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Summer 2020 Volume 4

A Classic Cartoon The School Year Is Almost Over: By: Harrison Jaco When teachers responded, their STAFF WRITER main vote was no, it does not What to Do Over Summer! Looney Tunes was created by War- with about 87 percent of them ner Brothers. In 1930, the Golden concuring with that. Roughly 13 By: Mika Sharony Age of American animation, along percent answered that yes, it STAFF WRITER with its sister series Merrie Melo- does impact children. Some of dies. the responses include: Merrie Melodies was an animated 1. You can join a sport; if you do, don’t forget to come pre- - “I was raised watching those pared. series for short films created by Leon things and do not believe that I Schlesinger before selling the show made poor choices because of 2.You can take classes for art, music, or dance, give it your to Warner Bros. what I was watching.” The first character to be in Looney best effort! - “Shows like this can normal- 3. You can spend some time at the beach; if you remember to Tunes was Bosko. He was created by ize violence for children, but it Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising. The doesn’t mean we have to give bring a towel, sunscreen, and snacks first character to be popularized in up watching completely. Some of Looney Tunes was Porky Pig. Today, 4. You can take a vacation; don’t forget to pack everything you the negative effects can be offset need. Bugs Bunny is the most popular by having conversations with Looney Tunes character. When it children that this is just pretend 5. You can get a job for some extra money (14+); remember comes to popularity, Bugs Bunny is and not how we act as people almost as popular as Mickey Mouse. to save and spend your money wisely. when we are mad or upset. 6. If you want to make money under 14, there are lots of ways I found this out by seeing if Mickey Teaching children what to do Mouse or Bugs Bunny sold more instead of resorting to violence to do that! Research it and you may find a way to pocket clothing and merchandise. gives them the tools to be suc- Looney Tunes has over 1000 epi- some extra cash. cessful.” 7. You can spend some time with friends; don’t forget to have sodes, and Bugs Bunny has starred - “I don’t think this a “yes” or “no” in over 170 films and he even won kind of question. Some children fun! an Oscar. The Oscar was for the best can watch Looney Tunes and animated short film and was directed 8. You can travel; enjoy yourself and don’t forget to have fun! not be affected, while others 9.You can try a new food; remember to be open minded! by Friz Freleng. Looney Tunes has might be greatly affected. There 356 cartoons in total. Some of the are so many things that fac- 10.You can join a summer camp; don’t be afraid to make new most popularized characters are tor into whether a child will be Daffy Duck, Elmer Fudd, Marvin friends! impacted or not. I wish that there *DISCLAIMER* This summer, some of these activities may the Martian, and Porky Pig. A fun was a “maybe” choice.” fact about the name Looney Tunes is be limited because of COVID-19. that they mistake it for being spelled Looney Toons. This is called a Man- 13%: dela effect. The Mandela effect refers Yes to when many people share a false memory, originally attributed to the existence of multiple universes. According to psychologists, Looney Tunes are aggressive and are 87%: bad for kids. They also say it’s a bad No show because the kids were copying what the characters were doing. I

Succulent Care Behind the All Star Apparel I do not have a green thumb, so when it comes to taking care of plants they don’t have a great By: Maya Monroy are today. chance of living. I really like succulents because STAFF WRITER In the 1960s, the first low top shoes were released. Back they are very easy to care for and every kind Converse shoes have a long history and have changed then, these shoes would be about $12.50. 90 percent of succulent seems to look different. To my significantly over the years. of these shoes were worn by college basketball players. surprise, when I walked into Ms. Faulk’s class The Converse Rubber Shoe Company was founded by These were supposed to be for younger adults. there were about six succulents sitting on the Marquis Mills Converse in 1908 in Malden, Massachu- In the 1970s, the first different colored canvas shoe windowsill. She brought in a starfish plant, jade, setts. The company made rain boots also known as ga- came out. Before that Converse were either white, brown, echeveria, paddle plant, kalanchoe, and peanut loshes. The company created the first Converse All Stars or black. The first color options were gold, green, orange, cactus. in 1917. The Converse All Stars were originally supposed red, dark blue, and light blue. Even suede shoes came out Why are they called succulents? Ac- to be athletic sneakers and they became the most used in 1971. cording to www.quora.com, succulent shoe for basketball. In the 1980s, Converse had completely stopped being plants are called that because their leaves hold The American basketball player Charles Hollis “Chuck” used for basketball. They didn’t change much from the a lot of water. Most other plants have much Taylor was born in 1901. When Converse started selling 70s but some more styles were created. Camo and glow thinner leaves. The word is taken from the shoes, Chuck Taylor was hired as a salesman. He used in the dark shoes were released as well. At this time Con- Latin succulentus, which means having juice the All Stars for his basketball games and promoted the verse was very popular and many people wore them. The or having sap, which in turn is from the Latin shoes. He also helped change the design of the shoes, prices increased around this time to about $19.99. succus, which means juice or sap. so his name was added. While he was selling the shoes By the time the 1990s rolled around, 550 million pairs Succulents are very easy to take care of because around the world, he also taught people how to play of Converses were made. At this time, every shoe had they do not need to be watered a lot. Your suc- basketball. the All Star Patch on them. Many young adults and teens culent should never be soggy. You should only In the 1920s, Converse were called “Non-Skids”. They wore these and 25 percent of the design at that time were water your succulents about once a week and had a toe bumper in the front and they were made out worn by NBA players. make sure they are dried out before you do. of canvas and sometimes rubber. The outer soles were a In the 2000s, the Converse brand was bought by Nike Succulents come in many shapes and sizes. An thick rubber, too. They were the first tennis shoes from in 2003. The cost was $305 million. The new heeled example is the Aloe Brevifolia, which according the Converse brand. They were brown and black. The Converse were invented. Converse manufacturing was to flowerglossary.com, “This short-leaved aloe shoes also had the ankle patch. not continued in the USA after 2001 and moved to places The shoes that came out next were made for the 1936 like China, India, Vietnam, and Indonesia. After that, 60 See story on Page 7 Olympics. When these shoes were made, Chuck Taylor’s percent of the people in the US owned a pair or do own name was added to the ankle patch. These shoes were a pair. A pair of these shoes are being bought every 43 white and high-tops like the past Converse. The signature seconds. The style is still the same as it was in the very red and blue stripes were added to the soles like they still early 2000s compared to now. A Student’s Perspective on Covid-19 CartoonCEDRIC ROBIN Favoritesas a fry cook at the Krusty LAYLA BOND STAFF WRITER Krab. During his time off, STAFF WRITER When the SpongeBob has a knack for The coronavirus pandemic of 2019- Ben 10, later known as attracting trouble with his 2020 has caused many people glob- pandemic is over Ben 10 Classic or Classic starfish best friend, Patrick. ally and here in the state of Florida things will not go Ben 10, is an American to suffer and even die. It has affected animated series created by Arrogant octopus, Squid- my life in many ways. It has taken back to normal. the group Man of Action ward Tentacles, Sponge- away my social life, and ability to and produced by Cartoon Bob’s neighbor, dislikes leave the house. It has also taken my Before this pandemic started, I was Network Studios. SpongeBob because of his ability to get one on one help to be getting one on one help with my childlike behavior. Steven successful in my education. schoolwork. I was getting pushed The pilot episode “And Hillenburg was the creator to get my work done, but now it’s Then There Were 10, of SpongeBob SquarePants According to my research there have hard to push myself to get it done. “aired on December 27, Photo credit- Nickelodeon but unfortunately died on been 1.51 million confirmed cases, It was hard making the switch from 2005, as part of a sneak Novmber 26, 2018. going to class to learning how to peek of Cartoon Network’s and Albedo. But that is just a few of and 89,754 deaths in the USA. In them. There are a total of 135 vil- use the computer to do all my work. Saturday morning. SpongeBob SquarePants was born Florida, there have been 44,138 lains. Ben 10 has a total of 1,000,912 It took me awhile to even get used on July 14th, 1986 according to his cases, and 1,914 deaths. I find it aliens, 70 named and unlocked and to the programs that we use on the A kid on vacation named Benjamin driver’s license. Despite his name, shocking how many lives have been Ben is seen transforming into 62 of computer. Kirby Tennyson found a device Squidward is an octopus. He only affected by this virus. them. Ben 10 has 15 characters and while camping that could turn him has six tentacles though, not the has been made into 5 shows and 4 When the pandemic is over things into 10 different alien heroes, each usual eight that an octopus would Since the pandemic started, I can’t movies. You can also stream Ben 10 will not go back to normal. People with its own unique abilities. have. Patrick Star, the pink starfish, go out with friends, go to the mall, or on YouTube TV, Amazon Prime, will be more cautious than they weighs only two ounces according even take a walk near people. I am Vudu, YouTube, google play, and were before. People will continue to With this newfound power, Ben, to his driver’s license. There are 13 no longer able to do cheer with my iTunes. teammates. I used to practice 3 times use hand sanitizer, and face masks. Grandpa Max and cousin Gwen help characters in the show and have Another thing that might change, others and stop evildoers, but that 262 episode and 3 movies. You can a week; now it has turned into none! A square yellow sponge named is class sizes. This change could doesn’t mean he doesn’t cause some also stream SpongBob SquarePants The main reason I can’t go out is SpongeBob SquarePants lives in a help me, because smaller class sizes super powered kid mischief once in on fuboTV, Philo, Youtube, Google because we have a newborn at home pineapple with his pet snail, Gary, with health conditions and don’t will give me more one on one help. a while. This cartoon has variety of Play, Amazon Prime, and iTunes. When I look at this issue, I’m lucky villains like Vilgax, Kevin Levin, in the city of Bikini Bottom on the want to catch anything and bring it floor of the Pacific Ocean. He works home. My parents are very cautious that my problems are small com- Michael Morningstar, Charmcaster, on where we go because there is pared to the people that have lost chance of bring something home, their lives to this virus. which would make the baby sick. How to stay safe and The Black Death DIELO PROBST virus would spread to the lungs and STAFFWRITER blood. healthy during a rough time. The germ that caused the plague was EVA YOUNGS The Black Death was a deadly a Bacillus called, Yersinia pestis. It STAFF WRITER plague in the mid-1300’s. The Black was discovered by a French biologist Death was the deadliest plague ever at the end of the 19th century. The Lately things have been very rough recorded by man. The death toll was germ travels through air, but it can for everyone. As we all know there in the millions. The estimated num- also travel through fleas on rats. The is a sickness going around called ber of deaths was 25 million. The rats could be found everywhere in the Corona virus. This sickness is Plague arrived at Europe in October Europe. The main place they were dangerous for many people, but it 1347 when 12 ships from the Black really found were in ships. A lot of is especially dangerous for older Sea pulled in to port at a Sicilian people back then did not know how people and people who have certain Harbor named Messina. When the the virus was transmitted from one conditions. We need to understand ships arrived, the people gathered have existed in Europe as early as person to another or how to cure how to stay healthy during this time around to see the men, but the sight 3000 B.C.” it. That is why there was a massive because according to the news and they saw was shocking. Most of the An Italian poet, Giovanni Boccac- death toll. some articles younger people are the mouths and things that should not men aboard the ship were dead. If cio wrote, “at the beginning of the The plague never really ended. The ones who usually carry this sickness go in their mouths that has germs all the men were not dead, they were malady, certain swellings, either on officials of Venice were able to slow but our immune systems are stronger over it which could make you sick. in fatal condition. The authorities of the groin or under the armpits… the rate of the virus by keeping the and healthier that we won’t get it as There are so many more ways to stay Sicily ordered that the ships immedi- waxed to the bigness of a common people aboard the ships that entered much as an elderly would. We need safe and healthy at school. ately leave, but it was to late. apple, others to the size of an egg, the port on their ship. The sailors to keep safe because if your carrying There is also so many ways to stay “Before the Shipps have pulled up some more and some less, and these aboard the ships were typically held it than you could give it to someone healthy outside of school. During into the harbor, people have already the vulgar named plague-boils.” The on their ship for about 30 days but who is older than you in your family this time, we should stay inside. I heard news about deadly disease.“ Black death would attack the lym- was later increased to 40 days. and their immune system may not be understand that many people want In the early 1340s, the disease had phatic system (the Lymphatic system Fun fact: “Many scholars think that as strong. There are so many ways to to hangout with their friends still struck China, India, Persia, Syria and is a network of tissues and organs the nursery rhyme “Ring around the stay safe in and out of school. and have fun and even myself wants Egypt. People thought the plague that help rid the body of toxins, Rosy” was written about the symp- One way to stay healthy is by to. It would be better if we stayed originated in Asia, “though recent waste, and other unwanted materi- washing our hands. I know many at home and we did not go out to a toms of the Black Death.” research has indicated the pathogen als.) It caused swelling in the Lymph people always say that, but we really bunch of places because that helps responsible for the Black Death may nodes. If it were left untreated, the need to do it during this time. To spread sicknesses. As always wash make it fun while washing your your hands as well and when you hands you can sing happy birthday do go out many people are telling us because you can have fun and you to wear masks. I read an article that will know that you scrubbed your said if you wear a mask when you go hands good enough instead of just out of the house it wont prevent you This Spud’s For You a couple seconds of washing your from getting sick but it will help oth- HOLLIS NEWBY hands. Another way to stay healthy ers because your mouth is blocked STAFF WRITER is by not putting your hands in by the mask. So, if you cough you your mouth or on your eyes. By not will not be hurting others by it. French fries, chips, and many more touching your face while you are at There are so many ways to stay safe dishes are made from potatoes. school will help you because you are and healthy in and out of school but Potatoes first originated from Peru not rubbing the germs all over your those are the main ones. Everyone in 8,000 B.C. but were later brought face. While at school I always see should stay safe during this time, but to Europe. Eventually farmers found people putting their pencils in their you should still have a little fun. that potatoes where easier to farm than other crops such as wheat and oats. So potatoes where officially -ev erywhere in farms, cities, and even School Drills: Time Wasted? different countries such as Spain, Italy, Austria, Belgium, Holland, EVA YOUNGS their friends and joking around. They the world. that could grow in the poor soil was France, Switzerland, England, Ger- STAFF WRITER don’t realize how some of these In October, 1995, the potato became very important for them to have. drills are serious and it’s important to many, Portugal and Ireland. the first vegetable to be eaten in Potatoes can also be very good for We have so many different types of practice them. Though potatoes began in Peru, the drills! For example, we have active space. That’s not the only place that your health because they provide shooter drills, fire drills, tornado Although it’s important to have drills country that produces the most po- potatoes are served. They are also potassium, vitamin C and are low drills, lockdown drills. Ever since to keep us safe, we do them so often tatoes today is China. They account served in schools and local jails be- in cholesterol which is good for the tragic deaths that happened at the we just get used to them and are for 26.3% of the world’s production Parkland shooting, we have to have bored of them. Even some teachers cause they are good for you and are your heart health. Potatoes can be active shooter drills now. get bored of drills because they have which is around 9.3891 kilograms. easy to cook in many ways. Potatoes prepared in many ways like chips, to keep yelling at the students trying That weighs almost as much as the also are very easy to grow. They potatoes skins, and even soup. Since Some students may not take the to get them to be quiet and stay in Eiffel Tower. It’s weird to think that drills seriously because we have so a line. Unfortunately we need these can grow in very poor soil which is there are many ways that it can be many of them and we do them so kind of drills in our society, and our China produces the most potatoes one of the reasons that they became prepared it is a very popular option often. During the drills, students are schools for the protection of students seeing how that potatoes came from so popular in Ireland. They did not for public places serving many always talking and laughing with and teachers. Peru which is on the other side of have the best soil so having a crop meals a day.

Page 2 Crusader Chronicle Student publications: trial and error back to the drawing board. Teaching journalism for most of my Next were stories. What did the students career has been one of the most reward- want to write about? The look of puzzle- ing and frustrating subjects I can bring to ment on their faces was something to be students. worried about. “Us? You tell us what to This year I began again with the cre- write.” Nope, sorry. This is your paper and ation of the Crusader Chronicles. It took you need to write about the things you are almost a month to get the software up and interested in. How could 20 students have running to create the pages. During the no interest in anything? That is how we month, I had to take 20 students and try began. to find what they might be interested in, From the beginning to the end, the stu- good at, or hated areas. 12 of them hated dents have produced. It has taken lot of to write. Then try to get them to work in editing. Photos taken over and over and a cohesive unit to develop and produce then discarded all together. Classes in a printed newspaper for the students. We writing headlines and noun/verb agree- watched several videos on newspapers ment. Brainstorming sessions where no and the history of why the press is im- one would talk. Discussions on appro- portant, why plagiarism is never allowed, priate subjects and why. Trying to corral how curiosity plays a role in developing students to communicate with each other stories, and the list is long. Many came and staff. Did you know students are with the idea that fake news was the norm. scared to talk to adults because they fear They didn’t understand the use of text being wrong and then being chastised for language versus professional language. being wrong? Emails were non-existent. have seen. to the challenge and did it. There were stu- Spelling? Why is that important? “We have email accounts? What are they Some students have disappeared, so sto- dents who wrote and built pages over and Everyone began wanting to take photos. used for?” ries are missing. Much of the information over to get it done. I could not be prouder That ended quickly when the photos they We produced 3 editions and the content was stored on computers at school and of these kids. I cannot wait to see where take with their phones, tongues sticking improved with each. The designers began now students cannot access it. Pages that their lives take them. out and bunny ears were cast aside for to have an eye for developing nice looking were almost complete had to be rebuilt This edition is dedicated to the hard work boring, their words not mine, photos. Stu- pages with great stories about subjects from scratch. New art had to be found. of the few who contributed so much. They dents working, teachers teaching and gen- they were interested in. This final edition Students had to work independently while won’t see this until print. Give them a eral life at the school were picked instead. was going to shine. We had time and lots trying to understand a vision that was hard hand. They deserve it. Elizabeth Aus- Cut off heads and photos with glare so bad of ideas and then, boom, a pandemic with to convey over the phone. tin, Addison Neri, Hollis Newby, Dielo you couldn’t tell who the subject was. Ok, education consequences none of us could They did it. There were students who rose Probst, Mika Sharony and Eva Youngs. Avoid back injuries by choosing the right backpack Finding the right backpack more than just the size of their children are treated for back- back and shoulder injuries. ing goods store. Employees at is an essential component childrenÕs backpacks. pack-related injuries every They also may affect chil- camping and sporting goods of back-to-school shopping. Depending on school sched- year. The American Academy drenÕs posture. retailers understand how to Children may have their own ules, students may be carrying of Orthopedic Surgeons says Choose a streamlined model. fit backpacks for hikers and ideas of whatÕs in style, backpacks for up to 10 hours that the weight of a backpack Select a backpack that will get outdoor adventurers. but parents should look for per day, five days per week. should not exceed 10 to 15 the job done without much They can help measure a backpacks that are function- Backpacks may be filled with percent of a childÕs body added bulk. Many backpacks student and find a pack that al before factoring in style. several pounds of stuff, such weight. have been designed to hold will fit his or her body frame. Marrying form and function as textbooks, binders, laptops, But many students pack their technological devices as more Also, these retailers may have together can be challenging, and other supplies, potentially bags with much more weight and more schools integrate a wider selection of back- but itÕs necessary to prevent leading to injury. than that. technology into the class- packs than some other stores, students from developing According to the U.S. Improperly sized, worn and room. A less bulky bag might increasing the chances of back problems. But parents Consumer Product Safety overstuffed backpacks can be lighter and easy to carry. finding the right fit. must give consideration to Commission, at least 14,000 injure joints and lead to neck, Consider shopping at a sport- Phys Ed classes are a benefit to everyone School gives students a chance to learn and grow. During the course of their Physical education academic careers, students explore is one subject that many different subjects, hopefully finding at least one that inspires them is often to one day pursue rewarding careers. Physical education is one subject that overlooked. is often overlooked. Gym class may seem like just a fun elective, but the an hour of physical activity each day. importance of physical education Physical education classes can help cannot be understated, especially as so students meet or exceed those physical many youngsters struggle to maintain activity recommendations. healthy weights. Physical education 2. Creates a love for sports: Gym class can help children live healthier, more exposes students to various athletic fulfilling lives, benefitting them in activities, encouraging them to dabble ways that go beyond their waistlines. in different sports. That opportunity 1. Improved health and stamina: The may expose young children to a sport U.S. Centers for Disease Control and they will embrace and play for the rest Prevention reports that only 29 percent of their lives. of high school students are getting the 3. Improved academic performance: A recommended 60 minutes a day of large-scale study of 12,000 Nebraska physical activity. The U.S. Department schoolchildren published in The Jour- of Health and Human Services rec- nal of Pediatrics found that physical ommends that young people between fitness could be linked to improved the ages six and 17 should get at least academic performance. Crusader Chronicles Page 3 COVID-19 Companions Character Expression Safety suggestions for wilderness enthusiasts Contest Winners The wilderness is awe-inspiring. The great outdoors is a wonder to behold, and each year millions of people experience the great outdoors firsthand, creating memories that will last a lifetime. The popularity of outdoor activities is perhaps the greatest testament to the beauty of nature. According to the Outdoor Industry Association®, roughly half of the United States population ages six and over participated in at least one outdoor activity in 2017. Statistics Cana- da notes that the great outdoors is perhaps even more popular just north of the U.S., where nearly seven in 10 Getting outside on a wonderful sunny day. Canadians participated in outdoor or Courtesy photo wilderness activities in 2016. four people when visiting remote trip, design it with the weakest As breathtaking as the wilderness areas. In such instances, one person member of your group in mind. Congratulations to Jacob Colon (left), Ja’zaria Williams (middle), & Davon can be, it also can be dangerous. Davis (right). They are the winners of the Character Ed. Expression Contest. can stay behind with an injured People with medical conditions Safety is of paramount importance friend while the others leave to seek should discuss their plans with their Each of these students wrote excellent essays on the word of the month when spending time in the “Citizenship”. help. In addition, never travel to a physicians prior to entering the wilderness. Whether you’re a remote area without being accompa- wilderness. seasoned outdoorsman or a novice nied by someone who’s familiar with stick to developed trails. Footing experiencing the wilderness for the that area. near cliffs can be difficult, and near- first time, accidents can happen. Share your itinerary. Leave a by trees and shrubs might not Preparation can help people avoid detailed copy of your itinerary with be reliable sources of support. So Behind The Scenes potentially life-threatening situations someone who won’t be joining you. stick to developed trails or dry, solid in the wilderness. In fact, the U.S. Include details like the make, year rock areas that provide adequate Holiday movies have a way of mak- Forest Service notes that the most ing audiences laugh and cry while and license plate number of your footing. effective way to prevent mishaps vehicle as well as the equipment Study the forecast. Study the forecast inspiring those warm and fuzzy in the wilderness is to adequately feelings that perfectly complement you’re bringing. List the weather and any predictions that might affect prepare for a trip into the wild. The you’re anticipating on your itinerary conditions on the day(s) of your the season of family and giving. De- following tips, courtesy of the USFS, pending on the individual, favorite and where you’re planning to go, trip. Weather can change quickly can help make trips into the including trail names, if possible. If in the wilderness, so make sure to movies may include old classics or wilderness safer. new releases. unexpected and dangerous weather pack the appropriate attire for any Never go it alone. The USFS rolls in, the person holding your potential weather suggested in the A lot of work goes into making advises against going it alone in movies, and holiday films are no itinerary can alert local forestry forecast. the wilderness. Without a travel professionals. Learn basic first aid. Basic first aid exception. Fans may be surprised companion, outdoor enthusiasts may by some of the events that went on Be in good physical condition. The can save lives. Learn how to identify find themselves without any help in wilderness is a challenging place, and treat injuries and illness. Contact behind the scenes of their favorite the case of emergencies like injuries holiday films, as well as background so only those with the skills and the a local parks department to learn the or accident. The USFS recommends physical ability to negotiate it should basics. information about the actors and traveling in groups no smaller than settings of the movies. attempt to do so. When planning a Get into the festive spirit by learning about the following beloved holiday films. “It’s a Wonderful Life” Anyone who has ever wondered Foamite. Pain, Fears, and Phobias what life would be like if they took The movie was not well received a different path or made different upon its release in 1946. The film Hollis Newby decisions can relate to this classic received mixed reviews, which STAFF WRITER Christmas film. It’s difficult to make might surprise those who consider it Pain. We all react to it differently and it through the holiday season without a cinematic classic. it comes in all different shapes and seeing “It’s a Wonderful Life,” and “A Christmas Story” sizes. Some people feel pain through many people make it a point of to An equally beloved holiday film and other people like when a family view it every year. The following a cult favorite, “A Christmas Story” member or a close friend is are some interesting tidbits about follows a 1940’s Indiana family going through something rough. If George Bailey and the film that put anchored by Ralphie, the cynical we savings-and-loan managers on the but lovable schoolboy played by have a close bond, people tend to map. actor Peter Billingsley. The movie also feel their pain even though it The movie began as a short story was based on autobiographical tales may have nothing to do with you titled “The Greatest Gift.” Writer penned by author and radio personal- at all. Other times something will Philip Van Dornen Stern was un- ity Jean Shepherd, who narrates the happen if someone or something successful at shopping the story and film that you are uncomfortable with turned it into a Christmas card for The movie was a low-budget film harms or scares you. You are more 200 friends and family. A producer that used virtually no special effects. likely to form a deeper pain or fear at RKO pictures got a copy and pur- It also used tracking shots instead of towards that thing and be hesitant chased the movie rights for $10,000. called the imaginary you react to stressful or scary Steadicam. next time you see it. Some examples Many now agree that Jimmy Stewart audience. It is that feeling we all get situations. The flight response is The setting for the movie is based on of this are Arachnophobia, Autopho- was the perfect choice to play lead in ourselves that feeling that every- shown through running away or Shepherd’s hometown of Hammond, bia, Thanatophobia, and many more character George Bailey, but studio one is watching us and making fun jumping and the fight is when your Indiana. Shepherd grew up on are all examples of fears and things heads originally had Carey Grant in of us. This is a very common thing to body goes into fight mode and Cleveland Street and went to Warren that people could unknowingly feel mind for the lead. The role went to experience during job interviews and your body is willing to fight in the G. Harding Elementary School. pain or sadness from. These words in Stewart when Frank Capra signed important or special events like the moment to However, the movie was filmed particular these phobias are on to the film and named Stewart his first day of school. This could cause protect yourself even if it is just a in Cleveland, Ohio, and Toronto, fear of spiders, being alone, and leading man. thoughts to travel into adulthood loud sound or a friend jumping out Ontario, Canada. The house from the death. We all have fears. Whether we Although Donna Reed was a sea- with you. Things like making sure and scaring you your body stays like movie still stands in Cleveland. Part admit it is another thing. soned actress prior to the movie, that you look your best at all times this until you see that you or a loved of the decision to film in Cleve- People can fear many things in their “It’s a Wonderful Life” marked her which can be good and bad such as one are okay and not in any danger. land stems from the willingness of life but according to studies done first starring role. the fact that you could always make No one wants to constantly be Higbee’s department store to allow by medicalnewstoday.com and The Bedford Falls, the fictional town in a good impression or that you are too scared that something will happen crews to film inside the store. National Institute of Mental Health, the movie, is reportedly based on cautious about how you look causing or that you will see that one thing Darren McGavin played Ralphie’s they have said that most fears upstate New York towns Bedford insecurities. that makes your skin crawl. Luckily father, a role he won over Jack Nich- and phobias are from childhood, but Hills and Seneca Falls. Nearby cities If you are afraid of something, then there are many ways to help get over olson. McGavin might have won the this doesn’t mean that you can’t get like Rochester and Buffalo are ref- when approached with it you are that fear such as but not limited to role because of Nicholson’s typically a fear or phobia during the latter part erenced in the movie. However, the more likely to think that you are in being with that fear or phobia for a large salary demands. of your life. movie was not filmed on location. It danger. But let’s find out how all of few seconds at a time to help you For the scene in which “Flick’s” Fears and phobias have impacted was filmed in the summertime on a this works; how you are afraid of get used to it this is called physical tongue sticks to the flagpole, a hid- twice as many women as men. A back lot in the San Fernando Valley spiders or death when we feel like therapy. Even though there are ways den suction tube was used to safely little fear is good here and there to section of Los Angeles. we are in danger. The brain sends at home to help with your fears, create the illusion that his tongue keep us on the edge and keep us The movie received a technical signals to the nervous system mak- phobias, and pain, sometimes the had frozen to the metal. from making bad decisions in the Academy Award for the snow ing your heart pump faster, a change best way is to see a therapist. They Three leg lamps were made for the future but if it goes too far, then it effects, which were created by using in breathing, or an increase in blood are trained professionals that can movie, and all three broke during becomes a mental disorder and could a “snow” mixture of water, soap pressure. This also triggers your help if you are going through filming. cause things such as anxiety and and a fire-fighting chemical called stress. There is a common fear that is “fight or flight” response; this is how something scary. page 6 Crusader Chronicle George Washington Carver “The Peanut Man” CEDRIC ROBIN potatoes. While these crops grew STAFF WRITER well in southern climates, Carver’s George Washington Carver was inventions and research solved born into slavery and went on to this problem and helped struggling become one of the most prominent sharecroppers in the South, many scientists and inventors of his time, of them former slaves now faced as well as a teacher at the Tuskegee with necessary Cultivation. Even Institute. Carver invented over 300 though Carver did not invent peanut products using one major crop — the butter. However, he did do a lot of peanut — including dyes, plastics research into new and alternate uses and gasoline. Carver was most for peanuts. He even became known COURTESY PHOTO likely born in 1864 into slavery in as “the Peanut Man” after delivering Carly Stella, left and Jennifer Reynolds. Carly Stella won first place at Diamond, Missouri, during the Civil a speech before the Peanut Growers the STEM fair. war years. The exact year and date Association in 1920 presenting of his birth are unknown because to the wide potential of peanuts. This he was a slave. Carver was of many made the politics of accommodation children born to Mary and Giles, an championed by both Carver and enslaved couple owned by Moses Booker T. Washington. Carver. A week after his birth. The Unfortunately Carver died after All Twisted Up end of the Civil War in 1865 brought falling down the stairs at his home EVA YOUNGS was created and how it was created. the end of slavery in Missouri. Mo- ment in 1896. Include Hundreds of on January 5, 1943, at the age of STAFF WRITER Can you guess what the meaning is ses Carver and his wife, Susan, products from peanuts, including 78. He was buried next to Booker T. In class one day we were discussing behind each of these examples. decided to keep Carver and his (milk, plastics, paints, cosmetics, Washington on the a headline for a story about peppers Here are two examples of tongue brother James at their home, raising medicinal oils, soap, ink, wood Tuskegee grounds. Carver’s epitaph and part of the headline was pickled twisters I really like: Betty Botter and educating the two boys. Susan stains), 118 from sweet potatoes reads: “He could have added fortune peppers. During class we tried out bought some butter,But, she said the Carvertaught Carver to read and (molasses, postage stamp glue, and to fame, but caring for neither, several different tongue twisters butters bitter; If I put it in my batter, write.After leaving home Carver was flour, vinegar and synthetic rubber) he found happiness and honor in beginning with Peter Piper and It will make my batter bitter. But a the first black student at Iowa State. and even a type of gasoline. At the being helpful to the world. “Carver, laughed at how funny some people bit of better butter, That would make Carver excelled in his studies. After time, cotton production was on the who had lived a frugal life, used sounded. my batter better. So she bought a bit graduating from Iowa State, Carver down in the South, and overpro- his savings to establish a museum, Tongue twisters have been around of butter Better than her bitter but- embarked on a career of teaching duction had left many fields unable the George Washington Carver since 1895. They were really popular ter,And she put it in her batter And and research. Booker T. Washington, to produce crops. Carver suggested museum, Cultural and Genealogy in the 19th century. For over a cen- the batter was not bitter. So t’was the keeper of the historically black planting peanuts and soybeans, both Center in Austin, Texas, which was tury they have screwed up speaking Betty botter Bought a bit of better Tuskegee Institute, hired Carver to of which could restore nitrogen to devoted to his work, including some abilities. Early English twisters were butter. Peter piper picked a peck of run the school’s agricultural depart- the soil, along with sweet of his own paintings and drawings. also used to teach pupils proper pickled peppers; A peck of pick- speech. led peppers peter piper picked; If There are so many tongue twisters in peter piper picked a peck of pickled the world. Many people say tongue peppers, Where’s the peck of pickled twisters for fun. Every tongue twister peppers peter piper picked? Where did summer made has a meaning behind why it February Character break come from? Expression Contest Winners DIELO PROBST is different. One example is India. STAFF WRITER Why? Because the climate condi- So, what is a summer break? Sum- tions vary from territorial parts in mer break is a 2-month period where India. In the central part, summer kids don’t have to go to school. A lot break lasts for 2 months, while in the of kids enjoy it because they don’t northern part, the Kashmir Valley’s have to see or do work. summer lasts for 10 days. There isn’t really an origin but a lot The summer break in South Korea is of myths and oral traditions. For ex- also different from the United States. ample, one myth is,” it was believed It normally lasts from the end of that school kids took a break during June to mid- August. summer to help their parents in their Summer break in the United States fields and farms.” The origin of escape to the cooler countryside. is awesome because we get 2 to 3 summer break in the United States Because they left, it affected school months off. We get to go to summer really had a lot to do with the upper attendance. So, “the state legislators camp or spend time with our friends, and middle classes. One reason is and labor union advocates argued for and last we can have those warm because when the summertime hit counterbalancing a more regulated summer days eating ice-cream and the rich families tried to use every summer holiday/break for school being with friends. Those are the COURTESY PHOTO excuse they could find, that they kids.” best parts of summer. deemed necessary, so they could Summer break around the world Congratulations to the following winners of the Character Ed. Expression contest in January 2020: Zyon Dawes (left)Star Emer- son (middle) Yasmine Moody (right) Each student received $20 cash courtesy of Dream Inc., Tickets to How profanity has Smugglers Cove Adventure Golf, and a certificate of award. changed over the years Succulents DESTINY CRAWFORD Shakespeare created dirty insults STAFF WRITER that you would not recognize Continued from page 1 I have a problem using foul today. From each column, pick a language. I tend to get angry at times word and create your own insult, plant is exactly what it sounds like and curse out people. Shakespeare style. These are from – it is just like a regular aloe plant Swearing is one of a mankind’s https://freepagenumbers.wordpress. but with smaller leaves. The Aloe favorite pastimes. In English, com/2012/02/26/how-to-swear-like- Brevifolia grows in the shape of a swear and curse words tend to have shakespeare/. Here are some of them rose and can get up to one foot tall. Germanic roots. Used in this sense, Artless, Bat-fowling, Bum-bailey, It has orange flowers that grow in profanity is language that is Goatfish, Fen-sucked, Flirt-Gil, the springtime. The Aloe Brevifolia generally considered by a certain Gorbeillied, Guts-gripping, is just one example of a wonder- parts of a culture to be strongly these words were not intended to be Hedge-pig, Dissembling, ful succulent.” Next time you are impolite, rude, or offensive rude. Beslubbering, Lewdish Cursing is thinking about getting a plant, you The history of curse words and Profanity is sometimes referred to perhaps the only vice that as frowned should consider getting a succulent. profanity was part of spoken words colloquially as “Anglo-Saxon”. upon as it is widespread. One of the Overall, they are decorative and easy- in the Medieval era. In the 15th For example, the word “wanker” is things that I learned is that cursing care plants. If you are still wondering century, some words came to be seen considered profane in Britain but it doesn’t get you anywhere. Next if succulents are right for you, why as profane or rude. But the usage in dates only in the 20th century and is time, I will use the Shakespeare. don’t you give it a try? the earlier times of the 13th century not profane in the United States. Crusader Chronicle Page 7 W H A T A Y E A R !

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