Agreements for Humanitarian Aid Awarded by ECHO
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There Is More Than 3TG the Need for the Inclusion of All Minerals in EU Regulation for Conflict Due Diligence
There is more than 3TG The need for the inclusion of all minerals in EU regulation for conflict due diligence SOMO Paper | January 2015 Companies that use minerals in their products risk International standards and regulation contributing to conflict financing or human rights abuses via their mineral supply chains, especially if upstream Normative standards suppliers are located in conflict zones. This problem is Under the European Convention on Human Rights and being addressed by the European Commission (EC), international human rights law, European member states which has proposed a new regulation with a voluntary have an obligation to ensure that business enterprises due diligence framework to address the risk of financing operating within their jurisdiction do not cause or armed groups and security forces, and mitigate other contribute to human rights violations. The United Nations adverse impacts associated with the extraction, transport Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP) and trade of four particular minerals: tin, tantalum, and the Organisation for Economic Development and tungsten and gold (3TG). Cooperation’s Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (OECD Guidelines) set clear standards for business enter- This briefing paper discusses one specific issue in the prises to respect human rights, conduct human rights due proposed EC regulation – the limited number of conflict diligence and implement measures to prevent, address and minerals it includes. It puts the case that the decision to redress any human rights violations.1 The UNGP prescribe focus on the import of minerals and metals containing or that states need to “ensure that their current policies, consisting of 3TG is arbitrary and far too limited to achieve legislation, regulations and enforcement measures are the proposal’s objective of reducing the financing of armed effective in addressing the risks of business involvement groups and security forces through mineral proceeds in in gross human rights abuses”.2 The UNGP have special conflict-affected and high-risk areas. -
Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar
Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar Asia Report N°312 | 28 August 2020 Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 235 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. A Legacy of Division ......................................................................................................... 4 A. Who Lives in Myanmar? ............................................................................................ 4 B. Those Who Belong and Those Who Don’t ................................................................. 5 C. Contemporary Ramifications..................................................................................... 7 III. Liberalisation and Ethno-nationalism ............................................................................. 9 IV. The Militarisation of Ethnicity ......................................................................................... 13 A. The Rise and Fall of the Kaungkha Militia ................................................................ 14 B. The Shanni: A New Ethnic Armed Group ................................................................. 18 C. An Uncertain Fate for Upland People in Rakhine -
Report of the Evaluation of the FRESH Project South-West Region, Bangladesh
Report of the Evaluation of the FRESH project South-West Region, Bangladesh February – March 2013 One of the FRESH project houses stands out amongst other shelters which are lower lying and in the case of the near shelter of a poorer quality construction. John Watt and Asma Alam Table of Contents Acronyms and Definitions ....................................................................................................................... ii 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1 2. Purpose and scope .............................................................................................................................. 2 3. Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Target population ............................................................................................................................... 3 Data collection methods ..................................................................................................................... 3 Target areas ........................................................................................................................................ 4 4. Limitations ........................................................................................................................................... 5 5. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ -
Tor) for Conducting Baseline Study
Terms of Reference (ToR) for Conducting Baseline Study 1. Overview of the organization: Nagorik Uddyog (The Citizen’s Initiative) was formed in 1995 aiming at promoting people's participation and access to democracy, rights, justice & development. Since its establishment, Nagorik Uddyog (NU) has been working to strengthen local government in Bangladesh through raising awareness on basic human rights, building people's capacity to pursue and realize these rights among mass people. NU aspires to promote cultural diversity and improve the quality of life of the most excluded and marginalized communities of Bangladesh, including Dalits and other marginalized groups. 2. The Project: At a Glance: Title of the project Protecting and Promoting the Rights of Dalits and Tackling the Poverty and Exclusion of Excluded Groups Implementing Nagorik Uddyog with 6 partner organizations organization Moulobhibazar Tea Community Indigenous Front, Moulobhibazar, Dalit Women Forum, Dhaka Partner NGOs Uddipto Mohila Unnayan Sangstha, Satkhira Ashrumochon Mohila & Shishu Unnayan Sangstha, Jessore BDERM Botiaghata and Khulna BDERM Barisal and Bhola Bread for the World Funding Agency Stafflenbergstrasse 76, D-70184 Stuttgart, Germany www.brot-fuer-die-welt.de Project Duration 3 years (January 2019 – December 2021) Project Location 6 Upazilas (City Corporations, 53 Unions and 17 Colonies) of 7 districts (Dhaka, Barisal, Bhola, Khulna, Jessore, Satkhira, Moulobhaibazar) Project Results Objective: Objective-1: The rights and entitlements of Dalits are improved through advocacy and campaign at national and international level Objective-2: The socio-economic situation of Dalits in the project areas improved. Outcomes: The members of the Dalit and excluded communities are enjoying human rights, equal socio-economic facilities with mainstream and leading a dignified life. -
![[Uzgp] & Union Parishad Governance Project [Upgp]](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/1439/uzgp-union-parishad-governance-project-upgp-1331439.webp)
[Uzgp] & Union Parishad Governance Project [Upgp]
IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF UPAZILA PARISHAD GOVERNANCE PROJECT [UZGP] & UNION PARISHAD GOVERNANCE PROJECT [UPGP] FINAL REPORT JUNE, 2017 Team Leader Dr. Salahuddin M. Aminuzzaman Team Members Dr. Mobasser Monem Dr. Ferdous Arfina Osman Dr. Mohammad Shuaib Dr. Bazlul Huq Khondker Dr. Mohammad Abu Eusuf Abu Hossain Muhammad Ahsan Mr. Riaz Uddin Khan 2 Table of Contents Composition of the team 2 Abbreviations and Acronyms 6 Maps of the Study Area 7 Executive Summary 8-15 Foreword 16 Part I Overview of Project Context 17-29 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Relevance of Project interventions and Government of Bangladesh Policy framework 1.3. UPGP and UZGP At a Glance- Objectives and Result framework of UPGP and UZGP 1.4. Background of Assessment 1.5. Reflections from other studies having bearing upon UPGP and UZGP 1.6. Scope and Objectives of Assessment Part II Evaluation Methodologies 30-41 2.1 Survey Methodology of the study 2.1.1 Overview of survey design 2.2 Study area and target population of the study 2.2.1 Study area 2.2.2 Target population 2.2.3 Matching methodologies 2.3 Matching results 2.3.1 Methods of data collection 2.4 Quantitative survey 2.4.1 Sample size 2.4.2 Sample design 2.4.2.1 Sample design for Upazila Parishad and Union Parishad Surveys 2.4.2.2 Sampling design for household survey and Household selection 2.4.2.3 Sampling design for exit client survey 2.5 Qualitative survey 2.6 Review of Secondary Data 2.7 Data collection methodologies 2.7.1 Development of study instruments 2.7.2 Recruitment of and training to field staff 2.8 Data collection operation 2.8.1 Field visits and quality checking 2.9 Data management and quality assurance 3 2.10 Data Analysis and preparation of the report 2.11 Special consideration and limitation of the methodology PART III UPGP: Overview of Impacts/Results 42-137 3.1. -
Kachin State WATCH
H U M A N R I G H T S “UNTOLD MISERIES” Wartime Abuses and Forced Displacement in Kachin State WATCH “Untold Miseries” Wartime Abuses and Forced Displacement in Burma’s Kachin State Copyright © 2012 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-874-0 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org MARCH 2012 1-56432-874-0 “Untold Miseries” Wartime Abuses and Forced Displacement in Burma’s Kachin State Map of Burma ...................................................................................................................... i Detailed Map of Kachin State ............................................................................................. -
CSEB / Bamboo House: a Prototype
CSEB / Bamboo House: A Prototype Nobu para, Sundarban village, Dinajpur district, Bangladesh Author: Jo Ashbridge CSEB / Bamboo House: A Prototype Nobu para, Sundarban village, Dinajpur district, Bangladesh PRINTED BY Bob Books Ltd. 241a Portobello Road, London, W11 1LT, United Kingdom +44 (0)844 880 6800 First printed: 2014 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0 Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a reference to the document number. A copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint should be sent to Jo Ashbridge, [email protected] All content has been created by the author unless otherwise stated. Author: Jo Ashbridge Photographers: Jo Ashbridge / Philippa Battye / Pilvi Halttunen CSEB / Bamboo House: A Prototype Nobu para, Sundarban village, Dinajpur district, Bangladesh Funding Financial support for the research project was made possible by the RIBA Boyd Auger Scholarship 2012. In 2007, Mrs Margot Auger donated a sum of money to the RIBA in memory of her late husband, architect and civil engineer Boyd Auger. The Scholarship was first awarded in 2008 and has funded eight talented students since. The opportunity honours Boyd Auger’s belief that architects learn as they travel and, as such, it supports young people who wish to undertake imaginative and original research during periods -
Displaced and Dispossessed: Conflict-Affected Communities and Their Land of Origin in Kachin State, Myanmar 4 Failures Ofthepeaceprocessinkachin State
DISPLACED AND DISPOSSESSED Conflict-affected communities and their land of origin in Kachin State, Myanmar May 2018 Acknowledgements This paper was only made possible by the commitment and extensive contributions of many displaced people, both within the research team and others who contributed information, testimony and much more. The research was also only possible with the dedication of the staff and volunteers involved in the research team. This included putting themselves in risky situations to obtain critical information to inform and shape this report. The research for this report was conducted by Naushawng Development Institute, Nyein Foundation and Oxfam, with support from Kachin Baptist Convention, Metta Development Foundation and Trócaire. This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the Durable Peace Programme and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Contents Summary 5 The importance of land in Kachin 6 IDPs are losing their land of origin 9 A legal basis for IDP land rights protections 11 The unclear legal status of forcibly abandoned land causes confusion 14 Restricted access increases impunity 15 Laws are used to dispossess IDPs of their land 17 unfairly Fears that unused or undocumented land will be lost 20 The impact of loss of land on women 23 IDPs lack access to information and justice mechanisms 24 Recommendations 25 Displaced and Dispossessed: Conflict-affected communities and their land of origin in Kachin State, Myanmar Displaced and Dispossessed: Conflict-affected communities their land of origin in Kachin I want this war to end. -
9. Cascades to Peripheries of South Asia
9 Cascades to peripheries of South Asia This chapter considers countries at the periphery of South Asia—first Bhutan, then Afghanistan, Nepal and Myanmar. Events in these countries have cascaded violence from South Asia into Central Asia and the Middle East on one side, and South-East Asia on the other. Afghanistan, according to the analysis in this chapter, is a strong fit to the 10 propositions of our starting theory. Myanmar is a weaker fit, Nepal is a much weaker fit still and Bhutan barely fits the theory at all. Myanmar is more clearly part of South-East Asia than South Asia, though Myanmar has applied to be a full member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). Afghanistan has significant historical, cultural and social ties with both Central and South Asia. Both regions’ political and strategic interests overlap in Afghanistan, contributing to its security dilemmas. We will see that cascades of violence that have shifted boundaries across the centuries are among the reasons for a degree of fluidity about what South Asia means. Bhutan Bhutan is the least geopolitically significant country of South Asia apart from the much smaller string of atolls of the mid-Indian Ocean that make up the Maldives. Bhutan has a tiny population of 744,000 and a weak economy. Its people are extremely poor. Bhutan has little in the way of natural resources. Timber is its most valuable resource, but 393 CASCAdeS of VioLenCe impenetrable mountains make such limited resources difficult to access profitably. So, potential invaders from the powerful states around it never saw Bhutan as a plum waiting to be plucked. -
Myanmar Issue Brief No
CHINA, THE UNITED STATES AND THE KACHIN CONFLICT GREAT POWERS AND THE CHANGING MYANMAR ISSUE BRIEF NO. 2 JANUARY 2014 [UPDATED] China, the United States and the Kachin Conflict By Yun Sun This issue brief examines the development of the Kachin conflict in northern Myanmar’s Kachin and Shan states, the negotiations between the Kachin Independence Organization (KIO) and the Myan- mar government, and the roles China and the United States have played in the conflict. KEY FINDINGS: 1 The prolonged Kachin conflict is a 3 The disagreements on terms have 5 Promoting national peace and major obstacle to Myanmar’s national hindered a formal cease-fire. In ad- reconciliation is a pillar of the US reconciliation and a challenging test dition, the existing economic inter- policy toward Myanmar. However, the for the democratization process. est groups profiting from the armed United States is being very careful not conflict have further undermined the to impose itself into the peace process prospect for progress. itself, including Kachin talks, given 2 The KIO and the Myanmar the government’s sensitivity that the government differ on the priority process remains an internal affair of between the cease-fire and the political 4 China intervened in the Kachin ne- the country. dialogue. Without addressing this gotiations in 2013 to protect its national difference, the nationwide peace interests. A crucial motivation was a accord proposed by the government concern about the “internationaliza- will most likely lack the KIO’s tion” of the Kachin issue and the poten- participation. tial US role along the Chinese border. -
Ethnic Education and Mother Tongue-Based Teaching in Myanmar
Schooling and Conflict: Ethnic Education and Mother Tongue-based Teaching in Myanmar Ashley South and Marie Lall February 2016 Acknowledgements Our thanks go to the respondents in Mon, Kachin and Karen (Kayin) and Kachin States as well as those we met in Yangon and other parts of Myanmar, Thailand and China. Particular thanks to the Mon National Education Committee and to Mi Sar Dar and Mi Kun Chan Non, to Mi Morchai, and to friends in Myitkyina including Saya- ma Lu Awn and Michael Mun Awng. We would also like to thank Sumlut Gun Maw, all at Mai Ja Yang College,- Nai Hongsa and P’doh Tah Do Moo, and Alan Smith, Matt Desmond, Professor Joe Lo Bianco, and Professor Chayan Vaddhanaphuti. Thanks to Michael Woods and Pharawee Koletschka for copy-editing. About the authors Dr. Ashley South is an independent analyst and consultant. He has a PhD from the Australian National Uni- versity and an MSc from the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS, University of London), and is a Re- search Fellow at the Centre for Ethnic Studies and Development at Chiang Mai University. His primary research interests include ethnic politics in Myanmar/Burma and Mindanao (armed conflict and comparative peace processes, politics of language and education, peacebuilding policy and practice), humanitarian protection and forced migration (refugees and internally displaced people). For a list of Dr. South’s publications, see: www. AshleySouth.co.uk. Professor Marie Lall, FRSA is a South Asia expert (India, Pakistan and Burma/Myanmar) specialising in political issues and education. She has over 20 years of experience in the region, conducting extensive fieldwork and has lived both in India and Pakistan. -
Still Overlooked – Communities Affected by Jade
STILL OVERLOOKED Communities affected by jade mining operations in Myanmar, and the responsibilities of companies providing machinery. Report #97 Swedwatch is an independent not-for-profit organisation that conducts in-depth research on the impacts of businesses on human rights and the environment. The aim of the organisation is to contribute towards reduced poverty and sustainable social and environmental develop- ment through research, encouraging best practice, knowledge-sharing and dialogue. Swedwatch has six member organisations: Afrikagrupperna, ACT Church of Sweden, Diakonia, Fair Action, Solidarity Sweden-Latin America, and the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (SSNC). This report, which can be downloaded at www.swedwatch.org, is authored by Swedwatch. The report has been conducted with support from ACT Church of Sweden. Author: Therese Sjöström Jaekel Photos: Zaw Moe Htet Illustrations: Daniel Fagerström Layout: Birgersson Produktion, Åse Bengtsson Helin Publisher: Alice Blondel Published: 10 June 2020 ISBN: 978-91-88141-30-9 Cover: The moment in which a truck unloads mining waste is dangerous as large numbers of informal jade diggers line up, ready to rush onto the pile. Many accidents occur, where diggers may break their arms or legs, or injure their heads from falling rocks. This report has been financed by the Government of Sweden. Responsibility for the content lies entirely with the creator. The Government of Sweden does not necessarily share the expressed views and interpretations. Table of contents Executive summary