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THE JOURNAL of ASTROSOCIOLOGY Volume 1 (2015) THE JOURNAL OF ASTROSOCIOLOGY VOLUME 1 A Publication of the Astrosociology Research Institute © 2015 Astrosociology Research Institute Cover Art Design Credit: Kathleen D. Toerpe Front Cover Art: “Ultraviolet Light Source in an Old Galaxy,” Hubble Image #PR99-40, courtesy NASA-GSFC/STSCI, and “Hubble First Servicing EVA,” Hubble Image #STS061-98- 050, courtesy NASA-JSC. Back Cover Art: “Ultraviolet Light Source in an Old Galaxy,” Hubble Image #PR99-40, courtesy NASA-GSFC/STSCI. THE JOURNAL OF ASTROSOCIOLOGY Staff Christopher M. Hearsey, Editor-in-Chief Jim Pass, Executive Editor Renato Rivera Rusca, Executive Editor Kathleen D. Toerpe, Executive Editor Luke Idziak, Assistant Editor Katrina Jackson, Assistant Editor Kevin Maher, Assistant Editor Editorial Board Sheryl Bishop, Ph.D. P.J. Blount, J.D., LL.M. Simone Caroti, Ph.D. Leonard David Albert Harrison, Ph.D. Ron Kohl, M.S. Michael C. Mineiro, LL.M., D.C.L. Geoffrey Notkin, B.F.A. Virgiliu Pop, LL.M. Vadim Rygalov, Ph.D. Eligar Sadeh, Ph.D. Alan F. Steinberg, Ph.D. Frank White, M.Phil. PUBLISHER’S NOTICE All correspondence with reference to this publication or the Astrosociology Research Institute may be directed to P.O. Box 1129, Huntington Beach, CA 92647-1129, or [email protected]. You may visit the webpage of The Journal of Astrosociology at www.astrosociology.org/joa.html. This volume of The Journal of Astrosociology has been provided free of charge to the public in Portable Document Format (PDF) by the Astrosociology Research Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted, or disseminated in any form or by any means for commercial purposes without prior written permission from the Astrosociology Research Institute. The Astrosociology Research Institute grants authorization for individuals to print, copy, or redistribute in original form for private research use on the sole basis that requests for such use are referred directly to the Astrosociology Research Institute. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any statements of fact or opinion expressed in the published papers. THE JOURNAL OF ASTROSOCIOLOGY Volume 1 (2015) Table of Contents Introduction to the Inaugural Issue 1 Dedication to Albert A. Harrison (1940-2015) 7 ARTICLES Albert A. Harrison, Astrobiology: Where Science Meets Humanistic Inquiry 11 Alan Steinberg, Jeffrey Alles, and Ryan L. Kobrick, Exploring How Social Media Can Be Used to Promote Space Awareness: A Case Study of the Yuri’s Night Web 2.0 Strategy 31 ESSAYS Geoffrey Landis, Spaceflight and Science Fiction 57 Elizabeth Song Lockard, Beyond Habitation in Space: The Need to Design for Adaptation 69 STUDENT ESSAY Ana Kilbryde, Space Travel as a Means for Re-Enchantment, Unification, and Spiritual Fulfillment 83 APPENDICES About the Astrosociology Research Institute i Instructions for Authors iii Suggested Topics ix Publication and License Agreement xvii Call for Papers: Volume 2 xix Introduction to the Inaugural Issue Welcome to the inaugural issue of The Journal of Astrosociology! The field of astrosociology has come a long way since Dr. Jim Pass first introduced it in 2004. To support the study of astrosocial phenomena (i.e., the social, cultural, and behavioral patterns related to outer space), Dr. Pass founded the Astrosociology Research Institute (ARI) in 2008. Since then, ARI has collaborated and affiliated with top researches, scholars, and institutions across a wide variety of disciplines that study outer space and its effects on human societies, cultures, and individuals. Whether through the lens of the hard sciences, law, policy, history, philosophy, literature, or any other field or discipline of study, ARI seeks to encourage a multidisciplinary approach to the investigation of the two-way relationship between outer space and humanity. To induce growth in astrosociological research, ARI has therefore expanded its role in the pursuit of knowledge with the publication of The Journal of Astrosociology. While the study of astrosocial phenomena has existed in one form or another for a very long time, the terms astrosociology and astrosocial phenomena are a relatively new convention. Mainstream sociology and the other social science fields and disciplines have resisted expending very much time, energy, and other resources to the study of space-related issues. Nevertheless, individuals have tackled such issues since before the dawn of the space age. For example, science fiction writers like Jules Verne, Arthur C. Clarke, Isaac Asimov, and others have contemplated such issues, often made amazing predictions, and even helped unravel a few social and technical problems. The creation of the field of astrosociology, and later ARI, occurred to facilitate and guide the development of this social-scientific approach to the study of space issues in a formal and organized manner. ARI and The Journal or Astrosociology exist to formalize this process in a coherent and easily recognizable manner. Can we bring astrosociology into the mainstream among the social sciences? We at ARI believe that we can, and this journal represents a most important tool to make it happen. So welcome to the astrosociological frontier! By building on the successes from the publication of the astrosociology special issue in the journal Astropolitics in 2011 and the publication of ARI’s newsletter Astrosociological Insights beginning in 2012, progress accelerated at a disciplined pace towards the creation of this journal. Of course, garnering support and providing announcements in the social media have had their impact as well. Yet greater progress continues to take place among too few scientists and scholars in both the social and physical sciences. Our aim with this journal is to continue the expansion of supporters and participants who wish to grow the astrosociological community and add the human dimension to space education and research for the benefit of all. Before exploring this first volume of the journal, it would be helpful for the reader to understand what astrosociology actually is. Astrosociology is the scientific study of astrosocial phenomena, defined as the social, cultural, and behavioral patterns related to outer space. What this boils down to is a focus on the various ways in which outer space impacts on all aspects of societies and people. Therefore, this journal is committed to a focus on the human dimension of space, including how astrosocial phenomena affect individuals, cultures, subcultures, social groups, entire societies, and the relationships between, and among, nations. It does not matter where people live, in space or on Earth, because astrosocial phenomena have become nearly ubiquitous in all of our daily social lives, even if we fail to recognize them. © 2015 Astrosociology Research Institute 1 How is this possible? Consider that what we observe as celestial phenomena can inspire those who prefer to go “off the grid,” such as when witnessing a shooting star pass through the night sky or simply starring at the stars overhead. These experiences can have profound impacts on individuals – and certainly such observations have affected entire societies and cultures, as well as individuals in the past. Thus, astrosocial phenomena do not depend on our understanding of science or technology to affect us, nor do they require us to recognize them as such. In a sense, these astronomical phenomena transform into astrosocial phenomena when a person observes them. It is important for future readers of, and contributors to, this journal to understand that we at ARI hold a strong belief that not everyone interested in pursuing or learning about space education and research issues must be a physical or natural scientist. Many people choose not to become “hard” scientists for a variety of reasons. The very reason Dr. Pass founded the field of astrosociology was to invite social scientists, behavioral scientists, humanists, and artists interested in space to find and build a community of like-minded individuals to work within a professional capacity as well as share their passion for space. This includes those already working on space-related issues who do so largely apart from the mainstream of their disciplines and fields and one another, and those who wish to pursue astrosociology, especially scholars and students, who favor a social-scientific approach. Additionally, we at ARI believe strongly in the necessity to continue building bridges to the traditional space community, to natural and physical space scientists, in order to encourage collaborative interdisciplinary work among those traditionally separated within the two branches of science. Formalized collaboration such as this can result in synergies that create breakthroughs and insights that scientists working within single disciplines and fields in either scientific branch cannot achieve alone. The multidisciplinary structure of astrosociology therefore emphasizes interdisciplinary efforts between hard and soft scientists. I believe the collection of manuscripts contained in this first volume is truly representative of an astrosociological approach. This volume is only the beginning and I invite interested persons to contribute and help grow this timely and unique approach to the study of a wide variety of social-scientific problems inherent in the field of astrosociology. *** The inaugural issue of
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