A Select Bibliography

SUDHA GOPALAKRISHNAN

I. PRIMARY SOURCES A. Sanskrit Plays Bhasa, The Thirteen Trivandrum Plays Attributed to Bhasa. Trans . A.C. Woolner and Lakshman Sarup. London: Oxford University Press. 1930. ....Plays Ascibed to Bhasa. c.d. Devadhan. Poona: Oriental Book Agency. 1937. Bodhayana. Bhagavadajj ukam. Ed. P. Anujan Achan, Trichur : 1924. Harsha. Sri Harsha 's Plays. Trans. Bak Kunbae. Delhi. Asia Publishing House. 1964. Kulasekharavarman. Subhadradhananjayam. Ed. T. Ganapati Sastri, Trivandrum Sanskrit" Series XIII, Trivandrum : 1912. ....Tapottsamvaranam. Ed. T. Ganapati Sastri. Trivandrum Sanskrit" Series XI. Trivandrum, 191J. Mahendravikramavarman. Mattavilasa Prahasana. Ed.T. Ganapati Sastri. Trivandrum Sanskrit Series No. LV. Tri vandrum, 1917. Saktibhadra. Ascharyachudamani. Ed. KP. Narayana Pisharoti. Trichur : Kerala Sangeeta Nataka Akademi, 1967. II. ~Il a p ra ka ras and Kramadipikas. (i) Malayalam

Krishnachandran, V.R. ed. Purusharathakoothu. Trichur : Kerala Sahitya Akaderni, 1978. Kunjan Pillai, Suranat. ed. Asokavanikankam Attaprakaram. Bhashagranth avali 95. Tri vandrum : Kerala University. 1968. Narayanan Narnbiar, P.K. ed.Mantrankam. Trichur : Kerala Sahitya Akademi, 1980. Naraya na Pisharoti , K P. ed. Ascharyachudamani: Attaprakara & Kramadipika. Tri chur : Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi, 1967. ,...Subhadradhananjayam ', Onnamankam. Trichur : Geeta Press. 1954. ....Abhishekanatakattinte Krarnadipika, Keli. Trichur : Sangeetha Nataka Akademi (being serialized). Satyavratan, Aranmula, ed. Asokavanikankom Attaprakaram. Kottayam: National Book Stall. 1967.

(ii) English

Jones, Clifford Reis & Narnboothiripad, Leela, eds. Ascharyachudamani : The Wondrous Crest Jewel in Performance. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1984. Venu, C. ed, Production ofa Play in Kutiyattam. Documentation of Kutiyattam Series J. BIBU OGRAPHY 2JS

Irinjalakkuda : Natan akairali, 1989. II. SECONDARY SOURCES A. Mala yalam (I) Books Arnmaman Tarnpuran, Koothum Kutiyattavum. Trichur : Vellakkal Narayana Menon, 1110 (M.E.) Appukkuttan Nair. D. ed. Margi Souvenir (1976). Madhava Chakyar, Mani. Natyakatpadrumam. Kottayam : National Book Stall, 1975. Narayan a Pisharoti, KP. Koothambalangalil. Trichur : Kairali Press, 1981. . (ii) Articles

Appukkuttan Nair. D. "Kutiyattam", Margi Souvenir (197 1). pp. 21-41. .i.:'Kutiyattattile Abhinayam", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp. xv-xvi...... Koothambalangal", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp. xi-xiv. ...."Likhitang alilum Pracheenasahityattilurn Koothineyum Kutiyattatteyum Paltiyulla Paramarsangal'', Margi Souvenir (1976). ...."Kutiyattattinupayo gikkunna Adharagran thangal", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp. vii-ix. ...,"Praban dhakkoothu ", Margi Souvenir (1976). p. xvii-xix. .i.."Narnbiar, Nangiar Ennivarute Pankalittarn", Marg) Souvenir (1976). p. xx-xxii. ...."Natankusam Enna Kulsitakriti", Margi Souvenir (1976). p. xxiii. Ayyappa Paniker, K " KeralttiJe Vachikh yanaparampry am", Ka/akeli Dr.' S.K. Nair Smaranika. Konayam, D.C. Books. J985. pp. 22-41. Bhattathiripad, Ammini. "Kutiyattam", Margi Souvenir (1976) pp. 1·6. Ezhuttachan, K.N. "Koo thum Kutiyattavurn", Matrubhumi Weekly ( 1950). Kunjunni Raja. K. "Natankusarn", Ka/ake/i. Dr. S.K.Nair Smarankika. Madh ava Chaky ar, lrinjalakkuda, "Kutiyattarn Kshetrangalil", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp.7-1O. Menon, KP.S. "Prarnukha Chakyar Kutumbang alum Chakyanmarum", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp . 11-22. Narayanan Nambi ar, P.K. "Kutiyattatrile TaJarnelangal", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp.55-57. Narayana Pisharo ti, K.P. "Kutiyattattile Vidushakan". Margi Souvenir (1976). pp. 33-36. Rama Ch aky ar, PainkuJam. " Kuuyarianile Ragangal (Svarangal)", Margi Souvenir (1976). pp. 23-32. .. Sarm a, V.S. "Talavum Melavum Kutiyattatril", Sangeetika (1980). pp. 75·99.

B. English (i) Books . Kunjunni Raja. Kutiyattam- An Introduction- Delhi, Sangeet Natak Akademi:1964. Nirmal a Paniker. Nangiar Koothu. Documenta tion of Kutiyallum Senes 2. Irinjalakkuda: 236 SUDHA GOPALAKRISHNA/i

Natanakairali, 1992. Pancha!, Govardhan, Koothambalam. Paulose, K.G. Ed. & Trans. Narankusam. Tripunithura: Government Sanskrit College. 1993. Unni, N.P. Sanskrit Dramas of Kulnsekhara: A Study_ Trivandrum : Kerala Historical Society, 1977 .

(Ii) Articles Appukkuttan Nair. D. "Abhinaya in Kutiyattam" Theatre India . Trichur: Kerala Sangeetha Natak a Akademi, 1977...... Abhina ya in Kutiyattam: ASequel", Tiru varang. ...: ·Shasa's Plays in Kutiyattam:" Unpublished Paper. Byrski Christopher M. "Is Kutiyattarn a Museum Piece? Sangteet Natak (5). Chandrahasan. K.A." Kutiyattarn: The Traditional Sanskri t Th eatre of Kerala" . Purnatrayi (Vol. XVII, No. I). Ezhuttassan, K.N. "Inscriptional and Literary References to K uttu" . Kutlyottam Seminar Abstracts. Kerala Kalamandalam (1966). Gopalakrishn an, Sudha, "Kutiyattam and its Correspondence to the Natya Sastra", Sang eet Natak 88 (April- June 1988) pp. 32-38. "Kutiyallam and Noh: Commonalities and Divergences? '. Sangeel Natak 99 (Jan-March 1991) pp. 35-43. Jones.Clifford R. 'The Kuttarnpalam or Temple Theatre in Kerala". Kutiyauam Seminar Abstracts. Kerala Kalamandalam (1966). Jones. Cliffond R."Temple Theatre and the Sanskrit Tradition in Kera la." Sa nskrit ranga Annual b ( 1972) ...:·Notes on the Restorat ion of a Temple Theatre for Sanskrit Drama:' Journal.of the National Centre fo r Pearforming Arts. vol. II. No.2 (1975 ). ...: ·A Patterns for Survival: Literary and Epigraphical References to the Chakyars custodion s of Sanskrit drama in the Temp le of Kerala." Univ. of Pennsylvania. .i.. "Source Material for the Construction of the Natyamandapa in the Silparatna and tantrasarnucchaya, Silpabhagam." Journal of the American Oriental Society. Vol. 43, No.3 (July-Sep. 1973). pp 286-2% . Krishnan Narnboothiripad. P.e. "The Ritual and Religious Aspects of Kutiyatrarn'.. . Kutiyanam Seminar Abstracts. Kerala Kalarnandalam (1966). Kunjunni Raj a. K. 'The Staging of Sanskrit Plays in the Tradi tional Sanskrit Theatre", Samskrita Ranga Annual 2 ( 1959-60). .Madhava Chnkyar, Mani. "Means of Editing or Conde nsing Kutiyattarn Plays within the Traditional Structure". Kutiyuttam Seminar Abstracts. Kerala Kalamandalam (1966). Madhava Chakyar, Irinjalakkud a, "Lineages of Chakyar Families". Kutiya uam Seminar Abstracts. Mathur, J.e. "Inside a Temple Theatre." Sangeet Natak , 1'\0. 26 (1973). alBUOGRAPHY 237

Menon, K.P.S. "Aspects of the Development of Kathakali in relation to its Protofonn in Kutiyattarn". Kutiyanam Seminar Abstracts. Narayanan Nambiar. "Thalam and Vadyam in Kutiyanam" Kutiyattam Seminar Abstracts. Narayana Panikkar, Kavalam. "Thouryathrikarn on the Traditi~a1 Stage of Kerala," Souvenir of the All India Theatre Festival (1977). Narayana Pisharoti, KP. "Attaprakarams and Ktamadipikas: Their Dates and Contents". Kutiyattam Seminar Abstracts. Panchal, Govardhan."Koothampalam: Sanskrit Stage of Kerala", Sangteet Natak: 8 (April-June 1968). Panchal, Govardhan, "Kutiyattarn and its Links with the Classical Sanskrit ~ " Journal ofthe Oriental Institute, Baroda Vol. 26, No.2 (1977). .i,"Kuttanpalan and its Links with Bharatas Stage". Jouma' ofthe National Centre for Performing Am, Vol. VI, No. I (1977). ..-:"Kutiyattarn: The Sanskril Dramatic Tradition of Ketala. The India Magaune (Aug. 1984). .i;"Kutiyattam and its Links with Classical Sanskrit Literature"Journal of the Oriental Research Institute (Vol. XXV/). Paulose, KG. "Kutiyattam: A Historical Study" Purjatrayi(Vol.xvn.No.2) Pisharoty, KN. "Kutiyattarn", Kutiyattam Seminar Abstracts. Raghavan, V. "Kutiyartarn: lIS Form and Significance as Sanskrit Drama". Samskrita Ranga Annual S, (196Mi7). Rajagopalan, L.S. "Music in Kootiyattam", Sangeet Narak10 (Oct-Dec. 1968). Raghavan, V. "Kutiyattam." Natya Vol. VI, No.3 (1963). Rama Chakyar, Painkulam. "Exposition of Present Stage Technique in Kutiyattarn" Kutiyattam Seminar Abstracts. "Musical Aspects of Kutiyattam; Kutiyattam Seminar Abstracts. Rama Pisharoti, R. "Ketala Theatre." loumal ofthe Annamalai University(1934). Richmond, Farley. 'The Rites of Passage in Kutiyattarn." Sangeet Natak: 50 (1978). Richmond, Farley and Yasmin Richmond. Space in Kutiyauam-the Sanskrit Theatre of Kerala. (Unpublished Paper). . Sreedharan Nambhoodiri, Kurumappilli- "Mantrankam" Kutiyattam SeminarAbstracts. Unni, !'l.P. "Nagananda on the KeraJaStage" Pumatrayi (Vol. XVIINo. I). Vatsyayan, Kapila. "Kutiyattam", Traditional Indian Theatre: Multiple Streams, Kottayam: National Book Trust. 1980. Rajagopalan, L.S. Eloquent Eyes-Bhava Abhinayain Kutiyaltarn. Mardas; Journalof the Music Academy (1974). . Unni, N.P. "Mattavilasa on the Kerala Stage." Journal ofKerala Studies, Vol. I, No. I (1973). Unpublished Theses Gilchriest Hatch, emily. The Kathakali: The Indigenous Drama of Malabar Cornell 238 SUDHA GOPALAKRISHNAN

University, 1934. Jones. Clifford R. The Temple Theatre ofKerala: Its History and Description. University of Pennsylvamia (1967). Nombudripad, P.c. Kutiyattam. Madras University. Directory of Kutiyattam Artistes: 20th Century

MARG! MADHU MTI UNNIKRISHNAN

A. Performers: Male. Ammannur Chachu Chakyar (1880-1967): Trained under Cherlya Parisha Parameswara Chakyar. Specialized in Prabandha Kiittu and as Vidushaka. Guru of Ammannur Madhava Chakyar and PainkularnRama Chakyar. Ammannur Kochukuttan Chaky ar (alias MoozhikuJam) (1928- ): Studied under Ammannnur Unnichakyar, Kunjunni Chakyar, Kallangasa Narayana Pisharori, Kunjunni Kartha, Kidangur Narayana Chakyar, Painkulam Narayana Chakyar, Ammannur Madhava Chakyar. Mani Madbava Cbakyar. Received State and Central Sangeet Natak Akademi Award. Kerala Kalarnandalam Award. Specialist in Vidushaka roles and Prabandha Kuttu. Revived many rare items at Margi. Ammannur Kuttan Chakyar: b. 1950: Studied under Madhava Chakyar and Parmeswara Chakyar; also performed abroad. Fellowship of Ministry of Culture. Teaches at Ammannur Gurukularn. Ammannur Madbava Chakyar: b. 1917; Studied under Madhava Chakyas and Chachu Chakyar, Bhagavatar Kunjunni of Kodungallur Kovilakam. Major roles include Bali in Balivadham, Performed outside Kerala and abroad. Padrnashri, Kalidas Sarnman, Awards from State and Central Sange';t Natak Akademis. Virashrinkhala, Prabandha Vachaspati, Taught at Kerala Kalamandalam and at Margi, Now Head at Ammannur Gurukulam. Among his contributions are the Attaprakarams or performance manuals for Pamasalankam, Mayasitankam, and the Seventh Act of Ascharyachudamani. Ammannur Parameswara Chakyar: b. 1915; Studied under his uncles. Notable role: Hanuman in Anguliyankarn Does not perform outside temples. Kerala Sangeet Natak Akademi Award. Chakyar, P.N.N. b. 1952; of Pothiyil family. Studied under Mani Madhava Chakyar. Teacher. Ministry of Culture Fellowship. Cherlya Parisha Rama Chakyar (1854-1940): Trained by uncles Madhava Chakyar and Parameswar Chakyar, Main roles: Pacha, Katti and Pazhukka. The first to present Jatayuvadbankarn. Cherlya Parisha Raman Narayana Chakyar (1901-1979): Studied under Kidangur Rama Chakyar and Parameswara Chakyar and under Kidangur Rama Pisharoti. Major roles: Sugriva in Balivadham and Hanuman in Toranayuddhankarn Received Kalaratnam title from Travancore Devaswom Board. Kalamandalam Narayana Chakyar: b. 1960; of the Koypa family. Studied at Kerala J(.bm. ndalam under Painkularn Rama Chakyar. Main roles: Jatayu, Hanuman. 24l) MARGt MADHU AND UNNIKRIS~AN

Kalamandalam RadhaIcrishnan : b. 1962; Studied at Kerala Kalamandalam under Painlrulam Rama Chakyar and Kalamandalam Sivan Nambudiri and Rama Chakyar. Ministry of Culture Fellowship. KaIarnandaiam Rama Chakyar: b. 1950; Son of Ammannur Parameswara Chakyar. Studied at Kerala KalamandaIam under Painkulam Rama Chakyar. Teaches at Kerala Kalamandalam. Has performed overseas also. Kalamandalam Ravindran: b. 1966; Studied al Kerala Kalamandalam under Kalamandalam Sivan Nambudiri and Rama Chakyar, continued training under Ammannur Madhava Chakyar. Ministry of Culture Fellowship. Main roles: Hanuman in Balivadham and Ramilakan in Bhagavadajjukiyam. KaIamandaiam Sivan Nambudiri: The first non-Chakyar to study Kii!iya!!am. Studied under Painkulam Rama Chakyar. Teaches at Kalarnandalam. Main roles: Ravana and Arjuna, Has performed overseas also. . Koypa Narayana Chakyar; b. 1893; Studied under Cheriya Parisha Rama Chakyar and Kidangur Rama Pisharoti. Proficient in oral rendering. Notable role: Surpanakha in Surpanakhankam. Kuttancheri Cheriya Narayana Chakyar (1898-1930): Studied under his uncles and under Pottayil Govinda Menon. Specialized in the verbal delivery of Kuttu, Mani Damodara Chakyar: (1890-1958): Expert in Atiyantira Kuttu (ritual performance in temples), Presented Anguliyankam more than 100 times and Mattavilasam over 500 times. Mani Damodara Chakyar: b. 1946; Studied under Mani Madhava Chakyar. Has a Masters degree. Working as teacher. Senior Fellowship of Ministry of Culture. Main roles: Udayana in Swapnankam and Jimutavahana in Nagananda. Mani Madhava Chakyar (1898-1990): Studied under Vasu Nambeesan, Pannisseri Sankaran Nambudiri, Parikshit Rama Varma Tampuran. Performed outside Kerala and abroad 100. 'Received KaIidas Samman, President's Award, Padmashri, Awards from Kerala Sangeet Natak Akademi , Sangeet Natak Akademi, Kerala Kalamandalam, Virashrinkhala from various temples, Natyacharya, Vidhushakaratnam titles. Author of Natyakalpadrumam: Taught rasabhinaya 10 Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair. Among his disciples are Ammannur (Moozhikulam) Kochukuttan Chakyar, Mani Damodara Chakyar, Pothiyal Narayana Chakyar, etc. . Mani Narayana Chakyar (1873-1941): Known as Naganandam Narayana Chakyar for successful performance in the play Nagananda, Proficient in acting as well as oral delivery. Mani Neelakanta Chakyar (1859-1943 ): Famous for histrionics. Superb in rasabhinaya and cholliyattam. Mani Vasu Chakyar (1888-1950): Proficient in Prabandha Kuttu Major role; Vidushaka. Mani Vasunni Cbakyar (1870-1930): Proficient in acting in Mantrankam, Mattavilasarn and Anguliankam. Specialist in aharya or costume design. Margi Madhu: b. 1966; Studied at Pothiyil family. Kerala Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship. Intensive training at Margi under Ammannur Madbava Chakyar and Kochukuttan Chakyar. Currently specializing in Mantrankarn under P.K. Narayanan DIRECTORY OF Kl!IlYAITAMARTISTeS 141

Nambiar. Ministry of Culture fellowship. Performed in India and abroad. Specializes in acting and oral delivery. Margi Narayanan Sajeev; b. 1964: Studied at Pothiyil family. Intensive training at Margi under Ammannur Madhava Chakyar and Kochukuttan Chakyar. Good in roles like Bali and Jatayu. Margi Raman: b. 1962; Early training under Madhava Chakyar. Continued training at Margi. Main roles: Shri Rama in Surpanakhankam and Vibhishana in Toranayuddhankam. Narayana Chakyar P.N.: b. 1931: Studied under Pothiyil Pararneswara Chakyar and Mani Madhava Chakyar. Proficient in Kuttu. Neelakanta Chakyar, P.V.: b. 1923; of the Mani family. Studied under Mani Madhava Chakyar, Mani Narayana Chakyar, and Kochampalli Raman Nambiar, Performs regularly in temples. Received Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award. Painlrulam Rama Chakyar (-1980): Born in the Koypa family. Studied under Ammannur Chachu Chakyar. Proficient in acting and in oral delivery. Guru at Kerala Kalamandalam. Performed outside Kerala and abroad. Received Kerala Kalamandalam Award. Main roles: Ravana, Surpanakha, Vidushaka, etc, Pothiyil Kochunarayana Chakyar (1862-1923): Equally proficient in acting and in oral delivery. Guru of the Kathakali actor Thakazhi Sankaran Nambudiri. Pothiyal Narayana Chakyar: b. 1966;Early training at Ammannur Gurukulam. Continued training at Margi. Pothiyil Parameswara Chakyar (7): Studied under Pothiyil Narayana Chakyar and Ammannur Chachu Chakyar. The only expert in rare items like Dutaghatotkflcha and Dutavakya. Rama Chakyar, C.N.: b. 1927; of the Kidangur family. Trained under PainlruJam Narayana Chakyar, Rama Chakyar and Kidangur Rama Chakyar. Performs in temples. One ofthe few who can present Mantrankarn in its entirety. G. Venu: b. 1946; Disciple of Ammannur Madhava Chakyar and PararneswaraChakyar. Director of Natana Kairali. Looks after the programmes at Ammannur Gurulrulam. Main roles: Hanuman, Surpanakha, etc, Author ofProduction of a Playin Ksuiyattam:

B. Performers: Fe11U1le. Kalamandalam Girija: b 1959; Studied at Keral. KaIarnandalam under Painkulam Rama Chakyar and later under Kunjipillakutty Nangiaramma. Teaches at Kerala Kalamandalarn . Performed overseas also. The first artiste outside the Nangiar community to study Kiipya!!atn. KaIarnandaiarn Sailaja: b.I961; Studied at Kerala Kalamandalarnunder PainlrulamRama Chakyar. Teaches at Kerala KaIamandaiam. Important roles: Subhadra in Subhadra Dhananjaya, Cheti or maid in Bhagavadiljjukiya. Kunjimalu Nangyararnma (1906-1981): of the Kochampally family. A highly-rated performer offemale roles in Kiipya~ and Nangiar Kiittu. . . Kunjipillaikutty Nangiararnma: of the Vilvattathu family. Equally adept 10 Kutiyattarn and Nangiar Kiittu. Proficient in reciting slokas. ~l MARGI MADHU AND UNSIKRISHNAK

Maja Nangiaramma (1955); Of the Kochampally family. Acted as Nayika or heroine and Cheri or maid. Proficient in reciting slokas. Margi Sathi: b 1963; Studied at Kerala Kalarnandalam under Painkulam Rarna Chakyar, Continues at Margi under Ammannur (Moozhikulam) Kochukuttan Chakyar. Main roles: Sita in Mayasitankam, Lalita in Surpanakhankam Performed outside Kerala and Overseasas well. Nangyeli Nangiaramma (1874-1933): Most famous role-Malayavati in Naganandam. Expert in the intricate abhinaya of kettijnazhal, having presented it on more than l6 occasions. Nangyeli Nangiaramma (1890- 1969): An active artiste whose main role was that Cheri or maid in Nagananda. Parvathi Nangiaramma: h. 1911; Sisler of Kunjimalu Nangiaramma and equally gifted. Subhadra Nangiararnma: Of the Vilvattathu family of Nambiars. Could perform Kettijnathal. Received Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akadenti Award. Still performs. Thangam Nangyaramma ( ): Of the Edanad family of Nambiars. Performs Nangiar Kuttu in the olden style. Thankamma Nangiararnma: b. 1921; Daughter of Kunjimalu Nagiaramma. Proficient in Sanskrit. Could perform Kettijnazhal. Usha Nangiar: b. 1968; Disciple of Ammannur Madhava Chakyar. Graduate. Chief roles: Tara in Balivadham and Lalita in Surpanakhankam Performed widely in India and abroad. Usha Ratnam: b. 1%6; Studied at Kerala Kalamandalam under Kalamandalam Girija and Sailaja. Now studying at Margi.

C. Percussionists Chathakutam Govindan Nambiar: Expert as mizhavu player. Chathakutarn Krishnan Nambiar: b. 1924; Active in the profession at Kera1a Kalamandalarn and Ammann ur Gumkulam. Received Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akaderni Award. Chengamanad Kunjan Nambiar ( -1944): wasa very active artiste. Edanadu Govindan Narnbiar : Expert miihavu player and Pathakarn artiste. Edanadu Narayanan Narnbiar : Popular mizhavu and Pathakarn artiste. Kalamandalarn Achuthanandan : b. 1972; Studied at Kerala Kalarnandalarn. Now working at Margi. KaJarnandala Eswaranunni Wartie r: b. 1957; Studied at Kerala KaJarnandalam. Teaches at Kerala Kalarnandalam. Kalarnandalarn Hariharan: b. 1965; Studied at Kerala Kalamandalam. Now works at Ammannur Gurukulam. . Kalamandalam Ramanunni : b. 1974; Studied at Kerala Kalamandalam. Now works at Margi. Kalarnandalam Unnikrishnan Narnbiar. b. 1954; Studied first under uncle Narayanan Narnbiar and Jater at Kerala Kalarnandalarn. Worked al Ammannur Gurukulam. Now works at Margi. Expert in Pathakarn (oral narration ofpuranas) and alsoin costume and make-up. DIRECTORY OFKUTIYAITAM ARllSlES m

Kanakkavil Krishnan Narnbiar Kanakkavil Raghavan Nambiar } Brothers. Performed between 1940 and 1970. Kanakkavi! Raman Nambiar . Kidangur Cherumanathu Kochukunjan Narnbiar (1910- ): Was a very prominent artiste, Received Virasrinkhala. Expert in costume and make-up also. Kidangur Darnodaran Nambiar: b. 1910; Expert mizhavu player and Pathakam artiste. Kochampalli Govindan Nambiar: Son of the late Man; Madhava Chakyar. An accomplished mizhavu and Pathakarn artiste. Kochampalli Krishnan Nambiat: b. 1922; Disciple of Kochampalli Raman Nambiar. Expert mizhavu player. Kochampalli Narayanan Nambiar (1882-1922): Disciple of Kochampalli Raman Nambiar, Famous for mizhavu-playing and the rendering of Pathakam. Kochampalli Raghavan Nambiar (1855-1961): Disciple of Kochampalli Raman Nambiar, Expert mizhavu player and Pathakam artiste. Expert in vyavahara or intricate and complex rhythmic patterns, Kochampalli Raman Nambiar (1876-J950): Known as Yadyavisarada. Outstanding mizhavu artiste and a great teacher. His disciples include Kochampalli Raghavan Narnbiar and Narrayanan Nambiar. Meledathu Damodaran Nambiar : b. 1920; Active mizhavu player and Pathakam artiste, Meledathu Govindan Narnbiar: b. 1910; Expert mizhavuartiste. Meledathu Ravunni Narnbiar (-1984) : Active mizhavu player. Moozhikularn Darnodaran Narnbiar: No details available. Moozhikulam Kochu Mani Nambiar : Expert mizhavu player. Moozhikularn Raghavan Nambiar : b. 1925; Known as 'Viratarkan' Raghavan Nambiar. Moozhikulam Raghavan Nambiar: ( ): Was active in the field from 1950 to 1975. Narayanan Narnbiar P.K.: b. 1927; Son of Mani Madhava Chakyar. Taught at Kerala Kalarnan dalarn. Received Kerala Sangeetha Naraka Akademi Award, Kerala Kalamandal am Award, Guruvayurappan Award, Panivadya Tilakan title. Author of Mantrankam and Srikri shnacharilam Nangiar Kuttu. Expert Mizhavu player. Tayampaka on mizhavu is his innovation. Vad.ikkiniyath Govindan Narnbiar: b. 1910; Details not available. Vilvattathu Damodaran Narnbiar Brothers. Expert Mizhavu players. Vilvattathu Govindan Narnbiar ) Vilavartathu Ravunni Nambiar: b. 1915; An accomplished Mizhavu artiste and an expert in Pathakam and Kii!iyli\\llffi make-up. Received Ammannur Gurukulam Award. [Note:The above list is by no means exhaustive; omissions, if any, are unitended and only for want of details.)

Translated by Rama Iyer.

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