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Kauai County Should Complete a Wastewater Master Plan Prior to Approving New Development

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Kauai County Should Complete a Wastewater Master Plan Prior to Approving New Development Infrastructure & Environmental Overview Study Volume IV County of Kauai 1 Introduction to County of Kauai 5 Recommendations for County of Kauai 9 County of Kauai – Terrestrial Water Quality and Quantity 15 County of Kauai - Sewage 24 County of Kauai – Solid Waste Disposal 31 County of Kauai – Storm Water 35 County of Kauai – Roads 39 County of Kauai – Airports 45 County of Kauai – Harbors 50 County of Kauai - Parks 56 County of Kauai – Police, Fire and Emergency Services 63 County of Kauai – Visitor Accommodations 66 County of Kauai – Private Transportation 74 County of Kauai – Energy Systems 77 County of Kauai – Sewer Systems 82 County of Kauai – Coastal Water Quality 83 County of Kauai – Marine Ecosystem Health 87 County of Kauai – Forestry / Green Space 90 County of Kauai – Air Quality 92 County of Kauai – Beach Erosion 94 County of Kauai – Invasive Species 97 County of Kauai – Other Natural / Scenic Resources 98 County of Kauai – North Shore – Terrestrial Water Quality and Quantity 100 County of Kauai – North Shore – Sewage 102 County of Kauai – North Shore – Solid Waste Disposal 103 County of Kauai – North Shore – Storm Water 104 County of Kauai – North Shore – Roads 106 County of Kauai – North Shore – Airports 108 County of Kauai – North Shore – Harbors 110 County of Kauai – North Shore – Parks 111 County of Kauai – North Shore – Police, Fire and Emergency Services 113 County of Kauai – North Shore – Visitor Accommodations 114 County of Kauai – North Shore - Visitor Related Area 116 County of Kauai – North Shore – Private Transportation 121 County of Kauai – North Shore – Energy Systems 122 Planning for Sustainable Tourism in Hawaii Carter & Burgess, Inc. Infrastructure & Environmental Overview Study Volume IV County of Kauai 2 County of Kauai – North Shore – Sewer Systems 123 County of Kauai – North Shore – Coastal Water Quality 124 County of Kauai – North Shore – Marine Ecosystem Health 125 County of Kauai – North Shore – Forestry / Green Space 126 County of Kauai – North Shore – Air Quality 127 County of Kauai – North Shore – Beach Erosion 128 County of Kauai – North Shore – Invasive Species 129 County of Kauai – North Shore – Other Natural / Scenic Resources 130 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Terrestrial Water Quality and Quantity 131 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Sewage 133 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Solid Waste Disposal 134 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Storm Water 135 County of Kauai – Kawaihau - Roads 137 County of Kauai – Kawaihau - Airports 139 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Harbors 140 County of Kauai -- Kawaihau -- Parks 141 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Police, Fire and Emergency Services 143 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Visitor Accommodations 144 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Private Transportation 146 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Energy Systems 147 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Sewer Systems 148 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Coastal Water Quality 149 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Marine Ecosystem Health 150 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Forestry / Green Space 151 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Air Quality 152 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Beach Erosion 153 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Invasive Species 154 County of Kauai – Kawaihau – Other Natural / Scenic Resources 155 County of Kauai – Lihue – Terrestrial Water Quality and Quantity 156 County of Kauai – Lihue – Sewage 158 County of Kauai – Lihue – Solid Waste Disposal 159 County of Kauai – Lihue – Storm Water 160 County of Kauai – Lihue – Roads 161 County of Kauai – Lihue – Airports 163 County of Kauai – Lihue – Harbors 167 Planning for Sustainable Tourism in Hawaii Carter & Burgess, Inc. Infrastructure & Environmental Overview Study Volume IV County of Kauai 3 County of Kauai – Lihue – Parks 170 County of Kauai – Lihue – Police, Fire and Emergency Services 172 County of Kauai – Lihue – Visitor Accommodations 173 County of Kauai – Lihue - Visitor Related Area 175 County of Kauai – Lihue – Private Transportation 179 County of Kauai – Lihue – Energy Systems 180 County of Kauai – Lihue – Sewer Systems 181 County of Kauai – Lihue – Coastal Water Quality 182 County of Kauai – Lihue – Marine Ecosystem Health 183 County of Kauai – Lihue – Forestry / Green Space 184 County of Kauai – Lihue – Air Quality 185 County of Kauai – Lihue – Beach Erosion 186 County of Kauai – Lihue – Invasive Species 187 County of Kauai – Lihue – Other Natural / Scenic Resources 188 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Terrestrial Water Quality and Quantity 189 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Sewage 191 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Solid Waste Disposal 193 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Storm Water 194 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Roads 196 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Airports 198 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Harbors 200 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Parks 202 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Police, Fire and Emergency Services 204 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Visitor Accommodations 205 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Private Transportation 207 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Energy Systems 208 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Sewer Systems 209 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Coastal Water Quality 210 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Marine Ecosystem Health 211 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Forestry / Green Space 212 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Air Quality 213 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Beach Erosion 214 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Invasive Species 215 County of Kauai – Koloa-Poipu-Kalaheo – Other Natural / Scenic Resources 216 County of Kauai – West Side – Terrestrial Water Quality and Quantity 217 Planning for Sustainable Tourism in Hawaii Carter & Burgess, Inc. Infrastructure & Environmental Overview Study Volume IV County of Kauai 4 County of Kauai – West Side – Sewage 219 County of Kauai – West Side – Solid Waste Disposal 220 County of Kauai – West Side – Storm Water 222 County of Kauai – West Side – Roads 223 County of Kauai – West Side - Airports 225 County of Kauai – West Side – Harbors 226 County of Kauai – West Side – Parks 227 County of Kauai – West Side – Police, Fire and Emergency Services 229 County of Kauai – West Side – Visitor Accommodations 230 County of Kauai – West Side - Visitor Related Area 232 County of Kauai – West Side – Private Transportation 235 County of Kauai – West Side – Energy Systems 236 County of Kauai – West Side – Sewer Systems 237 County of Kauai – West Side – Coastal Water Quality 238 County of Kauai – West Side – Marine Ecosystem Health 239 County of Kauai – West Side – Forestry / Green Space 240 County of Kauai – West Side – Air Quality 241 County of Kauai – West Side – Beach Erosion 242 County of Kauai – West Side – Invasive Species 243 County of Kauai – West Side – Other Natural / Scenic Resources 244 Reference List 245 Contacts List 258 Kauai Appendices 261 Planning for Sustainable Tourism in Hawaii Carter & Burgess, Inc. Infrastructure & Environmental Overview Study Volume IV County of Kauai 5 Introduction to County of Kauai Kauai is the northwestern most major island in the Hawaiian Archipelago. It is over 5 million years old. Erosion has sculpted the 552.3 square mile island into the spectacular landscapes seen today. Kauai is comprised of five planning communities. They are briefly described at the end of this introduction. (Unless otherwise indicated, the information below is from the Kauai General Plan.) (See map of Kauai in Appendix.) Projections made by the State for County of Kauai for 1998-1999 were deemed unacceptable due undesirable number of daily visitors to Kauai. State Planning and the Kauai Citizen Advisory Committee worked together to develop alternative scenarios for population projections. Two key areas identified as variables for alternative growth scenarios were impacts of highway traffic and impacts on beaches, parks, wilderness areas and the recreationist’s experience. Three scenarios were developed based on visitor industry growth. Planning was based on a Scenario A/B range. Table 4.01—Alternative Residential and Average Daily Visitor Projections: 2020 Scenario A Scenario B Scenario C Resident Population 65,260 79,490 82,800 Average Daily Visitor 24,000 32,000 40,600 Population Source: Kauai General Plan According to the projections, a transportation analysis and comparison to the Kauai Long-Range Transportation Plan, many improvements are warranted in all three scenarios. The majority of the improvements are restricted to populated areas and their environs in Scenarios A and B, the most conservative and moderate projections. In Scenario C, the highest population projection, several improvements are needed island-wide. This analysis underscores existing deficiencies in transportation needs. An analysis of parks and natural areas concluded the following: • There is heavy use by visitors to Kauai’s wilderness areas and nature centers (80% of users are off-island visitors); • At least one-fourth of park managers are serving the highest level of users sustainable to the park; • State and County parks, forests and boating facilities are under funded operationally; and • Increased usage of these resources without improvements will lead to deterioration of the resource and the visitor experience. In 2001, the average daily visitor census for Kauai was 16,830. 252,2001 This figure measures overall strength of the visitor industry and prosperity of visitor- Planning for Sustainable Tourism in Hawaii Carter & Burgess, Inc. Infrastructure & Environmental Overview
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