Geopiracy: the Case Against Geoengineering I Geopiracy: the Case Against Geoengineering
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Factory of the Future?
Factory of the Future? Microsoft alum Nathan Myhrvold runs a firm that doesn't make anything, but it's hoarding the key to a new business age: intellectual property By Brad Stone Newsweek Nov. 22, 2004 issue - The offices of the highly secretive Seattle-area start-up, Intellectual Ventures, are filled with evidence of the multiple hobbies of its polymath founder, Nathan Myhrvold. The multimillionaire former chief technologist at Microsoft is a scientist, so there's a collection of antique microscopes in his office. He is a photographer, so striking pictures of nature adorn all the walls. He is an avid writer, so antique typewriters line the hallway. And since he is also a paleontologist, the full-scale head of a T. rex lords it over the lobby. It's actually a replica of the model used in the second "Jurassic Park" Robbie McClaran for Newsweek film. 'Wild and crazy' guy: Myhrvold The dino's ferociously bared teeth hint at elements of Intellectual Ventures' bold business plan. Myhrvold and his partner, former Microsoft chief software architect Edward Jung, have created the quintessential company for the 21st century. It doesn't actually make anything: it outsources, offshores and offloads nearly every task performed by regular corporations. It has no factories, machine shops or marketing teams. Only patent attorneys populate the quiet hallways. The five-year-old firm's plan is to create or buy new ideas, accumulate patents—exclusive rights to use the inventions—and rent those ideas to companies that need them to do the gritty work of producing real products. -
Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting
Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting Michael Webb Nick Short Nicholas Bloom Josh Lerner Working Paper 19-014 Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting Michael Webb Nick Short Stanford University Harvard Kennedy School Nicholas Bloom Josh Lerner Stanford University Harvard Business School Working Paper 19-014 Copyright © 2018 by Michael Webb, Nick Short, Nicholas Bloom, and Josh Lerner Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting Michael Webb, Nick Short, Nicholas Bloom, and Josh Lerner NBER Working Paper No. 24793 July 2018 JEL No. L86,O34 ABSTRACT Patenting in software, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence has grown rapidly in recent years. Such patents are acquired primarily by large US technology firms such as IBM, Microsoft, Google, and HP, as well as by Japanese multinationals such as Sony, Canon, and Fujitsu. Chinese patenting in the US is small but growing rapidly, and world-leading for drone technology. Patenting in machine learning has seen exponential growth since 2010, although patenting in neural networks saw a strong burst of activity in the 1990s that has only recently been surpassed. In all technological fields, the number of patents per inventor has declined near-monotonically, except for large increases in inventor productivity in software and semiconductors in the late 1990s. In most high-tech fields, Japan is the only country outside the US with significant US patenting activity; however, whereas Japan played an important role in the burst of neural network patenting in the 1990s, it has not been involved in the current acceleration. -
THE DEFENSIVE PATENT PLAYBOOK James M
THE DEFENSIVE PATENT PLAYBOOK James M. Rice† Billionaire entrepreneur Naveen Jain wrote that “[s]uccess doesn’t necessarily come from breakthrough innovation but from flawless execution. A great strategy alone won’t win a game or a battle; the win comes from basic blocking and tackling.”1 Companies with innovative ideas must execute patent strategies effectively to navigate the current patent landscape. But in order to develop a defensive strategy, practitioners must appreciate the development of the defensive patent playbook. Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8 of the U.S. Constitution grants Congress the power to “promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.”2 Congress attempts to promote technological progress by granting patent rights to inventors. Under the utilitarian theory of patent law, patent rights create economic incentives for inventors by providing exclusivity in exchange for public disclosure of technology.3 The exclusive right to make, use, import, and sell a technology incentivizes innovation by enabling inventors to recoup the costs of development and secure profits in the market.4 Despite the conventional theory, in the 1980s and early 1990s, numerous technology companies viewed patents as unnecessary and chose not to file for patents.5 In 1990, Microsoft had seven utility patents.6 Cisco © 2015 James M. Rice. † J.D. Candidate, 2016, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law. 1. Naveen Jain, 10 Secrets of Becoming a Successful Entrepreneur, INC. (Aug. 13, 2012), http://www.inc.com/naveen-jain/10-secrets-of-becoming-a-successful- entrepreneur.html. -
Ken Caldeira
Curriculum Vitae for Ken Caldeira PRESENT POSITION Senior Scientist Professor (by courtesy) Department of Global Ecology Department of Environmental Earth System Sciences Carnegie Institution Stanford University 260 Panama Street 450 Serra Mall Stanford, CA 94305 USA Stanford, California 94305 USA [email protected] [email protected] (650) 704-7212; fax: (650) 462-5968 EDUCATION Ph.D.,1991, New York University, Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Applied Science M.S.,1988, New York University, Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Applied Science B.A.,1978 Rutgers College, Philosophy PRIOR RESEARCH EXPERIENCE Physicist/Environmental Scientist (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1995 to 2005) Research ocean carbon cycle, atmospheric CO2, ocean/sea-ice physics, climate, and energy systems Post-Doctoral Researcher (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 1993 to 1995) Research the ocean carbon cycle, atmospheric CO2 and climate NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellow (Earth Systems Science Center & Dept. of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University; 1991 to 1993) Role of the carbonate-silicate cycle in long-term atmospheric CO2 content and climate GENERAL RESEARCH INTERESTS Ocean acidification; climate/carbon-cycle interactions; numerical simulation of climate and biogeochemistry; marine biogeochemical cycles; global carbon cycle; long-term evolution of climate and geochemical cycles; intentional intervention in the climate system; energy technology and policy ADVISORY PANELS / DISSERTATION COMMITTEES National Academy of Sciences, -
Who Will Control the Green Economy? ETC Group, 2011
!"#$%&''$(#)*+#'$*",$ -+,,)$.(#)#/01 23$4#5,+)/,)*3$6+,67+,$*#$37)(*&#)$7$-+,,) .(#)#/0 7*$8	:;<$.=>$-+#?6$6+#5&@,3$ 7)$?6@7*,$#)$(#+6#+7*,$6#%,+$7)@$ %7+)3$*"7*$*",$A?,3*$*#$(#)*+#'$B&#/733$ %&''$6,+6,*?7*,$*",$-+,,@ .(#)#/0C %%%C,*(4+#?6C#+4 “We are told by men of science that all the venture of mariners on the sea, all that counter-marching tribes and races that confounds old history with its dust and rumour, sprang from nothing more abstruse than the laws of supply and demand, and a certain natural instinct for cheap rations. To any one thinking deeply, this will seem a dull and pitiful explanation.” —Robert Louis Stevenson, Will o’ the Mill, 1901 “As long as the maximization of profit remains the cornerstone of acquisitive society and capitalist economy, corporations will retain their interest in scarcity as a creator of economic value.” —German-born economist, Erich W. Zimmermann, in World resources and industries: a functional appraisal of the availability of agricultural and industrial materials, 1933 2(D)#%',@4,/,)*3 All original artwork, including the cover illustration, “BioMassters: The Board Game,” and report design by Shtig. ETC Group gratefully acknowledges the financial support of SwedBio (Sweden), HKH Foundation (USA), CS Fund “Trickle Down” by Adam Zyglis used with permission. (USA), Christensen Fund (USA), Heinrich Böll Who Will Control the Green Economy? is ETC Group Foundation (Germany), the Lillian Goldman Charitable Communiqué no. 107. Trust (USA), Oxfam Novib (Netherlands) and the Norwegian Forum for Environment and Development. November 2011 ETC Group is solely responsible for the views expressed in All ETC Group publications are available free of charge this document. -
Young Scientists
Young Scientists Applied mathematics Erez Aiden is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Genetics at the Baylor College of Medicine, where he directs the Center for Genome Architecture, and in the Department of Computer Science and Computational and Applied Mathematics at Rice University. His research has made fundamental contributions to a large variety of disciplines, including molecular biology, polymer physics, historical linguistics, wearable computing, and mathematics. These include: development of a three-dimensional genome sequencing method; discovery of dynamic reorganization of the genomic architecture to facilitate gene expression or silencing; the characterization of the genome as a “fractal globule;” quantitative analysis of the evolutionary dynamics of language which led to the discovery that the rate of verb regularization depends on the inverse-square of its usage frequency. He has over 20 patents in various stages of filing. Co- inventors include Bob Langer, Nathan Myhrvold and Bill Gates. Microfluidic methods Adam Abate is Assistant Professor in Bioengineering at the School of Pharmacy of the University of California at San Francisco. He is a physicist whose research employs microfluidics for high-throughput biological applications. He has developed microfluidic methods to create emulsions that consist of droplets of very precise and consistent sizes that are used to create micro-compartments, which can be loaded with single cells and other active materials, such as drugs, nutrients, and assay reagents. The droplets can be used as tiny “test tubes” for performing chemical and biological reactions. This approach is used for directed evolution, genetic sequencing and cell sorting. Optical sensors Andrea Armani is the Fluor Early Career Chair in Engineering and Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science at the University of Southern California. -
Ken Caldeira
Curriculum Vitae for Ken Caldeira PRESENT POSITION Senior Scientist Professor (by courtesy) Department of Global Ecology Department of Earth System Science Carnegie Institution Stanford University 260 Panama Street 450 Serra Mall Stanford, CA 94305 USA Stanford, California 94305 USA [email protected] [email protected] (650) 704-7212; fax: (650) 462-5968 EDUCATION Ph.D.,1991, New York University, Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Applied Science M.S.,1988, New York University, Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Applied Science B.A.,1978, Rutgers College, Philosophy PRIOR RESEARCH EXPERIENCE Physicist/Environmental Scientist (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1995 to 2005) Research ocean carbon cycle, atmospheric CO2, ocean/sea-ice physics, climate, and energy systems Post-Doctoral Researcher (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; 1993 to 1995) Research the ocean carbon cycle, atmospheric CO2 and climate NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellow (Earth Systems Science Center & Dept. of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University; 1991 to 1993) Role of the carbonate-silicate cycle in long-term atmospheric CO2 content and climate GENERAL RESEARCH INTERESTS Ocean acidification; climate/carbon-cycle interactions; numerical simulation of climate and biogeochemistry; marine biogeochemical cycles; global carbon cycle; long-term evolution of climate and geochemical cycles; intentional intervention in the climate system; energy technology and policy ADVISORY PANELS / DISSERTATION COMMITTEES / ETC National Academy of Sciences, Geoengineering Climate Panel Member (2014) IPCC AR5 Report Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Contributing Author (2013) Fellow of the American Geophysical Union (2010) National Academy of Sciences, America's Climate Choices Panel Member (2009) UK Royal Society Geoengineering Report Panel Member (2009) Global Carbon Project, Scientific Steering Committee Member (2009-2013) European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA), Advisory Board Member (2008-2012) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Rep. -
Carbon Budgetbudget 20092009 GCP-Carbon Budget2009 Contributors
Budget09 released on 21 November 2010 ppt version 20 January 2011 CarbonCarbon BudgetBudget 20092009 GCP-Carbon Budget2009 Contributors Karen Assmann Peter E. Levy University of Bergen, Norway Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, UK Thomas A. Boden Sam Levis Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak National Centre for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Co, USA Ridge, Tennessee USA Mark R. Lomas Gordon Bonan Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, U National Centre for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA Joseph Majkut Laurent Bopp AOS Program, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, UMR, CEA-CNRS- Nicolas Metzl UVSQ, France LOCEAN-IPSL, CNRS, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Université Pierre et Marie Erik Buitenhuis Curie, Paris, France School of Environment Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Corinne Le Quéré Ken Caldeira School of Environment Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Depart. of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, USA British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK Josep G. Canadell Andrew Lenton Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Canberra, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Tasmania, Australia Australia Ivan Lima Philippe Ciais Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, UMR CEA-CNRS- Gregg Marland UVSQ, France Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Thomas J. Conway Ridge, Tennessee, USA NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA Glen P. Peters Steve Davis Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo, Norway Depart. of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, USA Michael R. -
Michael Maccracken, IUGG Fellow
Michael MacCracken, USA IUGG Fellow Dr. Michael MacCracken is Chief Scientist for Climate Change Programs with the Climate Institute in Washington DC. After graduating from Princeton University with a B.S. in Engineering in 1964 and from the University of California with a Ph.D. in Applied Science in 1968, he joined the University of California’s Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) as an atmospheric physicist. Building on his Ph.D. research, which involved constructing one of the world’s first global climate models and using it to evaluate suggested hypotheses of the causes of Pleistocene glacial cycling, his LLNL research focused on seeking to quantify the climatic effects of various natural and human-affected factors, including the rising concentrations of greenhouse gases, injections of volcanic aerosols, albedo changes due to land- cover change, and possible dust and smoke injection in the event of a global nuclear war. In addition, he led construction of the first regional air pollution model for the San Francisco Bay Area in the early 1970s and an early inter-laboratory program researching sulfate pollution and acid precipitation in the northeastern United States in the mid 1970s. From 1993-2002, Dr. MacCracken was on assignment from LLNL as senior global change scientist for the interagency Office of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) in Washington DC. He served as the Office’s first executive director from 1993-97 and then as the first executive director of USGCRP’s coordination office for the first national assessment of the potential consequences of climate variability and change from 1997-2001. -
December 16, 1995
Michael C. MacCracken January 6, 2016 Present Positions and Affiliations Chief Scientist for Climate Change Programs (2003- ), and member, Board of Directors (2006- ), Climate Institute, Washington DC Member (2003- ), Advisory Committee, Environmental and Energy Study Institute, Washington DC Member (2008- ), US National Committee for the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences (liaison to IAMAS) Member (2010- ), Advisory Board, Climate Communication Shop Member (2010- ), Advisory Board, Climate Science Communication Network Member (2012- ), Union Commission on Climatic and Environmental Change (CCEC) of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) Member (2013- ), Advisory Council, National Center for Science Education, Oakland CA. Member (2013- ), Board of Advisors of Climate Accountability Institute (climateaccountability.org). Member (2014- ), American Meteorological Society Committee on Effective Communication of Weather and Climate Information (CECWCI) Member (2014- ), ASQ (American Standards for Quality) Technical Advisory Group ISO/TC 207 (TAG 207) on Environmental Management and the ASC Z1 Subcommittee on Environmental Management Previous Positions (selected) Atmospheric scientist (1968-2002) and Division Leader for Atmospheric and Geophysical Sciences (1987- 1993), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA Senior Scientist for global change (1993-2002), Office of the US Global Change Research Program, on detail from LLNL with assignments serving as the first executive -
Synthesis Report Synthesis Report
Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report Synthesis Report An Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change This underlying report, approved paragraph by paragraph at IPCC Plenary XVIII (Wembley, United Kingdom, 24-29 September 2001), represents the formally agreed statement of the IPCC concerning key findings and uncertainties contained in the Working Group contributions to the Third Assessment Report. Based on a draft prepared by: Core Writing Team Robert T. Watson, Daniel L. Albritton, Terry Barker, Igor A. Bashmakov, Osvaldo Canziani, Renate Christ, Ulrich Cubasch, Ogunlade Davidson, Habiba Gitay, David Griggs, Kirsten Halsnaes, John Houghton, Joanna House, Zbigniew Kundzewicz, Murari Lal, Neil Leary, Christopher Magadza, James J. McCarthy, John F.B. Mitchell, Jose Roberto Moreira, Mohan Munasinghe, Ian Noble, Rajendra Pachauri, Barrie Pittock, Michael Prather, Richard G. Richels, John B. Robinson, Jayant Sathaye, Stephen Schneider, Robert Scholes, Thomas Stocker, Narasimhan Sundararaman, Rob Swart, Tomihiro Taniguchi, and D. Zhou Extended Team Q.K. Ahmad, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Fons Baede, Tariq Banuri, Leonard Bernstein, Daniel H. Bouille, Timothy Carter, Catrinus J. Jepma, Liu Chunzhen, John Church, Stewart Cohen, Paul Desanker, William Easterling, Chris Folland, Filippo Giorgi, Jonathan Gregory, Joanna Haigh, Hideo Harasawa, Bruce Hewitson, Jean-Charles Hourcade, Mike Hulme, Tom Karl, Pekka E. Kauppi, Rik Leemans, Anil Markandya, Luis Jose Mata, Bryant McAvaney, Anthony McMichael, Linda Mearns, Jerry Meehl, Gylvan Meira-Filho, Evan Mills, William R. Moomaw, Berrien Moore, Tsuneyuki Morita, M.J. Mwandosya, Leonard Nurse, Martin Parry, Joyce Penner, Colin Prentice, Venkatachalam Ramaswamy, Sarah Raper, Jim Salinger, Michael Scott, Roger A. Sedjo, Priyaradshi R. Shukla, Barry Smit, Joel Smith, Leena Srivastava, Ron Stouffer, Kanako Tanaka, Ferenc L. -
The Atlantic Online | June 2008 | the Sky Is Falling | Gregg Easterbrook
The Atlantic Online | June 2008 | The Sky Is Falling | Gregg Easter... http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/print/200806/asteroids Print this Page Close Window JUNE 2008 ATLANTIC MONTHLY The odds that a potentially devastating space rock will hit Earth this century may be as high as one in 10. So why isn’t NASA trying harder to prevent catastrophe? BY GREGG EASTERBROOK The Sky Is Falling Image credit: Stéphane Guisard, www.astrosurf.com/sguisard ALSO SEE: reakthrough ideas have a way of seeming obvious in retrospect, and about a decade ago, a B Columbia University geophysicist named Dallas Abbott had a breakthrough idea. She had been pondering the craters left by comets and asteroids that smashed into Earth. Geologists had counted them and concluded that space strikes are rare events and had occurred mainly during the era of primordial mists. But, Abbott realized, this deduction was based on the number of craters found on land—and because 70 percent of Earth’s surface is water, wouldn’t most space objects hit the sea? So she began searching for underwater craters caused by impacts VIDEO: "TARGET EARTH" rather than by other forces, such as volcanoes. What she has found is spine-chilling: evidence Gregg Easterbrook leads an illustrated that several enormous asteroids or comets have slammed into our planet quite recently, in tour through the treacherous world of space rocks. geologic terms. If Abbott is right, then you may be here today, reading this magazine, only because by sheer chance those objects struck the ocean rather than land. Abbott believes that a space object about 300 meters in diameter hit the Gulf of Carpentaria, north of Australia, in 536 A.D.