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12. Non – Cooperation Movement https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions Response to Gandhi's Call Educational objective: to know about all the Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil movements launched by Gandhiji disobedience against such unjust laws, 9. Key: B which would start with a hartal on 6 April Explanation: 1919. Hunter Commission But before it could be launched, there were The government formed a committee of large-scale violent, anti-British inquiry to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh demonstrations in Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi, shootings. Ahmedabad, etc. ' On October 14, 1919, the Government of Especially in Punjab, the situation became India announced the formation of the explosive due to wartime repression, forcible Disorders Inquiry Committee. recruitments, and ravages of disease. The committee was commonly known as In towns across North and West India, life Hunter Commission after the name of came to a standstill, as shops shut down chairman, Lord William Hunter. It also had and schools closed in response to the bandh Indian members. call. In the final report submitted in March 1920, During the intense anti-British the committee unanimously condemned demonstrations, Punjab also witnessed the Dyer’s actions. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre However, the Hunter Committee did not Nationalist Response impose any penal or disciplinary action Rabindranath Tagore renounced his against General Dyer knighthood in protest. Educational objective: to know about all the Mahatma Gandhi gave up the title of Kaiser- movements launched by Gandhiji i-Hind, bestowed by the British for his work during the Boer War. 12. Non – Cooperation Movement Gandhi was overwhelmed by the atmosphere 1. Which one of the following events was of total violence and withdrew the movement characterized by Montague as 'Preventive on April 18, 1919. Murder'? The Indian National Congress appointed its a) Killing of INA activists own non-official committee that included b) Massacre of Jallianwala Bagh Motilal Nehru, C.R. Das, Abbas Tyabji, M.R. c) Shooting of the Mahatma Jayakar, and Gandhi to look into the d) Shooting of Curzon-Wylle shootings. 2. The name of the famous person of India Congress put forward its own view. This view who returned the Knighthood conferred criticized Dyer’s act as inhuman and also on him by the British Government as a said that there was no justification in the introduction of the martial law in Punjab. www.laex.in Page No. 36 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions token of protest against the atrocities in 12. Key and Explanations Punjab in 1919 was a) Tej Bahadur Sapru 1. Key: B b) Ashutosh Mukherjee Explanation: Montague as ‘Preventive Murder’ c) Rabindra Nath Tagore characterized massacre of Jallianwala Bagh d) Syed Ahmad Khan Educational objective: to know about the jaliianwala massacre 3. Which one of the following aroused a wave of popular indignation that led to the 2. Key: C massacre by the British at Jallianwala Explanation: Bagh? Jallianwala Bagh Massacre a) The Arms Act The massacre took place on 13 April 1919 b) The Public Safety Act when troops of the British Indian Army c) The Rowlatt Act under the command of Col. Reginald Dyer d) The Vernacular Press Act fired rifles into a crowd of Indians. The civilians had assembled for a peaceful 4. During the Indian Freedom Struggle, why protest to condemn the arrest and did Rowlatt Act arouse popular deportation of two national leaders, Satya indignation? Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew. a) It curtailed the freedom of religion Dyer without warning ordered his troops to b) It suppressed the Indian traditional fire at the unarmed crowd which included education children as well. c) It authorized the government to imprison The indiscriminate firing went on for about people without trial 10 minutes which resulted in the deaths of d) It curbed the trade union activities at least 1000 people and injured more than 5. A: Gandhi stopped the Non-Cooperation 1500 people. Movement in 1922. Aftermath R: Violence at ChauriChaura led him to stop In protest against the massacre, the movement. Rabindranath Tagore gave up his a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct knighthood. explanation of A Gandhiji relinquished his title ‘Kaiser-e-hind’ b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct bestowed on him by the British for his services during the Boer War in South Africa. explanation of A Michael O’Dwyer, the then Lieutenant c) A is true but R is false Governor of Punjab, who had approved the d) A is false but R is true actions of Dyer, was assassinated by Udham Singh in London in 1940 as revenge against the massacre. www.laex.in Page No. 37 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions The heroic treatment to Dyer’s heinous act 13. Key and Explanations again set a benchmark of colonial arrogance. Montague characterized it as 'Preventive 1. Key: B Murder' Explanation: Surya Sen organized the famous Educational objective: to know about rowlatt Chittagong armoury raid act, khilafat movement Educational objective: to know about the various important events. 3. Key: C Explanation: See the explanation given in the above question. 14. Civil Disobedience Movement Educational objective: to know about Rowlatt act, Khilafat movement 1. With reference to Indian freedom struggle, consider the following events: 4. Key: C 1) Mutiny in Royal Indian Navy Explanation: Rowlatt Act arouse popular 2) Quit India Movement launched indignation because It authorized the government to imprison people without trial 3) Second Round Table Conference Educational objective: to know about Rowlatt What is the correct chronological sequence of Satyagraha the above events? a) 1-2-3 5. Key: A b) 2-1-3 Explanation: Causes of withdrawal of the Non- c) 3-2-1 cooperation Movement: (i) Due to the Chauri d) 3-1-2 Chaura incident where 22 policemen were burnt alive, Mahatma Gandhi decided to 2. With reference to Congress Socialist Party, withdraw the movement. (ii) He felt consider the following statements: the movement was turning violent in many 1. It advocated the boycott of British goods and places and satyagrahis needed to be trained evasion of taxes. properly for mass movement. 2. It wanted to establish the dictatorship of Educational Objective: Non-Cooperation proletariat. Movement 3. It advocated separate electorate for 13. Revolutionary Activity 1920’s minorities and oppressed classes. 1. Who among the following organized the Which of the statements given above is/are famous Chittagong armory raid? correct? a) Laxmi Sehgal a) 1 and 2 only b) Surya Sen b) 3 only c) Batukeshwar Dutta c) 1,2 and 3 d) JM Sengupta d) None www.laex.in Page No. 38 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains.
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