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Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning

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Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards President‘s Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards February 2000 President‘s Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children Preface he following story is true. Lead hospitalization, my husband and I spent poisoning can be prevented by many hours attempting to make our home Tidentifying whether lead hazards in lead safe, all the while keeping vigil over a home are present and by learning how to Sam. For nearly 4 years, Sam had his blood safely address them. tested every two months. We continued to improve our home through repair loans to One Family‘s Story make it safe. Today, our house has new Like any other parent, the most important windows, and lead abatement has been priority in my life is to provide my three completed on the interior and exterior of children, Damien, Samuel, and Nathan, with our home. Samuel’s a happy and healthy home—a place where blood lead level has they can grow, learn, and develop into dropped below 10 µg/dL. productive adults. What I didn’t know was To see Samuel, now 4 that our home would threaten my children’s years old, you would health. never know what this happy, beautiful little In April of 1996, my family and I managed to boy has had to endure. save enough to buy our own home. Within Our son’s lead four months of moving in, our pride and joy poisoning could have evaporated when Samuel, then 10 months been prevented if we old, was diagnosed with a blood lead level had known to check for lead and how to of 32 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL). I keep our home lead safe. Today, families soon learned that my son’s blood lead level receive this information when they buy or was three times above the limit thought to rent an older home. It is critical that cause future learning problems. A greater parents receive this information so that shock was that the lead paint, dust and soil they can take the necessary steps to in and around our treasured home was the protect their family. I share my story with culprit. the hope that other families and their Worse yet, a month later, Samuel’s lead level children will learn about the dangers of lead, had risen to 50 µg/dL. He was hospitalized and that one day soon, lead poisoning will that same afternoon and for three long, be a disease of the past. agonizing days he stayed in the hospital and began treatment. During Samuel’s Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards Table of Contents About the President’s Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children...................................................................... i Members of the President’s Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children.................................................................... iii Members of the Lead Poisoning Prevention Workgroup ................................................... .v Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 1 Budget Summary ................................................................................................................ 9 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 11 Current and Ongoing Federal Programs and Activities .................................................... 15 Strategy ............................................................................................................................ 21 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 29 Resources ......................................................................................................................... 39 References ........................................................................................................................ 41 Appendix: Methodology Used to Project Numbers of Lead Poisoned Children and Trends in the American Housing Stock, 2000-2010 (Developed for this Document) Figures Figure 1: National Blood Lead Levels ................................................................................. 2 Figure 2: Potential Impacts of Various Actions on the Number of Low-Income Lead Poisoned Children ............................................................................ 4 Figure 3: Lead Toxicity in Children ................................................................................... 11 Figure 4: Certificate of Lead Hazard Control.................................................................... 14 Figure 5: Potential Impacts of Various Actions on the Number of Low-Income Lead Poisoned Children .......................................................................... 26 Tables Table 1: Pre-1960 Units at Risk of Having Lead Paint Hazards in 2010 .................................. 5 Table 2: Estimated Average Annual Costs of Options to Address Lead Paint Hazards In Pre-1960 Housing, 2001- 2010 .................................................. 5 Table 3: Federal Agency Roles on Lead Poisoning Prevention ........................................... 7 Table 4: Lead Consumption in Housing per Decade ........................................................ 22 Table 5: HUD National Lead Paint Survey Data (1990) .................................................... 22 Table 6: Pre-1960 Units at Risk of Having Lead Paint Hazards in 2010 ................................ 23 Table 7: Estimated Average Direct Annual Costs of Options to Address Lead Paint in Pre-1960 Housing, 2001-2010 ............................................................... 24 Table 8: Preliminary Outcome Data for HUD Lead Paint Hazard Control Grant Program Evaluation ........................................................................................... 27 Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards About the President‘s Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children n recognition of the growing body of This Strategy has been developed by an scientific information demonstrating interagency work group of the President’s I that America’s children suffer more Task Force on Environmental Health Risks than adults from environmental health risks and Safety Risks to Children. Workgroup and safety risks, President William Jefferson representatives are listed on page five. Clinton issued Executive Order 13045 on The goal of the workgroup was to develop a April 21, 1997, directing each federal agency set of recommendations to eliminate to make it a high priority to identify, assess, childhood lead poisoning in the United and address those risks. In issuing this States as a major public health problem by order, the President also created the Task the year 2010. This report focuses primarily Force on Environmental Health Risks and on expanding efforts to correct lead paint Safety Risks to Children, co-chaired by hazards (especially in low-income housing), Donna E. Shalala, Secretary of the U.S. a major source of lead exposure for Department of Health and Human Services, children. and Carol M. Browner, Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Task Force was charged with recommending strategies for protecting children’s environmental health and safety. i Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards ii Members of the President‘s Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children Honorable Donna E. Shalala Honorable Rodney Slater Co-chair Secretary Secretary U.S. Department of Transportation U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Honorable Jacob J. Lew Honorable Carol M. Browner Director Co-chair Office of Management and Budget Administrator U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Honorable George Frampton Chair Honorable Andrew Cuomo Council on Environmental Quality Secretary U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Honorable Ann Brown Development Chairman U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Honorable Janet Reno Attorney General Honorable Martin N. Bailey U.S. Department of Justice Chair Council of Economic Advisors Honorable Alexis Herman Secretary Honorable Neal Lane U.S. Department of Labor Director Office of Science and Technology Policy Honorable Bill Richardson Secretary Honorable Gene Sperling U.S. Department of Energy Assistant to the President for Economic Policy Honorable Richard Riley Honorable Bruce Reed Secretary Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy U.S. Department of Education Honorable Dan Glickman Secretary U.S. Department of Agriculture iii Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards iv Members of the Lead Poisoning Prevention Workgroup Joanne K. Rodman, Chair Workgroup Members Senior Advisor, Office Of Children’s Health Protection Claudia Magdalena Abendroth U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Management and Budget Executive Office of the President Principal Contributors Duane Alexander Director David E. Jacobs National Institute of Child Health and Human Director, Office of Lead Hazard Control Development U.S. Department of Housing and Urban National Institutes of Health Development U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Thomas Matte Lt Col Isaac Atkins Medical Epidemiologist Director Centers
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