DOE X-ray Light Sources and Pharmaceutical Discovery

Stephen R. Wasserman

Global Structural Biology Eli Lilly and Company

Commission to Review the Effectiveness of the National Energy Laboratories November 4, 2014

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Lilly Research Laboratories

Structural Biology

Indianapolis Argonne San Diego

Chemistry

Alcobendas, Spain Erl Wood, UK Shanghai

2

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Pharmaceutical Development

• Strategic Portfolio Management & New Influencers in R&D Decision-Making • https://www.quintiles.com/assets/0/111/118/233/1336/313de5b8-3332-4bf5-a654-f2396c58e231.pdf

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 3 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Pharma at the Advanced Photon Source

• mid-1980’s • Pharma companies discuss • Lilly and Upjohn • 1990 • IMCA founded • March 15, 1991 • IMCA-CAT Proposal • 1996: First light Lilly Research Laboratories Beamline

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 4 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Structure guided design

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 5 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Structural Biology/Chemistry

Protein Structure analysis Molecular Protein Protein Biophysical Protein Soluon Biology Purificaon Characterizaon Methods Crystallizaon Synchrotron & Bioinformacs Refinement

Chemical Synthec Design Chemistry

11/17/14 Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 6 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Sample Turnaround

• Median time to evaluate a crystal after its creation: 32 hours, including ~16 hours to ship the sample • Lilly crystals, 2013

• Median time to collect a dataset after creation of a crystal: 40 hours, including time to ship

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 7 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Lilly: Protein Targets and Structures

Protein Targets Structures

11/17/14 Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 8 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Productivity at US Light Sources

Structures (2012) APS Hours (FY2013)

4000 35000 3500 30000 3000 25000 2500 20000 2000 15000 1500 1000 10000 500 5000 0 0 Pharma PDB Proprietary Nonproprietary

• Structures from survey of US pharmaceutical research (10 companies) • Hours for Macromolecular Crystallography (MX) at the APS

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 9 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Industrial User Support

• Dedicated Industrial Staff • Diamond Light Source (UK): 7 • ESRF (France): 6 • Canadian Light Source: 7 staff

• Full Service available • Staff support does not affect intellectual property

• DOE: “Limited non-collaborative support services”

11/17/14 Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 10 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Intellectual Property

• Diamond Light Source (United Kingdom) • “DLS hereby agrees to assign and hereby assigns to the Customer the Intellectual Property Rights in the Results.” • ESRF (France) • “ESRF hereby assigns to all property rights, title, and interest (including Intellectual Property Rights) to the Work Product and Deliverables.” • Canadian Light Source • “CLSI hereby assigns to all Intellectual Property Rights to the Work Product and Deliverables.”

Contract terms presented with permission of DLS, ESRF, and CLS

11/17/14 Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 11 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Intellectual Property

• DOE Master User Agreement • “With respect to any Subject Invention reported and elected…, User may elect to obtain the entire right, title and interest in any patent application files in any country on a Subject Invention and in any resulting patent secured by USER.” • “If USER wishes to elect title to the Subject Invention, a notice of election should be submitted with the report or within one year of such date of reporting of the Subject Invention.”

11/17/14 Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 12 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company Vannevar Bush

Science the Endless Frontier 1945

“Research involving expensive capital facilities beyond the capacity of private institutions should be advanced by active Government support.”

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 13 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company US Synchrotron Users: Pharmaceuticals

Novartis Genentech Merck BMS Pfizer Takeda Lilly Amgen Glaxo SmithKline AbbVie Gilead Vertex

Non-Confidential Presentation November 4, 2014 14 Copyright© 2014 Eli Lilly and Company