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Parupeneus Indicus (Shaw, 1803)

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Parupeneus Indicus (Shaw, 1803) click for previous page MULL Paru 4 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: MULLIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Parupeneus indicus (Shaw, 1803) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Indian goatfish Fr - Rouget-barbetindien Sp - Salmonete indico NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Body depth 3.3 to 3.7 times in standard length. Chin with 2 slender barbels which reach to or slightly posterior to rear margin of preopercle, their length 1.2 to 1.4 times in head; snout length 1.2 to 1.4 times in head, the snout profile straight; mouth small, the maxilla reaching about 2/3 distance to front edge of eye; a single series of .yell-spaced, stout conical teeth in jaws; no teeth on roof of mouth; gillrakers on first arch 24 to 27. First dorsal fin with 8 spines, the first small, the third longest, contained 1.3 to 1.5 times in head; pectoral fin rays 16 or 17. Lateral line scales 29 or 30; 3 vertical rows of scales in space between dorsal fins; 9 or 10 vertical rows of scales along upper part of caudal peduncle. Colour: greenish brown to reddish brown corsally, the scale edges narrowly dark, shading to whitish or pale pink ventrally, with a large, horizontally elongates yellow sot centred on lateral line below posterior art of first dorsal fin and interdorsal space; a roundish black spot larger than eye posteriorly on caudal peduncle, 2/3 of which lies above and 1/3 below lateral line; a slightly curved pale blue line passing from above mouth to lower edge of eye and beyond, a second shorter line below and parallel to it, and short lines radiating from eye; narrow pale blue stripes on second dorsal, anal and caudal fins. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Parupeneus barberinus: a dark stripe on snout, post- orbital head and upper side of body; no large yellow spot on lateral line; pectoral rays usually 17. P. macronema: a dark stripe on snout, postorbital head and upper side of body; no large yellow spot on lateral line; gillrakers 33 to 39 (24 to 27 in P. indicus). Parupeneus barberinus SIZE: Maximum: 40 cm; common to 30 cm. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Throughout most of the area, to 34° S, but not known from the Red Sea and the "Gulf". Outside the area it ranges eastward to the Samoa Islands, northward to southern Japan and southward to Queensland. Parupeneus macronema Inhabits shallow coastal waters; found singly or in small schools. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Coastal waters, throughout its range. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught mainly with bottom trawls; also with trap- nets. Marketed mainly fresh. MULL Paru 5 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: MULLIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Parupeneus cinnabarinus (Cuvier, 1829) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Parupeneus heptacanthus (nec. Lacepède) Parupeneus luteus (nec. Valenciennes) Parupeneus pleurospilos (Bleeker, 1853) Parupeneus seychellensis Smith & Smith, 1963 VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Cinnabar goatfish Fr - Rouget-barbet cinnabare Sp - Salmonete cinabarico NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Depth of body 3.1 to 4.0 times in standard length (larger individuals relatively deeper-bodied). Chin with 2 slender barbels which reach posterior to rear margin of preopercle, their length 1.2 to 1.4 times in head; dorsal profile of head of adults smoothly convex; snout 1.8 to 2.1 times in head; mouth small, the maxilla reaching about 2/3 distance to front edge of eye; a single rood of well-spaced stout conical teeth in jaws; no teeth on roof of mouth; gillrakers on first arch 25 to 29. First dorsal fin with 8 spines, the first small, the third longest, contained 1.5 to 1.9 times in head; pectoral fin rays usually 16. Lateral line scales 27 or 28; 3 vertical rows of scales in space between dorsal fins; 9 vertical rows of scales along upper part of caudal peduncle. Colour: varying from brownish yellow to red (deeper-dwelling fish more red), the edges of the scales darker, shading to silvery white below; centres of scales of back with a pale blue to pearly spot (more evident on some individuals than others); a small reddish brown spot on upper side of adults just below seventh and eighth lateral line scales; faint iridescent blue diagonal lines extending dorsoposteriorly and ventroanteriorly from eye and often a parallel one on cheek and snout; second dorsal and anal fins with faint narrow pale blue stripes. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Parupeneus rubescens: a large whitish saddle-like spot anterodorsaily on caudal peduncle, followed by a blackish spot of about the same size; no small dark spot on upper side of body; gillrakers 29 to 31 (25 to 29 in P. cinnabarinus). P. cyclostomus: solid yellow or blue-grey with a yellow saddle-like spot dorsally on caudal peduncle; pro- file of snout slightly concave. P. pleurostigma: a very large blackish spot on late- Parupeneus rubescens ral line below rear base of dorsal fin; gillrakers 29 to 32. SIZE: Maximum: 30 cm; common to 24 cm. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Parupeneus cyclostomus Throughout the area north of 26°S. Eastward extending to the Marshall Islands. Tends to live over silty sand bottoms and in murkier water, in general, than other members of the genus; rarely seen in depths less than 15 m. PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Parupeneus pleurostigma Coastal waters throughout its range. CATCHES, FISHWG GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Included with overall goatfish records. Caught mainly in bottom trawls, occasionally by traps and hook and line. Marketed fresh. MULL Paru 6 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: MULLIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Parupeneus rubescens (Lacepède,1801) OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Parupeneus fraterculus (Valenciennes, 1831) Parupeneus dispilurus Playfair & Günther, 1867) Parupeneus pleurotaenia (Playfair & Günther, 1867) VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Rosy goatfish Fr - Rouget-barbet sellé Sp - Salmonete ensillado NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Body depth 3.0 to 3.3 times in standard length. Chin with 2 slender barbels which usually reach posterior to rear margin of reo ercle their length 1.3 to 1.5 times in head. Snout 1.8 to 2.0 times in head; mouth small, the maxilla reaching about 2/3 distance to front edge of eye; a single row of well-spaced, stout, conical teeth in jaws; no teeth on roof of mouth; gillrakers 29 to 31. First dorsal fin with 8 spines, the first small, the third longest, contained 1.4 to 1.7 times in head; last dorsal and anal rays not prolonged; pectoral fin rays 15 to 17. Lateral line scales 27 or 28; 3 vertical scale rows in space between dorsal fins; 8 or 9 vertical scale rows along upper part of caudal peduncle. Colour: reddish to greenish brown dorsally, shading to light red ventrally, with a large black sot dorsally on posterior part of caudal peduncle (above lateral line), preceded by a whitish spot of about equal size (whitish area often faint); a pale-edged dark brown band from front of snout through eye and continuing a short distance anteriorly on body along lateral line (dark band sometimes not persisting in preservative); fins without obvious markings. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Parupeneus indicus: one-third of black spot on cau- yellow dal peduncle extending below lateral line; an elongate yellow spot on upper side of body; gillrakers 24 to 27 (29 to 31 in P. rubescens). P. pleurostigma: a large blackish spot on side of body below rear base of dorsal fin; basal third of second dorsal fin blackish. Parupeneus indicus SIZE: Maximum: 30 cm; common to 23 cm. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Red Sea and east coast of Africa (to 34°S). Outside the area, extending to the western Pacific. Inhabits coastal waters, generally at depths greater than 15 m. Not often seen in vicinity of coral reefs (associated more with somewhat turbid water and silty Parupeneus pleurostigma sand bottoms). PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS: Coastal waters throughout its range. CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION: Separate statistics are not reported for this species; collected along with other goatfishes in general. Caught mainly with bottom trawls and gillnets. Marketed fresh. MULL Paru 7 1983 FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: MULLIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean) Parupeneus cyclostomus (Lacepède, 1801 OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Parupeneus chryserydros (Lacepède, 1801) Parupeneus luteus (Valenciennes, 1831) VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Goldsaddle goatfish Fr - Rouget-barbet doré Sp - Salmonete dorado NATIONAL: DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS: Body moderately elongate, the depth 3.4 to 3.9 times in standard length. Chin with 2 very long slender barbels which extend to or beyond posterior end of head; snout moderately long, the profile slightly concave, its length 1.7 to 2.0 times in head; mouth small, the maxilla reaching about 2/3 of distance to front edge of eye; a single row of well-spaced stout conical teeth in jaws; no teeth on roof of mouth; gillrakers on first arch 28 to 32. First dorsal fin with 8 spines, the first small, the third longest, contained 1.4 to 1.8 times in head; pectoral fin rays 16 or 17. Lateral line scales 27 to 29; 2 or 3 vertical rows of scales in space between dorsal fins; 8 or 9 vertical rows of scales along upper part of caudal peduncle. Colour: two colour phases, one entirely yellow, the other dusky yellow dorsally, the scales heavily edged and spotted with blue, shading to pale lavender-grey ventrally; head with blue lines extending dorsoposteriorly and ventroanteriorly from eye and some radiating dorsally; other blue lines on cheek and opercle; a yellow saddle-like area usually present dorsally on caudal peduncle; narrow dark-edged pale blue stripes in second dorsal and anal fins; caudal fin with alternating streaks of dull yellow and pale blue.
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