ubtished by the Ukrainian National Association inc.. a fraternal non-profit association rainian Weekly

vol. LVIII No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, i990 50 cents

1NS1DE: Our year-end issue Ukrainian Parliament designates "1990: A LOOK BACK" Christmas, Easter as holidays Parliament discussed proposals for a Supreme Soviet law 6n ownership, a law on budget and finances, and the concept of a union concludes session treaty as proposed by Soviet President KlEv - The Supreme Soviet of the Mikhail Gorbachev. Ukrainian SSR adjourned its second As well, the Parliament completed session here on December 26 by adopt– discussions of a law on introducing ing a law making Christmas, Easter and changes and amendments to the consti– the Feast of the Holy Trinity legal tution and created a Constitutional holidays in the republic. Commission that will prepare a draft of a new republican constitution. The 50- The measure had been introduced by member body is chaired by Mr. Krav– deputies of the democratic bloc who chuk. acted on a request by both the Ukrai– Also during the session, the Parlia– nian Greek-Catholic Church and the ment brought articles of the Ukrainian Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox SSR Constitution into line with the July Church, reported the Respublika news 16 Declaration of State Sovereignty of agency. Ukraine. One of the most notable Leonid Kravchuk, chairman of the changes was the deletion Of Article 6 Supreme Soviet, took the occasion to whicfi provides for the leading role of express best wishes to all faithful in the Communist Party. л Ukraine. Beginning on page 3, this special annual issue of The Weekly offers a review of in economic matters, the Parliament Ukraine in transition, the rebirth of Ukrainian Churches, the Ukrainian diaspora, Similar measures making Christmas heard the new prime minister, vitold Chornobyl aid, the Helsinki process, the political realm, the Demjanjuk case and a legal holiday were reportedly passed Fokin, announce plans to increase other notable events, as well as people in the news in 1990. in both the volhynia and Lviv oblasts. development of the consumer goods Also on the final day of the Parlia– industry, reduce economic contribu– ment session, deputies approved a tions to Moscow and transfer control proposal that will decrease Ukraine's over almost all enterprises to republi– Founding conference of Rukh groups contribution of certain foodstuffs to the can government control. all-union supply. Perhaps most signifi– The prime minister also reported to in U.S. slated for January 26-27 cant is the fact that meat products Parliament that Ukraine will have a delivered by Ukraine to all-union deficit of 11.9 billion rubles in 1991. CH1CAGO - The Rukh Conven– inanities in North America, ivan authorities will decrease from 570,000 However, that deficit could be sub– tion Committee, which is the organizing Drach, president of Rukh, and Mr. to 370,000 tons. stantially reduced, he noted, through committee for the nationwide founding Horyn have been invited as guest The Parliament is to resume its work republican control of all enterprises, conference of Rukh support commit– speakers to the coherence. on February 1,1991, after the New Year including the coal mining and metallur– tees, met on December 15. Every existing Rukh support com– and Christmas holidays. gical industries. The convention committee was (Continued on page 15) During its second session, which was Mr. Fokin also said that he foresees created at a meeting of leaders of convened on October 1, Ukraine's introduction of a Ukrainian currency. various Rukh support committees and Ukraine's deputies organizations with Mykhailo Horyn, For the record first vice-chairman of Rukh and chairman of the political council, to all-union congress September 29 in New York, and was New census statistics on Ukraine given a mandate to organize a nation- speak on union treaty JERSEY C1TY, N.J. - Detailed cent), a third of the Russians, a wide conference in order to coordinate MOSCOW - Thirty-seven people's results of the 1989 census in Ukraine quarter of the Greeks and a fifth of and strengthen North American aid to deputies from Ukraine participating in were recently made available in Kiev, the Germans who reside in Ukraine Ukraine. the current session of the USSR Con– in the weekly Ukraina (No. 33), in an speak the Ukrainian language well. The meeting was chaired by Anatole gress of People's Deputies on December article by irena Prybytkova. Russian is spoken fluently by Lysyj, and the following members of the 20 released a statement emphasizing The current figures indicate that almost half of the total population, committee were present: Bohdan Bura– that decisiorii of the аІЬшіі?п Congress Ukraine's population has grown to with a similar ratio reflected among chinsky, Bohdan Futey, Julian Kulas, concerning trie union treaty are null and 51.7 million persons, 72.6 percent ethnic Ukrainians. Only 0.5 percent John Oleksyn and Lubomyr Tatukh. void, as the fate of the union treaty is to (that is, 37.5 million people) of whom of the republic's population speaks Walter Sochan (who was unable to fly be determined by the people and Parlia– are Ukrainian; Russians comprise 22 other languages; among Ukrainians, to Chicago due to inclement weather) ments of the sovereign republics them– percent of the population (11.37 a mere 0.001 percent are proficient in was represented by Gloria Paschen. selves. million); and the remaining 5.4 any language other than Ukrainian The committee decided that the The statement was released prior to percent (2.8 million) represent varied and Russian. conference would take place January the Congress of People's Deputies ethnic backgrounds. Of the total number of Ukrainians 26-27, 1991, at the Holiday inn Jetport, session that day by a group that in– Statistics of language usage seem in the USSR, 84.7 percent reside in near Newark international Airport. cluded Dr. Yuriy Shcherbak, Oles to indicate that the Russification Ukraine, while the remainder live in The program of the conference will Honchar, Dmytro Pavlychko, Serhiy process has abated since Ukrainian other republics. Of the latter group, include election of the conference Riabchenko, volodymyr Yavorivsky, was named the native language by 4.4 million live in Russia; 900,000 in presidium, election of the coordinating Serhiy Koniev, valeriy Hryshchuk and 87.7 percent of Ukrainians (32.8 Kazakhstan; 600,000 in Moldavia; organ's board of directors, the adoption others, reported the Respublika press million); among the non-Ukrainian 290,000 in Byelorussia; and 154,000 of by-laws and various reports. agency. citizens (27.4 percent of the total in Uzbekistan. The conference will also feature a in connection with their statement, population), 13.3 percent said they Of the Ukrainians living in Russia, presentation given by representatives of the 37 Ukrainian deputies said they speak Ukrainian fluently. 42.8 percent have retained the Ukrai– Rukh to explain Rukh's actual needs would not participate in the sessions at A further breakdown shows that nian language; in Kazakhstan, the and how those needs can be realized which the union treaty was discussed or almost half of the Jews (46.5 per– (Continued on page 14) through the efforts of Ukrainian com– voted upon. 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, ШО No. 52

Faces and Places

by Myron B. Kuropas

Predictions past and present "Christmas Eve" PART И The characterization of Gogol's A year ago 1 made some predictions Stalin will be smiling in their graves. Patsiuk developed fundamental regarding the world's Ukrainians during The KGB will "discover" OUN in– Nikolai Soloviev changes: he is a lazy glutton no longer, the 1990s. fluence throughout Ukraine and begin but a patriotic, romantic Zaporozhian Among other things, 1 predicted that: harassing outspoken Ukrainian leaders. Nikolai Soloviev (1846-1916), Rus– (Continued on page 15) the Ukrainian Autocephalous Ortho– Dissatisfaction with Ukraine's demo– sian composer, critic and teacher, dox Church would be re-established in cratic bloc will increase as Ukraine's composed the opera "Kuznets vakula" Kiev; the Ukrainian SSR would become economic woes multiply. (Уакиїа the Blacksmith) to Polonsky's libretto. Written in 1875, the work a true federal republic; fraternal ties While Ukrainian Catholics and Orth– would be maintained between Russia premiered May 11, 1880, in St. Peters- dox continue bickering over church burg. and Ukraine to the mutual benefit of property, ecclesiastical turf and "foreign both; Svoboda and The Ukrainian influences" upon their respective "Grove's Dictionary of Music and Weekly would have their own corres– churches, Ukraine's Protestants, un– Musicians" (fifth edition) has this to pondent in Ukraine; Ukrainian entre– encumbered by such concerns, will say: "Soloviev had entered the competi– preneurs from Europe and North Ame– continue to reach the Ukrainian masses tion organized by the Grand Duchess rica would begin pouring into Ukraine by providing them with what they want Helena Pavlovna and the imperial to establish joint ventures. most — spiritual renewal through the Russian Music Society for an opera set Although at the time some people Word of Jesus Christ. More evange– to Polonsky's libretto derived from told me that my predictions were so lists from the United States and the Gogol's 'Christmas Eve Revels.' The much wishful thinking, much of what І Western world will come to Ukraine in prize was won by Tchaikovsky's 'Уа- predicted has already come to pass. search of converts. kula the Smith,' that composer having The Ukrainian Autocephalous Or– taken the precaution to render his Mired in a no-win situation in the thodox Church has been re-established; manuscript recognizable by the judges. Middle East, President George Bush the Ukrainian SSR declared its sove– Soloviev's music was considered by will turn a blind eye toward the Soviet reignty; Russian president Boris Yeltsin some superior to that of his formidable Union and reject entreaties from in- visited Ukraine and signed an agree– competitor. The opera was produced in dependence-minded republics for unila– ment establishing bilateral ties; Svo– 1880, when the composer received an teral assistance. American public opi– boda and The Ukrainian Weekly will ovation and a laurel crown, and it nion will support the president. soon - very soon — have their own subsequently became a repertory work." More and more American Jews will correspondents in Ukraine; Ukrainian join in the mounting vendetta to dte– Rare photo of Mykola Lysenko taken entrepreneurs from the free woi:ia are- Mykola tysenkp credit Patrick Buchanan as a closet anti- beginning to enjoy modest success in ca. 1885, Semite for his criticism of OS1, his Ukraine. Mykola Lysenku (1842-1912), noted defense of John Demjanjuk, and his composer, pianist and music activist, І also predicted that the world's displeasure with certain israeli policies. Ukrainian Catholic bishops would hold founder of a national school in Ukrai– Anxious to deflect attacks on israeli nian music, composed the comic-lyrical a synod in Ukraine and Pope John Paul practices, some American Jews will 11 would install Ukraine's first Catholic opera "Rizdviana Nich" (Christmas continue to raise the spectre of anti- Night) to the libretto by Mykhailo patriarch. І believe this will happen in Semitism until the concept is totally 1991. Starytsky, with whom the composer trivialized. collaborated in regard to libretto, i.e. І 'm holding to my predictions that the The Ukrainian-Jewish dialogue in t adapting Gogol!s story for the stage. israeli Supreme Court will order a new Chicago will issue a statement con– The opera premiered February 8, 1883, trial for John Demjanjuk; that the demning anti-Semitism and supporting in Kharkiv (this was the third version, Office of Special investigations (OS1) Rukh in its efforts to gain freedom for composed 1877-1982; the first two will be discredited during a Congres– Ukraine. versions are lost). sional hearing; that Hlinois Sen. Walter As more and more Ukrainian Ameri– The libretto by Starytsky and the Dudycz will become America's first can attention is focused on Ukraine, our composer is in some ways different from congressman of all-Ukrainian paren– community will continue to decline. the original literary picture of Gogol. tage; that a Center of Ukrainian Stu– Church and fraternal membership will The librettists have amplified some– dies will open at the University of reach a 10-year low. what the images of Ukrainian manners Hlinois; that the University of Toronto Attempts to unite UCCA and UACC and customs, developed further the Press will become the premier publisher will fizzle as both sides grow more mass scenes of rituals, and introduced of significant Ukrainian scholarship; comfortable with their own mediocrity their own personages such as Odarka, that the University of Minnesota will and growing irrelevance. Marusia and Hrytsko. Lysenko's wife, Olha. inaugurate a Center for Ukrainian Renewed interest in the early history immigration History; and that Ukraine of Ukrainian immigrants in the U.S. will declare its independence. and Canada will be generated by the The coming year will be a decisive, University of Toronto Press with publi– FOUNDED 1933 albeit difficult, year for Ukrainians. І cations focusing on their roots and Ukrainian Weekly aspirations. believe that during the next 12 months... An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Mikhail Gorbachev's commitment to The UNA executive will form a 100th Association inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ. the preservation of the Union of Soviet anniversary committee and begin 07302. Socialist Republics and state ownership making plans for a worldwide celebra– of all land will provoke violent con– tion of Svoboda in 1993 (only two short Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, NJ. 07302. frontations throughout the various years away) and the UNA in 1994, ^^^^^^(1SSN - 0273-9348)^^^^^^ republics, including Ukraine. People will be reminded that Svoboda is Confrontations, many of which will the oldest continuously published Yearly subscription rate: S20; for UNA members - S10. be precipitated by the KGB, will be the Ukrainian-language newspaper in the Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. signal for the American left to launch a world. campaign to convince the American Plans for the 1994 UNA convention The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: people that the disintegration of the in Kiev will be put on hold until the (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201) 451-2200 Soviet Union will lead to political situation in Ukraine is clarified. instability in the region and a rise in All factions of the OUN will not unite Postmaster, send address national chauvinism, inter-ethnic con– as 1 predicted a year ago. changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz flict, and anti-Semitism. Maintaining Nor will Joseph Lesawyer reconcile Associate Editors: Marta Kolomayets the Pax Sovietica will become the goal himself with his 1978 loss to John Flis The Ukrainian Weekly P.O. Box 346 Chrystyna Lapychak of many U.S. media pundits. and heal with Walter Klawsnik, Andy Jersey City, NJ. 07303 History will repeat as the United Keybida, Walter Sochan, Taras Szma– States once again rushes to the assis– gala and Ulana Diachuk. The Ukrainian Weekly, December 30, 1990, No. 52, vol. Lvill tance of the Soviet Union with financial Mjke Ditka's Chicago Bears, hoxy– Copyright 1990 by The Ukrainian Weekly aid and material assistance. Lenin and eve'r, will win the Super Bowl. " v No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 з

1990: A LOOK BACK

western regions, either by local of the Ukrainian National Republic. 7990; Ukraine in transition official decree or by vandals. The Ukrainian SSR Supreme So– The year 1990 in historical terms Among the winners in the March 4 Forty-two city and oblast councils viet of the 12th Convocation held its can be divided into two parts: before races were a number of former in which the Democratic Bloc either f і rst session May 15 to August 3. The and after July 16. During the first political prisoners, including, vya– holds seats or has a majority gather– ideological divisions within the new half of the year our coverage reflect– cheslav Chornovil, the brothers ed in Dniprodzerzhynskein late July Parliament soon became clearer: ed the accelerating momentum Mykhailo and Bohdan Horyn, Ste– and founded the Association of the bloc of conservative Commu– leading up to the new Ukrainian pan Khmara, lryna Kalynets, Levko Democratic Councils, which would nists, now called the Group of 239; Parliament's Declaration on State Lukianenko, Bohdan Rebryk and serve as a political base for the the Democratic Bloc, which evolved Sovereignty of Ukraine, which cry– Henrikh Altunian. Also winning Democratic Bloc. The association into the National Council with 125 stallized the expressions of a newly seats were Rukh leaders І van Drach elected Ukrainian SSR People's deputies; and the centrists, which politicized population's desire for and volodymyr Yavorivsky, while Deputy Serhiy Koniev as its would vote either way depending on democracy and independence. then Ukrainian Communist Party president the issue. The road to this declaration was leader volodymyr lvashko was Close to 20 political parties have Throughout the first session large difficult for a nation which for de- forced into a runoff, which he later been formed in Ukraine during 1990 crowds of constituents, sometimes cades had been essentially forced or won. with some of the better-known in– numbering hundreds or thousands, deceived into passivity and fear. All Democratic candidates scored cluding, the Ukrainian Republican gathered in a cordoned-off area on the new public organizations, creat– even further impressive victories in Party, the Green Party of Ukraine, the plaza in front of the Supreme ed over the last few years, and led by the March 18 run-off elections, the Party of the Democratic Rebirth Soviet building. Most of these were Rukh, the Popular Movement of particularly in Kiev where they took of Ukraine and the Democratic Party there to protest against the actions Ukraine, had their work cut but for 15 out of 22 seats and in the oblasts of Ukraine. of the Communist bloc and reflect– them. of Lviv, Ternopil and lvano-Fran– During a two-day congress in late ed growing popular support for the Last January, as the registration kivske where they won 43 out of 47 April, the well-known Ukrainian opposition. of candidates for the all important seats, it appeared then that the Helsinki Union was disbanded and This popular reaction was intensi– March 4 republican-wide elections Democratic Bloc had won around 90 on the basis of the informal group fied by a parliamentary vote in May to the Ukrainian SSR Supreme So– yiet and local councils was com– pleted, a yet legally unregistered Rukh was planning an unprecedent– ed event for January 21. On that day, hundreds of thou– sands of smiling, flag-waving Ukrai– nians and people of other nationali– ties joined hands for 300 miles between Kiev, Lviv and lvano-Fran– kivske in a symbolic human chain commemorating the January 22, 1918, proclamation of Ukrainian independence and the act of re- unification of Ukrainian lands one year later. The human chain rallied the masses around the ideas of national unity and independence and gave much-needed publicity to the candi– dates of the Democratic Bloc, a coalition of democratic groups who had the legal right to put forth candidates, such as the Ukrainian Language Society. "Slava Ukraini": Lviv deputies cheer the adoption on July 16 of the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine. Rukh's registration as an official From left are: Mykhailo Batih, Orest viokh, Bohdan and Mykhailo Horyn, Yevhen and lhor Hryniv, lhor Derkach, organization by the Ukrainian SSR's lvan Drach, Roman lvanychuk, lryna Kalynets and Mykhailo Shvaika. Council of Ministers was delayed until February 9 and as a result it seats in the new parliament. formed the Ukrainian Republican allowing live coverage of parliamen– could not put forth its own candi– Perhaps the most dramatic results Party. The new party, which elected tary proceedings on Ukrainian radio dates for the parliamentary and of the March elections occurred former political prisoner and and full recorded broadcast on local elections of March 4. where the Democratic Bloc won a people's deputy Mr. Lukianenko as Ukrainian Tv, exposing millions of Different segments of Ukraine's majority of seats in city and oblast its chairman, adopted a program Ukraine's residents for the first time population became actively politi– councils: the cities of Kiev, Lviv, calling for "the creation of an inde– to the democratic bloc's positions. cized during 1990, particularly the Ternopil and lvano-Frankivske, and pendent Ukrainian state'1 as its student movement, which actually the Lviv, Ternopil and lvano-Fran– primary goal. The first session of the new Ukrai– held a nationwide strike in February kivske Oblast Councils. The Party of the Democratic Re- nian Parliament concentrated on on a list of demands, including a halt To add to the drama, a leading birth of Ukraine, based on the for– the formation of a new Ukrainian to political repression of students, national rights activist, Mr. Chor– mer Democratic Platform of the government, elections of its own and end to the teaching of Marxism- novil, was elected chairman of the Communist Party, held its founding officers and parliamentary com– Leninism and military instruction in new Lviv Oblast Council in mid- congress in early December, pledg– mittees, and elections of a new higher education and improved April, calling for the region to take ing to use legal means to dismantle Council of Ministers. living standards. The independent the lead in the struggle for an inde– the Soviet system^ The dramatic first race for the Ukrainian Students' Union orga– pendent Ukrainian state and be– The Democratic Party of Ukraine chairmanship of the Supreme Soviet nized the strike, which resulted in come "a kind of island of freedom was founded in Kiev on December started with 12 candidates, in– the administrative arrests of 11 in which we must put an end to the 15, electing former political prisoner cluding then Ukrainian Communist students. totalitarian regime...a faulty econo– Yuriy Badzio as its chairman. Party chief Mr. lvashko and 11 Defying ordersfrom the Ukrainian mic mechanism and the usurpation During a session of its Great representatives of the Democratic SSR government banning public of power by the Communist Party." Council, held in Khust in late March, Bloc or independent progressives. demonstrations of support for the Among their first acts, many of the Rukh leaders voted against a propo– One explanation for the initial lacge Republic of Lithuania's March 11 new city and oblast councils voted sal on Rukh becoming an opposi– number of candidates, which declaration of independence, hun– to legalize the outlawed blue-and– tion political party as announced in included prominent leaders of Rukh dreds of thousands of people in yellow Ukrainian national flag and a March 4 declaration signed by 15 and the URP, was their access to the cities throughout Ukraine demon– raised the flag above their council of its most prominent leaders. The media. Every candidate had one strated in March and April for the buildings: in Lviv and many of the delegates voted to maintain Rukh's hour to express his views before the Lithuanian people's right to self- towns in Lviv Oblast, Ternopil, social and political diversity so that parliament and all the speeches determination. lvano-Frankivske, Kiev, and Zhyto– it would remain a consolidating were broadcast live on Ukrainian Despite reports of rampant viola– myr and several smaller cities and force in Ukraine. radio and television. tions of the electoral law in the towns as far east as the Ukrainian An association of radical pro- Only four candidates remained March 4 elections, candidates from capital. independence groups, called the when the vote took place on June 4, the Democratic Bloc won virtual As the flags went up in the spring inter-Party Assembly, was formed in including Mr. lvashko, two centrist landslide victories in the western the monuments of viadimir Lenin, late July, electing former political candidates and Prof, lhor Yukhnov– Ukrainian oblasts on the national founder of Bolshevism, went down prisoner Anatoliy Lupynis as its sky of the opposition. All the and local levels, while the majority throughout the summer and fall leader. The primary aim of the new others withdrew in favor of Prof. of 450 seats in the Ukrainian Parlia– months in the cities of Chervono– association, which declared itself Yukhnovsky and in protest against ment were forced into run-off elec– hrad, Lviv, Ternopil, Chernivtsi, the only legal power body in U– the concentration of power in Mr. tions on March 1jBL-.v,v-... Kolomyia and smaller towns in the kraine, is the immediate restoration lvashko's hands. The party leader 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 No. 52

1990: A LOOK BACK was elected to the post with 60 A rather humiliating moment percent of the vote with more than in Ukraine's Parliament lead– 100 opposition deputies boycotting ing up to the July 16 declara– the elections. tion, according to several deputies, As a compromise in light of was a comment made by then popular opposition to his holding British Prime Minister Marnaret the leadership positions of both the Thatcher during an address to the Parliament and the CPU, Mr. legislature on June 9, which lvashko withdrew his candidacy for reduced Ukraine to colonial status the post of party boss at a CPU within the USSR in relation's with congress on June 22. His second Great Britain. secretary in the party, Stanislav The Declaration on State Sove– Hurenko, was overwhelmingly reignty of Ukraine was overwhel– elected in Mr. lvashko's place. mingly approved by the Ukrainian Soon afterwards, on July 11, Mr. Parliament by a vote of 355 for and lvashko resigned from his post as four against. The document decrees chairman of the Ukrainian Parlia– that Ukrainian SSR laws take prece– ment following his election to the dence on Ukrainian territory over newly created position of deputy all-union laws, and declares that the Members of Kiev's Democratic Bloc protest a decision of the Supreme Soviet general secretary of the CPSU: i.e. Ukrainian SSR will maintain its own by abstaining from voting. Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's army and its own national bank and, radical laws on specific issues. felt by the deputies in putting the right hand man in the ail-Union if necessary, has the power to On July 30, the Supreme Soviet Declaration on State Sovereignty party leadership. introduce its own currency. adopted a resolution on military into law and working on a new con– Mr. lvashko's resignation sent in addition, the declaration pro- service, which demanded that U– stitution on its basis before any dis– Shockwaves through Ukraine's claims that the republic is "a krainian soldiers serving in "regions cussions on a new union treaty. Supreme Soviet as well as the rest of permanently neutral state that does of national conflict such as Armenia During the break between ses– the republic and is often cited by not participate in military blocs," and Azerbaidzhan" be returned to sions, deputies of Ukraine's Parlia– observers as a significant moti– and states that the republic will not the territory of Ukraine by October ment participated in an unusual vating force behind the Communist accept, will not produce,and will not 1. The deadline for the return of event, addressing crowds estimated bloc's surprisingly quick accep– procure nuclear weapons. other soldiers to Ukraine was De– in the hundreds of thousands, which tance of the Declaration on Though the declaration stopped cember 1 and new draftees called up gathered in the southern Ukrainian Ukraine's State Sovereignty. short of calling for Ukraine's in September would riot leave the cities of Nykopil and Zaporizhzhia On July 23, Leonid Kravchuk, the secession from the USSR, many territory of the republic. to celebrate 500 years of Kozak new CPU second secretary, was observers have pointed out that it history. Organized by Rufch, the On August 1, the Ukrainian Parlia– elected chairman of the Supreme goes further than similar steps Days of Kozak Glory were aimed at ment voted overwhelmingly to close Soviet of Ukraine, carrying 239 toward sovereignty taken by other spreading the Ukrainian national down the Chomobyl nuclear pbwer votes. Soviet republics, particularly in the renewal to this heavily Russified Station and work on an energy During a June 15 session, the provisions regarding armed forces industrial area. program that would eventually eli– Ukrainian Parliament elected depu– and non-participation in any minate all atomic power stations Also taking place during this time ties from the Democratic Bloc to military bloc. from Ukraine, it also adopted a five- was a monthlong culturological chair seven standing parliamentary All 15 Soviet republics declared year moratorium on the construc– walk, called Dzvin, throughout U– committees: Dmytro Pavlychko as sovereignty by the end of 1990: the tion of nuclear power and high kraine, which attracted Ukrainian head of the foreign affairs commit– Baltic states have gone farther, capacity radar stations in response youth from various regions as well tee, Oleksander Kotsiuba as head of asserting their independence. to Ukraine's ecological crisis. as from the diaspora, as a means of the law committee, Les Taniuk as Adoption of the declaration was touching base with people living in head of the culture committee, Mr. greeted by the people's deputies On August 3, the Ukrainian legis– Russified regions. Yukhnovsky as head of the educa– with a standing ovation and tu– lature passed a law on economic The second session of the Ukrai– tion and science committee, Pavlo multuous applause. Later that day, sovereignty, in an attempt at return– nian Supreme Soviet convened on vitsiak as head of the health the deputies voted 339-5 to proclaim ing Ukraine's economy back to October 1 amid mass demonstra– committee, Mykola Zaludiak as July 16 a national holiday in U– republican control. The adoption of tions calling for the resignation of its head of the ecology committee, and kraine. laws realizing specific points of this volodymyr Yavorivsky as head of chairman, Mr. Kravchuk and vitaliy During the last days of its first his– law on economic sovereignty was Masol, the prime minister and left- the Chomobyl committee. Another toric session, the Ukrainian Parlia– taken up by the Parliament during democratic deputy, volodymyr over of the previous regime. Nearly ment focused on realizing point-by- its second session in the fall. 100,000 protesters, who had partici– Pylypchuk, was chosen as head of point some of the principles of the The speed with which these laws the economic committee. pated in a September 30 rally in Kiev declaration by passing some rather were passed reflected the urgency against the union treaty proposed by Mr. Gorbachev, marched past the Parliament building on Kirov Street carrying signs and shouting "Freedom for Ukraine," "No Union Treaty" and "Out with Masol and Kravchuk." That day the National Council deputies walked out of the session in protest when the conservative majority of 239 voted to uphold a ban on public gatherings in the square facing the Parliament build– ing. ' On October 2 some 150 students from various Ukrainian cities de– clared a hunger strike on a list of demands similar to those demanded by the National Council in Parlia– ment: the resignation of Prime Mi– nister Masol, new multi-party elec– tions in the spring, the nationaliza– tion of Communist Party property, rejection of a new union treaty, and the return of all Ukrainian soldiers from beyond the republic's borders. The student camp or tent city at the front of the Lenin monument on October Revolution Square became the focus of attention in Kiev and throughout the republic during the dramatic events that followed. in capitulation to student hunger ^' Mykhailo Shuliak strikes and massive protests Mr. Tent city erected by students on a hunger strike since October 2 at October Revolution Square on Kiev's main Masol submitted his resignation as boulevard, Mm Khreshchatyk. prime minister on October 17 and an No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, mo

1990: A LOOK BACK

overwhelming majority in the Parlia– Exarchate into the Ukrainian Auto– ment resolved to uphold the stu–' Freedom to worship nomous Orthodox Church - also dents' demands. The Supreme So– After seven decades of religious Church and the resurrection of the the UAOC - has generated pro– viet voted to hold a referendum on oppression, the faithful in the Soviet Ukrainian Catholic Church, has blems not only among the hierarchs confidence in the Parliament in 1991 Union were legally granted the right allowed many an occasion for be– and cleargy but also among the and multi-party elections if the to worship in October, when the lievers to express their religious faithful, who, often confused, do not results of the vote demand itjto pass Soviet Parliament passed a new fervor, to manifest their newly re– know what Church to pledge alle– laws on voluntary military service "Law on Freedom of Conscience vived freedom to worship. giance to. beyond the republic's borders, and– and Religious Organizations." Perhaps the most recent of these to create a commission on nationali– Through the centuries, St. Sophia historic events was the October 20 Cathedral, the Cathedral of Holy zation of Communist Party pro– arrival of Patriarch Mstyslav І of Kiev perty. Wisdom, the majestic sobor built by and all Ukraine at St. Sophia Cathe– Prince Yaroslav the Wise in 1036 to The Parliament also voted to dral, ending a 46-year banishment commemorate the victory over the abstain from consideration of the from his native homeland. Elected Pechenihs, was the center of reli– new union treaty until the Declara– patriarch of the Ukrainian Autoce– gious, cultural, educational, national tion of Sovereignty is implemented. phalous Orthodox Church during and political life in Ukraine, in 1934, On October 23 the Supreme So– that Church's first Holy Synod held it was transformed into an architec– viet voted to delete Article 6 on the in Kiev, Ukraine's capital city, on tura! historical monument by the "leading role" of the Communist June 5 and 6, Metropolitan Mstyslav Soviet state, and only in June, during Party in society from the Ukrainian had tried to obtain a Soviet visa for the holy sobor of the reborn Constitution, while other articles of more than four months. Finally with Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox the constitution were brought on the assistance of USSR People's Church was it opened. This marked line with the Declaration on State Deputy Yuriy Sorochyk and other the first time since the second world Sovereignty. Ukrainian parliamentarians, he war that a divine liturgy was cele– On October 24 the legislature arrived in Ukraine, where he was brated in that house of worship. completed discussions on the intro– jubilantly welcomed by thousands duction of changes and amend– of faithful. On October 28, the St. Sophia complex was the site of a clash ments to the constitution and voted The UAOC took its first steps in for a constitutional commission, between adherents of the officially gaining official status in October sanctioned Ukrainian Orthodox composed of 50 elected members, 1989, when one Orthodox parish in authorized to prepare a draft of a Church and the UAOC. The trouble Lviv switched to autocephaly. With– began when it was learned that new contitution by May 1991. Mr. in less than one year, it claimed Kravchuk was elected head of the Russian Orthodox Church Patriarch eight hierarchs in Ukraine - loann, Aleksey planned to conduct a li– commission. Andriy, Danylo, vasyl, volodymyr, Rukh held its second congress on turgy there a week after the arrival of Antoniy, Roman and Mykolay, as Patriarch Mstyslav of the UAOC. October 25-28 in Kiev, declaring well as 2,500 declared autocepha– that its principal goal was no longer lous congregations. Patriarch Aleksey and Metropoli– perebudova but "renewal of inde– tan Filaret of Kiev did manage to pendent statehood for Ukraine" in March of 1990, the Moscow serve liturgy at St. Sophia that through peaceful means, and re- Patriarchate of the Russian Ortho– Sunday, but it was amid much electing Mr. Dramas its president, dox Church responded to the chal– chaos, as crowds of UAOC faithful A controversy erupted in Novem– lenge of the growing popularity of chanted "Shame" outside the com– ber surrounding the arrest of oppo– the Ukrainian Autocephalous Or– plex. UAOC faithful were aided by sition deputy Stepan Khmara in thodox Church by granting auto– democratic bloc deputies, among connection with an incident in– nomy to its Ukrainian Exarchate, them Mykhailo Horyn and Oles volving an officer of the Ministry of headed by Metropolitan Filaret of Shevchenko, who lay down in the internal Affairs preceding the No– Kiev, as the Ukrainian Orthodox path of the Russian patriarch's vember 7 commemorations of Octo– Church, it reorganized the Moscow limousine. They were dragged away ber Revolution Day. Patriarchate into three Churches - by militiamen. The UAOC faithful, Deputies of the National Council the Byelorussian Orthodox Church, with the support of Ukrainian Ca– and an Amnesty international ob– the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and tholics, attempted to "defend" St. server from Canada have protested the Russian Orthodox Church. Sophia Cathedral throughout the the treatment of the deputy from The Holy Synod of the Ukrainian weekend of October 26-28, at the Chervonohrad, the Parliament's Autocephalous Orthodox Church in time of the second all-Ukrainian November 14 vote stripping him of June officially proclaimed the full congress of the Popular Movement his parliamentary immunity and his independence of the Church from of Ukraine. brutal November 17 arrest in the the Moscow Patriarchate, declaring Although the Ukrainian Catholics Supreme Soviet, labelling the whole "We are the independent Church of were supportive of the UAOC ac– Patriarch Mstyslav 1 of Kiev and all the independent nation." affair a KGB provocation. Ukraine. tions in Kiev, in western Ukraine, Mr. Khmara, who is charged with The delegates of the synod sent long referred to as the bastion of abusing his authority under Article The law, which was under discus– telegrams to Soviet President Mik– Ukrainian Catholicism, anxiety con– 166 of the Ukrainian SSR Criminal sion in the USSR Supreme Soviet for hail S. Gorbachev, informing him Of tinues to be high and the drama Code, staged a hunger strike in two years, guarantees millions of the actions of the synod and asking mounts as believers struggle to Lukianivka prison from November believers the right to confess, prac– him to rehabilitate the repressed establish their UAOC, UOC or UCC 26 until December 13, when his tice and teach the faith of their and murdered priests of the UAOC bases. health deteriorated and he was choice, it also declares that all of the 1920s and 1930s, as well as the On April 6, the Lviv City Council moved to the prison hospital. He religions are equal under the law return of the church buildings, voted to return St. George Cathedral remains there awaiting trial. and bars the state from interfering in monasteries and other assets that to the Ukrainian Catholics, in hopes As 1990 draws to a close it ap– religious affairs. had belonged to the UAOC. Another that the Resurrection of the Lord be telegram was sent to the Sobor of pears that Ukraine has signed bila– Two other laws passed by the celebrated in that 18th century teral agreements of cooperation the Russian Orthodox Church in house of worship. However, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR earlier Zagorsk, informing that Church of with eight Soviet republics, by– in the year granted religious com– Russian Orthodox Church, to whom pasfeing the center in Moscow: Li– the newly established UAOC and the church was surrendered during munities substantial new rights. The reminding it of the forcible annexa– thuania, Latvia, Estonia, Byelorus– first, dealing with land rights, allows the Lviv pseudo-synod of 1946 sia, Russia, Uzbekistan, Azerbaid– tion of the Kievan Metropolitanate to (which liquidated the Ukrainian religious organizations the right to the Moscow Patriarchate in 1686. zhan and Kazakhstan. permanent or temporary tenure of Catholic Church in Ukraine), re- One of the more dramatic pacts land which they can use for "the The following day, on June 7, fused to yield to the demands of the was realized when the chairman of purpose of agriculture or forestry"; Metropolitan Aleksey of Leningrad city council. the Ukrainian and Russian Parlia– the second states that religious and Novgorod was elected the 15th The struggle to obtain St. George ments, Mr. Kravchuk and the mave– organizations may own buildings or patriarch of Moscow and all Russia. Ukrainian Catholic Church conti– rick Boris Yeltsin, signed a 10-year other facilities "essential to their For many Soviet analysts the synod nued for four months, until Sunday, bilateral agreement covering politi– activities." of the UAOC and the naming of August 19, when hundreds of thou– cal, economic, cultural and other Mstyslav as patriarch of Kiev and all sands of Ukrainian Catholics cele– issues during a November 19 visit by The passage of these laws conti– Ukraine just prior to the open– brated the first Ukrainian Catholic Mr. Yeltsin to Kiev. The leaders nues the religious liberalization ing of the Council of the Russian service to be held there in 44 years. emphasized that the pact was an processes that began with the cele– Orthodox Church is more than just But before reclaiming this pro– agreement between two sovereign brations of the Millennium of Chris– coincidence. perty as rightfully that of the Ukrai– and equal states and issued a joint tianity of Kievan Rus'f observed in The confusion caused by the nian Catholic Church, the Lviv Ob– statement demanding that the sove– 1988. renewal of the Ukrainian Autoce– iast Council stepped in to urge inter- reignty of the two republics be in Ukraine, the rise of religion, phalous Orthodox Church - the confessional harmony among the consistently respected by the USSR particularly the rebirth of the UAOC - and the reorganization of citizens of that city, responding to the Supreme Soviet. Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox ЇШ yoscow-affiliated Ukrainian mounting tension surrounding the 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 No. 52

1990: A LOOK BACK

return of the cathedral. Metropolitan Sterniuk, who repre– The action of the oblast council sented the Ukrainian Catholic deputies followed a tense demon– Church in these negotiations, called stration, when crowds, estimated at the commission a body that has 30,000 Ukrainian Catholics, march– perpetuated the repression of the ed down the streets of that western Church. The vatican, which was Ukrainian city, demanding the re- represented by Archbishop Miro– turn of the cathedral. slav Marusyn and Ukrainian Catho– The last phase of the return of St. lic Metropolitan Stephen Sulyk of George was completed when the United States, seemed willing to the metropolitan's residence of the "give away bur churches," he said. Cathedral of St. George was return– Although representatives of the ed to the Ukrainian Catholic Church quadripartite commission conti– on November 21. nued meeting throughout the year, in an attempt to find mutual un– in mid-September the representa– derstanding, the leaders of the tives of the Moscow Patriarchate Ukrainian Catholic Church and the broke off talks, stating that it was Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox impossible to hold discussions with Church, Metropolitan volodymyr the Catholics. Sterniuk and Patriarch Mstyslav l, The Catholic Church in Ukraine met publicly during November 1 however, continues to hold its celebrations of the 1918 proclama– sacred place in western Ukraine, tion of the Western Ukrainian Na– establishing a strong base as the tional Republic. faithful prepare to welcome Cardi– However, their embrace remain– nal Myroslav lvan Lubachivsky. ed only a public display, and did not Currently residing in Rome, he will, culminate in any kind of meeting; take his rightful place at the seat of the future of the relationship be– the Ukrainian Catholic Church in tween these two Churches, their Lviv on Palm Sunday of 1991. hierarchs and their faithful conti– Although very little is known nues to unfold in these turbulent about religious life in Ukraine times of religious confrontation, and outside the Ukrainian Catholic cooperation, leading one UOC and Orthodox communities, ac– bishop to label the situation a poten– cording to Pastor Olexa Harbuziuk, tial "spiritual Chornobyl." president of the All-Ukrainian The Ukrainian Catholic Church, Evangelical Baptist Fellowship, now officially registered and even based in Berwyn, ill., there is a recognized by Metropolitan Filaret Ukrainian revival in Baptist of Kiev, flourished throughout 1990, Churches in Ukraine, and in order to as more churches were opened, as help these people in their spiritual parishes continued to go through life, his fellowship has shipped more the process of registration. than 35,000 Bibles to the faithful in Early in the year, the Cathedral of Ukraine. the Resurrection in lvano-Frankiv– Another religious leader, who has ske and the Monastery of the Trans- aided Ukrainians, bringing more figuration in Hoshiv were returned than 140,000 Bibles into the country, Thousands of Ukrainian Catholic faithful march through the streets of Lviv to the UCC. Another landmark event among these 75,000 children's on August 19, the day St. George Cathedral was returned to the Ukrainian in 1990 was the registration of the Bibles, distributed through the Catholic Church. Lviv Church of the Transfiguration, Ukrainian Language Society, is sobor to discuss the current status visit, Bishop Losten, who was also the largest church in Lviv and the Pastor John Shep (Yaroslav Shepe– of the Ukrainian Autocephalous appointed emissary for Church first to declare itself Ukrainian Ca– lavec) of the "Thoughts of Faith" Orthodox Church in Ukraine and to development in Ukraine by Cardinal tholic, on October 29, 1989. ministry of the Evangelical Luthe– examine ways the diaspora can Myroslav lvan Lubachivsky, head of Toward the end of the year, the ran Church, Missouri Synod. He assist it. The daylong sobor, held on the Ukrainian Catholic Church, Ukrainian Catholic community in attended the historic sobor of the February 2, passed 19 resolutions inspected seminaries, convents, Kiev, which numbers 25,000 be– reborn Ukrainian Autocephalous and two appeals. monasteries and printing plants, lievers, was officially registered but Orthodox Church in June, it was The resolutions expressed sup- currently owned by the Soviet state did not yet have a building in which also through his efforts that more port for the renewal of the Ukrainian and city councils, but once Ukrai– to conduct services. than 40,000 Bibles were distributed Autocephalous Orthodox Church in nian Catholic Church property. Hope for future leaders for the to the young people in Lviv who Ukraine, condemned the imperialis– Bishop Losten estimated that there Ukrainian Catholic Church remains attended the Youth for Christ rally in tic policies of the Russian Ortho– is an immediate need for a S10 strong as seminaries are renewed early September. dox Church and deplored the inter- million reconstruction program. for young theology students, with The rally, titled "Seeking Christ," confessional conflict which broke it was also Bishop Losten's epar– more than 400 applying to train for included "a program of evangeliza– out between the Ukrainian Catho– chy of Stamford that this year the priesthood during the first half of tion and a week of Christian Culture, lics and Orthodox Ukrainians in signed an agreement between the 1990. bringing to life an idea first Galicia last year. Stamford Diocese and the Catholic The hierarchs in Ukraine also presented by Metropolitan Andrey The Ukrainian Orthodox Church Legal immigration Network inc., to began working together during their Sheptytsky in 1933. The rally of the USA also elevated Bishop facilitate immigration procedures first synod since the liquidation of brought together 40,000, who Antony of New York to the rank of for Ukrainians seeking to enter the Ukrainian Catholic Church in gathered at Lviv's Ukraina Stadium Archbishop of New York and Wash– to the United States. 1946, on January 23. The council to renew their baptismal vows. ington during Patriarch Mstyslav's in Washington, the issue of free– declared the 1946 synod invalid and enthronement ceremonies in Kiev. dom of religion was also discussed uncanonical and stated that the Meanwhile, back in the West, the The Ukrainian Catholic Church in on at least two occasions with U.S. Church will now function as a fully Ukrainian Greek Orthodox Church Ukraine found both financial and government officials and leading legal entity within the Soviet Union. of Canada, headed by Metropolitan spiritual support in the U.S. Catho– Sovietologists. The first of these But the relationship between the Wasyly Fedak joined the Ecumeni– lic bishops conference held in meetings took place on January 26, Ukrainian Catholic Church in U– cal Patriarchate of Constantinople. Washington in late November, it when individuals from several Con– kraine, the vatican, the Moscow The Ukrainian Orthodox Church, unanimously approved a national gressional offices, the Helsinki Patriarchate and the Ukrainian Or– which encompasses over 140 pa– fund-raising campaign to aid the Commission and Ukrainian Church thodox Church in western Ukraine rishes in three dioceses located in Catholic Church in Central and specialists exchanged views on the remains ambiguous. Winnipeg, Edmonton and Toronto, Eastern Europe. The bishops also status of religion in the USSR. The The four parties, called together was established in 1918. established the Office to Aid the purpose of the meeting wastofacili– to form a "Quadripartite Commis– Together with the Ukrainian Or– Catholic Church in Central and tate not only contacts but also a sion for the Normalization of Rela– thodox Diocese in the United States, Eastern Europe and the USSR, sharing of updated information on tions Between the Orthodox and the under the guidance of Bishop vse– which sponsored three fact-finding Ukrainian Church matters within the Catholics of the Eastern Rite in volod of New York, this group corn- missions to that part of the world. U.S. government and those repre– Western Ukraine, in view of the prises the largest Ukrainian Ortho– Among the delegates on one of senting non-governmental institu– Legalization of the Ukrainian Catho– dox body directly under the Ecume– these missions was Ukrainian Ca– tions. lic Church," began meeting in U– nical Patriarchate in the diaspora. tholic Bishop Basil Losten of Stam– Another such meeting took place kraine in March but broke off talks, The Ukrainian Orthodox Church ford. He traveled to Ukraine and at the end of June, when Mykola when the ROC refused to recognize of the USA under the guidance of issued a report in which he stressed Kolesnyk, the head of the Council the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Patriarch Mstyslav of Kiev and all the need to begin an extensive for Religious Affairs in Ukraine, Church as a Church. Ukraine, held its own extraordinary reconstruction program. On his visited Washington. -M!":--–. No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, ШО

1990: A LOOK BACK^^^^^^- Ukraine 1990: the promise and the reality

The year 1990 may be remem– formation of a human chain from betrayal by members of Parliament. Second, a recent article published bered as the fifth year of glasnost or Lviv to Kiev to mark Ukrainian in– How far it affected the surprising by the head of the nature protection the first six months of a sovereign dependence day on January 22, Declaration of Sovereignty remains monitoring department with the Ukraine. From the perspective of election of a new Supreme Soviet, a moot point. Ukrainian Academy of Sciences has Ukrainians in the West, visitors to the "defection" of party leader volo– Shortly before the first sitting of pointed out that there has been Ukraine and perhaps even visitors dymyr lvashko to Mr. Gorbachev's Parliament, the fourth anniversary almost no radiological control over from Ukraine, the effects of glasnost presidential council, the Declara– of Chornobyl brought forth new food supplies produced in the con– may appear self-evident. From the tion of State Sovereignty on July 16, revelations. The regions affected by taminated zone. Literally thousands academic perspective, the situation and the artificially created religious radioactive cesium and strontium of tons of irradiated dairy products at the end of 1990 appears ominous conflict within the Ukrainian Ortho– were declared to be wider than and potatoes have been distributed and gloomy. dox Church, in addition, ecological originally thought, affecting nor– at markets across Ukraine. To the it can be posited that after the issues and the continuing ramifica– thern regions of Rivne Oblast in consternation of Ukrainians, the euphoria of the July 16.Declaration tions of the Chomobyl disaster have addition to the monitored zones of official announced that strict moni– of State Sovereignty or even the also predominated. All merit a brief Kiev, Zhytomyr and Chernihiv. All toring had been maintained only notable return to Ukraine of Pa– analysis. together, it was stated that 3.5 Oyer those products being sent to triarch Mstyslav in recent weeks, the The spring 1990 election, in re– million hectares of agricultural land the cities of Leningrad and Moscow. future perspective is less clear. Thus trospect, may be perceived as a fell into the contaminated zone, as The number of deaths related while this writer has already main– signal victory for the Communist did 1.5 million hectares of forest. directly to Chornobyl is acknow– tained strongly that Ukraine merits Party of Ukraine. While evidently Over the summer, even this ledged by a Chornobyl official to be independence, let us examine brief– struggling to find a purpose, be– gloomy prognosis proved to be a over 5,000. One can surmise that the ly the reality at the end of the year. coming alienated from the Central serious underestimate of the fallout, real total is considerably higher than That there is a political crisis in Committee of the Communist Party it transpired that an area of northern this. Ukraine is clear, though its causes of Soviet Union in Moscow, and volyn encompassing 10 percent of Western efforts to assist victims of may be less so. Simply put, there are insofar as the November 1989 elec– the oblast's population fell into the Chornobyl have been considerable two: the all-union government of tion manifesto was concerned, far zone, as did areas of Cherkasy and varied. Conversely they have President Mikhail Gorbachev's ef– apart from the wishes of voters, the Oblast to the east. The city of Sla– been notable, as a Canadian go– forts to force through an unpopular Ukrainian party leadership used all vutych being built for Chornobyl vernment official complained this union agreement; and a deliberate its resources to obtain a significant operatives was acknowledged to month, for their lack of a single attempt by the Communist Party majority in the assembly. Domina– have been built on a radioactive coordinated body to direct them. leadership of Ukraine to foster a tion of the media outlets, traditional patch. The Parliament voted over– Such diversification of aid is bewil– situation that is close to civil war. voting practices, and the delayed whelmingly (363-5) on August 1 to dering also for the recipients: the Mr. Gorbachev's attitude was registration of any other political close the Chornobyl nuclear power international Red Cross, Green- expressed indirectly in the groups rendered the Communists' plant and work on an energy pro- peace international, the Children of speech of the USSR First Deputy position unassailable. gram that would eventually elimi– Chornobyl and other groups have Minister of Defense M.O. Moiseyev Nevertheless, it proved to be a nate all atomic power stations from thus far made commendable but to the Ukrainian Parliament in late pyrrhic victory. The opposition, Ukraine. essentially peripheral attempts to November. The army is dependent though at first limited to about 90 Two important problems from address an enormous and growing upon its Ukrainian contingent for its seats, as a democratic bloc resort– Chornobyl continue to plague U– problem of illnesses, radioactive future viability. Npt only does U– ed to a variety of tactics (not all of kraine. First, the continuing exis– food, monitoring of soil and food, k r а і n e sup pi у 17 рйгоепі of t h e which could be termed democratic) tence of the station itself has been a and the predicaments associated Soviet armed forces, it has "armed to make their presence felt. More- major irritant. Despite the Dedara– with new evacuations of population. strategic nuclear forces" on Ukrai– over, the mood of the republic be– tion of Sovereignty, it has remained The July 16 Declaration of State nian territory. About 3,500 soldiers came radicalized so that the opposi– under the jurisdiction of the USSR Sovereignty of Ukraine itself came have deserted from the Soviet army tion now grouped in the National Ministry of Nuclear Power and ln– as a surprise, but the Commu– in 1990, including 184 residents of Council (Narodna Rada) and con- dustry. it is scheduled for shutdown nist majority, in an effort to stave off Ukraine. Soldiers have been ha– trolling perhaps a quarter of the in 1995, but operates in the center dwindling support (72,000 re– rassed and even assassinated. seats in Parliament, was soon able of a highly contaminated zone, nounced party membership in the On July 30, the Ukrainian SSR to act as a focus for public discon– surrounded by 800 radioactive first nine months of 1990, whereas Supreme Soviet had voted to de– tent. Parliament Chairman volo– waste dumps and amid a protracted only 13,000 joined the party), vir– mand that Ukrainian soldiers serving dymyr lvashko's "desertion" came debate about the future of the "sar– tually purloined the opposition pro- in "regions of national conflict such at a time of worsening economic cophagus" covering, which requires gram, albeit in a very moderate form. as Armenia and Azerbaidzhan" be crisis and was widely regarded as a daily care and stabilization. The declaration has been much returned to the territory of Ukraine debated. Suffice it to say here that and that "Ukrainians must serve on itis importance lay in its intent, its the territory of the republic." How– application to the existing political ever, the Soviet leadership has no reality remained and still remains in intention of permitting Ukraine the future. control over its own armed forces. The Law on Economic Sovereign– Ukrainian Parliament Chairman ty passed on August 3 represented Leonid Kravchuk's conciliatory an effort to visualize Ukraine's eco– speech in response to Mr. Moiseyev nomic future. These two Parliamen– implies that the Communist leader- tary moves represented the high ship of the Parliament is unlikely to point of the year in terms of U– try to force the issue. And without its kraine's independent and democra– own armed forces, Ukraine will tic aspirations. They have been always be prey to the chance of a followed by increasingly retrogres– military coup and all-union control sive steps to "bring Ukraine back" over its resources, it is a power into the mainstream of the union. struggle that cannot be won. On the face of it, imminent change Clearly the Communists within seemed likely. The Communist Party the Parliament represent a dwind– introduced a new statute that open– ling amount of popular support. But ed membership to all citizens over paradoxically they have been pro– the age of 18. Fifteen political par- vided with a valuable propaganda ties had been officially registered in tool through the re-emergence - at Ukraine by August. Mr. Kravchak least in spirit - of integral nationa– appeared to be more flexible as lism in western Ukraine, as mani– chairman of the Parliament than his fested in commemorative statues to longtime predecessor, valentyna 1930s OUN leaders Stepan Bandera Shevchenko. New party leader Sta– and Andriy Melnyk and numerous nislav Hurenko continued to follow articles that have maintained that the view that independence within a members of the Organization of reformed union must be achieved, Ukrainian Nationalists and the U– and outright separatists and "na– krainian insurgent Army (UPA) tionalist extremists" should be dealt should be venerated as heroes for with severely. But actual change their wartime exploits against Stali– came so slowly that the population nism. The Ukrainian Republican grew restive. Party contains a significant faction Further, what are termed "conser– that promotes similar viewpoints. vative forces" but might be de- The highlights of 1990 remain the A political cartoon lampoons the Soviet Constitutions scribed more aptly as "the authori– 8 THE UKRAINIAN WFFKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, i99o No. 52

1990: A LOOK BACK

ties" instituted a well-coordinated rade through Ukraine was coun– nev period, it coincided with warn- began applying the law, arresting attack an the forces of the opposi– tered by the official declaration of an in gs to Ukrainians to "be vigilant" democratic activists. tion. They did so after two setbacks. independent Ukrainian Orthodox against nationalist extremists, Ban– Such actions appear to have an A remarkable student demonstra– Church and an unsavory struggle derivtsi and members of the Ukrai– all-union dimension. The Gorba– tion and hunger strike in the city of for individual buildings - particu– nian Republican Party, and mass chev regime in the latter part of 1990 Kiev failed to achieve a new parlia– larly St. Sophia Cathedral - be– demonstrations in Kiev, Chernihiv has made several statements es– mentary election, but did result in tween the UAOC and UOC. This and other cities organized by the pousing its desire to keep the union the resignation of Prime Minister conflict embraces concepts that are authorities and using demonstra– together at all costs. There have vitaliy Masol, who had remained much wider than those of religion. tors from mainly non-Ukrainian been calls for the establishment of a one of the barriers to economic Underlying the dispute is Ukraine's regions of the republic, such as military dictatorship. President Gor– reform in Ukraine. subjugation to Russia, the legacy of Odessa and Bilhorod. bachev himself has declared that all- And the arrival of Patriarch Kievan Rus' and the vision of a union trade requirements must ren– Mstyslav was a serious embar– "Russian union" as articulated by The Communist bloc majority in der null and void the recent efforts of rassment to the leaders of the personages such as Alexander Sol– Parliament succeeded on Novem– "independent" republics to enter Russian Orthodox Church in U– zhenitsyn. ber 29 in passing a new law banning into new trade agreements: in U– kraine. While both events were dra– The arrest of People's Deputy demonstrations during working kraine's case with Hungary, Poland, matic and of importance, the back- Stepan Khmara on November 17 hours and permitting police to use and with other Soviet republics such lash has been severe. within the confihes of Parliament water cannon to disperse protes– as Russia, Georgia and Lithuania. The patriarch's triumphant pa– was an act reminiscent of the Brezh– ters. Within the nextfewdays, police The all-union KGB has even called for the abolition of political parties in the interests of unity. Ecology: the public outcry it might be posited that such a reaction represents a last-ditch Ecology continued to be one of it was increased public aware– in the fall, the Green Party of effort by the authorities to curb the the most important and emotional ness that led to mass protests Ukraine, which evolved out of the collapse of the Soviet Union, in the issues for citizens of Ukraine which early this year closed down Green World Association, held its Ukrainian case, the "conservatives" during 1990. in addition to hear– two ecologically dangerous pro– founding congress in Kiev. The are obliged to act before a new ing new revelations about the true jects in western Ukraine: a radar congress adopted a program that parliamentary election or even a consequences of the Chornobyl tracking station in Transcarpa– describes the party as an ecolo– vote of confidence. The authorities' nuclear accident, Ukraine's citi– thia, in the area of Pistrialevo, gical party, an anti-war party and stance, in effect, means that the zens learned more about just how which would have affected sur– a democratic party that "pro- principles of sovereignty cannot yet polluted and unhealthy their en– rounding areas with electromag– motes the rebirth of Ukraine as an be brought into operation. vironment is. netic radiation, used large quanti– independent state of free people." Ukraine's defense and power in– On the eve of the fourth anni– ties of scarce water and en– The party recognizes that eco– dustries, and possibly even an im– versary of the Chornobyl nuclear dangered more than 300 deposits logy takes precedence over the portant source of raw material like accident, Ukraine's new Minister of medicinal mineral waters; and economy, politics and ideology, the coal industry remain under the of Health Yuriy Spizhenko ac– a proposed expansion of the and that individual rights are jurisdiction of all-union ministries in knowledged that many of the pro– Chlorvinyl petrochemical com– more important than the rights of Moscow. The Ministry of Defense blems that have arisen are a direct plex in Kalush, near lvano-Fran– the state. Dr. Shcherbak was has refused to countenance a sepa– result either of official secrecy or kivske, that already was the cause elected leader of the CPU. rate Ukrainian army or the dis– falsehoods uttered by physicians of much pollution in the area. mantling of strategic nuclear forces and health authorities. And, in The fourth anniversary of the Zelenyi Svit, meanwhile, grew on Ukrainian territory. At the same mid-February, the Supreme So– Chornobyl disaster was marked in 1990 to encompass several time, these substantifttforces might viet of the Ukrainian SSR held a in Ukraine with public meetings, hundred thousand members ac– be held in readiness for a strike special session on the ecological rallies, memorial services and tive in local branches throughout against overt insurgence in western situation in Ukraine. At the ses– scholarly conferences held during Ukraine, its newspaper, also Ukraine. sion, Minister Spizhenko said that "Chornobyl Week." April 26 was called Zelenyi Svit, increased its To date, if one views the situation 1 million persons, including observed as a "Day of National circulation to 20,000. Also, the from the opposition's perspective, 250,000 children, were then living Mourning" and 70,000 marchers ecological association expanded two major problems have arisen. under conditions of increased in Kiev paralyzed the city center its network of contacts with Green First, as Kiev Rukh leader Serhty radiation background. (Later in to call attention to the continuing movement activists throughout Holovaty noted in mid-December at the year, that figure was cited as Chornobyl tragedy. the world. a meeting with Canadian External 1.8 million, including 380,000 Affairs officials in Ottawa, no Wes– children. tern government has been prepared in his speech, at that Parlia– to support, either openly or other- ment session Dr. Yuriy Shcher– wise, declarations or implementa– bak, chairman of the Zelenyi Svit tion of state sovereignty in Soviet (Green World) ecological asso– republics. Canadian policy supports ciation, called for a long-range a peaceful transition to a market program to eliminate the acci– economy that supposedly is best dent's consequences and de– attained through unqualified sup- manded that the first reactor of port for President Gorbachev, lroni– Chornobyl be decommissioned cally, the ultimate consequence of by 1991 and the other two re- such support (and this also applies actors by 1995 at the latest. As to the U.S. Department of State) well, Dr. Shcherbak called for a may be official Western backing for halt to construction of new nu– actions such as the arrest of Mr. clear reactors on Ukrainian terri– Khmara or a projected military take- tory and the creation of a special over in western Ukraine. parliamentary commission to in– Second, Rukh to date, has, not vestigate the post-accident ac– offered an alternative structure of tions of Soviet authorities. government for an independent Ukraine has 11 cities among the Ukraine, its October congress 65 most polluted in the USSR, and emphasized the organization's new clean supplies of drinking water commitment to an independent have become more and more Ukraine (one of the pretexts used by problematic, according to reports the authorities for the campaign released in 1990. As well, ecolo– against it); members such as venia– gical activists like Dr. Shcherbak min Sikora have outlined new eco– pointed out that many sicknesses nomic proposals. Yet such mea– birth defects, "spontaneous sures remain in their infancy and abortions" and the like can be depend ultimately on assistance related to the serious pollution from the West, which today appears caused by heavy industry. For as remote as ever. example, the cause of the myste– rious illness afflicting children in Finally, the Ukrainian economy the Chernivtsi region was traced has continued to deteriorate. The to chemical poisoning - the introduction of coupons occurred result of industrial pollution - too hastily to be effective and there and similar cases of such sick– was disgruntlement at the lack of nesses were reported in other parliamentary debate over the mea–' areas of the republic as well. A Ukrainian poster on the Chornobyl theme. sure. Hunger and poverty have become paramount problems No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER зо, 1990 9

1990: A LOOK BACK "

(though fears of famine appear to be establishment of their own trade And, Ukrainian President Leonid nians, at which they pressed out- premature). Ukraine has reduced union, and general disillusionment Kravchuk wrote an appeal to the standing human rights issues and exports of grain and other food- with the existing political climate. summit participants stressing U– helped lay the groundwork for U– stuffs outside the boundaries of the Coal miners remain an angry and kraine's desire to participate in the kraine's eventual participation in republic, but supply difficulties are potent force that presages a high Helsinki process as a sovereign and CSCE. endemic. Further, more than 40 degree of industrial unrest in U– independent actor. At the time of the Copenhagen percent of the population may be kraine in 1991. Ukraine's participation in the conference, the democratic bloc of living below the official poverty line CSCE process is complicated by the Ukrainian SSR people's deputies of 75 rubles monthly per family Toward the end of the year, the fact that consensus of all partici– grouped in the National Council had member. While electricity produc– Donbas lntermovement was formed pating states, including the Soviet sent an open letter to the conference tion has been maintained, shortfalls in Donetske. it bills itself as a move– Union, is required for membership. expressing their firm belief that have occurred in major industries ment of internationalists that sup- No delegation proposed that U– Ukraine, as a nation of 52 million such as coal and steel, the output of ports a union treaty and retention of kraine, or Armenia, be formally "should be allowed an independent which has fallen well below even the a single all-union economic market. represented at the conference. place in the political life of the very moderate 1990 targets. Similarly, a separatist movement During the Paris summit, the nations of Europe" and, thus, should was formed in southern Ukraine. Ukrainian and Armenian represen– be allowed to participate in the Economic problems have only Called "Novorossiya," it aims at aggravated the grave social crisis, tatives held a well-publicized press Helsinki process. attaining "special state status" for conference at which they issued a A month later, the Ukrainian SSR's the polarization of the population the region encompassing the and efforts at national unity. The joint statement. "We are committed Permanent Mission to the United Odessa, Mykolayiv, Kherson, Dni– to participate actively in the work of Nations got into the act as well. Crimean Tatars have returned to the propetrovske and Crimea oblasts. peninsula, which intends to hold a the CSCE, not for the purposes of Ambassador Gennadiy Udovenko referendum in 1991 on the issue of Thus the end of 1990 is a time of confrontation but, on the contrary, told a Geneva press conference that sovereignty. The alternative futures great uncertainty and public fear. to maintain stability in Europe and Ukraine, since it had declared its for the Crimea - a zone of chemical Civil war provoked by the authori– for the strengthening of our still frail sdvereignty, will want to participate and metallurgical industries that ties, is a possibility requiring only a democracies," the statement said. in the Conference on Security and have polluted the once idyllic vaca– spark to ignite it. The provisions of "At the same time, we have not lost Cooperation in Europe. tion zone, and a key Soviet air force sovereignty remain largely on the hope that the aspiration of every Finally, after the Ukrainian Hel– base - are said to be fourfold: a table. The retrograde Communists, nation to self-determination, inde– sinki Union in April transformed union republic; an autonomous now reduced to a "Group of 239" pendence and cooperation will be itself into the Ukrainian Republican republic under Ukrainian jurisdic– within the Parliament, have already met with understanding and support Party, in August an independent tion; an autonomous republic under displayed their willingness to resort by the European community." citizens' group - Helsinki '90-Was Russian jurisdiction (Russians make to highly undemocratic measures to Ukrainian opposition parliamen– formed in Kiev by some 30 former up the majority of the population); force their will. And one cannot tarian Oles Shevchenko and Rukh political prisoners and activists to or an autonomous republic with ignore the explosive developments activist Yevhen Proniuk had attend– continue the human rights monitor– some sort of special status. in the Ukrainian Piedmont - ed the Copenhagen CSCE Confe– ing traditions of the Ukrainian Hel– The political situation in eastern western Ukraine. rence on the Human Dimension sinki GroupXUnion. "- Ukrainian industrial cities has re– By all accounts, the last few held in June, as did representatives mained uncertain. Clearly Rukh months have seen a significant of the World Congress of Free Ukrai– - Orest Deychakiwsky and other nationally conscious par- setback for the forces of democrati– ties have made some inroads, but zation in Ukraine. The question they have not yet succeeded in remains: Do these forces possess The Ukrainian diaspora earning the confidence of the majo– the unity and farsightedness to unite rity of the population. in the face of official repression and During 1990, the World Congress worded letter of protest regarding The Ukrainian and Russian coal- provocations? Herein may lie the of Free Ukrainians found itself in the the case of Ukrainian People's De– miners who work in the Donbas political future of a sovereign midst of a revival of Ukrainian com– putyStepan Khmara to Ambassador coalfield held their second national Ukraine. munity life in Eastern Europe. Gennadiy Udovenko and other offi– congress in 1990, confirming their in March the organization re– cials at the Permanent Mission of antagonism toward Moscow, the - Dr. David Marples ceived a letter from the Association the Ukrainian SSR to the United of Ukrainians in Romania, founded Nations located in New York. The on December 29,1989, and encom– letter was addressed to Leonid The Helsinki process passing more than 240,000 mem– Kravchuk, chairman of the Ukrai– bers. The letter was a cry for help nian SSR Supreme Soviet. in many respects, 1990 was a sinki process. from the country's impoverished in Canada, the Ukrainian Cana– watershed year for the 34-state Prior to the signing of the Novem– and persecuted Ukrainian commu– dian Committee focused much at– Conference on Security and Co- ber Paris Charter (referred to by nity. tention on the issue of internment operation in Europe (with German some as the new Magna Carta of Then, in August, the WCFU assist– during World War І of close to 5,000 reunification reducing the former35 Europe), two agreements providing ed the Association of Ukrainians in Ukrainian Canadians. The UCC signatories by one). The dramatic guidelines for newly emerging de– Poland in organizing the First World sought an acknowledgement and changes that took place in the direc– mocracies seeking to establish rule– Forum of the Ukrainian Diaspora symbolic redress from the Canadian tion of human rights improvements of-law states and free market econo– (see section titled "Meanwhile, in government for its mistreatment of and democracy represented a vindi– mies were adopted at the Bonn Poland..."). the internees, held between 1914 cation of the Helsinki process - and Economic Conference in April and Early in the year, the WCFU and and 1920, and for disfranchisement of persistent efforts over the years Copenhagen Conference on the the Ukrainian Catholic Church in and discrimination against an addi– by Helsinki monitors within the Human Dimension in June. Rome opened a refugee assistance tional 80,000 who were stigmatized USSR and Eastern Europe, as well For Ukraine, it was also an impor– office in Rome to help the large as "enemy aliens." in December it as by the United States and other tant, if not yet successful, year as far number of refugees from Poland was reported by the UCC's Ukrai– Western governments and non- as CSCE is concerned, as the Ukrai– and the Soviet Union who were then nian information Bureau that Prime governmental organizations. nian government sought participa– in ltaly en route to new lives in the Minister Brian Mulroney is planning tion in the CSCE process. As did the West. to acknowledge that the intern– The historic November Paris ment was unwarranted and injust. CSCE summit was a milestone in Baltic states and Armenia, Ukraine As well, the World Congress of forging new directions for the sent representatives to the Paris Free Ukrainians, through its Human in addition, the UCC protested the CSCE, whose increasing impor– summit to press for formal partici– Rights Commission,, was active at Canadian immigration minister's tance on the changing European pation. both the Copenhagen and Paris decision to eliminate the self-exiled scene was much touted. The summit The Ukrainian delegation con– meetings of the Conference on class for Eastern European immi– produced several small permanent sisted of three members of the Security and Cooperation in Europe gration, thus effectively cutting off- CSCE institutions, including a small Ukrainian Parliament's Committee (see "The Helsinki process"). immigration from Ukraine. The self- Secretariat, a Conflict Prevention on Foreign Affairs: Dmytro Pavly– The WCFU-initiated international exile program had been established Center and Elections Monitoring chko, chairman, Bohdan Horyn, Commission of inquiry into the to help persons who were not re– Center, as well as several new meet– vice-chairman, and lvan Drach, who 1932-1933 Famine in Ukraine this fugees in the strict legal sense, but ings, including one on national is also president of Rukh. year released its report and in May were still living in refugee-like con– minorities to be held in Geneva; next Earlier Ukrainian Foreign Minister presented a copy to the Geneva ditions. July. Anatoly Zlenko had written to office of the United Nations under– The UCC protested that lmmigra– Yet concerns began to rise that French Foreign Minister Roland secretary general for human rights. tion Minister Barbara McDougall the CSCE might not be meeting Dumas requesting observer status The report confirmed that Ukraine had promised not to implement any some of the pressing issues con- at the Paris; meeting. Mr. Zlenko had lost б million persons, or 20 changes before consultation with fronting Europe, notably, the asser– rejected Moscow's offer to be in– percent of its population, in the concerned organizations in Cana– tion of national self-determination cluded as,part of the USSR delega– Great Famine and that Soviet autho– da. UCC President Dr. Dmytro Cipy– among various Soviet and Yugoslav tion in protest against Soviet Fo– rities used the famine to crown their wnyk stated that no such consulta– republics. And CSCE continued to reign Minister Eduard Shevard– policy of denationalization of U– tion had occurred and that cancella– be lukewarm towards efforts through- nadze's refusal to allow Ukraine kraine. tion of the self-exiled class was out the year by Lithuania, Latvia, separate representation at the con– At year's end, WCFU President "totally premature in assuming that Estonia and others to join the Hel– ference. Yuri Shymko presented a strongly the prohibitions that have existed in ; j. ш. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 No. 52

1990: A LOOK BACK

the USSR for the last 73 years have chuk, assumed the chief executive's been amended." spot. Later in the year, Mrs. Diachuk During 1990 Ukrainian Canadians represented the UACC at the se– "also began planning numerous cond congress of the Popular Move– events to mark the 1991 centennial ment of Ukraine (Rukh). of Ukrainian settlement in Canada. The National Fund to Aid Ukraine However, Ukrainian Canadians began the year by issuing an appeal also had a special reason to cele– to the Ukrainian American commu– brate in 1990 when one of their own, nity for contributions to support its Ramon Hnatyshyn, was installed as work through both the Rukh Fund Canada's governor general during and the Children of Chomobyl Re– grand ceremonies on January 29. HefFund. The new governor general's cast of During the year, there were nu– arms reflects his Ukrainian roots by merous discussions on how best to incorporating a tryzub, Ukraine's reorganize the national fund, and The Weekly's pages carried some of ancient national symbol, and the Raising the case of Stepan Khmara: WCFU President Yuri Shymko during those opinions on its pages. There colors of the Ukrainian national flag, his meeting with Ambassador Gennadiy Udovenko at the Ukrainian SSR were allegations that financial re- blue and yellow, into the design. Mission to the United Nations. in both Canada and the United ports regarding the fund's activities States, the opening of those coun– were incomplete at best and charges were voided, and the commission Pittsburgh Ukrainian Nationality tries' consulates in Kiev was a major that the leadership of the fund; was announced amended election re– Classroom Committee, the Ukrai– issue for Ukrainian communities. not responsive to needs in Ukraine sults. Thus, the new executive board nian room became the 23rd nationa– Both the U.S. and Canada are to and the wishes of Rukh support of the Providence Association will lity room created for the university open consulates in early 1991. committees created throughout the be headed by Msgr. Popivchak (not by area ethnic communities. Ukrai– in late February and early March, country. Msgr. Thomas Sayuk) through nians had raised S250,000 to com– U.S. congressmen who were to As a result of the squabbling, two March 1994. plete the room, designed by Lubo– travel to Ukraine for the March separate groups of NFUA activists The Ukrainian Nationality Room myr Kalynych employing the Ukrai– elections to the Ukrainian SSR planned to hold conferences to at the University of Pittsburgh was nian Baroque style of the 17th and Supreme Soviet were denied entry reorganize the community fund. dedicated this year on June 17. The 18th centuries. The classroom is visas by Soviet authorities. Also Ultimately, responding to a special culmination of community efforts Room 341 in the university's Cathe– barred from traveling to Ukraine at request from Mykhailo Horyn, chair- spearheaded since 1975 by the dral of Learning. that time were Eugene lwanciw, man of the Rukh Secretariat who director of the Ukrainian National was then visiting the United States, a Association's Washington Office, meeting of leaders of various Rukh Meanwhile, in Poland... who was to act as advance man for support groups was held in New the congressional delegation, and York on September 29. Meeting Of the diaspora communities, states participated, among them: an associate editor of The Ukrai– participants decided that one na– Ukrainians in Poland seemed to lvan Drach, Mykhailo and Boh– nian Weekly, Marta Kolomayets, tionwide conference should be held be in the headlines during 1990 dan Horyn, Dmytro Pavlychko, who was to cover the historic elec– in order to establish a coordinating more prominently than others, vyacheslav Chornovil and Myro– tions. body of committees that exist to due in large measure to the awa– slav Popovych from Ukraine; and assist Ukraine through Rukh and kening of that 300,000-strong Jacek Kuron, Adam Michnik, Bro– A similar situation befell a Cana– other democratic groups. Such community after long years of nislaw Geremek, Zbigniew Bujak dian delegation of Parliament mem– conference has now been slated for fearful or, at best, uncertain si– and Janusz Onyszkiewicz of Po– bers who had traveled to Lithuania January of 1991. lence. land. The meeting candidly dis– to observe elections there and had cussed Ukrainian-Polish rela– planned to visit Ukraine as well. Meanwhile, the Children of Chor– in August, the First World Fo– tions and laid the foundation for Soviet authorities did not permit the nobyl Relief Fund continued its rum of the Ukrainian Diaspora better ties between the two na– MPs to enter Ukraine. work in sending shipments of relief took place in Bialy Bor, Koszalin tions. On June 20, the U.S. Commission supplies and medical equipment to County. The three-day forum, on the Ukrainian Famine held its final Ukraine (see "Chomobyl aid"). As organized by the newly founded On August 3, the Polish Senate meeting, four years and two months well, the group sent three shipments Association of Ukrainians in Po– adopted a resolution condeming after its inception. The commission of computers for Ukrainian-lan– land (formerly the Ukrainian So– the 1947 forced resettlement of had investigated the causes and guage schools in Ukraine, in all, 200 cial-Cultural Society) in coopera– Ukrainians from their native consequences of the 1932-1933 computer systems were shipped to tion with the World Congress of lands, then a part of eastern Great Famine in Ukraine and had Ukraine thanks to the efforts of Free Ukrainians, brought to– Poland, to the "recovered terri– issued reports on its findings, in CCRF, spearheaded by vice-presi– gether representatives of the tories" in western Poland. Known related news, the Congress passed a dent Dr. Roman voronka, and fund– Ukrainian diaspora from Canada, as Akcja Wisla (Operation vis- joint resolution designating Novem– ing from Pastor John Shep's Germany, France, England, Bel– tula), the action brutally executed ber 3-Ю, 1990, as "National Week to "Thoughts of Faith" ministry of the gium, Czecho-Slovakia, Roma– by the Polish military relocated Commemorate the victims of the Evangelical Lutheran Church as nia, Yugoslavia, the United States, between 150,000 and 250,000 Famine in Ukraine." well as philanthropist Marian Kots,a Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Russia Ukrainians - purportedly in order and, of course, Poland. Also to liquidate the armed Ukrainian During the year there were many CCRF board member. present were leading members of underground. visitors from Ukraine who came to During 1990, the Ukrainian Frater– the Popular Movement of Ukraine Washington to address not only the nal Association marked the 80th Though widely regarded as a (Rukh) and the democratic oppo– Ukrainian community but also deci– anniversary of its founding. The step forward in Ukrainian-Polish sition (National Council) in U– sion makers in government and in– UFA also held its 22nd quadrennial relations, the resolution, it must kraine's Parliament. fluential leaders in the private sector. convention this year in June at its be pointed out, was passed by the Among them were: People's Depu– own resort, verkhovyna, in Glen The forum discussed topics as 100-member Senate, where Soli– ties Rostyslav Bratun, Yuriy Soro– Spey, N.Y. John Oleksyn was re- diverse as Ukraine's place in darity controlled 99 seats. The elected president of the fraternal contemporary Europe, the role of 460-member Sejm, which had chyks Orest viokh and Mykhailo Horyn; Minister of Health Dr. Yuriy organization. Also elected to the Ukrainian communities in their been debating a similar resofu– Spizhenko; volodymyr Yavorivsky, UFA executive board were: Jerry host countries and the impor– tion, had yet to act on it. chairman of the Parliament's Chor– Pronko, first vice-president (who tance of Ukrainian journalists in Ukrainian community leaders nobyf Committee; volodymyr Py– later passed away; see "Deaths in the formation of world public were quick to add that in addition lypchuk, head of the Parliament's the community"); lhor Gawdiak, opinion. to resettling the Ukrainian popu– Economic Committee; Prime Mi– second vice-president for Canadian The fqrum, although organized lace, the Polish government at the nister vitold Fokin; and Yuriy Mish– affairs; Peter Salak, supreme secre– on very short notice and not well same time had adopted several chenko and Anatoliy Panov, acti– tary; Roman Danyiuk, assistant fi– publicized beforehand, was seen laws confiscating the property of vists of the Green World ecological nanciai secretary-treasurer; and as a first step toward the future deportees, including the assets of association. Theodora Turula, assistant supreme creation of a World Congress of the Ukrainian Catholic Church. secretary. Ukrainians. Thus, the Ukrainian community in the United States, the two During the landmark event, in Poland insists not only that central organizations, the Ukrainian Another fraternal organization, participants also had an opportu– Operation vistula be condemned, American Coordinating Council the Providence Association of U– nity to meet with Solidarity mem– but that all discriminatory mea– and the Ukrainian Congress Com– krainian Catholics of America, had bers of the Polish Sejm (Parlia– sures be repealed. mittee of America, each pursued to conduct a recount of the ballots in ment). Finally, during 1990, Ukrainian their own activities. the 1989 elections of its General Similarly, in May, a historic women in Poland, too, became The presidency of the Ukrainian Assembly. After a complaint brought meeting between Ukrainian and „ active, in late October the Wo– by presidential candidate Msgr American Coordinating Council Polish parliamentarians was held men's Association of Poland was Ronald Popivchak which alleged changed hands on June 30 when in the Jab!onna Palace outside accepted as a member-orgamza– election irregularities, the organic John O. Fiis officially resigned that Warsaw. More than 40 prominent tion by the World Federation of position and the newly elected su– zation's Election Committee con- representatives of democratic Ukrainian Women's Organiza– preme president of the Ukrainian. ducted a review on January 10. As a forces in the two neighboring tions. National Association, Ulana Dia– result, ballots from 21 branches No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, i990

1990: A LOOK BACK

facility designed in a Wild West motif Chornobyl aid for children suffering from terminal 1990 saw the Ukrainian American cancer and blood-related diseases. community mobilize in an unprece– Their 10-day reprieve at the chari– dented effort to help the victims of table non-profit organization was the 1986 Chornobyl nuclear power initiated by the CCRF and Sen. plant catastrophe. Professionals, Christopher Dodd (D-Conn.). homemakers, senior citizens and Earlier in the year, 51 children and children alike utilized previously three firefighters from Ukraine tra– untapped resources in order to veled to lsrael for medical treatment collect vitamins and medicines, at the invitation of Moshe Fishbein, a medical and technical equipment, Ukrainian-language poet of Jewish foodstuffs, clothing and toys, to descent who emigrated from the organize public information cam– USSR in 1979. paigns and to help provide for diag– High-ranking officials within the nosis and treatment of children Ukrainian government have also suffering from Chornobyl-related spoken out in an unprecedented illnesses. 1990 also saw large U.S. manner regarding Chornobyl. in corporations such as Ethicon, May, the Soviet Union, the Byelo– Heinz, Hoffman-La Roche, Johnson russian SSR, and the Ukrainian SSR 4 Johnson, Pfizer, and Squibb do– turned to the Economic and Social nate desperately needed items at Council of the United Nations the request of numerous Ukrainian (ECOSOC) to cooperate and ex– American individuals. Seven children from Kiev and environs at Paul Newman's Hole in the Wall pand the joint national and ihter– Gang Camp in Connecticut, where they came for medical attention and national efforts being made con– Three shipments of collected recreation this past August. cerning Chornobyl. According to goods totaling 287 tons were flown Gennadiy Udovenko, ambassador to Ukraine under the auspices of the the Mria was rerouted through Mos– and Russia, in July, the Ukrainian cow with a smaller shipment than of the Permanent Mission of the New Jersey-based Children of Medical Charitable Service arranged Ukrainian SSR to the United Na– Chornobyl Relief Fund and the originally planned (60 tons) and no for 20 Ukrainian children to travel to CCRF representatives on board, tions, who had addressed the United government of the Ukrainian SSR. Munich, West Germany, for rest and Nations on numerous occasions in The first shipment of 93 tons depart– Ф3.9 million worth of medicines, medical treatment. Over 200 chil– bandages, tetanus vaccines, vita– 1990 regarding the continuing pro– ed from Kennedy international Air- drep from various villages in the blems of Chornobyl, "This is the first port abroad the Ukrainian-built An– mins, baby food, flour and two Polissia region traveled to Czecho- printing presses organized by the time the Soviet Union, Ukraine and tonov-124 cargo plane "Ruslan" on Slovakia at the invitation of the Byelorussia in so many years of February 10. TheRuslandwas pro– CCRF, including 15 tons donated by Czech and Slovak governments and Feed the Children inc., did arrive in existence are applying for interna– vided by the government of the public organizations of both re- tional assistance." Ukrainian SSR. its contents, valued Kiev five days later. The two presses publics for two months of health- at S4 million, included: medical were destined for Naukova Knyha improving recreation and medical On July 13, ECOSOC adopted a equipment (including two ultra- publishers in Kiev and for the print– treatment, in August, Ukrainian resolution urgently appealing to the international community for coope– sound units and urological equip– ing of medical texts and records for communities in Poland invited 150 ment), vitamins and medicines, dis– area hospitals in Lviv. ration and assistance in mitigating children from Poltava, Kiev, Zhy– the consequences of the accident at posable syringes, clothing and food- in the spring, several public infor– tomyr and Kharkiv to take part in a stuffs organized by CCRF and the mation campaigns concerning the Chornobyl. recreational exchange program in And on September 30, during the Canadian Friends of Rukh; soap Chornobyl catastrophe were orga– Bialy Bor, Poland. collected by the Ukrainian Human nized in the United States and Aus– World Summit for Children, vitaliy Rights Committee of Philadelphia, tralia. Washington area Ukrainian in August, seven Ukrainian chil– Masol, then chairman of the Council and toys and letters collected by the Americans organized a Chornobyl dren from the oblasts of Kiev, Cher– of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, "Toys for Children of Chornobyl" booth on the Mall in Washington for kasy and Chernihiv were invited to stated that, "Chornobyl affected campaign, a child-to-child program Earth Day 1990. Earth Day events, actor Paul Newman's Hole in the everyone, but youngsters were initiated by Ridna Shkola in Wash– held April 20-22, included an envi– Wall Camp, a recreational medical those who suffered the most." ington. ronmental consciousness-raising Dr. Zenon Matkiwsky, one of rally of an estimated 350,000 per– several individuals who accompa– sons. The Chornobyl Committee of The Demjanjuk case (cont'd) nied the shipment, returned to the Washington organized and present– United States with two companions: ed a three-day exhibit on the Chor– John Demjanjuk, the former U.S. evidence in West Germany, where a 37-year-old vasyl Kavasiuk, a corn- nobyl catastrophe and distributed citizen appealing his 1988 convic– witness's testimony could force a poser and orchestra conductor, and informational flyers, books, posters tion and death sentence handed review of Mr. Demjanjuk's alibi. his 6-month-old daughter, Maria. and historical materials on Chor– down by an lsraeli court for the Nazi in May the court agreed to hear Mr. Kavasiuk had been forced to nobyl and Ukraine, as well as cir– war crimes committed by "lvan the the account of a Polish couple who work on the Chornobyl clean-up culated various petitions addressed Terrible" at the Treblinka death lived near Treblinka and said that crew for 91 days. Both father and to the international Atomic Energy camp, awaited the Supreme Court's "lvan the Terrible's" last name was daughter suffer from Chornobyl- Agency. decision at Ayalon Prison. For the Marchenko. it was Maria Dudek who related illnesses and were treated at, The United States and Australia record, Mr. Demjanjuk turned 70 in had told her story to the CBS news respectively, Union Hospital in commemorated the fourth anniver– April. program "60 Minutes." Her hus– Union, N.J., and Beth lsrael Hospital sary of Chornobyl with molebens There were some startling de– band, Casimir, had died since the in Newark, and rallies, in the U.S., various velopments in the case. A segment couple gave testimony to Polish The Ruslan made its second vo– Ukrainian American communities on the highly rated "60 Minutes" Tv authorities. yage to Kiev from JFK on May 18 gathered in commemoration, while newsmagazine revealed the exis– in. June both the prosecution and with 134 tons of goods. Organized in Melbourne, Australia, representa– tence of a Polish witness who knew the defense had concluded their by CCRF, the shipment contained tives of Ukrainian, Byelorussian, "lvan" of Treblinka as lvan Mar– arguments before the Supreme approximately S7 million worth of Lithuanian and Estonian communi– chenko. As a result, at a February 27 Court, with the defense presenting donated supplies: vitamins, dispo– ties as well as Australian senators press conference, Rep. JamesTrafi– additional testimony indicating that sable syringes, medical supplies gathered in ceremony at Treasury cant (D-Ohio) announced that he there was a guard named Mar– (including S45,000 worth of supplies Gardens. would present the new evidence to chenko at the Treblinka death camp. for the urological unit of Lviv hospi– The summer months saw Bel– the Justice Department's Office of During the appeal, which had tal), baby food and paint. gium, Czecho-Slovakia, Cuba, Professional Responsibility for begun in mid-May, the defense The second shipment drew large France, Germany, lsrael, Poland, investigation into the conduct of the argued that the judges hearing the support from the non-Ukrainian and the United States host children Office of Special investigations, the Demjanjuk case in the District Court sector, notably from Americares, a victims of Chornobyl for recreation department's Nazi-hunting arm. He had been "antagonistic and hostile" charitable organization based in and medical treatment, in April, 143 also asked Attorney General Ri– to the defendant, questioned the Connecticut, the Catholic Medical Ukrainian children suffering from chard Thornburgh to review the validity of the photo identification Mission Board of New York City, the Chornobyl-related leukemia and case. process, and pointed to lingering Brother's Brother Foundation of thyroid disorders traveled to Later, that same congressman, doubts surrounding the central Pittsburgh and the Crystal Cathe– Havana, Cuba, for medical treat– along with lawyers familiar with the issue of the case, i.e. the identity of dral Ministries. ment at the invitation of Fidel Demjanjuk case, also spoke at a "lvan the Terrible." A third shipment of medical and Castro, first secretary of the Com– series of public meetings organized The five judges hearing the appeal other relief supplies bound for U– munist Party of Cuba, who greeted by UNCHAlN (Ukrainian National agreed to consider new evidence kraine departed Oklahoma City's the children at the airport and an– Center: History and information even after the formal appeal was Will Rogers World Airport on June nounced that Cuba was ready to Network) to focus on new develop– over. 19 aboard the world's largest cargo take another 10,000 children suffer– ments in the unprecedented case. Meanwhile, in the United States, a plane, the Ukrainian-built Antonov– ing from Chornobyl-related ill– Also in February lsrael's Su– PBS documentary called "The Dem– 225 "Mria." Although the course of nesses from Ukraine, Byelorussia preme Court agreed to seek new janjuk Dossier" was aired just prior 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 No. 52

1990: A LOOK BACK to the beginning of Mr. Demjanjuk's that matches descriptions of "lvan Supreme Court appeal. Observers the Terrible." familiar with the case pointed to the As the Demjanjuk defense at– film's biased nature, its misrepre– tempted to journey to Ukraine to sentation and omission of facts, and examine the documents, however, its failure to include updated evi– the entire file was ordered trans– dence beneficial to Mr. Demjanjuk. ferred to Moscow, where it was The documentary was financed by studied by an lsraeli delegation - the Anti-Defamation League of the apparently the lsraeli prosecution B'nai B'rith. team for the Demjanjuk case. At year's end, as the Demjanjuk Rep. Traficant convened a press family continued to await a final conference to demand that Soviet verdict, new evidence was found in officials allow inspection of the Ukraine - again pointing to an lvan Fedorenko file by a delegation en- Marchenko as the real "lvan the compassing his staffers, legal con– Terrible." The evidence is contained sultants and the Demjanjuk defense, in the Soviet files of the 1986 case of in a letter to Soviet Procurator Feodor Fedorenko, who was found General Nikolay Trubin, the con– guilty of war crimes and executed in gressman requested assistance in the USSR in 1987. One of the depo– gaining-access to the file. sitions in the file, among supporting in lsrael, meanwhile, an eviden– testimony given by several Tre– tiary hearing had been scheduled blinka guards and maids, even pro– for December 31 to hear new evi– vides a description of Marchenko dence from Ukraine. UNA Supreme Presidents: John 0. Flis, who retired in 1990, and Ulana M. The political realm Diachuk, the organization's first woman chief executive. Security Adviser Dr. Zbigniew Brze– which is meant primarily to provide Ukrainian Americans were in both re-elected on November 6 to the zinski. in addition, Mr. Horyn met UNA members with a retirement the winners' and losers' columns in State Legislature by an overwhel– with leading Ukrainian community income. political races during 1990. ming 83 percent of the vote. Mr. groups and activists, such as the During 1990 the UNA also paid D. Roman Kulchitsky, a Republi– Kulas has been serving in the llli– Ukrainian National Credit Union out $1.5 million in dividends to can, won a seat in the Michigan nois House for the past 12 years. Administration. members, granted S114,400 in scho– State House on January 16, winning in New Mexico's Los Alamos At the UNA'S convention, held larships to 232 students in the United witji 53 percent of the vote, it was his County, Dr. Anna Chopek was elect– May 28 to June 1 in Baltimore, Ulana States and Canada, sponsored pe– second attempt at the 25th District ed a probate judge. Dr. Chopek is Diachuk, the association's treasurer dagogical courses at Soyuzivka for seat. the second woman of Ukrainian since 1972, was elected supreme teachers of schools of Ukrainian ancestry to be admitted to the bar in president. Also elected to the Su– Since Mr. Kulchitsky was elected studies and donated S10,000 to the the United States and is a former preme Executive Committee were: in a special election held to fill a seat Children of Chornobyl Relief Fund. assistant attorney general for the Nestor Olesnycky, supreme vice- vacated due to the resignation of the Also the organization informed Commonwealth of Massachusetts. president; John Hewryk, supreme officeholder, he had to face anqther members of the U.S. Congress Dr. Chopek had retired in New director for Canada; Gloria Pa– election in November, in that ruh for about yet another sad episode in Mexico 13 years ago. schen, supreme vice-presidentess; a full term, Mr. Kulchitsky was not Ukrainian history by providing co- Walter Sochan, supreme secretary; successful, however. He lost the The highest ranking U.S. repre– pies of lhor Kamenetsky's "The and Alexander Blahitka, supreme election by a mere 700 votes out of a sentative of Ukrainian descent, as Tragedy of vinnytsia" (subtitled: treasurer. total of 28,700 cast. he himself likes to point out, is Rep. Materials on Stalin's policy of Ex- David Є. Bonior (D-Mich.). in a The convention created a fund to termination in Ukraine During the Another unsuccessful candidate recent news release, Rep. Bonior aid Ukraine, allocating S250,000 Great Purge, 1936-1938") to each in November was Walter M. Dudycz, announced that, after being elected each year for the next four years as member of the Senate and House. also a Republican, who ran for to serve his eighth term in the House the UNA'S donation. By the end of in the cultural realm, the UNA Congress in the 11th District of of Representatives, he was appoint– the year the UNA Fund for the sponsored the U.S. tour of the Ho– lllinois. Mr. Dudycz was defeated by ed chief deputy majority whip for the Rebirth of Ukraine had amassed min Men's Choir from Lviv. Also on the incumbent, Rep. Frank Annun– 102nd Congress, the fourth ranking other donations totalling ф143,024.39 the tour were the Svitlytsia Trio from zio, who received 54 percent of the position in the Democratic leader- (as of December 27). As well, the Kiev and the Smerichka Ensemble vote. ship of the House. convention approved more than from Chemivtsi. All three provided Political pundits immediately pre– "As a Ukrainian American, І am фбО,ООО in donations to various "Evenings of Ukrainian Music" in dicted that Mr. Dudycz, an lllinois encouraged by the progress made community institutions, groups and cities throughout the country. state senator, would run for Con– so far" in terms of religious freedom projects. Regarding UNA publications, gress again in 1992, when Rep. and democracy in Ukraine, "yet (l Before Mrs. Diachuk assumed the Soyuz greeted the release of the first Annunzio is expected to retire, and am) deeply concerned about the supreme presidency on July 1, UNA volume of an index to Svoboda, that, having gained voter recogni– ongoing struggles." He added, "As a Home Office employees bid a fond covering the years 1893-1899, which tion in 1990, he would be elected. member of the leadership, І will do farewell to outgoing Supreme Presi– was published by the immigration all І can to further the cause of dent John O. Flis, who had served Another lllinois Ukrainian,Ameri– History Research Center at the freedom." three terms in that office. can, State Rep. Myron J. Kulas, was University of Minnesota. Then, on September 15-16 the newly elected UNA Supreme As– At year's end, the opening of a New beginnings at the UNA sembly, composed of the executive Kiev press bureau to serve The officers, advisors and auditors, held Ukrainian Weekly and Svoboda it was a banner year for the Ukrai– much in demand - so much that an extraordinary session at the UNA inched closer and closer to reality. nian National Association, which there were many communities and headquarters. The assembly voted Meanwhile, at the UNA'S upstate not only held its 32nd quadrennial persons who were disappointed at to open a UNA press bureau in Kiev New York resort, Soyuzivka, the convention and elected its first not having an opportunity to meet and to establish a UNA political Association of UNA Seniors held its woman supreme president, but also with him. action committee, and created a By- 16th annual conference in June, sponsored the U.S. appearances of La ws Amendment Committee with Gene Woloshyn being re-elect– Mykhailo Horyn, chairman of the However, he did manage to meet charged with preparing a new UNA ed president, in August, 21-year-old Rukh Secretariat. with major news media, including Constitution and By-Laws. Marta Kuropas of Detroit was During his five weeks in North The New York Times, Wall Street Soon thereafter, the UNA an– crowned as the 36th Miss Soyu– America (August 25-September 29), Journal, Forbes, The Christian ncunced its new annuity certificate, zivka. the Ukrainian National Association, Science Monitor, The Washington with the assistance of many local Post and The Philadelphia inquirer, organizations, sponsored public with opinion leaders and decision Miscellaneous, but noteworthy meetings in New York, Kerhonkson, makers, including those at the AFL– Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Wash– СІО, National Endowment for De– This section comprises the annual vember. The play, which evolved ington and Philadelphia, in Canada, mocracy, Council on Foreign Rela– list of all those noteworthy events from a workshop held in March, was Mr. Horyn's meetings were arranged tions, National Conference on So– and people that defy classification based on the diaries of Les Kurbas, by the Canadian Friends of Rukh. viet Jewry and Freedom House, with under the other headings of this the noted theater director who revo– numerous U.S. senators and con– year-end review. Thus, the notables !utionized theater in Ukraine, and The Rukh leader, who is also vice- gresspersons, officials at the State, of 1990 are as follows: incorporated poetry by Shevchenko chairman of the National Council, Treasury, Commerce, Defense and a Avant-garde theaterdirector and Tychyna, memoirs by Kurbas5 the democratic opposition in U– Justice Departments, think-tanks, virlana Tkacz brought to stage her actors and the dreams and obses– kraine's Parliament, was invited to such as the American Enterprise experimental production, "A Light sions of the participating actors. the U.S. by Rep. Frank Wolf (R-va.) institute and the Heritage Founda– 'rom the East," at the La Mama The Yara Artistic Group, Ms. Tkacz's During his brief stay, Mr. Horyn was tion, as well as with former National Experimental Theater in late No– brainchild, was bom during the No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 13

1990: A LOOK BACK experimental stages of the docu– held at New York's Plaza Hotel on and Tamara Horodysky, a California whose goal if is to aid those who are dream. November 18. Mrs. Matkiwsky was couple known for their work in U.S.– willing and able to help themselves, ^ Lina Kostenko, the prominent honored by the Ukrainian Parlia– Soviet family exchanges and visits. to Ukraine in the early spring. Al– contemporary poet from Ukraine, ment for her work in providing care ^ An unprecedented three-day ready established in Hungary, Cze– accepted a poet-in-residence posi– for survivors of the 1986 nuclear international Symposium on the choslovakia, Poland and Moscow, tion at the University of Michigan in disaster. ^ Great Famine in Ukraine was held in the Ukrainian fund began its opera– Ann Arbor and thus spent several t The soap drive for Ukraine, Kiev on September 5-7 and featured tions in April, it is co-directed by months in the U.S. participating in initiated by the Ukrainian Human academic lectures interspersed with Bohdan Hawrylyshyn, personal re– the university's newly initiated U– Rights Committee of Philadelphia to eyewitness accounts by survivors of presentative of Mr. Soros, and Borys krainian visiting scholar program. help alleviate the severe shortage of the artificially induced famine. Oliynyk, president of Ukraine's this basic necessity began on De– Cultural Fund. ^ The Dudaryk Ukrainian Boys' ^ More than 80 scholars, busi– cember 8, 1989, and culminated on ness leaders and government rejDre– ^ The weeklong first congress of Choir, under the musical direction May 1, when 50 tons of the precious sentatives from the United States the international Association of of its founder Mykola Katsal, toured commodity were shipped from and Canada, joined by 15 promi– Ukrainian Studies commenced on American and Canadian cities in Camden, N.J., to Ukraine, abroad nent policy-makers from Ukraine August 27 in Ukraine's capital city. June and July, and enchanted au– the Soviet carrier, Sverdlovsk. The gathered at Harvard University for a Scholars and researchers of Ukrai– diences with its repertoire of Ukrai– nationwide drive netted donations conference on November 13-15 to nian history, language, literature, nian classical, folk and religious from various communities in Con– focus on economic reform in U– politics and culture from throughout songs. This, their first tour outside necticut, New York, New Jersey, kraine. Sponsored by Harvard's the world converged on Kiev to the Soviet Union, was organized by Delaware, Ohio and Pennsylvania, Project on Economic Reform in discuss a variety of academic topics, Marta Fedoriw, president of Bravo as well as numerous contributions Ukraine, an integral component of including the current state and international, and was highlighted from corporate donors, including the university's Program on Demo– national revival of Ukrainian scho– by a performance at New York City's Colgate-Palmolive; Lever Brothers, cracy in Ukraine, the conference larship. Dr. George Grabowicz, Carnegie Hall; Metropolitan Opera and Proctor and Gamble. attracted participants as diverse as director of the Harvard University star Paul Plishka joined the 65- : For two weeks in August, 43 noted businessman and philanthro– Research institute, was elected member Dudaryk on the Carnegie Lviv students, beginners and profes– pist George Soros of the Open lAUS president during the confe– stage in one of the year's most sionals alike, participated in daily Society Fund and volodymyr Pylyp– rence. memorable concerts. instruction in the fundamentals of chuk, chairman of the Economic ^ A 25th anniversary tribute to ^ Paula Dobriansky, a former operating their choice of Macintosh Commission of the Ukrainian SSR Roma Pryma Bohachevsky was held Fulbright-Hays Scholar and Ford or ІВМ computers, in an exchange Supreme Soviet. on June 2 in Lincoln Center's Alice Foundation Fellow who holds a project fostered by the Nestor lnsti– 9 Multimillionaire George Soros master's degree in Soviet politi– Tully Hall. The former prima balle– tute. it is the brainchild of Danylo brought his Soros Foundation, cal7military affairs from Harvard rina of the lnnsbruck State Opera House and soloist with the Winnipeg Royal Ballet was honored in an Returns 1renewals afternoon "Festival of Ukrainian Dance" program which featured her Among the noteworthy events bition exchange between the New return to Ukraine this September. Syzokryli Ukrainian Dance Ensem– of 1990, there were a number of York museum and the Lviv Re– Mr. Rudenko, who had been ble of New York. notable events that may best be gional Society for the Preserva– stripped of his Soviet citizenship ^ "Swan Lake. The Zone," won characterized as returns to, or tion of Historical and Cultural after he emigrated to the United the prestigious international Critics renewals in, Ukraine. Monuments. The exhibit featured States, had his citizenship re- Prize at the 1990 Cannes Film Festi– ^ On February 21, at a women's the contemporary religious archi– stored in August and finally re– val held in the spring, becoming the conference held in Lviv, theUkrai– tecture of Radoslav Zuk in a ceived a long-awaited visa ena– first Ukrainian film to achieve such nian Women's Association — photographic display. bling him to travel to Ukraine for an honor, initiated by Yuri lllienko, Soyuz Ukrainok - was re-esta– ^ Former Ukrainian political the Golden Echo Poetry Festival. the prominent Ukrainian film direc– blished in that western Ukrainian prisoner, poet and writer Mykola Mr. Rudenko remains in Ukraine, tor, and made possible through the city, in a letter addressed to the Rudenko, who emigrated to the where he continues his writing persevering efforts of virko Baley, World Federation of Ukrainian West in 1988 with his wife, Raisa, despite a condition that has the noted composer and conductor Women's Organizations, the as– was warmly welcomed upon his caused him to lose his eyesight. of the Las vegas Symphony, the film sociation asked to be accepted as tells the story of a man who escapes a member-organization. Since from prison three days before the then, Soyuz Ukrainok branches end of his sentence. have been established in Kiev and ^ Cleveland's Kashtan Ukrainian elsewhere in Ukraine. The organi– Dance Ensemble won the Grand zation was founded in Ukraine in Prix, the highest honor bestowed 1917. upon a Ukrainian dance group from rPlast, a Ukrainian youth or– abroad, during Lviv's first lntema– ganization founded in Lviv in tional Folklore Festival, held July 28 1911, on the model of Scouting, - August 5. The festival was or– held its first national conference ganized by Hromada, Lviv's Theater- in Ukraine since it was re-esta– Studio, under the direction of Yuriy blished in that country. The con- Yaremenko, and was supported by clave, held October 19-21 in Mor– the Lviv City Council. shyn, western Ukraine, set up a national coordinating council in ^ The third international con– preparation for the election of a gress of the World Federation of national executive at a subse– Ukrainian Medical Associations quent congress. The youth orga– commenced on August 4 in Kiev - a nization was registered with the historic first for Ukraine. Some 250 Lviv City Council in February. Ukrainian doctors from the West and 307 doctors from Ukraine con- ^ in May, a traveling exhibit of verged on the capital city, and later, 50 works by, the late Ukrainian on Lviv, to participate in conference American artist Jacques Hniz– lectures, hospital tours and to dis– dovsky began its trek across cuss important medical issues. Ukraine, stopping in Kiev, Lviv, During the congress, a historic Ternopil, Chernivtsi and lvano– event took place on August 16. Frankivske. Hnizdovsky's "re- Hundreds of Lviv residents, local turn" to his native Ukraine had and visiting physicians, tourists and begun even earlier, however. On local officials observed as Ukrainian January 27, the 75th anniversary Catholic Metropolitan volodymyr of the artist's birth in Pylypche, Sterniuk blessed the newly re- Ternopil region, residents of that named People's Clinic of Metropo– town honored the memory of litan Andrey Sheptytsky. their great son. The artist's ashes were laid to rest in a grave next to ь Nadia Matkiwsky, executive those of his mother and father - director of the Children of Chor– in accordance with Hnizdovsky's nobyl Relief Fund based in Short last will. Hills, N.J., was lauded as the first ш An exhibit of The Ukrainian recipient of the "Mother of Chor– Museuni of New York opened at nobyl Award" during the Ukrainian the Lviv National Museum in July institute of America's seventh an– as part of an unprecedented exhi– A Plast ceremony held in Lutske to commemorate the Battle of Kruty. nual achievement award banquet 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, 1990 No. 52

1990: A LOOK BACK

University, was confirmed by the the USSR, known for his film "Sha– U.S. Senate as the associate direc– Deaths in the community dows of Forgotten Ancestors," re- tor for programs at the U.S. lnfor– During 1990, the Ukrainian com– ^ Dr. Gregory Luznycky, 86, re- pressed in the 1970s and attacked mation Agency on October 28. Ms. munity mourned the passing of tired University of Pennsylvania for his "Ukrainian nationalism" Dobriansky will be responsible for notable leaders and activists, and professor, noted church historian, though he was a Georgian-born guiding all of USlA's program ope– well-known personages. Among literary scholar and journalist - Armenian - July 21. rations, including press and publi– them were the following. March 3. ^ Sofia Fedak-Melnyk, 90. wife cations, international exhibitions ^ Hanusia Sverstiuk, 3, grand- and longtime assistant of Andriy and the agency's foreign press ^ Bronko Nagurski, 81, Ukrai– Melnyk, head of the Leadership of nian American football player, star daughter of noted literary critic and centers. The appointment makes her philosopher Yevhen Sverstiuk, Ukrainian Nationalists - July 29. the highest ranking female execu– running back for the Chicago Bears t Jerry Pronko, first vice-presi– in the 1930s, a charter member daughter of Andriy and Maria Sver– tive in US1A. stiuk, who was born one week after dent of the Ukrainian Fraternal (1963) of the Pro Football Hall of Association, editor of The Fraternal ^ "Soviet Disunion: A History of Fame - January 7. the Chornobyl nuclear accident and the Nationalities Problem in the was diagnosed at the age of 2 as voice and managing editor of Fo– USSR," the first major study of the ^ Petro Cholodny, Jr., 87, artist having brain cancer - March 16. rum magazine, as well as public crumbling Soviet empire was re- and iconographer whose icons, 9 Wasyl Kychun, 68, a leading relations director for the UFA'S leased in New York in the summer. stained glass windows and mosaics member of Americans for Human annual Ukrainian Youth Festival - Authors Bohdan Nahaylo, a writer glorify the interiors of many churches Rights in Ukraine and founder of its July 29. and broadcaster on Soviet affairs, in the United States - January 24. Ohio branch - April 19. ^ Yaroslav Kurdydyk, 83, writer and victor Swoboda, an honorary ^ Archbishop Wolodymyr Dido– ^ Leonid Poltava, 68, author and and journalist in Ukraine, Germany research fellow at the School of wycz, 65, prelate of the Austra– journalist, editorial staffer of Svo– and Canada, a contributing writer to Slavonic and Eastern European liaXNew Zealand Eparchy of the boda, editor-in-chief of the National many publications, including Svo– Studies at the University of London, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Tribune - April 19. boda - August 1. provide a detailed analysis of the Church - January 20. ^ Taras Maksymowich, 64, su– ^ Bishop volodymyr Malanchuk, current political problems in the preme advisor of the Ukrainian Na– 86, France's first Ukrainian Catholic Soviet Union and the historical ь Olimpia Dobrovolska, 94, lead– tional Association and pillar of eparch - September 29. forces behind the present crisis. ing actress of Ukrainian theater Ukrainian community life in Miami ^ Mike Mazurki, 82, Ukrainian- ^ Nadia Diuk and Adrian Karatny– companies in Ukraine, wife of actor - April 30. born American actor of the silver cky collaborated on "The Hidden and theater director Joseph Hirniak ^ Bishop Demetrius Greschuk, screen and television - December Nations: The People Challenge the - February 2. 66, Ukrainian Catholic eparch of 9. Soviet Union from Lithuanian to 9 The Rt. Rev. Andrew Beck, 78, Edmonton - July 8. Armenia, Ukraine to Central Asia," diocesan treasurer at the Consistory ^ Yakiv Makovetsky, 81, former New census... an exploration of the history of the of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, head of the Ukrainian National Soviet Empire, released in the fall. administrator of diocesan publica– Council, longtime leading member (Continued from page 1) The book tells of the revival of tions, spiritual advisor to the Ukrai– of the Leadership of Ukrainian Na– figure is even lower: 36.6 percent. nationalism among the varied nian Orthodox League, member of tionalists - July 8. With respect to published mate- peoples in the Republics of the the Metropolitan Council - Fe– ^ Sergei Paradjanov, 66, brilliant rials, the 1989 census figures find that Soviet Union. bruary 2. film director of the postwar period in 70.3 percent of the newspapers in Ukraine are written in Ukrainian, 29 percent in Russian, and the remain– der (six titles, in all) in various other CELEBRATING languages. However, only 20 percent of books and brochures are printed THE RETURN TO UKRA1NE in Ukrainian, with the overwhelming majority appearing in Russian. of the Of interest also are statistics con– cerning mixed marriages in the HEAD OF THE UKRA1N1AN Ukrainian republic, as well as in the Soviet Union. A total of one-third of Ukrainian men and women marry GREEK-CATHOL1C CHURCH outside of their ethnic background. Details show a fairly even та1еДе- CARD1NAL and PATR1ARCH male split in that aspect: 22.4 percent of Ukrainian women and 20 percent of Ukrainian men choose non-Ukrai– MYROSLAV IVAN LUBACHIVSKY nian spouses. in 1988, the number of children METROPOLITAN ARCHBISHOP from mixed marriages grew to 16.1 percent of the total number of off- OF LVIV spring born to Ukrainian mothers. Ms. Prybytkova notes that "having married far away from their native AN HiSTORiC EXPERlENCE homes, Ukrainian women demon– strate exceptional adaptibility to their under the Spiritual Direction of surrounding traditions and way of The Most Rev. BAS1L LOSTEN, Bishop of Stamford life." Migratory patterns demonstrated also celebrate by the census show that of the 1,000 newcomers to Ukraine, 634 were HOLY WEEK and EASTER in UKRA1NE Ukrainian, 287 were Russian, 13 were Byelorussian, seven were Mol– MARCH 28 - April 10, 1991 davian and seven were Tatars. These NEW YORK - Lviv - BUDAPEST - NEW YORK statistics are more or less mirrored by emigrant numbers; 624 Ukrainians, Reserve now due to limited space. 296 Russians, 12 Byelorussians, six Moldavians, and four Tatars corn- KOBASNIUK TRAVEL INC. prise the total who left the republic (212) 254-8779 last year. While Ukrainians migrate 157 Second Avenue (800) 535-5587 to all regions of the USSR, they settle New York, N.Y. 10003 most often in Latvia, Estonia and Russia. Of interest to note is that the To: KOBASNIUK TRAVEL INC. number of Ukrainians in Latvia has 157 Second Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003 grown to 11 percent of the republic's Enclosed is my $250.00 per person LAND PORTlON DEPOS1T for the historic RETURN TO UKRA1NE of the METROPOUTAN total population; 6 percent of Rus– sia's inhabitants are Ukrainian. ARCHB1SHOP OF Lviv and for HOLY WEEK and EASTER celebrations in Ukraine. in accordance with the 1989 census Send more information regarding this event soon: figures, 79 percent of leaders in the fields of business and industry, Name Area Code No agriculture, transport and communi– Street Address City State Zip Code cations, and construction are Ukrai– nian. No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER зо, 1990 15

Musicians" (fifth edition), in the entry NJ 07078; (201) 376-5140. Reservations Christmas... "Lissenko," written again by Montagu- Founding conference... should be made by January 10. Meals (Continued from page 2) Nathan, gives the following opinion: (Continued from page 1) for the weekend will cost 575 per person Kozak, who feels acute sorrow due to "Referring to the characterization of mittee will be represented by two voting and will include two lunches, dinner and the destruction of the Zaporozhian Sich Oxana, the heroine of 'Christmas Eve delegates. Organizations and local breakfast. and worries about Ukraine's faje. Revels,' Russian music historian vsevo– chapters will also be represented and Each committee and organization Lysenko and Starytsky discarded the lod Cheshikhin expresses the view that they should contact the verification will receive a newsletter with any fantastic from Gogol's images; the Devil M. Lysenko's portrait is much nearer to Committee by January 10 at: Rukh updated information regarding the and Solokha, the witch, both disappear. Gogol's lively young village maiden Convention Committee, cj о L. Tatukh, conference and with instructions to the The magical flight of vakula was than Tchaikovsky's presentation in his 25714. Wexford, Warren, Ml 48091; Holiday inn. As the Holiday inn is 'Cherevichki.' " it should be under- replaced by a brief orchestral interlude (313) 755-5185. All committees should located near Newark international scored again that this testimony was submit a report of activity of no longer Airport, shuttle service will be available which became vakula's dream, leading issued by a Russian scholar. to the happy ending. All this fits in the than two pages to: Rukh Convention to those delegates arriving by plane. life of a village, not fantastic but rather Lysenko's opera with new orchestra– Committee, c^o Walter Sochan, U– realistic sketches of folk types. The part tion by volodymyr Nakhabin (Ukrai– krainian National Association, 30 of vakula the Blacksmith is vividly nian composer, b. 1910) was produced Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ 07302. sketched as befits the hero. in Kiev, October 10, 1958. Unfortuna– The registration fee for each delegate tely no recording of Lysenko's opera Musicologist Lidia Arkhymovych is S25; gulest registration is S10. The cost has ever appeared in Ukraine or any– of a guest room at the Holiday inn felt that discarding the supernatural where else. from Gogol's original and replacing this Jetport (1000 Spring St., Elizabeth, NJ element with the graphic human quali– 07201; (201) 355-1700 is S65, single or ties, robs the work of its magic, al– double occupancy. A room may be BUY U.S. ordered through the Rukh Convention though Lysenko imbued his work with SAVINGS BONDS Ukrainian folk melodies including the Committee, c^ о Bohdan Burachinsky, colorful Christmas carols. 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S1NCE 1928 return to Lviv prior to Easter SENKO FUNERAL HOMES New York - Lviv - New York New York's only Ukrainian family owned ft LIMITED SPACE - RESERVE TODAY operated funeral homes ^ Traditional Ukrainian ^services personally March 30 - April 12, 1991 conducted і Funerals arranged throughout Bklyn, Bronx, New York, Queens, Long island, etc. ^ Holy Spirit, St. Andrews Cem. 4 all others TRIDENT TRAVEL AGENCY international shipping 6086 State Rd., Parma, Ohio 44T34 Ш (216) 885-1111 ^ Pre-need arrangements Senko Funeral Home 83-15 Parsons Blvd., Jamaica, N.Y. 11432 Enclosed is my S200.00 deposit per person for the Spectacular Easter in Ukraine Trip. 718-657-1793 Senko Funeral Home Hempstead Funeral Howe Name - 213 Bedford Ave. 89 Peninsula Blvd. Address Telephone number ..... Brooklyn, N.Y. 11211 Hempstead, N.Y. 11550 1-718-3884416 1-516481-7460 City State .: Zip Code . ' 24 HOURS 7 DAYS A WEEK ,v 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER ЗО, i99o No. 52

January б invites the community to their traditional Malanka Dance featuring the music of PARMA, Ohio: St. viadimir's Ukrai– PREVIEW OF EVFNTS Happy Nights. Cost is S12.50 including a nian Orthodox Cathedral's fourth an– January 8 - April 30 January 12 hot buffet dinner; S7 for students; and S5 nual Christmas radio program for the without buffet. For reservations and sick and shut-ins will be aired on WERE– STERL1NG HE1GHTS, Mich.: Elemen– CARM1CHAEL, Ca.: The Ukrainian information call (315) 672-5361; (315) AM 1300, at 7-8 p.m. The broadcast will tary Ukrainian 101 (Section 95031, 4 Heritage Club of Northern California 468-2804; or (315) 468-3472. consist of greetings from the parish clergy credits) will be offered at the Sterling invites the community to their eighth January 20 as well as traditional carols. Heights Center, Heritage Junior High annual Malanka (Ukrainian New Year's School, Dodge Park at 16 Mile, on Eve celebration) at Our Lady of As– LAKE WORTH, Fla–: The Ukrainian Mondays, at 6-Ю p.m. vera Andrushkiw sumption Hall, corner of Walnut and American Club of the Palm Beaches will January 7 will be the instructor. Registration will be Cottage Way. Hor cToeuvers are at hold a Malanka at the American Polish held January 2-5 at Wayne State Univer– 6 p.m., a Ukrainian buffet is at, 7 p.m., and Club Hall, 4725 Lake Worth Road. PH1LADELPH1A: The Roman Mary– sity and WSU extension centers. For dancing begins at 8 p.m. to the music of Music will be provided by McKay, a nowych Ukrainian Melody Hour will more information call the German and the Ted Wiatr Orchestra. Reservations Ukrainian band from Miami. Donation present a special Christmas program on Slavic Department, (313) 577-3024, or are necessary and must be made by is Si8 per person. Sunday Supper begins WTG1-TY, channel 61, at 8 a.m. Mrs. Andrushkiw, (313) 751-8625. January 4. The cost is S20 for adults, S10 at 2 p.m. For further information call for students, and free for children age 6 (407) 734-1396 or (407) 585-1325. and under. For more information call January 23 - March 6 Stella Kotyluk, (916) 483-9449 or Alex Cheremosh concerts are announced Kachmar, (916) 363-8143. Checks should DETROlT, Mich.: Wayne State Univer– JERSEY C1TY, N.J. - The Ukrai– (312) 235-7788; First Security Federal be made payable to the Ukrainian Heri– sity will offer a new mini-course, "The nian Song and Dance Ensemble Chere– Savings Bank, (312) 772-4500; and at the tage Club of Northern California. Changing Face of Europe," (Slavic door. 370;German 370, 1-2 credits), on the mosh from Lviv is currently touring the RALE1GH, N.C.: A traditional "Sviat U.S. and Canada and performing a main campus. Classes will be held Wed– vector" will be held at the Church Hall of nesdays, at 4-5 p.m. and will be taught by festive program which includes "Christ- ^ Detroit, January 13, Warrenwood High School auditorium, 27100 Shoehner the Chapel of the Cross Episcopal a team of faculty experts on Germany, mas in Ukraine," featuring a traditional Road, 5 p.m. Tickets: Self reliance-Warren, Church. A social hour will begin at 5 p.m. Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. and dinner will follow, at 6 p.m. The cost vertep (nativity scene), carols and (313) 756-3300, and Eko Gallery, (313) 755- Registration will be held on January 2-5. is S7.50 for adults and 52 for children shchedrivky (Epiphany songs). Con- 3535. For further information call the German certs are planned in the following cities: under age 12. For more information call and Slavic Department, (313) 577-3024 Paul A. Wasylkevych, (919) 839-8962. ^ London, Ontario, January 15, Ukrai– or vera Andrushkiw, (313) 751-8625. ^ Binghamton, N.Y., January 2, Bing– nian Cultural Center, 247 Adelaide St., 7:30 January 26 hamton High School, Helen Foley Theater, p.m. Tickets: Arka, (519) 438-5271 and at PARMA, Ohio: The Brotherhood of St. viadimir's Ukrainian Orthodox Cathe– 31 Main St., 7 p.m. Ticket information: the door. CH1CAGO: The Ukrainian .Medical (607) 770-9782 or (607) 798-0907. dral will sponsor its annual Malanka dinner-dance in the parish center imme– Association of North America., lllinois ^ St. Catharines, Ontario, January 16, Branch, the Ukrainian veterinary Medi– Black Sea Hall, Welland Street, 7:30 p.m. diately following the 6 p.m. vespers in ^ Syracuse, N.Y., January 3, Fowler church. Tickets are Si5 and may be cal Association of America and Canada, High School auditorium, 227 Magnolia St., Tickets: Ukrainian Treasures, (416) 935- Chicago Branch, and the Ukrainian 7779 and at the door. obtained by calling the parish rectory, 7:30 p.m. Tickets at the door. (216) 886-1528. Engineers' Society of America, Chicago Branch, will host the 1991 Traditional 9 Oshawa, Ontario, January 17, Eastdale ^t Rochester, N.Y„ January 4. Eastridge January 19 Dinner and Dance with Presentation of High School auditorium, 2350 East Ridge College auditorium, Harmony and Ade– Debutantes at the Grand Ballroom of the NEW YORK: A Slavic Festival, directed Road, 7:30 p.m. Tickets: Mosaica Gift laide, 7:30 p.m. Tickets: So-Use Credit Conrad Hilton Hotel, 720 South Michi– Shop, (716) 467-2377, and at the door. Union, (416) 432-2161 and St. John's by Stanley Pelc and featuring over 200 gan Ave. Cocktails are at 6 p.m. and Ukrainian Orthodox Church, (416) 576- performers, will be held at the Avery dinner at 7 p.m. Donations are couples, 4131. Fisher Hall, Lincoln Center, 64th Street S 125; single, S65; student and senior ^ Cleveland, January 8, Holy Trinity and Broadway, at 7:30 p.m. Tickets are couples, S90; single, S50. Dance only, S20. Autocephalous Orthodox Church, 9672 9 Hamilton, Ontario, January 19, Delta S20 and Si5; senior citizens, Si5; chil– Formal attire is required and all proceeds State Road, N. Royalton, 7:30 p.m. Tickets: High School auditorium, 1284 Main St., dren under age 12, S10; and are available will go to selected charities. For reser– Bazar, (216) 845-6098; Selfreliance, (216) 7:30 p.m. Tickets at the door. at the Avery Fisher Hall Box Office. vations or information call Orest A. 884-9111; Osnova, (216) 842-5888; Cosmos, WARNERS, N.Y.: St. Luke's Ukrainian Hrynewych, (708) 698-4917 (between (216) 884-1738; and at the door. 9 Toronto, January 20, Central Tech Orthodox Church, 3290 Warners Road 6:30 and 9:30 p.m. EST). auditorium, Harbord and Bathurst streets, ^ Chicago, January 11, Lane Tech High (Harbord St. entrance), 3 p.m. and 7:30 p.m. School auditorium, Western Avenue and Tickets: Arka Queen, (416) 466-7061; West Edison Street, 7:30 p.m. Tickets: Delta, Arka, (416) 762-8751; and at the door.

GUARANTEE THE C0MPLET10N OF YOUR союзіекА Ф SOYUZIVKA Uk"Ptfinitfn fNJtftooncil ^Association І—state ENCYCLOPEDIA OF UKRAINE Poordmore Ro^ KerUUn, New УоЛ !?44б Ql4-6?6-564! І AND SAVE!! І A Y-T. Round Resort Prepared and published in able in 1992-1993 Cpublica– THE BEST CHRISTMAS GIFT FOR YOUR WIFE Canada by the Canadian tion dates are subject to institute of Ukrainian change). All three can be Studies, the Canadian purchased for a total price CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS Foundation for Ukrainian of S325. This is a real sav– WITH YOUR FAMILY AND FRIENDS Studies and Shevchenko ings of Si55 over the pro– Scientific Society (Sarcelles jected retail prices. Ensure at SOYUZIVKA France), three volumes of that you, or persons getting Come to Soyuzivka and celebrate Christmas with us the Encyclopedia are yet to the Encyclopedia as a gift be completed. from you, will receive the remaining three volumes. in response to continued January 6th to January 7th requests after the termina– Send your cheque or tion of the first prepayment money order for S325 to offer, the Foundation has CFUS now. (Outside arranged a second time-lim– Canada prices are in US The special rote of $66.30 per person, will include, ited special pre-publication dollars). For additional traditional Christmas Eve Supper, breakfast, price for the three volumes, information, contact the and a choice of turkey or steak which should become avail- CFUS office at: for lunch on Christmas Day. Also included are all taxes A tips. Канадська Canadian Fondation We require a deposit of S25.00 per person Фундація Foundation cahadienne along with your reservation. Українських Ukrainian des etudes For those who wish to join us for our Студій Studies ukrainiennes traditional Christmas Eve Supper only, the rate is Si 7.50 per person. 500-433 Main Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 1B3 Advance reservation only. Phone: 957-1541 Fax: 947-6834 SOYUZIVKA GIFT SHOP is open all year round. We offer a magnificent selection TH1S OFFER EXPlRES JANUARY 31,1991!! of gift items for Christmas and all other occasions. MANAGEMENT OF SOYUZlvKA