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ODISHA REVIEW VOL. LXXIII NO.1 AUGUST - 2016 MANORANJAN PANIGRAHY, I.R.S. Commissioner-cum-Secretary SUSHIL KUMAR DAS, O.A.S, ( SAG) Director DR. LENIN MOHANTY Editor Editorial Assistance Production Assistance Bibhu Chandra Mishra Debasis Pattnaik Bikram Maharana Sadhana Mishra Cover Design & Illustration D.T.P. & Design Manas Ranjan Nayak Hemanta Kumar Sahoo Photo Kishor Kumar Sinha Raju Singh Manoranjan Mohanty The Odisha Review aims at disseminating knowledge and information concerning Odisha’s socio-economic development, art and culture. Views, records, statistics and information published in the Odisha Review are not necessarily those of the Government of Odisha. Published by Information & Public Relations Department, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar - 751001 and Printed at Odisha Government Press, Cuttack - 753010. For subscription and trade inquiry, please contact : Manager, Publications, Information & Public Relations Department, Loksampark Bhawan, Bhubaneswar - 751001. Rs.5/- Five Rupees / Copy E-mail : [email protected] Visit : http://odisha.gov.in Contact : 9937057528(M) CONTENTS Good Governance ... 1 Mahatma Gandhi and Sustainable Development Satya Narayana Sahu ... 6 Eminent Freedom Fighter Parbati Giri Kunja Bihari Sahu ... 15 Tribal Women's Struggle Against British Raj : A Study on Koraput Dr. Binodini Das ... 19 Re-Reading Netaji Subhas in the Context of Imphal Expedition Dr. Somarani Chand ... 22 Role of Women in the Freedom Movement in Western Odisha : Some Reflections Dr. Priyambada Hota ... 26 Nelson Mandela –An Apostle of Peace Dr. Bishnupriya Padhi ... 32 Biju Patnaik and his Tibetan Phantoms Anil Dhir ... 41 Literary Significance of History : Pandit Nilakantha Das’s Konarke (1919), a Case Study Dr. Shruti Das ... 45 Everyone's Digital Curricula : ePathshala Dr. Sanghamitra Deobhanj ... 54 e- Agriculture Dr. Manas Ranjan Senapati ... 59 Fakir Mohan Senapati and His Contribution to Odia Language K. Sudharani Nayak ... 61 Still There is Hope Ar. Ipsita Dash ... 65 Tribal Resistance Movement Against British Imperialism : Role of Saheed Madho Singh Dr. Himansu Sekhar Padhi ... 69 Tribal Resistance in Post-Independence Odisha Sabitri Sethy ... 77 The Role of Odia Women in Salt Satyagraha : Sarala Devi Pradeep Kumar Giri ... 84 Freedom Struggle Movement in the Novels of Nityananda Mohapatra Dr. Sarbeswar Sena ... 89 Gandhian Inspiration and Role of Odia Women Folk in National Movement Dr. Janmejay Choudhury ... 93 Freedom Fighters and their life in Prison – A Study of Bhanjanagar Jail Dr. Sirisa Kumar Shadangi ... 96 Saiva Images of Sonepur Sangeeta Mishra ... 104 Ghumsar Resistance Against British Imperialism Dr. Rabindra Nath Dash ... 110 Odisha Update ... 115 National Song Vande Mataram ! Sujalam, suphalam, malayaja shitalam, Shasyashyamalam, Mataram ! Shubhrajyothsna pulakitayaminim, Phullakusumita drumadala shobhinim, Suhasinim sumadhura bhashinim, Sukhadam varadam, Mataram ! The song, Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji, was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It has an equal status with Jana-gana-mana. The first political occasion when it was sung was the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. National Anthem Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he, Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Punjab-Sindhu-Gujarat-Maratha, Dravida-Utkala-Banga, Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga. Tava shubha name jage, Tava shubha asisa mage, Gahe tava jaya gatha, Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he! The playing time of the full version of the National Anthem is approximately 52 seconds. A short version consisting of first and last lines of the stanza (playing time approximately 20 seconds) is also played on certain occasions. The song, Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on January 24, 1950. It was first sung on December 27, 1911 at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas. National Flag The national flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a navy blue charkha or the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Its diameter approximates to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes. The design of the national flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on July22, 1947. Its use and display are regulated by the Indian Flag Code. MARTYRS OF ODISHA Jayee Rajguru Veer Surendra Sai (1739-1805) (23.01.1809 - 28.02.1884) Birsa Munda Baji Rout Raghunath Mohanty (Died in Ranchi jail in June 1900) (Shot dead on 11.10.1938) (18.07.1910 - 04.04.1941 hanged) Dibakara Parida Laxman Naik (30.11.1911 - 04.04.1941 hanged) (22.11.1899-29.03.1943 hanged) Message of Dr. S.C. Jamir Hon'ble Governor of Odisha On the Occasion of Independence Day - 2016 As the nation prepares to celebrate its 70th Independence Day of our country, I convey my sincere and hearty greetings to all my sisters and brothers of Odisha. On this august occasion, let us all pay our respectful homage to the Father of the Nation, all our great patriots and eminent nationalist leaders and renew our pledge to rededicate ourselves to the cause of nation building. Let us not forget that the contribution of Odisha to the Indian Freedom Struggle was no less significant. The ceaseless struggle of our patriots in the historic freedom movement has always been a matter of great pride for us. Many a virtuous leaders from our State have led the national freedom struggle from the front and inspired many more to join this freedom struggle. Our nationalist leaders exhibited their valour in fighting against the British rule. Our independence has paved the way for our progress, development and holistic growth in all spheres. Reduction of poverty cutting across different regions and segments of society has been the hallmark of our growth which is inclusive, holistic and accelerative. The pace of poverty reduction in the State has been the highest in the country compared to any other region. The state economy has grown at an average annual rate of about 9% in real terms during 2000-2015, as against about 3% during the period 1951-2000. Agriculture remains a priority sector for us because of its high potential in employment generation and inclusive and sustainable growth. The name of the Agriculture Department has been changed to the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Empowerment to sharpen focus on empowerment of farmers for their overall development through various activities. A separate budget for Agriculture with enhanced allocation in the agriculture and allied sector, an Agriculture Cabinet to address the issues of self-sufficiency in food grain production, employment creation, enhanced productivity through timely seed replacement, water management, firm mechanization and technology transfer have been the key interventions with which the Government is all set to boost agricultural production in the State. As Irrigation is the main input for agricultural development, the State Government has taken up various irrigation programmes that has resulted in creation of more than 3 lakh hectres of additional irrigation facility during the last two years. All these initiatives have resulted in robust growth of the agricultural sector with record agricultural productions. Odisha has received the prestigious “Krushi Karman Award” for the 4th time during the last five years. To make Odisha one of the most preferred investment destinations globally, the Government has diversified its industrial base with value added sectors, and an industrial land bank of one lakh acres has been created. A new Industrial policy with a slew of unique incentives has also been brought out. Three large investment regions at Kalinganagar, Paradeep and Dhamra have been developed, and we are now the only state in the country to have a Strategic partnership with TiE Silicon Valley. Country’s largest Steel Plant of TATA STEEL has been made operational at Kalinganagar in Jajpur district. Our investor friendly policies and the ease of doing business framework have made Odisha a competitive and attractive “Manufacturing Hub of the East.” In the last Make in India campaign in Mumbai, the State has been able to attract investments worth Rupees 70,000 crores, a majority of it coming from the non-mineral sector. The State Government is according top priority in providing affordable, accessible and equitable health care services to its people located even in the far-flung areas through its free drug distribution Scheme, “Niramaya’, establishment of 6 new Medical Colleges at Bolangir, Baripada, Balasore, Puri, Keonjhar and Koraput and providing treatment facility for Cancer and Psychiatric patients now in all the District Headquarters Hospitals. Shelter security in rural Odisha has been very effectively addressed through “Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana” and the recently launched Biju Pucca Ghar (mining) Yojana for the villages affected by mining operations in the 8 mineral bearing districts of the State, Nirman Shramik Pucca Ghar Yojana for the construction workers and other housing schemes. 1 million kutcha houses have been converted into pucca houses during the last two years. By extending “Gopabandhu Grameen Yojana” to all the districts of the State with substantial fund allocation, to address the basic infrastructure needs of Sadak, Bijli and Pani in the villages. The State has launched “Awaas”, the Odisha Urban Housing Mission to provide affordable housing to the economically weaker sections in the urban areas of Odisha. Another pro-people initiative “Aahar” has been launched in all districts of the State covering 62 urban areas and 44 District Headquarters Hospitals. The capital city Bhubaneswar has been ranked as Number One in the country in the Smart City Competition.