Green IT & Energieeffizienz

Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture

Green IT & Energieeffizienz - Umdenken lässt die Vision Wirklichkeit werden René Bersier, Systems Consultant, IBM Schweiz

Table of Contents

. Complexity . Virtualization ? . Some Examples . Building a Dynamic Infrastructure . Green IT….

Inefficiency is prolific – The need for progress is clear

22% empty 40-70% lost 47’000 lost In North America, up to 22 Estimated losses of In one small business percent of total port volume electrical energy because district in Los Angeles is empty containers. Port of grid systems are not smart alone, cars burn 47,000 Jersey has 100’000 empty gallons of gasoline each containers sitting in year just looking for storage. parking.

85% idle 70¢ per $1 3% used In distributed 70% on average is spent On average, for every 100 computing on maintaining current IT units of energy piped into a environments, up to infrastructures versus data center, only 3 units are 85% of computing adding new capabilities. used for actual computing. capacity sits idle. More than half goes to cooling the servers.

Building a Smarter Planet

IBM’s smarter Four major Dynamic planet vision IBM initiatives Infrastructure

Dynamic Infrastructur e

New Intelligence

The world has become flatter and smaller. Now Green & it must become Beyond smarter.

Smart delivers superior Work business and IT services with agility and speed

IT Complexity & Green IT...

Meet the Challenge in the Datacenter …

Expanding Complexity...

Data center cost and complexity on the rise

Spending Installed Base (US$B) (M Units) $300 50

45 Energy and cooling costs $250 Server mgmt and admin costs 40 35 $200 New server spending 30

$150 25

20 $100 15

10 $50 5

$0 0 6 8 0 6 9 97 08 10 005 199 19 199 1999 200 2001 2002 2003 2004 2 200 2007 20 200 20

Source: IDC, Virtualization 2.0: The Next Phase in Customer Adoption, Doc #204904, Dec 2006

CO2 Footprint for IT equipment ?

Typically, 1kWh of energy production generates 0.5kg CO2 (on average)

• It‘s depending of energy generation and region,

eg. in Germany to produce 1 kWh generates 0.6kg CO2 (average)

• Approx. 30% of all CO2 emissions in Germany are generated by coal-burning power plants • coal-burning power plants burn 480g coal per kWh and

produce 1.1kg CO2 / kWh (on average, ww-base) • New coal-burning power plants are more efficient, but still

produce 0.75kg CO2 / kWh

1 kWatt additional power will produce in one year:

• 8‘760 kWh x 0.5 kg CO2 / kWh = 4.38 t CO2

(24h x 365 days x 1kW = 8‘760 kWh/year)

What’s using the power?

. The processor power growth is the largest single contributor but there are many other areas- the more you pack into a server the more power it needs!

OTHER? Processor Processor •AC to DC Transitions 30% Other Memory •DC to DC Deliveries 44% PCI •Fans and air movement Planar Memory Disk 11% Standby Disk Other 6%

PCI Standby Planar 3% ( AC = Alternating Current ) 2% 4% ( DC = Direct Current )

What IBM can effect . . . We have Power deliver –Super energy efficient power supplies deliver more power to the server – less wasted watts in AC to DC transition

Less parts –Smarter shared infrastructure design means less components that draw power – less hardware means 44% less watts

Smarter thermal solution –Smarter thermal solution (blower count in Blades, XDA and calibrated vector cooling in rack mounted servers)

30% Low Voltage Processor –eg: Full performance 2.8GHz Xeon processor at substantial power savings over standard Xeon

1122 May 2007 © 20©0 92 0IBM07 CIBoMop Ceorarptionration Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture Power Supply Efficiency AC – DC 12V (schematic) Higher Efficiency  lower Heat

. Typical Load Efficiency of Server Power Supplies . 40-70% normal 100 . 20-35% redundant . IBM Power Supplies >80% at 20%+

90 . BladeCenter / high end p / i / z % . Target for all new IBM Systems cy

n . „Dynamic Power Saver“ e 80 i c

i . Switching off Power Supplies automatically if not f f needed E

V 70 . Tries to keep optimal load at approx. 90% max 2

1 Efficiency

C . Redundant N+1 D

60 - . „Industry Std“ total efficiency lower C

A . At ca. 70-80% (without UPS) 50 . DC-DC losses ~10% due to on-board IB M B la de C e n te r S td M e d S td lo w converters used

40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % Max load

Where are all those kW consumed ?

100

80 Server 60 Server Hardware 40 Loads Data Center 20 0 Ty pical Utilization Mainf rame 80 – 90% Unix 10 – 20% Wintel 5 – 12%

AC/DC Fans; 9% losses; 25% Used Resource Idle; 80% 20% HVAC, IT = 3,6% of total UPS Pr oces s or power DC/DC 40% 60% losses; 10% 30% Standby; 2% Drives; 6% P CI; 3% Memory; 11% P lanar; 4%

Need one more W of compute energy ?

27 W data center X1,7 16 W equiv IT power x3 5 W equiv processor x5 +1 W equiv. used ressource

Sites & Facilities Systems Design

Legacy solutions with dedicated systems

Microspikes and lots of white space are typical

Legacy solution with dedicated systems Test/Development BW Production ERP Production

Portal Production ERP Production

Mean values: Portal Production Peak 1 min = 76% Peak 1 hr avg = 21% Peak 8 hr avg = 10% Peak 24 hr avg = 4%

Typical x86 Utilization – Low for x86 and small UNIX servers

25% (Swiss customer; Windows shown; Intel Linux at 4%)

20% ) t e ht c 15% wi ge ( ung t

s 10% a l us A

0% 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 Zeit (48h Messung)

(red dots include 15 servers used for „High Performance Cluster“, 100% utilized)

Current Technology: Air Cooling Concepts

Temperature map of a data center Air cooling inefficiencies

• Non-specific coolant delivery

• Thermal short-cuts due to recirculation from outlet to inlet

• Cross-talk between computer room air conditioners

• Difficult planning and prediction

• Minimal knowledge about temperature Temperature Feedback Temperature Feedback distribution T T

Floor Leak Recirculation Short Circuit Conclusion Today’s thermal management infrastructure is over dimensioned to keep hot spot’s cool

Obstructions in Air Flow

It’s time to start thinking differently about infrastructure.

Delivering business value with innovation at all levels

Information on Demand SOA Infrastructure Solutions

Supercomputing Capacity on Demand Grid Computing Infrastructure Capacity on Demand

Product Families

Mainframe Power Modular Blades Storage

Technology & Packaging IBM z/Architecture™ Power Cell Broadband X-Architecture™ Architecture™ Engine™

IBM Systems Family Overview

z/OS, z/VM, z/VSE, Linux for z AIX, i (i5/OS, OS/400), Linux for Power Windows, VMware, Linux

System z Power Systems System x (zSeries, S/390) (pSeries, RS/6000 / iSeries, AS/400) (xSeries, Netfinity) e g

Memory d i Controller r B Scalability Scalability Port XX44 Controller IO e g rid B IO

Nova 0 Nova 1 Nova 2 Nova 3 Nova 4 Nova 5 Nova 6 Nova 7

Memory Memory Memory Memory card 1 card 2 card 3 card 4

Virtualization ?

Virtualization and Consolidation saves Energy !

T y p ica l U n ix a Target for n d I n Virtualization tel E n v iro n m e Represents a n physical server t

Virtualization Basics A Virtual Machine simulates the existence of a dedicated real machine, including processor functions, storage, and input/ output resources.

Linux Linux CMS z/VSE z/OS z/VM

Virtual z/VM PR/SM I/O and Network Memory Real

Processors

Virtualization Technology Evolution

z/VM Virtual Machines with CMS, z/OS, s/VSE and s/VM with..... Prod Prod (Test) z/VM (CP) z/VM (CP) System z (Hardware - SIE) z/VM 64-bit VM/ESA E S A Virtualization Technology VM/XA Linux Linux CMS z/VSE z/OS z/VM

Virtual

is not new for IBM z/PVR/SM VM/HPO 31-bit * I/O and Network nts Memory Real 64 MB real e Processors em VM/SP nc ha N-way En . Performance VM/370 al on cti . Scalability S /370™ un CP-67 F . Robustness S /360 . Flexibility

1960s 1972 1980 1981 1988 1995 2001

* Investments made in architecture, hardware, microcode, software

Virtualization can enable benefits beyond consolidation

Virtualize at all layers of the architecture for maximum benefits

Create many virtual Reach beyond the box — Dynamically change resources within a pool and manage many and adjust across the single physical device virtual resources as one infrastructure

Server Storage Network Application Client Virtualization Virtualization Virtualization Virtualization Virtualization

Virtualization creates unprecedented flexibility and responsiveness

IBM’s long-term focus on virtualization across Systems

System x BladeCenter System z10 Power Systems 4th generation IBM System System z POWER6 X-Architecture® Storage

While virtualization sounds complex, it’s really a simple idea. IBM Systems can provide virtualization capabilities that are unique in the marketplace

. IBM mainframe virtualization – 45 year history of world-class innovation . IBM X-Architecture designed for virtualization, shared cross platform . CoolBlue™ - Power and Cooling designs that lead the industry . Virtualization Management software that simplifies your environment . SAN Volume Controller – Storage Virtualization for availability . Capacity on Demand features integrated with virtualization . Virtualization features do not require “rip and replace” upgrades

Virtualization Architecture

POWER System #1 POWER System #2 n o y i t b c d

Production Web VIO u n Test Educ Pre-Prod VIO a d t o S r P Hardware Hardware Management Management Console Hypervisor Console Hypervisor I/O dedicated to Production and VIO I/O dedicated to Production and VIO

Processors Processors

Memory Memory Serv ice Serv ice processor processor Expansion slots Expansion slots

Local devices & storage Local devices & storage

Networks and network storage Networks and network storage

Virtualization Architecture - flexibility

POWER System #1 POWER System #2 n o y i t b c d

Production Web Test VIO u n Test Educ Pre-Prod Dev VIO a d t o S r P Hardware Hardware Management Management Console Hypervisor Console Hypervisor I/O dedicated to Production and VIO I/O dedicated to Production and VIO

Processors Processors

Memory Memory Serv ice Serv ice processor processor Expansion slots Expansion slots

Local devices & storage Local devices & storage

Networks and network storage Networks and network storage

Virtualization Architecture – Scale UP !

IBM POWER System 9 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 n n 1 2 1 3 5 6 8 9 2 4 7 n

4 6 8 9 1 2 3 5 7 n t t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 n 9 y y y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 h 2 5 7 h h h h h h h h 1 3 4 6 8 9 1 4 9 h n 2 3 5 6 7 8 s s 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 p p p n by n

by n n n n n n n n n n c c c c c c c c c c e d t t t t t t t t t i i t i rod1 rod2 d d up up up up up up u u u up v v v v v v v v v d d dby dby v s s s s s s s s s s Te T k k k k k k k k k k P P o e e e e e e e e e

m m mi nd e m

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Hardware Management Console Hypervisor I/O dedicated to VIO

Processors

Memory Serv ice processor Expansion slots

Local devices & storage

Networks and network storage

Virtualization Architecture – Scale UP !

IBM POWER System 9 9 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 n n 1 2 1 2 4 6 7 8 9 3 5 n

1 2 5 6 7 3 4 8 9 n t t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 9 y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 h 1 3 4 6 h h h h h h h h 2 5 7 8 9 1 4 9 h n 2 3 5 6 7 8 s s p p 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n nn

by n n n n n n n n n n c c c c c c c c c c e d t t t t t t t t t i i i t rod1 rod2 up up up up up up d d u u up up v v v v v v v v v d d d e dby dby v e d s s s s s s s s s s Te T k k k k k k k k k k P P o e e e e e e e e e ndby m m m mi e

Te ndby e e ro o o o Te Te Te Te Te T Te Te n ndb nd ndby ndby n ndby ndby T c c c c c c c r rod c c rod rod rod rod rod ro c r r r a rod rod rod rod rod rod rod rod s dmi ro s s s s s s s s a a a a a a a a d d dmi dmi d d dmi dmi a dmi s D D D D D D D D D O O a a a a a a a P T Te Te Te Te T Te Te Te a a D Te a O O t P P P P P P P P I I y y t t y y y y y y y t t t t t t t y I I P P P P P P P P P P P P A A A A A A A A A A S B B B B B B B B B B V V S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S V V

Hardware Management Console Hypervisor I/O dedicated to VIO

Processors

Memory Serv ice processor Expansion slots

Local devices & storage

Networks and network storage

Consolidation and virtualization of servers and storage reducing complexity, energy and labor for $40M est. cost reduction

“Mainframes” are back

Think about it: 400 Servers down to 1…… - sharing all resources - dynamically allocated, automatically, no admin needed - every virtual system get’s the performance of a mainframe - where have all the cables gone ? - what should I do with the empty space in my data center ? - does anyone need some energy ? I have some to spend…. - does anyone need an air conditioner ? I have some…. 31 © 2009 IBM Cooperation (Typically between 10 and 50 distributed servers onto each System z10 high-performance core, IFL – Integrated Facility for Linux) Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture

Reduced Matching the attributes of a Dynamic Infrastructure: Cost Reduce cost through consolidation on Linux on System z

Consolidating 134 Linux servers to 5 IFLs Can save up to 50% over x86 w/ VMware Oracle DB Workload, 3-Year Total IT Cost

Space Sun X2100 Single Power Core servers People Cost Software Maint Software Maint Dell Power Edge Hardware Quad Core servers & VMware z/VM Linux on 5x z10 BC IFLs

134 x86 Cores 48 x86 Cores 5 z10 Cores Your IT Cost may vary

Here’s a cool example: IBM will consolidate 3,900 servers to about 30 System z servers with expected reductions in energy consumption of over 80%

32 All performance information was determined in a controlled environment. Actu©a l 2re0s09ul tIsBM m Cayo voaprye.ra t i o n Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture

Enterprise Linux Server

. Optimise your IT via consolidation and virtualization with Linux – Smart. Cool. Affordable. . Provides a competitively priced entry Linux only server to encourage net new mainframe customer consolidation of non- IBM distributed workloads onto Linux for System z.

. Standard z10BC . 2 x 3.5GHz processors (IFL) enabled for Linux . 64 GB of memory . ficon and ethernet comms . z/VM + support for 3 years . HW maintenance for 3 years . Linear price on remaining capacity ce pri a F* g at CH . Does not include SUSE or redhat Linux license tin 00 star 0 of 442’

THINK !

Virtualization Architecture – Scale UP !

IBM POWER System # 1 IBM POWER System # 2

Implemented in 2007 Implemented in 2008 Implemented in 2007 Implemented in 2008

Customer calculated efficiency enhancements after phase 2 (end of 2007): ] t s W s k k

[ e c

f v a

600 157 37 e 332 o s

n R g I

% m f a e e e o

71 s t r

- b % r u s a

89% 86% m 98 e - - y y w - u

b % % S d 78 g 70 175 N - - r r 255 66 18 150 60% m e a - 97%

- u n H 100 2 N 4 45 E IBM Sun IBM Sun IBM Sun IBM Sun Phase 1 Phase 2 35 Source: http://www.inout.ch/f iles/pdf /news/200807_inout_serverv irtualisierung_raif f eisen.pdf © 2009 IBM Cooperation Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture

How low can your TCO go using Power System servers with PowerVM ?* X I A

s w o d n i W

x u n i L

‘VALUE PROPOSITION FOR IBM POWER SYSTEMS AS DATABASE SERVER IN MIDSIZE COMPANIES Cost Comparisons with Windows Servers’ and ‘VALUE PROPOSITION FOR IBM POWER SYSTEMS AS DATABASE SERVER IN MIDSIZE COMPANIES Cost Comparisons for Linux’, ITG, May-08, Source: ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/common/ssi/sa/wh/n/pol03008usen/POL03008USEN.PDF and ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/common/ssi/sa/wh/n/pol03009usen/POL03009USEN.PDF 36 © 2009 IBM Cooperation Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture

Summary: Dynamic Infrastructure

Building a dynamic infrastructure

Provide visibility, control and automation across all Service M anagement the business and IT assets to deliver higher value services.

Maximizing the value of critical business and Asset M anagement IT assets over their lifecycle with industry tailored asset management solutions.

Leadership virtualization and consolidation solutions Virtualization that reduce cost, improve asset utilization, and speed provisioning of new services.

Address energy, environment, and sustainability Energy Efficiency challenges and opportunities across your business and IT infrastructure.

Maintaining continuous business and IT Business Resiliency operations while rapidly adapting and responding to risks and opportunities.

End to end industry customized governance, risk Security management and compliance solutions.

Helping businesses achieve information Information Infrastructure compliance, availability, retention, and security objectives. 38 © 2009 IBM Cooperation Building a smarter planet with a dynamic infras tru cture

A dynamic infrastructure is a journey…

.…these interrelated initiatives can provide the DNA needed to thrive in a smarter planet.

LET’S BUILD A SMARTER PLANET

Start with Dynamic Infrastructure

Questions?

René Bersier IBM Systems Consultant

Trademarks

The following are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. IBM* HyperSwap System z9* z/OS* IBM (Logo*) Informix* System z10 z/VM* Cognos* InfoSphere System z10 z/VSE DB2* Maximo* Business Class Netcool* Tivoli* DB2 Connect OMEGAMON* WebSphere* DirMaint Parallel Sysplex* z9* Dynamic Infrastructure* PR/SM z10 Geographically Dispersed Parallel Syplex RACF* z10 BC GDPS* System p z10 EC HiperSockets System z* * Registered trademarks of IBM Corporation

The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies. Adobe, the Adobe logo, PostScript, and the PostScript logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States, and/or other countries. Cell Broadband Engine is a trademark of Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both and is used under license therefrom. Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both. Microsoft, Window s, Window s NT, and the Window s logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. INFINIBAND, InfiniBand T rade Association and the INFINIBAND design marks are trademarks and/or service marks of the INFINIBAND Trade Association. Intel, Intel logo, Intel Inside, Intel Inside logo, Intel Centrino, Intel Centrino logo, Celeron, Intel Xeon, Intel SpeedStep, Itanium, and Pentium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. ITIL is a registered trademark, and a registered community trademark of the Office of Government Commerce, and is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. IT Infrastructure Library is a registered trademark of the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency, w hich is now part of the Office of Government Commerce. * All other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respectiv e companies. Notes: Perf ormance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled env ironment. The actual throughput that any user will experience will v ary depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O conf iguration, the storage conf iguration, and the workload processed. Theref ore, no assurance can be giv en that an indiv idual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the perf ormance ratios stated here. IBM hardware products are manuf actured f rom new parts, or new and serv iceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply . All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers hav e used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual environmental costs and perf ormance characteristics will v ary depending on indiv idual customer conf igurations and conditions. This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not of f er the products, services or f eatures discussed in this document in other countries, and the inf ormation may be subject to change without notice. Consult your local IBM business contact f or inf ormation on the product or services available in your area. All statements regarding IBM's f uture direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectiv es only . Inf ormation about non-IBM products is obtained f rom the manuf acturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and cannot conf irm the perf ormance, compatibility, or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. Prices subject to change without notice. Contact y our IBM representativ e or Business Partner f or the most current pricing in y our geography .