools Manage-bde.wsf - RTM Add / Remove key protectors Tools from MS Premier Support Site: BitLocker Drive Preparation BitLocker Recovery Password Viewer BitLocker Repair Tool Searches HD for unlinked FVEKs BitLocker Group Policy Computer Config\Admin Templates\Windows Components\BitLocker Drive Encryption AD Key Backup Options Backup Recovery Password to AD Backup Key Package to AD Require Backup to AD before encryption is enabled Backup Recovery Password to Share Recovery Options Require Creation of Recovery Password - Default Require Creation of Recovery Key Package - Default BitLocker Group Policy Advanced Options Allow BitLocker without TPM Startup Key or Pin with TPM Encryption Method AES 128 Diffuser – Default Prevent Memory Overwrite on Restart – Disabled TPM Platform Validation –7 Default Metrics Rom Code MBR Code – not partition table Boot Manager TPM Group Policy Computer Config\Admin Templates\System\ Trusted Platform Module Backup TPM Owner information to AD Require backup 3 settings related to TPM blocked commands BDE Security and Compatibility BitLocker Tips AD Backup only occurs when BDE is enabled Or when TPM is initialized -
Disks, Partitions, Volumes and RAID Performance with the Linux Operating System
Disks, Partitions, Volumes and RAID Performance with the Linux Operating System Michel R. Dagenais ([email protected]) Dept. of Computer Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal, (Quebec), Canada, H3C 3A7 Abstract Block devices in computer operating systems typically correspond to disks or disk partitions, and are used to store files in a filesystem. Disks are not the only real or virtual device which adhere to the block accessible stream of bytes block device model. Files, remote devices, or even RAM may be used as a virtual disks. This article examines several common combinations of block device layers used as virtual disks in the Linux operating system: disk partitions, loopback files, software RAID, Logical Volume Manager, and Network Block Devices. It measures their relative performance using different filesystems: Ext2, Ext3, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS,NFS. Introduction As Central Processing Units (CPU) rush into the multi Gigahertz frequency range, with several instructions issued per clock cycle, disks have long been predicted to be the weak link of the performance chain [1]. Fortunately, computer architects have concentrated on this weak link and file access performance has kept up with the CPU performance better than suggested by the disk seek time alone. Not only are disks a crucial aspect of performance, this is where all the persistent information is stored. Their organisation strongly impacts the maintenance required (e.g. moving files when a disk is full, recovering data upon disk failure) and the survivability to crashes (e.g. accidental reboot). A number of block device layers may be used to obtain a more flexible organisation than one device per physical disk [2] [3] (e.g. -
Rethink Storage with Sun Storage 7000 Systems
An Oracle White Paper January 2010 Rethink Storage with Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems Oracle White Paper⎯Rethink Storage with Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 Open Storage...................................................................................... 3 What Is Open Storage?................................................................... 3 Advantages of Open Source Software............................................ 4 Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems....................................... 4 Breaking Through Economic and Performance Barriers................. 5 Taking Advantage of Solid-State Disks with Oracle Solaris ZFS .... 6 Hybrid Storage Pools ...................................................................... 6 Radically Simple Storage ................................................................ 7 Most Comprehensive Self-Healing Storage System ....................... 8 Business Value of Hybrid Storage Pools ........................................ 9 Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems Configurations......... 10 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 12 Oracle White Paper⎯Rethink Storage with Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems Introduction The rapid growth of new digital data demands new storage architectures that offer more flexibility and radically different storage economics. IDC, a technology research firm, estimates -
12. File-System Implementation
12.12. FiFilele--SystemSystem ImpImpllemeemenntattatiionon SungyoungLee College of Engineering KyungHeeUniversity ContentsContents n File System Structure n File System Implementation n Directory Implementation n Allocation Methods n Free-Space Management n Efficiency and Performance n Recovery n Log-Structured File Systems n NFS Operating System 1 OverviewOverview n User’s view on file systems: ü How files are named? ü What operations are allowed on them? ü What the directory tree looks like? n Implementor’sview on file systems: ü How files and directories are stored? ü How disk space is managed? ü How to make everything work efficiently and reliably? Operating System 2 FileFile--SySysstemtem StrStruucturecture n File structure ü Logical storage unit ü Collection of related information n File system resides on secondary storage (disks) n File system organized into layers n File control block ü storage structure consisting of information about a file Operating System 3 LayeLayerreded FFililee SystemSystem Operating System 4 AA TypicalTypical FFileile ControlControl BlockBlock Operating System 5 FileFile--SySysstemtem ImImpplementationlementation n On-disk structure ü Boot control block § Boot block(UFS) or Boot sector(NTFS) ü Partition control block § Super block(UFS) or Master file table(NTFS) ü Directory structure ü File control block (FCB) § I-node(UFS) or In master file table(NTFS) n In-memory structure ü In-memory partition table ü In-memory directory structure ü System-wide open file table ü Per-process open file table Operating -
CS 378 (Spring 2003)
Department of Computer Sciences THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN CS 378 (Spring 2003) Linux Kernel Programming Yongguang Zhang ([email protected]) Copyright 2003, Yongguang Zhang This Lecture • Linux File System – Overview – Four basic data structures (superblock, inode, dentry, file) • Questions? Spring 2003 © 2003 Yongguang Zhang 2 Using File Systems in UML (1) · You need a block device ± In UML: a block device can be emulated by a file ± Create a file (say, 4M in size) dd if=/dev/zero of=new_fs bs=1M count=4 · Run UML with the new block device ± With command line argument ubd1= ./linux ubd0=... ubd1=new_fs ... ± Look at /dev/ubd/: usermode:~# ls -l /dev/ubd total 0 brw-rw---- 1 root root 98, 0 Dec 31 1969 0 brw-rw---- 1 root root 98, 1 Dec 31 1969 1 Spring 2003 © 2003 Yongguang Zhang 3 Using File Systems in UML (2) · Create a new file system on the new block device ± Make a MSDOS file system: /projects/cs378.ygz/bin/mkdosfs -S 1024 -v /dev/ubd/1 ± Make a MINIX file system mkfs.minix /dev/ubd/1 ± Make a EXT2 file system mkfs.ext2 /dev/ubd/1 ± Disaster aware: never mistype as /dev/ubd/0 Spring 2003 © 2003 Yongguang Zhang 4 Using File Systems in UML (3) · You need a mount point ± Usually under /mnt mkdir /mnt/test · Mount the new block device (with filesystem) ± Give the block device file, and the mount point mount /dev/ubd/1 /mnt/test · Sysadmin tools for file systems ± mount ± umount /mnt/test Spring 2003 © 2003 Yongguang Zhang 5 Linux File Systems • The kernel subsystem that manage file system directories in kernel and external memory