The Tasmanian Experience ”
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Impact of Fipronil Residues on Mole Cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) Behavior and Mortality in Bermudagrass
Cummings et al.: Fipronil Impact on Mole Cricket Behavior and Mortality 293 IMPACT OF FIPRONIL RESIDUES ON MOLE CRICKET (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLOTALPIDAE) BEHAVIOR AND MORTALITY IN BERMUDAGRASS HENNEN D. CUMMINGS1, RICK L. BRANDENBURG2, ROSS B. LEIDY3 AND FRED H. YELVERTON4 1Department of Agribusiness, Agronomy, Horticulture, and Range Management, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX 76402 2Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613 3Department of Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7633 4Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620 ABSTRACT In a greenhouse experiment, fipronil was applied at 0.014 kg ai/ha to bermudagrass, Cyn- odon dactylon L., in plastic 5-liter containers 120, 90, 60, 30, and 0 days before adding one tawny mole cricket nymph, Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder to the container. After the exposure period, soil in the containers was divided into depth increments of 0-4, 4-8, and 8-18 cm, and cricket status was recorded as dead, absent, or alive by thoroughly examining soil. Soil in the 0-4 cm-increment was analyzed for fipronil and four fipronil metabolite residues. Fipronil residue concentrations decreased with time (C = 0.00002×2 – 0.0053× + 0.3675, R2 = 0.9998 where C = fipronil concentration (µg/g of soil) and x = days after treatment). Concen- trations of two metabolites, fipronil sulfone and fipronil sulfide, increased as fipronil resi- dues decreased. Each treatment’s affect on late instar mole crickets was significantly different from the non-treated; however, there were no significant differences in nymph sta- tus among fipronil-treated containers. -
Feeding Habits of House and Feral Cats (Felis Catus) on Small Adriatic Islands (Croatia)
NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 12 (2): 336-348 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2016 Article No.: e151708 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html Feeding habits of house and feral cats (Felis catus) on small Adriatic islands (Croatia) József LANSZKI1*, Eduard KLETEČKI2, Balázs TRÓCSÁNYI3, Jasmina MUŽINIĆ4, Gabriella L. SZÉLES1 and Jenő J. PURGER5 1. Department of Nature Conservation, Kaposvár University, H–7400 Kaposvár, Hungary. 2. Croatian Natural History Museum, HR–10000 Zagreb, Croatia. 3. Duna-Drava National Park Directorate, H–7625 Pécs, Hungary. 4. Institute for Ornithology CASA, HR–10000 Zagreb, Croatia. 5. Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, H–7624 Pécs, Hungary. *Corresponding author, J. Lanszki, e-mail: [email protected] Received: 17. March 2015 / Accepted: 18. July 2015 / Available online: 28. July 2015 / Printed: December 2016 Abstract. The domestic cat (Felis catus), a globally recognised invasive predator, was introduced to the Adriatic islands (Croatia), but its feeding ecology and impacts on biodiversity in this region is unknown. We studied the feeding habits of house cats living in villages and feral cats on the outskirts of villages on two small islands (Olib and Silba) by analysing faecal samples collected in the spring and autumn periods. Our hypothesis was that the feeding strategies of cats as top mammalian predators vary in different environments, due to significant dissimilarities in their food resources. We surveyed the abundance of cats and their primary food types, e.g. small mammals, birds, rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus, and lizards. Our results suggest that house cats fed most often on birds and common household food, while feral cats ate mostly small mammals and lizards. -
Insects & Spiders of Kanha Tiger Reserve
Some Insects & Spiders of Kanha Tiger Reserve Some by Aniruddha Dhamorikar Insects & Spiders of Kanha Tiger Reserve Aniruddha Dhamorikar 1 2 Study of some Insect orders (Insecta) and Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Kanha Tiger Reserve by The Corbett Foundation Project investigator Aniruddha Dhamorikar Expert advisors Kedar Gore Dr Amol Patwardhan Dr Ashish Tiple Declaration This report is submitted in the fulfillment of the project initiated by The Corbett Foundation under the permission received from the PCCF (Wildlife), Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, communication code क्रम 車क/ तकनीकी-I / 386 dated January 20, 2014. Kanha Office Admin office Village Baherakhar, P.O. Nikkum 81-88, Atlanta, 8th Floor, 209, Dist Balaghat, Nariman Point, Mumbai, Madhya Pradesh 481116 Maharashtra 400021 Tel.: +91 7636290300 Tel.: +91 22 614666400 [email protected] www.corbettfoundation.org 3 Some Insects and Spiders of Kanha Tiger Reserve by Aniruddha Dhamorikar © The Corbett Foundation. 2015. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used, reproduced, or transmitted in any form (electronic and in print) for commercial purposes. This book is meant for educational purposes only, and can be reproduced or transmitted electronically or in print with due credit to the author and the publisher. All images are © Aniruddha Dhamorikar unless otherwise mentioned. Image credits (used under Creative Commons): Amol Patwardhan: Mottled emigrant (plate 1.l) Dinesh Valke: Whirligig beetle (plate 10.h) Jeffrey W. Lotz: Kerria lacca (plate 14.o) Piotr Naskrecki, Bud bug (plate 17.e) Beatriz Moisset: Sweat bee (plate 26.h) Lindsay Condon: Mole cricket (plate 28.l) Ashish Tiple: Common hooktail (plate 29.d) Ashish Tiple: Common clubtail (plate 29.e) Aleksandr: Lacewing larva (plate 34.c) Jeff Holman: Flea (plate 35.j) Kosta Mumcuoglu: Louse (plate 35.m) Erturac: Flea (plate 35.n) Cover: Amyciaea forticeps preying on Oecophylla smargdina, with a kleptoparasitic Phorid fly sharing in the meal. -
Big Sur Capital Preventive Maintenance (CAPM) Project Approximately a 35-Mile Section on State Route 1, from Big Sur to Carmel-By-The-Sea, in the County of Monterey
Big Sur Capital Preventive Maintenance (CAPM) Project Approximately a 35-mile section on State Route 1, from Big Sur to Carmel-by-the-Sea, in the County of Monterey 05-MON-01-PM 39.8/74.6 Project ID: 05-1400-0046 Project EA: 05-1F680 SCH#: 2018011042 Initial Study with Mitigated Negative Declaration Prepared by the State of California Department of Transportation April 2018 General Information About This Document The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), has prepared this Initial Study with Mitigated Negative Declaration, which examines the potential environmental impacts of the Big Sur CAPM project on approximately a 35-mile section of State Route 1, located in Monterey County California. The Draft Initial Study was circulated for public review and comment from January 26, 2018 to February 26, 2018. A Notice of Intent to Adopt a Mitigated Negative Declaration, and Opportunity for Public Hearing was published in the Monterey County Herald on Friday January 26, 2018. The Notice of Intent and Opportunity for Public Hearing was mailed to a list of stakeholders that included both government agencies and private citizen groups who occupy and have interest in the project area. No comments were received during the public circulation period. The project has completed the environmental compliance with circulation of this document. When funding is approved, Caltrans can design and build all or part of the project. Throughout this document, a vertical line in the margin indicates a change that has been made since the draft document -
Mole Crickets Scapteriscus Spp
Mole Crickets Scapteriscus spp. Southern mole cricket, Scapteriscus borellii Tawny mole cricket, Scapteriscus vicinus DESCRIPTION OF INSECT All stages live in the soil and are rarely see on the surface. Immature stage Nymphs of both species are similar in appearance to adults, but lack wings. Nymphs proceed through 8-10 instars ranging in size from 0.2 to 1.25 inches in length. Each instar is progressively larger with wing buds apparent on later instars. Color varies from gray to brown. Pronotum (large shield behind head) with distinctive mottling or spots, depending on species and location. Mature stage Adults are somewhat cylindrically shaped, light colored crickets 1.26 to 1.38 inches in length. Adults have two pairs of wings, but only fly at night during two brief flight periods in fall and early spring. Spring flights are generally more extensive than fall flights. Damaging stage(s) Both nymphs and adults cause damage Predictive models (degree day, plant phenology, threat temperatures, other) Eggs being to hatch at threat temperatures of 65° F and higher (spring/early summer in most locations). Egg-laying and hatch timing are affected by soil moisture. Threat temperatures can be used to trigger preventive treatments. See the article, “Threat temperatures” for more information. Preventive treatments should be applied prior to egg-hatch (early June) or at the time of peak hatch (last week of June, first week of July in most years and locations). Weekly soap flushes in June and early July is the best method to determine when hatch is occurring, and the best time to treat. -
Cambria & San Simeon: Open for Your Dream Vaca On
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Media Contact Stacie Jacob, Solterra Strategies 805-286-6874; [email protected] Cambria & San Simeon: Open For Your Dream Vacaon With the historic Highway 1 open, there’s never been a beer me to visit two of America’s best seaside towns. Here are the top ten reasons to set your vacaon sights on Cambria and San Simeon. AUGUST 9, 2018 (Along Historic Highway 1, Calif.) – Aer being closed for more than a year, the recent reopening of Highway 1—the ulmate California road trip—puts Cambria and San Simeon squarely back in the business of providing endless opportunies for outdoor recreaon, cultural experiences and the most stunning coastal views on the planet. Here are the top ten reasons to visit these two seaside burgs. SAN SIMEON Hearst Castle A Naonal Historic Landmark originally founded by William Randolph Hearst, San Simeon is home to Hearst Castle, which now offers a whole host of subject-specific tours, such as kitchen tours and private sessions in the opulent indoor swimming pool. Elephant Seals The Piedras Blanc as Rookery is the only elephant seal rookery in the world that is easily accessible, free, and open to the public daily. No reservaons are needed. The rookery is located seven miles north of San Simeon on Highway 1. In peak mes—January, April and October—there are up to 17,000 animals on the shores. Piedras Blancas Lighthouse One of California’s most archit ecturally interesng lighthouses, the Piedras Blancas Light Staon, built in 1875, is a standing beacon of the California coastline’s rich marime history. -
Tawny Mole Cricket
INSECT PESTS Tawny Mole Cricket Prepared by Camille Goodwin, MG 2008 Texas AgriLife Extension Service Galveston County Office Dickinson, TX 77539 Educational programs of the Texas AgriLife Extension Service are open to all people without regard to race, color, sex, disability, religion, age, or national origin. The Texas A&M System, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the County Commissioners Courts of Texas cooperating. FIG. 1 Type Pest: chewing insect (Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder) • Another closely related mole cricket, the southern mole cricket (Scapteriscus borellia Giglio-Tos) also occurs in the Galveston-Houston area Type Metamorphous: simple (egg, nymph and adult stages) Period of Primary Activity: April through October Plants Affected • Bermudagrass and bahiagrass are the primary turfgrasses damaged by the mole cricket, although extensive damage can be sustained on cultivars of St. Augustinegrass, FIG. 2 centipedegrass, ryegrass, zoysiagrass and bentgrass • Tomato, strawberry, beet, cabbage, cantaloupe, carrot, cauliflower, collard, eggplant, kale, lettuce, onion, pepper, potato, spinach, sweet potato, turnip, flowers such as coleus, chrysanthemum, gypsophila, and other plants • Mole crickets feed on other soil-dwelling insects Identifying Characteristics of Insect Pest EGG STAGE • After mating and dispersal flights occur, females lay eggs in cells dug in the soil primarly during April with some egg laying occurring into early summer • Eggs hatch in about 2 weeks FIG. 3 NYMPH STAGES • Nymphs develop through eight juvenile stages (separated by molts) mostly during the summer months. • Each successive growth stage (instar) is larger and looks more and more like the adult but lack fully developed wings • Winter is spent as partially grown nymphs and as adults ADULT STAGE (Fig. -
Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus Vicinus Shortwinged Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus Abbreviatus
Tawny Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus vicinus Shortwinged Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus abbreviatus Biology & Lifecycle: Adults and larger nymphs chew on stems of seedlings and smaller plants at the soil surface. The tawny mole cricket has one generation each year and overwinters as adults, which lay eggs in April through early June. Nymphs grow slowly through the summer months and start becoming adults in September. The shortwinged mole cricket is almost restricted to coastal areas. Most eggs are laid in late spring through early summer. Females of both species lay clutches of eggs in underground egg chambers. Environmental Factors: Tawny and shortwinged mole crickets are present year-around, with adults and large nymphs overwintering but inactivated by cold temperatures and drought (they burrow deeper underground). Irrigation during drought allows them to be active. Flooding forces them to migrate to higher ground. Adult: Adults are large, about 1¼ inches, with wings longer than body (tawny mole cricket (Figure 3)) or very much shorter than body (shortwinged mole cricket (Figure 1)). Both adults and nymphs have enlarged and toothed forelegs for digging; expanded femurs (base of the hind legs) for jumping, although only nymphs jump. All species have soft bodies, with the middle body section protected by a hardened cover (pronotum). Immature: Nymphs range from less than 1/8 inch at hatching to about 1 inch several months later, resembling the adults but without trace of wings in the first 4 instars and with small wing buds in later instars. The number of molts varies from 6 to 9 (Figure 5). Host range: Both species attack seedlings of eggplant, sweet pepper, tobacco, tomato and cabbage. -
Mole Crickets (Gryllotalpidae)
Information Sheet Mole Crickets (Gryllotalpidae) An adult mole cricket, Gryllotalpa sp. (australisgroup) with fully developed wings: the fore wings extend only about half the length of the abdomen and partially conceal the folded hind wings which extend down the midline beyond the end of the abdomen. Mole crickets have become one of the most as a distinct family, Gryllotalpidae (e.g. commonly askedabout insects at the WA Rentz 1996). They are distinguished from Museum. This is a result of the establishment true crickets in being modified for a and spread of two species not known to occur burrowing mode of life: the fore legs bear in Western Australia prior to the 1990’s. They stout spines to assist digging and the first are Gryllotalpa sp. (australisgroup) and G. segment of the thorax is enlarged and pluvialis. The latter, at least, is native to hardened. Females lack the needlelike eastern Australia. They have spread ovipositor of the true crickets. throughout Perth’s suburbs and are known also from other southwestern population Mole crickets are often confused with the centres. According to enquirers, the insects superficially similar sandgropers or run rampant in vegetable gardens, plant pots cylindrachetids (see separate information or new lawns, drown in swimming pools, enter sheet). They are readily distinguished by houses and cause annoyance by their loud their longer appendages and (usually) the songs. presence of wings in adults. Fully winged individuals are capable of flight but they fly Mole crickets are most closely related to the only at night and are sometimes attracted to true crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and lights. -
Mounds of Fury Chrissie A
SCS-2020-03 MOUNDS OF FURY CHRISSIE A. SEGARS, PH.D, EXTENSION TURFGRASS SPECIALIST MICHAEL MERCHANT, PH.D, EXTENSION URBAN ENTOMOLOGIST WHAT IS THAT MOUND??? MOUNDING OR Each year, we do our best to manage our lawns and BURROWING landscapes. But each year, unexpected pests pop out ANIMALS COMMONLY of nowhere! It never fails! This factsheet seeks to explain critters that cause mounds in your yard—how FOUND IN TURFGRASS to identify them and whether or not you should be SYSTEMS worried. This is intended as a basic guide for mound Ants identification. For more information please visit Crawfish aggieturf.tamu.edu and insects.tamu.edu. Earthworms Gophers & Moles ANTS Red Imported Fire Ant June Beetles In Texas, the principal ant pest is the red imported fire Ground-Nesting Bees ant. While fire ants do not damage lawns directly, mounds Ground-Nesting Wasps are unattractive and may hinder cultural practices such as Mole Crickets mowing. Even worse, fire ants have painful stings that can make infested areas unusable to people and pets. Fire ant mounds consist of piles of loose soil with no obvious entry or exit. Inside, ants live in complex galleries that extend 1 to 3 feet below the surface. When treating fire ants, it’s best not to disturb them ahead of time, as this may cause the worker ants to relocate and avoid the insecticide treatment. A fire ant bed next to a sidewalk. Photo Cred: Bart Drees Texas Leaf Cutting Ants This ant has several common names— “town ant”, “cut ant”, etc. This ant has the potential to be very destructive to landscapes, gardens, and even some agricultural crops. -
Biology and Control of Mole Crickets 3 the Area After Flushing Can Minimize Sun Scalding of the Turf
ALABAMA A&M AND AUBURN UNIVERSITIES Biology and Control ANR-0176 of Mole Crickets Mole crickets have become the most destructive insect pest on turf and lawns in Gulf Coast states. Estimates of damage and replacement costs for turf and pastures in these states are in the millions of dollars annually. This review of the biology, ecology, and management of mole crickets is intended as a reference for homeowners, turf professionals, and local Extension agents. Pest Mole Crickets Brief History and Their Cousins of Mole Crickets The insect order Orthoptera in the United States includes crickets, grasshoppers, Scapteriscus mole crickets were and mole crickets. Within this not known to occur in North order, grasshoppers are a separate America before the early 1900s. subgroup from the field crickets Three species in the genus and mole crickets. Crickets (such Neoscapteriscus were introduced as the field cricket Gryllus spp.) near the Georgia and Florida are related to mole crickets but do border from South America. not live in soil. The short-winged mole cricket (N. Two families of crickets have abbreviatus) is the least known the common name of mole of these species. It is incapable of crickets. Pest mole crickets have Figure 1. The hearing organ on the mole flight due to its shortened wings, cricket is analogous to human ears. digging front legs and live most and it basically has established of their lives in soil, similar to only in Florida. Two additional the mammalian mole. Pygmy species, the tawny mole cricket forelegs that separate them from mole crickets, much smaller and (Neoscapteriscus vicinus) and the native species, which have four unrelated to pest mole crickets, the southern mole cricket claws. -
Epic Drives of the World 1 Preview
CONTENTS Easy Harder Epic INTRODUCTION 04 Rounding Québec’s La Gaspésie Loop (Canada) 80 On The Trail of Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam) 168 Through The Picos de Europa (Spain) 254 Crossing The Carretera Austral (Chile) 86 Crossing the Kathmandu Loop (Nepal) 174 Reaching The Isle of Skye (Scotland) 260 AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST 08 Through The Calchaquí Valleys (Argentina) 92 South Korea: From Top to Toe 180 The Wilds of Abruzzo (Italy) 266 The Self-Drive Safari (Zambia) 10 Southern Utah National Parks Circuit (USA) 98 Cruising Clarence Drive (South Africa) 18 Around The White Mountains (USA) 104 EUROPE 186 OCEANIA 272 Crossing the Kalahari (Botswana) 24 The Pacific Coast Highway (USA) 110 The Windswept Wild Atlantic Way (Ireland) 188 Southern Alps Explorer (New Zealand) 274 Fit For A King: Jebel Hafeet (UAE) 30 Havana to Viñales (Cuba) 116 The Magic Circle (Iceland) 194 The Great Ocean Road (Australia) 280 Passing Over the Panorama Route (South Africa) 36 On The Trail of The Lonesome Pine (USA) 124 Through The Grapevine: Route des Vins D’Alsace 200 Northland & The Bay of Islands (New Zealand) 286 Marrakesh to Taroudannt (Morocco) 42 On Cape Breton’s Cabot Trail (Canada) 130 The Cote D’Azur’s Three Corniches (France) 206 A Short Hop From Hobart to Queenstown (Australia) 292 Going to The Sun in Glacier National Park (USA) 136 Roving the Baltic: Estonia to Lithuania 212 Across The Kimberley: The Gibb River Road (Australia) 298 AMERICAS 48 Charging Through Napa Valley (USA) 142 Croatia’s Adriatic Highway 218 Following The Captain Cook Highway (Australia)