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Chapter 296-78 WAC, Sawmills and Woodworking
Chapter 296-78 WAC Introduction Sawmills and Woodworking Operations _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 296-78 WAC Sawmills and Woodworking Operations (Form Number F414-010-000) This book contains rules for Safety Standards for sawmills and woodworking operations, as adopted under the Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act of 1973 (Chapter 49.17 RCW). The rules in this book are effective March 2018. A brief promulgation history, set within brackets at the end of this chapter, gives statutory authority, administrative order of promulgation, and date of adoption of filing. TO RECEIVE E-MAIL UPDATES: Sign up at https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/WADLI/subscriber/new?topic_id=WADLI_19 TO PRINT YOUR OWN PAPER COPY OR TO VIEW THE RULE ONLINE: Go to https://www.lni.wa.gov/safety-health/safety-rules/rules-by-chapter/?chapter=78/ DOSH CONTACT INFORMATION: Physical address: 7273 Linderson Way Tumwater, WA 98501-5414 (Located off I-5 Exit 101 south of Tumwater.) Mailing address: DOSH Standards and Information PO Box 44810 Olympia, WA 98504-4810 Telephone: 1-800-423-7233 For all L&I Contact information, visit https://www.lni.wa.gov/agency/contact/ Also available on the L&I Safety & Health website: DOSH Core Rules Other General Workplace Safety & Health Rules Industry and Task-Specific Rules Proposed Rules and Hearings Newly Adopted Rules and New Rule Information DOSH Directives (DD’s) See http://www.lni.wa.gov/Safety-Health/ Chapter 296-78 WAC Table of Contents Sawmills and Woodworking Operations _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 296-78 WAC SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SAWMILLS AND WOODWORKING OPERATIONS WAC Page WAC 296-78-500 Foreword. -
The Saratoga Sun Rockin' out at the Yard
THE PLATTE VALLEY’S NEWSPAPER SINCE 1888 THE SARATOGA SUN WEDNESDAY • JUNE 11, 2014 • VOLUME 127 • NO. 45 • $1 Public asks for Rockin’ out at The Yard transparency with proposed budget By Mike Dunn going to (interrupt) tonight. I’m Despite the short agenda and done. [Cox] will get it done, she 20 minute meeting, the June 3 will do it for you. You are not Saratoga Town Council meeting going to sit there and carry on …” was filled with heated discus- Hetherington asked “the ques- sions between Mayor John Zeiger tion is simple: is she going to and Saratoga residents. make it available to us before - ” Ordinance 826, an ordinance Hetherington was interrupted to provide the necessary income again by Zeiger before Hetherin- to finance the 2014-2015 fiscal ton could complete his sentence. year, was passed by the Saratoga Zeiger attempted to move to town council on the third read- the next item on the agenda. He ing. The ordinance proposes the was openly criticized by the au- town raise $2,954,874.41 for the dience for cutting Hetherington general fund. off in the middle of his statement. Saratoga resident and candi- Brad Cary proposed the idea date for Mayor of Saratoga Glee of placing the budget for public Johnson asked the council if a view on the town’s website. line item budget was available Thompson said he would have for public view before a final to examine the law to see if post- budget is proposed. ing the budget online would be Town Clerk Suzie Cox said allowed. -
Lec11 for 373 Bucking Logs-20B [Compatibility Mode]
Improving Value Recovery Through Optimal Bucking Objectives for Today Cover Page •Short paragraph announcing offer of timber sale, location, • Timber Sale Prospectus samples acreage and general volume with species •Day of timber showing •Day of bid opening • Discuss the high stakes world of log •Paragraph detailing bidding deadline and where bids should bucking with presentation from: be sent • Announcement: – No Class on Wednesday – No Lab on ThursdayImproving Value Recovery....Through 2 Optimal Bucking Cover Cover Page Page 3 4 Cover Cover Page Page 5 6 1 Improving Value Recovery Through Optimal Bucking Cover Cover Page Page 7 8 Volume Table Cover •User-friendly table detailing timber sale Page volume by species; should include species DBH class, # of trees, average volume per tree; total by species and grand total •Disclosure statement informing potential buyers that said volumes are only an estimate and that potential are buyers are encouraged to determine individual estimates •Paragraph describing how trees are marked 9 (saw logs, pulpwood, cull) 10 Volume Table Volume Table 11 12 2 Improving Value Recovery Through Optimal Bucking Stipulations • insurance (general liability Stipulations at $500,000) and workman’s compensation requirements; • Amount of performance bond (i.e., $5,000; 10 - 20% of bid amount) held until successful completion of job • Payment schedule (i.e., 100% up front, 15% up front then remainder before starting the job, payment by working block) • restrictions that may influence amount of bid – timeline, stipulations -
Creation of Value Through a Harvester On-Board Bucking Optimization System Operated in a Spruce Stand
Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 3 article id 9947 Category: research article https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.9947 SILVA FENNICA http://www.silvafennica.fi Licenced CC BY-SA 4.0 ISSN-L 0037-5330 | ISSN 2242-4075 (Online) The Finnish Society of Forest Science Eric R. Labelle and Linus Huß Creation of value through a harvester on-board bucking optimization system operated in a spruce stand Labelle E.R., Huß L. (2018). Creation of value through a harvester on-board bucking optimiza- tion system operated in a spruce stand. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 3 article id 9947. 22 p. https:// doi.org/10.14214/sf.9947 Highlights • Use of harvester on-board computer bucking optimization remains highly under-utilized in German forestry. • Revenue per tree and harvesting productivity were both statistically higher with automatic bucking as compared to quality bucking during a thinning operation in a spruce dominated stand. Abstract Tree bucking, defined as the process in which a stem is segmented into shorter logs of varying lengths, has a significant effect on the value adding potential of a forest enterprise. Because of its importance in terms of correct product and length combinations, improper bucking can lead to financial losses. In this study, two treatments (OFF: quality bucking performed by the opera- tor while using hot keys and ON: automatic bucking using the optimized suggestions from the harvester on-board computer; OBC) were tested in a Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) dominated stand located in Germany. Both treatments had the aim to maximize the value of a stem. -
TOP TOPICS Parsons Reports Bond Issue Plus for New Bridge Plans the Channel Swanming Sea- Son Is On
70 — NO 27 0UTH AMBOY, FRIDAY, AUGUST 22, 1952 Price Ptvt Go** L: . .. _ TOP TOPICS Parsons Reports Bond Issue Plus For New Bridge Plans The Channel swanming sea- son is on. officially opened by Objections Made To s Proposed Bridge Over Raritan To Be Discussed an American. 24 yew old Bob Payaour. who is normally and Tracking Explosives lousing Rq Ready For Scanning Further Next Wdk more profitably employed aa a llreman In Qastnnla,' N. C. As Strong Protest Goes To Estimate $13,611 Needed] Propose To Build It Sidewalk Probies* U Payaour waded ' in ml Cap Oriz L C. C. At Washington After Recent Sonrsjy We* Of ftfison Bridge Chief BOM Of Itee lor the 20 mue swim, a TBiWTON.^Attorney General ' aii and atx Bgyp When residents of the Victory AIMWIIII lit bee been made Theodore D. Parsons reported ttan soldier* were flexing their Plasa Veterans' Bousing Project by the Corp* of Xngmesrs of the today that formal opposition to held the efty win muscles for a try. while others recently protested to the City U. a Army that plane have any Increase in the trucking ot with win start shortly from the Bng- Council agtintt Jthe iMmdittffp gf been prepared for a new bridge dangerous explosives Including aocoRtanot e of nsh side. the buUdings there, they started munitions over Mew Jersey's the Raritan* River, auci up the. New By now. Payaour is a hero "vulnerable" highways his been a chain of events< which *wve|-*-jha»t th•"e• decisiowtuwnn a•»s two whethewneuieri cirioch Railroad, or victim of a shatteredrdreattt. -
Andivius Hedulio Vol.II by Edward Lucas White
Andivius Hedulio Vol.II By Edward Lucas White ANDIVIUS HEDULIO VOL. II BY EDWARD LUCAS WHITE DISAPPEARANCE CHAPTER X ESCAPE At Tibur I put up at a clean little inn I had known of since boyhood, but which I had never before entered or even seen, so that I felt safe there and reasonably sure to pass as a traveller of no rank whatever. My knowledge of country ways, too, enabled me to behave like a landed proprietor of small means. After a hearty lunch I pushed boldly on up the Valerian Highway and covered the twenty-two miles between Tibur and Carseoli without visibly tiring my mount. He was no more winded nor lathered than any traveller's horse should be at the end of a day on the road. At Carseoli I again knew of a clean, quiet inn, and there I dined and slept. Thence I intended to follow the rough country roads along the Tolenus. Stream-side roads are always bad, so I allowed two days more in which to reach home, and I could hardly have done it quicker. The night after I left Carseoli I camped by a tributary of the Tolenus in a very pretty little grove. From Carseoli on the weather was fine. About the third hour of the day, on the fifth day before the Kalends of September, of a fair, bright morning, I came to my own estate. On the road nearing it I had met no one. I met no one along the woodland tracks leading into my property from that side: on my estate I met no one save just as I was about to enter my villa. -
DEVELOPMENT of a 3D LOG SAWING OPTIMIZATION SYSTEM for SMALL SAWMILLS in CENTRAL APPALACHIA, US Wenshu Lin{ Jingxin Wang*{ Edwar
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Wood and Fiber Science (E-Journal) DEVELOPMENT OF A 3D LOG SAWING OPTIMIZATION SYSTEM FOR SMALL SAWMILLS IN CENTRAL APPALACHIA, US Wenshu Lin{ Graduate Research Assistant E-mail: [email protected] Jingxin Wang*{ Professor West Virginia University Division of Forestry and Natural Resources Morgantown, WV 26506 E-mail: [email protected] Edward Thomas Research Scientist USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station Princeton, WV 24740 E-mail: [email protected] (Received April 2011) Abstract. A 3D log sawing optimization system was developed to perform log generation, opening face determination, sawing simulation, and lumber grading using 3D modeling techniques. Heuristic and dynamic programming algorithms were used to determine opening face and grade sawing optimization. Positions and shapes of internal log defects were predicted using a model developed by the USDA Forest Service. Lumber grading procedures were based on National Hardwood Lumber Association rules. The system was validated through comparisons with sawmill lumber values. External characteristics of logs, including length, large- end and small-end diameters, diameters at each foot, and defects were collected from five local sawmills in central Appalachia. Results indicated that hardwood sawmills have the potential to increase lumber value through optimal opening face and sawing optimizations. With these optimizations, average lumber value recovery could be increased by 10.01% using the heuristic algorithm or 14.21% using the dynamic program- ming algorithm. Lumber grade was improved significantly by using the optimal algorithms. For example, recovery of select or higher grade lumber increased 16-30%. This optimization system would help small sawmill operators improve their processing performance and improve industry competitiveness. -
Intensive Hardwood Log Bucker Training Using HW Buck Dramatically Improves Value Recovery
Intensive Hardwood Log Bucker Training using HW Buck Dramatically Improves Value Recovery James B. Pickens, School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, [email protected] Aaron Everett, Black Hills Forest Resource Association, Rapid City, SD Scott Noble, Noble Forestry Consulting, Chassell, MI John Baumgras (retired), Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, Princeton, WV Philip Araman, Southern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, Blacksburg, VA Conrad Waniger, forest harvesting contractor, Shawano, WI Al Steele, Wood Education and Resource Center (WERC) of the USDA Forest Service, Princeton, WV ABSTRACT It has long been recognized that inappropriate placement of crosscuts when manufacturing hardwood logs from harvested stems (log bucking) reduces the value of logs produced. Recent studies have estimated losses in the range from 28% to 38% in the lake states region. It has not, however, been clear how to correct the problem. Efforts to improve value recovery have followed two general approaches: using technological methods to actually optimize the bucking of each log or having recognized experts train log buckers to make better bucking decisions. This article describes the state-of-the-art for optimizing the bucking of hardwood logs, and documents a log bucker training approach that resulted in improved value recovery of over 30%. Field buckers underwent an intensive training process to help them make better bucking decisions. This training integrated use of HW Buck, a computerized tool to optimize the choice of bucking cuts for hardwood logs, with other more traditional training approaches. Sample hardwood stems were felled and entered into the HW Buck software to determine the individual bucking options that maximized the value of the resulting logs. -
Maine Forester: 1942 University of Maine
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Forester Yearbooks 1942 Maine Forester: 1942 University of Maine. School of Forestry Resources. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/foresteryearbooks Part of the Forest Sciences Commons Recommended Citation University of Maine. School of Forestry Resources., "Maine Forester: 1942" (1942). Forester Yearbooks. 11. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/foresteryearbooks/11 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Forester Yearbooks by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 942 THE MAINE FORESTER Annual Edition May, 1942 Published by FORESTRY CLUB University of Maine ORONO, MAINE WINSLOW HALL — FORESTRY DEPARTMENT [2] TABLE OF CONTENTS The Staff 4 Editor's Page 5 ON THE CAMPUS Faculty 8 Forestry Club ......... 9 Xi Sigma Pi 10 Seniors ........... 11 Juniors ........... 14 Sophomores .......... 16 Freshmen .......... 18 With the Colors 19 Summer Camp ......... 20 Winter Camp 22 Maine Day 26 Departmental Affairs ........ 27 IN THE FIELD Extension Farm Forestry in Maine 30 By A. D. Nutting Forest Cooperatives in the Northeast 32 By Joseph B. Pike, Jr. The European Spruce Sawfly 33 By Charles O. Dirks WITH THE ALUMNI 35 [3J THE STAFF Editor-in-Chief . II. G. LEONARD, JR. Issociatc Editor RICHARD M. PIERCE Business Manager . THEODORE FETTINGER Advertising Manager . RICHARD HALE Advertising Assistants CHARLES BROWN, PHILIP ARCHIBALD Contributing Editors MALCOLM HARDY, CLINTON BARDO, WILLARD JOHNS, THOMAS STOTLER, HARLAN SPEAR Faculty Adviser Assoc. PROF. ROBERT I. ASHMAN ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Staff wishes to express its sincere appreciation to — The ADVERTISERS, without whom this publication would not be possible. -
Report on the Status of Logger Training and Education (LT&E
Report on the Status of Logger Training and Education (LT&E) Programs in 35 Forested U.S. States & 3 Canadian Provinces 2019 Actuals – 2020 Estimates Compiled by September 8, 2020 2 September 8, 2020 FOREWORD This Report on the Status of Logger Training and Education (LT&E) Programs in 35 Forested U.S. States & 3 Canadian Provinces was compiled from updates submitted by LT&E Program Coordinators. Each state logger training program report is included in alphabetical order beginning on page 6. A Training Summary Table on page 4 reports the number of persons attending continuing education courses in 2019 and expected to attend continuing education courses in 2020. A total of 6,236 loggers and others completed LT&E programs and 20,666 attended at least one training session in 2019. On page 5, you will find a table that summarizes the number of logging contractors, logging employees, and others that participated in LT&E programs in 2019. Although some programs do not track the job classification of trainees, the programs that do track it report that 2,482 logging contractors, 1,736 logging employees, and 268 non-loggers completed their LT&E Program requirements in 2019. Others participating in LT&E Programs include: foresters, landowners, consultants, students, government officials and natural resource managers. Most LT&E Programs now require continuing education to fulfill licensing or to maintain certification status. For more information about each training program, please contact the person(s) listed at the top of each LT&E report. Jacob -
The Maine Forester
1 942 THE MAINE FORESTER Annual Edition May, 1942 Published by FORESTRY CLUB University of Maine ORONO, MAINE WINSLOW HALL — FORESTRY DEPARTMENT [2] TABLE OF CONTENTS The Staff 4 Editor's Page 5 ON THE CAMPUS Faculty 8 Forestry Club ......... 9 Xi Sigma Pi 10 Seniors ........... 11 Juniors ........... 14 Sophomores .......... 16 Freshmen .......... 18 With the Colors 19 Summer Camp ......... 20 Winter Camp 22 Maine Day 26 Departmental Affairs ........ 27 IN THE FIELD Extension Farm Forestry in Maine 30 By A. D. Nutting Forest Cooperatives in the Northeast 32 By Joseph B. Pike, Jr. The European Spruce Sawfly 33 By Charles O. Dirks WITH THE ALUMNI 35 [3J THE STAFF Editor-in-Chief . II. G. LEONARD, JR. Issociatc Editor RICHARD M. PIERCE Business Manager . THEODORE FETTINGER Advertising Manager . RICHARD HALE Advertising Assistants CHARLES BROWN, PHILIP ARCHIBALD Contributing Editors MALCOLM HARDY, CLINTON BARDO, WILLARD JOHNS, THOMAS STOTLER, HARLAN SPEAR Faculty Adviser Assoc. PROF. ROBERT I. ASHMAN ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Staff wishes to express its sincere appreciation to — The ADVERTISERS, without whom this publication would not be possible. The FACULTY, for their advice and guidance. The CONTRIBUTORS, whose cooperation has been splendid. The UNIVERSITY OF MAINE, the PRISM, and the BANGOR and AROOSTOOK RAILROAD for their interest and loan of cuts. [4] EDITOR'S PAGE WITH war efforts making new demands on the Nation's supply of timber, the United States Forest Service has stressed the emphasis of the need for conservation. The lumber industry is one of the chief beneficiaries of the national defense program. With the forced program for victory it means that we must build 340 airplanes, two ships, and about 200 tanks a day, which are equal in work, materials, and weight to 2,000 standard American automobiles. -
AP-42, CH 10.5: Plywood Manufacturing
10.5 Plywood Manufacturing 10.5.1 General Plywood is a building material consisting of veneers (thin wood layers or plies) bonded with an adhesive. There are two types of plywood: softwood plywood and hardwood plywood. Softwoods generally correspond to coniferous species. The most commonly used softwoods for manufacturing plywood are firs and pines. Hardwoods generally correspond to deciduous species. For hardwood plywood, commonly used wood species include oak, poplar, maple, cherry, and larch. Softwood plywood is manufactured by gluing several layers of dry softwood veneers together with an adhesive. Softwood plywood is used for wall siding, sheathing, roof decking, concrete formboards, floors, and containers. Softwood plywood is classified under Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 2436, and North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) code 321212 for “Softwood Plywood and Veneer”. Hardwood plywood is made of hardwood veneers bonded with an adhesive. The outer layers (face and back) surround a core which is usually lumber, veneer, particleboard, or medium density fiberboard. Hardwood plywood may be pressed into panels or plywood components (e.g., curved hardwood plywood, seat backs, chair arms, etc.). Hardwood plywood is used for interior applications such as furniture, cabinets, architectural millwork, paneling, flooring, store fixtures, and doors. Hardwood plywood is classified under SIC code 2435 and NAICS code 321211, for “Hardwood Plywood and Veneer”. Softwood plywood plants typically produce softwood veneers and softwood plywood on the same plant site. However, most hardwood plywood and veneer plants either produce hardwood plywood or hardwood veneer. Hardwood veneer plants cut and dry hardwood veneers. Hardwood plywood plants typically purchase hardwood veneers and press the veneers onto a purchased core material.