Faecal Sludge Management Solutions for Sambhar-Phulera, Jaipur

Home , Bisalpur Dam, Nagar (princely state), Phulera, Phulra

Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 42267-026 May 2018

IND: Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program

Package : Faecal Sludge Management Solutions for Sambhar-Phulera, Distt. Jaipur, Rajasthan

Submitted by:

Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project, Government of Rajasthan

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project, Government of Rajasthan and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

This initial environment examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Initial Environmental Examination

Grant No: 0413 IND

May, 2018

IND: Faecal Sludge Management Solutions for Sambhar-Phulera, Distt. Jaipur, Rajasthan

Prepared by Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project, Government of Rajasthan for the Asian Development Bank 2

Abbreviations

ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI – Archaeological Survey of India ASO – Assistant Safeguards Officer BMGF – Bill and Milinda Gates Foundation CAPC – Community Awareness and Participation Consultants CFE – Consent for Establishment CFO – Consent for Operation CPCB Central Pollution Control Board EA – Executing Agency EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EC – Environmental Clearance EHS – Environmental Health & Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan; FSSM – Faecal Sludge and Septage Management FSTP – Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant GOI – Government of India GOR – Government of Rajasthan IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination; LSGD – Local Self Government Department MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forest MLD – Million Liters per Day NOC – No Objection Certificate LPCD – Liters per Capita per Day PIU – Project Implementation Unit; PMDSC -- Project Management, Design and Supervision Consultants PMU – Project Management Unit PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PO – Project Officer PMDSC – Project Management, Design and Supervision Consultant PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PWD – Public Works Department REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist RoW – Right of Way RPCB – Rajasthan Pollution Control Board RUIDP – Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 STP – Sewage Treatment Plant ULB – Urban Local Body WTP – Water Treatment Plant

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I. INTRODUCTION 9 Background 9 Background of IEE 9 Environmental Regulatory Compliance 9 Scope of IEE 15 Report Structure 15 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 16 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 21 Physical Resources 21 Topography, Soils and Geology 21 Seismology 21 Climatic Conditions 21 Surface Water 21 Groundwater 21 Air Quality 22 Noise Quality 22 Ecological Resources 22 Industry & Agriculture 22 Socio Cultural Resources 23 Demography 23 History, Culture and Tourism 23 Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites 24 IV. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 24 Introduction 24 Location Impacts: 25 Design Impacts: 25 Construction Impacts: 26 Operation and Maintenance Impacts: 29 V. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 30 Overview 30 Public Consultation 30 Consultation during Project Preparation 31 Consultation during construction 32 Information Disclosure 32 VI. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 33 Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism 33 Grievance Redress Process 33 VII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 34 Environmental Management Plan 34 Institutional Requirements 46 Training Needs 49 Monitoring and Reporting 51 EMP Implementation Cost 51 VIII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 53

APPENDIX APPENDIX 1: REA CHECK LIST 54 APPENDIX 2: NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS 57 APPENDIX 3: NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS IN RESPECT OF NOISE 57 APPENDIX 4: GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS (WASTEWATER) 58 APPENDIX 5: LATEST EFFLUENT DISCHARGE STANDARDS SET BY CPCB 59 APPENDIX 6: VEHICLE EXHAUST EMISSION NORMS 61 APPENDIX 7: SALIENT FEATURES OF MAJOR LABOR LAWS APPLICABLE TO ESTABLISHMENTS ENGAGED IN CONSTRUCTION OF CIVIL WORKS 62 APPENDIX 8: SAMPLE OUTLINE SPOIL MANAGEMENT PLAN 65 APPENDIX 9: PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS CONDUCTED DURING PROJECT PREPARATION 66 APPENDIX 10: SAMPLE MONTHLY REPORTING FORMAT 82 APPENDIX 11: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INSPECTION REPORT 85 APPENDIX 12: SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REGISTRATION FORM 87 APPENDIX 13: OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF PROPOSED FSTP SYSTEM 88 13.1 Operating procedures 88 APPENDIX 14: PHOTOGRAPHS OF PROJECT LOCATIONS 92

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. The Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program (RUSDP) will complement the past and ongoing efforts of Government of Rajasthan (GOR) to improve water supply and waste water services to the residents of the state of Rajasthan. The program component of the RUSDP will support policy reforms and consolidate institutional development and governance improvement in the urban sector in the state, while the investment component of the RUSDP will invest in water distribution network improvements and sewerage systems in the six project cities 1 each having a population of more than 100,000, and identified considering the lack of basic services at present and willingness to undertake reforms and institutional restructuring. RUSDP will be implemented over a five-year period beginning in March 2015, and will be funded by ADB via a sector development program (SDP) loan modality

2. RUSDP program was conceived to include a grant component contributed by BMGF through the RUIDP’s existing framework to address the issue of decentralized wastewater and city-wide Faecal Sludge and Septage Management (FSSM) across Rajasthan. Initial outlay for this grant is US$ 2 million and this fund is to be utilized for conducting pilot studies in various project towns. Such project aims to find innovative sanitation solutions, conduct pilot studies in pocket areas which are devoid of conventional sewerage system, capture information for replicable model, explore possibility of engaging private service providers, and develop institutional framework and capacity building. In the initial stages of the project, the focus was on the six RUIDP project towns (Tonk, Bhilwara, Pali, Hanumangarh, Sri Ganganagar and Jhunjhunu), along with 4 additional Program Loan towns (Jhalawar, Sawai Madhopur, Bikaner and Kota). Micro-scale pilot studies were conducted in two towns of Tonk and Jhalawar where identified pockets were in the core city area and left out from conventional sewerage system which included on-site sanitation solutions at a neighbourhood scale.

3. Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project (RUIDP) under ADB, is proposing to implement a Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant for Phulera and Sambhar in Rajasthan to assess the current gaps in sanitation across the towns of Phulera and Sambhar and suggest sustainable and cost effective ways to manage faecal sludge generated within its boundaries.

4. ADB requires consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for Environmental Assessment are described in ADB’s SPS (2009). This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) addresses the infrastructure components proposed under Sambhar-Phulera FSSM project.

5. Categorization. Sambhar-Phulera FSSM subproject is classified as Environmental Category B as per the SPS as no significant impacts are envisaged. Accordingly, this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) assesses the environmental impacts and provides mitigation and monitoring measures to ensure that there are no significant impacts as a result of the project.

6. Project Scope. The subproject is formulated to address gaps in faecal sludge and septage across the towns of Sambhar and Phulera. The main objective of this project is to improve safe sewage collection from houses and treatment in a scientific manner to improve sanitation conditions of town. This will have an important effect on public health and environment. Proposed works under this subproject include: (i) to provide technological solutions for faecal sludge management and development of a plan for FSSM (ii)

1 Pali, Tonk, Ganganagar, Jhunjhunu, Bhilwara and Hanumangarh

Construction of a Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (FSTP) of 20 KLD capacity (iii) Development of access road to FSTP.

7. Implementation Arrangements. The Local Self Government Department (LSGD) of Government of Rajasthan is the Executing Agency (EA) and existing RUIDP is the Implementing Agency (IA). The LSGD is responsible for overall strategic planning, guidance and management of the RUSDP, and for ensuring compliance with tranche release conditions and loan covenants. A policy support unit has been established in the LSGD to support the government for implementation of the tranche release policy actions under the program loan. The RUIDP is responsible for planning, implementation, monitoring and supervision, and coordination of all activities under the RUSDP. The RUIDP has recruited Design and Supervision Consultant to prepare DPR and bid documents and provide assistance during construction of the facility. Project Management Unit (PMU) at Jaipur will overall responsible for management and monitoring of the whole project. Once the infrastructure is built and commissioned, the Urban Local Bodies will operate and maintain the infrastructure through contractor for 10 years, and later on their own. Project Officer (Environment) at PMU with help of consultant will be responsible for environment management and monitoring activities, and will be supported by Environment Safeguard Specialist of PMDSC Team. Contractor personnel will include an Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) supervisor.

8. Description of the Environment. Subproject site of proposed FSTP is situated in Phulera town, which is a town in Jaipur district, approx 75 kms away from Jaipur city. Environmental conditions of the town are generally dry during summer and affected with low rainfall. Proposed site is situated behind the District Jail campus and surrounded by barren land on all sides. There are no trees present and no wildlife exists here. Land is demarcated by Municipal Council for disposal of solid waste and currently solid waste from town is disposed here by burial method. There are no surface water body at or near the site.

9. Environmental Management. An environmental management plan (EMP) is included as part of this IEE, which includes (i) mitigation measures for environmental impacts during implementation; (ii) an environmental monitoring program, and the responsible entities for mitigating, monitoring, and reporting; (iii) public consultation and information disclosure; and (iv) a grievance redress mechanism. A number of impacts and their significance have already been reduced by amending the designs. The construction phase EMP will be included in civil work bidding and contract documents.

10. The land proposed for FSTP is government land where a NOC has been furnished from Phulera ULB, and therefore no land acquisition issue may arise. There are no habitation exist upto 200 metres from site and no impact to people may envisage.

11. Potential impacts were identified in relation to location, design, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the need to dispose of moderate quantities of waste soil and health and safety risk to workers during construction and operation. These are common temporary impacts of construction in urban areas, and there are well developed methods for their mitigation. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all potential negative impacts to acceptable levels.

12. Measures such as appropriate scheduling of works (non-monsoon season, low traffic hours, etc.,) and minimizing inconvenience by best construction methods will be employed. In the operational phase, all facilities and infrastructure will operate with routine maintenance, which should not affect the environment. Facilities will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only.

13. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. Mitigation will be assured by a program of environmental monitoring to be conducted during construction. The environmental monitoring program will ensure that all measures are implemented, and will determine whether the environment is protected as intended. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries. Any requirements for corrective action will be reported to the ADB.

14. The stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE through discussions on-site and public consultation, after which views expressed were incorporated into the IEE and in the planning and development of the project. The IEE will be made available at public locations in the city and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB and RUIDP websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation.

15. The citizens of the Phulera and Sambhar Town will be the major beneficiaries of this subproject. The system of desludging vehicles which includes emptying the septic tank and pit latrines by private and government operators, will safely remove the human waste from individual homes and other entities that will scientifically treated in modern facility (FSTP). Combined with the on-going investments in sewage treatment, this subproject, in addition to improved environmental conditions, will improve the over-all health condition of the town. People would spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health.

16. Consultation, Disclosure and Grievance Redress. Public consultations were done in the preparation of the project and IEE. Consultations will continue throughout the project implementation period with the assistance of the CAPC by PMDSC team. A grievance redress mechanism is described within the IEE to ensure any public grievances are addressed quickly.

17. Monitoring and Reporting. The PMU and supervision consultant will be responsible for monitoring. The PMU will submit quarterly/semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. ADB will post the environmental monitoring reports on its website.

18. Conclusions and Recommendations. The proposed project is therefore unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. The potential impacts that are associated with design, construction and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. Based on the findings of the IEE, there are no significant impacts and the classification of the project as Category “B” is confirmed. No further special study or detailed environmental impact assessment (EIA) needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009) or GoI EIA Notification (2006).

I. INTRODUCTION Background

1. Project background and context. The proposed Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program (RUSDP) will complement the past and ongoing efforts of Government of Rajasthan (GOR) to improve water supply and wastewater services to the residents of the state of Rajasthan. The program component of the RUSDP will support policy reforms and consolidate institutional development and governance improvement in the urban sector in the state, while the investment component of the RUSDP will invest in water distribution network improvements and sewerage systems in the six project cities 2 each having a population of more than 100,000 and identified considering the lack of basic services at present and willingness to undertake reforms and institutional restructuring. RUSDP will be implemented over a five-year period beginning in March 2015, and will be funded by ADB via a sector development program (SDP) loan modality. The expected impact of the RUSDP will be sustainable urban development in Rajasthan. The expected outcome will be improved urban service delivery in Rajasthan. RUSDP will have five outputs, out of which Outputs 1 and 2 will be supported by the program component, while Outputs 3, 4 and 5 will be supported by the investment component.

2. The focus of the RUSDP investment will be on water supply and sewerage infrastructure. A series of subprojects will be implemented under the Project, with each subproject providing improvements to water supply or sewerage or both in a project town.

3. Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project (RUIDP) under ADB, is proposing to implement a Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant for Phulera and Sambhar in Rajasthan. The Activity, under the project, is to specifically provide faecal sludge management solutions for Phulera and Sambhar towns in Rajasthan

Background of IEE

4. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement (2009). Accordingly, this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been conducted to assess the environmental impacts and provide mitigation and monitoring measures to ensure that there are no significant impacts as a result of the subproject.

Environmental Regulatory Compliance

5. Table 1 presents a summary of environmental regulations and mandatory requirements applicable to this subproject.

2 Pali, Tonk, Ganganagar, Jhunjhunu, Bhilwara and Hanumangarh

Table 1: Applicable Environmental Regulations Law Description Requirement

EIA Notification, The EIA Notification of 2006 set out the Project is not a listed activity in 2006 requirement for environmental Schedule I of this notification and assessment in India. Environmental hence environmental clearance is Clearance is required for certain defined not required. activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts. Category A projects require Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF). Category B projects require Environmental Clearance from the State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA).

Water Act was enacted to provide for the Consent to Establish (CTE) and (Prevention and prevention and control of water pollution Consent to Operate (CTO) is Control of and the maintaining or restoring of required for proposed FSTP (20 Pollution) Act of wholesomeness of water, by Central KLD) from Rajasthan State 1974, Rules of and State Pollution Control Boards and Pollution Control Board (RSPCB). 1975, and for conferring on and assigning to Application can be submitted amendments CPCB/SPCBs powers and functions through online mode only. relating to water pollution control. Guidelines for application of CTE and CTO can be obtained on Control of water pollution is achieved RSPCB website- through administering conditions http://environment.rajasthan.gov.in imposed in consent issued under provision of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974. These conditions regulate the quantity and quantity of effluent, the location of discharge and the frequency of monitoring of effluents. Any component of the subproject having the potential to generate sewage or trade effluent will come under its purview. Such projects have to obtain Consent to Establish (CTE) under Section 25 of the Act from Rajasthan Pollution Control Board (RPCB) before starting implementation and Consent To Operate (CTO) before commissioning.

Air (Prevention This Act was enacted to achieve Not applicable for FSTP, but and Control of prevention, control and abatement of air batching plant, crushers, operation Pollution) Act of pollution activities by assigning of DG set will require approval 1981, Rules of regulatory powers to Central and State from RPCB. Further vehicles and

Law Description Requirement

1982 and boards for all such functions. The Act other equipment to be used in amendments. also establishes ambient air quality construction period will required standards PUC before deployment at site

The projects having potential to emit air Appendix 2 provides applicable pollutants into the atmosphere have to standards for ambient air quality. obtain CTE and CTO under Section 21 of the Act from RPCB The occupier of the project/facility has the responsibility to adopt necessary air pollution control measures for abating air pollution.

Environment Emissions and discharges from the Appendix 2 provides applicable (Protection) Act, facilities to be created or refurbished or standards for ambient air quality. 1986 and CPCB augmented shall comply with the notified Environmental standards Standards.

Noise Pollution Rule 3 of the Act specifies ambient air Appendix3 provides applicable (Regulation and quality standards in respect of noise for noise standards. Control) Rules, different areas/zones. 2000 amended up to 2010.

Ancient The Act designates areas within 100 There are no ASI protected Monuments and meters (m) of the “protected monuments/sites near or within Archaeological monument/area” as “prohibited area” the site, therefore. Archaeological Sites and and beyond that up to 200 m as potential is negligible. Remains Act, “regulated area” respectively. No 1958 and Ancient “construction” is permitted in the Monuments and “prohibited area” and any construction Archaeological activity in the “regulated area” requires Sites and prior permission of the Archaeological Remains Survey of India (ASI). (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2010

The Rajasthan Any construction/excavation work in the There are no listed monuments Monuments, ‘protected area’ (as declared by GOR near proposed site and this act will Archaeological under the Act) requires priori permission not be applicable Sites and of Department of Archaeology& Antiquities Act, Museums 1961; the Rajasthan -Application under the Rules shall be Monuments, submitted to Director, State Archaeological Archaeological Department, at least 3 months prior to the work. Department Sites and provides conditional permission, Antiquities including time for completion, (amendment) Act procedures to be followed during the

Law Description Requirement

2007 work and for chance finds etc.

The Right to fair Private land acquisition is guided by the Not applicable to this subproject compensation provisions and procedures of this Act. as there is no private land and transparency acquisition or resettlement in land acquisition, rehabilitation and resettlement Act, 2013

Labor Laws The contractor shall not make Appendix 7 provides applicable employment decisions based upon labor laws including amendments personal characteristics unrelated to job issued from time to time requirements. The contractor shall base applicable to establishments the employment relationship upon equal engaged in construction of civil opportunity and fair treatment, and shall works. not discriminate with respect to aspects of the employment relationship, including recruitment and hiring, compensation (including wages and benefits), working conditions and terms of employment or retirement, and discipline. The contractor shall provide equal wages and benefits to men and women for work of equal value or type.

Wildlife This overarching Act provides protection Not applicable as there are no Protection Act, to wild animals, birds, plants and protected areas near or within the 1972 matters connected with habitat proposed project sites protection, processes to declare protected areas, regulation of wildlife trade, constitution of state and national board for wildlife, zoo authority, tiger conservation authority, penalty clauses and other important regulations.

Forest The Forest (Conservation) Act prohibits Not applicable (Conservation) the use of forest land for non-forest Act, 1980 purposes without the approval of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government of India

Rajasthan Forest This Act makes the basis for declaration Not applicable Act, 1953 and of Reserved Forests, constitution of Rajasthan Forest village forest committees, management Rules, 1962 of reserved forests and penalties and procedures.

The Building and - Applicable to any building or other Contractor have to fully comply all Other construction work which employ 10 or the provisions of this Act specially Construction workers’ registration, payment of

Law Description Requirement

Workers more workers cess, safety, health, welfare, (Regulation of wages and compensation etc. Employment and - Cess should be paid at rate not Conditions of exceeding 2% of the cost of construction Salient features of this Act are Service) Act, as may be notified given in Appendix 7 (BOCW Act) - The employer is required to provide 1996 and the safety measures at the building or Cess Act of 1996 construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for workers near the workplace etc.

-The employer has to obtain a registration certificate from the Registering Officer

Gas Cylinder These rules deal with Filling, All the safety in storage, Rules 2004 possession, import and transport of transportation, handling, usage, cylinders, Safety relief devices, maintenance, repairing of gas Marking on cylinders, Markings on cylinders and other precautions valve, Identification colours, Labelling of cylinders, Restriction on delivery or should be taken and record dispatch of cylinders, repairing of should be kept maintained. cylinders, Prohibition of employment of children and intoxicated persons, Prohibition of smoking, fires, lights and dangerous substances, General precautions, Special precautions against accidents, Competent person to be in charge of operations, Handling and use, Restrictions on filling, Loading, unloading and transport of cylinders, Storage of cylinders, ownership and record keeping etc. Motor No person will be allowed to drive a Valid and appropriate Vehicles Act, motor vehicle unless he holds an (LMV/HMV) driving licence of 1988 valid driving license issued to him operators and drivers is required authorizing him to drive the vehicle to operate or drive vehicle and equipment at construction site

The All due precautions will be taken at all Do not allow any escape of diesel, Petroleum times to prevent escape of petroleum lubricants in to drain or any Rules 2002 into any drain, sewer, river or nearby water course watercourse or over any public road or railway line.

Solid Waste Responsibility of Solid Waste Contractor to follow all the rules Management Generator during construction works Rules 2016 (i) segregate and store the waste generated in three separate streams namely bio-degradable, non biodegradable and domestic

Law Description Requirement

hazardous wastes in suitable bins and handover segregated wastes to authorized waste pickers or waste collectors as per the direction or notification by the local authorities from time to time; (ii) store separately construction and demolition waste, as and when generated, in his own premises and shall dispose off as per the Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016; and No waste generator shall throw, burn or burry the solid waste generated by him, on streets, open public spaces outside his premises or in the drain or water bodies.

Construction (i) Every waste generator shall Contractor to follow all the rules and segregate construction and demolition during construction works Demolition waste and deposit at collection centre Waste or handover it to the authorised Management processing facilities Rules 2016 (ii) Shall ensure that there is no littering or deposition so as to prevent obstruction to the traffic or the public or drains. (iii) Large generators (who generate more than 20 tons or more in one day or 300 tons per project in a month) shall submit waste management plan and get appropriate approvals from the local authority before starting construction or demolition or remodelling work, (iv) Large generators shall have environment management plan to address the likely environmental issues from construction, demolition, storage, transportation process and disposal / reuse of C & D Waste. (v) Large generators shall segregate the waste into four streams such as concrete, soil, steel, wood and plastics, bricks and mortar, (vi) Large generators shall pay relevant charges for collection, transportation, processing and disposal as notified by the concerned authorities; Ramsar The Ramsar Convention is an 2 Kms stretch from Sambhar Lake Convention, 1971 intergovernmental treaty that provides is a Ramsar site (no. 464), the framework for national action and located in Sambhar town, which is international co-operation for the approximately 6 Kms aerial conservation and wise use of wetlands distance from proposed FSTP site and their resources. India is one of the at Phulera. Project component are

Law Description Requirement

signatories to the treaty. The Ramsar not enough to affect this Ramsar convention made it mandatory for the site. Therefore no impact will be signatory countries to include wetland envisaged. conservation in their national land use plans.

6. The ADB guidelines stipulate addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed activity in the initial stages of project preparation. For this, the ADB SPS categorizes the proposed projects into various categories (A, B or C) to determine the level of environmental assessment required to address the potential impacts. Level of environmental assessment required for each category is presented below.

(i) Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts. (ii) Category B: Projects likely to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C: Projects unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed.

7. The environmental impacts of Sambhar-Phulera FSSM subproject have been identified and assessed as part of the planning and design process. An environmental assessment using ADB’s Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Water Supply and Sewerage (Appendix 1) was conducted, and results of the assessment show that the subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. Thus, this IEE has been prepared in accordance with ADB SPS’s requirements for environment category B projects.

Scope of IEE

8. This IEE is prepared for Sambhar-Phulera FSSM project, based on primary data collected through various departments, public consultations during site visits and secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

Report Structure

9. This Report contains nine sections: (i) executive summary; (ii) introduction and regulatory framework (iii) description of the project (iv) description of the environment; (v) anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (vi) public consultation and information disclosure; (vii) grievance redress mechanism; (viii) environmental management plan, and, (ix) conclusion and recommendation.

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

Existing Conditions

A. Existing Water Supply in Sambhar and Phulera.

10. Phulera: The source of water supply for Phulera is the Bisalpur Dam and open wells. Water is supplied at the rate of 70 lpcd14.

11. Sambhar: The source of water supply for Sambhar is the Bisalpur Dam and 2 open wells. Water is supplied at the rate of 65 lpcd. There are 4 overhead water storage tanks of 450 KLD, 200 KLD, 250KLD and 275 KLD respectively. Water is supplied every alternate day for 30 minutes. Although houses have metered connections but they are charged based on the average fixed meter reading

B. Existing Sewerage system in Sambhar and Phulera

12. Phulera: There is no underground sewerage network in Phulera. Based on field observations and focused discussions with the ULB officials, it was found that people primarily resorted to the construction of single pits where the sides are lined but the base is left unlined. These are constructed using bricks. These were usually 15-20 feet deep and 2.5 to 3 feet in diameter. They are made from pre-cast concrete rings. 60% of the toilets are connected to this type of containment system. Other that the above mentioned containment type, people also make a 2 or 3 chambered septic tanks. These tanks are 5-6 feet in length, 6-7 feet in breadth and 6-7 feet in height. There are lined both in the sides and base but the supernatant is directly connected to the open drain. 40% of the toilets have this kind of containment systems. Both the above mentioned systems have a desludging frequency of 10-15 years. These containment systems are made below the road, either in front or behind the house or sometimes within the household premises. Based on the discussion with the Junior engineer of the Phulera Nagar Palika, it is estimated that 60% of the houses in Phulera have unlined pits while 40% have the rectangular pits whose base is left unlined. In the last 5 years everyone has switched to the usage single circular ringed pits.

13. Sambhar: A contrary situation exists in Sambhar where 70% of the toilets are connected to 2 or 3 chambered septic tanks. They are 6-8 feet in length, 4-5 feet in breadth, and 5 feet in height and have an average volume of 4.5 cum. The sides and base is completely lined and is made from bricks. The supernatant is directly connected to the open drains. While the remaining 30% toilets are connected to circular pits that are made from pre cast concrete rings with holes for the elimination of the liquid component of the faecal slugde. They are approximately made 10 feet deep and 2-3 feet in diameter and have an average volume of 1.4 cum. Both the above mentioned systems have a delsudging frequency of 10-15 years and are constructed under the road in front of the house.

14. Disposal methods of Septage: The septage or Faecal sludge generated from Septic tanks and single pits are desludged through cesspool trucks commonly called as Vaccum trucks or sewer suction machine. There are two tractor mounted vacuum based desludging vehicle owned by the ULB which service the demand for desludging from households and non residential units within the limits of Phulera Nagar Palika. There are a total of 5 delsudging service providers serving both Phulera and Sambhar. The Phulera nagar Palika vehicle is currently defunct while the Sambhar Nagar Palika vehicle of 3.5 m3 capacity was still in operation and received 5-10 delsudging per month from Phulera alone. Apart from that there are 3 more private delsudging service providers. These service providers charge Rs. 1200 to 1500 for each service. The collected faecal sludge from

sewer pits and septic tanks are emptied in low lying areas, nallah, agricultural fields or any other vacant land without any treatment, which pose a great risk to health and environment.

C. Existing solid waste management and drainage in Sambhar and Phulera

15. Solid waste: In Phulera, there is a door-to-door solid waste collection system operational. Approximately 192 MT of solid waste is collected in a month. There is a fixed solid waste disposal site for the waste that is collected from Phulera town. The collection is only operational in ward no. 5. In Sambhar there is no door-to-door solid waste collection system operational. Approximately 298 MT of solid waste is collected in a month. There is no fixed solid waste disposal site, waste that is collected from Sambhar Lake and is disposed near the Dudu Road, Nava Road, Devyani or Jail Area in Phulera town

16. Drainage: In Phulera there is one storm water drain around 8 feet wide at few points, which is also referred to as Balaji by pass nala and it carries the wastewater from the phulera and it gets collected near a shallow area in north western part of the city. In Sambhar, there are six storm water drain namely Devina Phatak Drain, Chota Bazaar Drain, Aalampura Drain, Nirmano ka Mohalla Drain, Narsingh ki Taal Drain and Nakhasat Road Drain. All these drains lead to the Sambhar Lake which is the terminal point.

D. Proposed works in Sambhar and Phulera

17. A common FSTP of 20 KLD capacity is proposed in Phulera, in the vacant government land behind the Central Jail. This FSTP will treat all the septage collected from both the towns. An approach road is also under scope in this project. Figure 1 shows the location of FSTP site.

Figure 1 Location of FSTP Site (26.876950°, 75.216577°) - Phulera

18. Development of Existing Approach Road: The plant is located at municipal

solid waste site which is accessible by a 500 Meters WBM (MUD road) from main road. A flexible pavement of 6 Meter for 500 meters has been proposed for development of the same road.

19. FSTP Concept Proposed For Phulera: This feacal sludge treatment unit is designed for 20 cum capacity. The stabilization and the drying part of the treatment process are divided into 2 modules of 10 m3 each to ensure effective digestion. The faecal sludge from households of Phulera and Sambhar towns would be conveyed 6 days in a week to the treatment unit. The estimated quantity of sludge from these towns to FSTP plant is approximately 14.5-16 KLD in first five year and 16-20 KLD in subsequent years. The faecal sludge shall first be made to pass through the screening chambers (2 nos) for the retention of coarse materials/ solid waste present in the faecal sludge. The liquid sludge would be conveyed to Stabilization Reactor (2 nos) from where they are conveyed to Sludge Drying Beds (SDB), 20 in total, to remove the degradable organic substance and improve its dewatering ability. The solids collected at the bottom of the stabilization reactor in the form of slurry flows to sludge drying beds by pump provided in the third chamber. The sludge drying beds are structures with sloped base for holding graded filter media. The sludge undergoes liquid-solid separation and also drying. The dried sludge from the drying beds are removed periodically and transferred to the sludge storage shed located within the premises and the rest of the part which is the liquid percolate or effluent wastewater is conveyed to the collection tank after which it is pumped to the integrated settler and Anaerobic Filter. The effluent wastewater is then treated in two stages (primary and secondary stage) in Decentralized Waste Water Treatment System (DEWATS) modules. The primary stages i.e. Settler is mainly meant for Sedimentation of any settable solids that have entered the modules along with the percolate. The secondary stage i.e. Anaerobic Filter is for the anaerobic degradation of any dissolved and suspended organic matter. The partially treated wastewater from the secondary treatment unit would be conveyed into the horizontal planted gravel filter (HPGF). The area available in the selected location for FSTP is 74m x 74m. In future if the quantity of faecal sludge increases significantly, the same system can be replicated in the selected location to accommodate the extra loads. Modules of FSTP plant with their dimensions and Capacity are given in Table 2

Table 2 Modules, dimensions and capacity

Sr. Modules Dimension (Meters) Capacity (cum) No. of units No. L B H 1 H 2 1. Screening Chamber 2.23 0.98 0.65 0.65 0.72 2 2. Grit Chamber 1.6 1.6 1.25 1.25 1.25 2 3. Stabilization Tank 12.22 5.72 3.05 2.15 101.4 2 4. Sludge Drying Bed 10.48 4.88 0.75 0.25 10 20 5. Sludge Storage Yard 15.80 4.20 - - 1 6. Integrated Settler and 8.40 2.00 2.50 2.00 36 1 Anaerobic Reactor 7. Horizontal Planted 11.12 7.72 1.17 0.65 36 1 Gravel Filter H1 : Inner Depth, H2 : Liquid Depth

20. Flow diagram of proposed treatment process is shown in Figure 2 and plan of proposed FSTP is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2: Flow Diagram of faecal sludge treatment process

Figure 3: Layout Plan of proposed FSTP in Phulera

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Physical Resources

Location, Area & Connectivity

21. Phulera lies in the North Western part of the Jaipur District. It is well connected via the railways to Jaipur, Ajmer, Ahmedabad, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Delhi etc. Phulera is approximately 70 Kms away from Jaipur. Sambhar is approximately 10 Kms away from Phulera and is famous for the Smbhar Lake and salt production. Sambhar also lies in the western part of the Jaipur District. This town is located on the banks of the Sambhar Lake. The total area of the Sambhar lake is spread across 230 square kilometer. Salt production is the primary source of occupation for the people in the town. It is located 380 m above the mean sea level.

Topography, Soils and Geology

22. Phulera is located at a distance of 65 km in the West direction from district head quarter Jaipur. Sambhar is located at a distance of 75 from Jaipur. Towns of Sambhar and Phulera are located at a height of 380 mtr from MSL. 23. Soil of Phulera and Sambhar is mostly sandy, affected with dry conditions and a large part of town in barren or having salt affected soil. 24. There are no mountains in Phulera whereas in Sambhar some low height hills of Arawali are found.

Seismology

25. As per the seismic zoning map of India, Phulera and Sambhar falls partly under the Zone II (MSK VI). Zone II is the “low damage risk zone” as per seismic zone classification.

Climatic Conditions

26. Sambhar and Phulera experiences semi-arid and dry climate characterized by hot summers, cold winters with low rainfall during south-west monsoon period. The summer seasons are long starting in the month of March and ends in the month of June. Temperatures range from a minimum of 2.1°C in winter and can rise up to a maximum of 45°C in summers; this couple with the dry weather, the conditions during summers is very harsh. The temperature in winter dips down to as low as 2oC. Sambhar and Phulera receive rainfall mainly under the influence of southwest monsoon between July and September. Annual average rainfall is 673.9 mm. Main months of rainfall in Phulera and Sambhar are July, August and September during these months district receives about 95% of rainfall.

Surface Water

27. There is no any major river or nallah or other surface water body at Phulera. Sambhar Lake is famous saline water lake situated in Sambhar, where salt is produced in large amount. No surface water exists near to proposed site of FSTP in Phulera.

Groundwater

28. Groundwater of Phulera Tehsil is highly deteriorated with high amount of fluoride and alkalinity, which is really a serious menace to human health. Most of the parameters of like fluoride, pH, electrical conductivity, hardness etc are either more than permissible limit or below limit. Calculated correlation coefficient between physico-chemical parameters indicated considerable variations among the water samples with respect to their chemical

composition. Thus, fluoride intake especially through groundwater contributed to the development of dental and skeletal fluorosis. Therefore, the drinking water of villages of Phulera tehsil is not potable.

Air Quality

29. Due to the location in dry semi-arid zone coupled with dust storms, especially during the summer months, the particulate matter in ambient air is likely to be high. The roads are not in good condition, traffic on these roads and winds are the main source of dust generation. Industrial development in the town is limited to few small scale industries, and therefore air pollution from industrial activity is negligible.

30. Ambient air quality in Rajasthan is monitored by Rajasthan Pollution Control Board. However, at present there is no monitoring station in Phulera or Sambhar. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring is required to establish baseline conditions before start of construction works.

Noise Quality

31. As there are no major industrial or alike other activities in Phulera or Sambhar city area, there is no major source of noise pollution in the town. Main source of noise pollution in the city area is traffic only that also in main and busy roads and other inner and connecting roads are quiet peaceful. Noise quality Monitoring is required to establish baseline conditions before start of construction works.

Ecological Resources

32. Due to harsh physiographic and climatic condition, the forest and other ecological resources in Phulera and Sambhar is limited. These are open forests with very less tree cover and the vegetation is characterized by tropical thorn species and tropical dry- deciduous species represented by Prosopis cineraria, Acacia leucophloea, Acacia nilotica, Salvadora oleoides, Capparis decidua, Opuntia species, Tephrosia purpuria, Aerva persica, Cenchrus ciliaris etc. Having the blend of varied habitat types, there is rich diversity of bird species in Sambhar.

33. Sambhar Wildlife Sanctuary and Ramsar site: Sambhar lake is India’s largest saline water lake and about 25 kms long and 1.5-3.5 kms wide stretch of Sambhar lake is declared as Sambhar Wildlife Sanctuary. This site is also declared as Ramsar Site (s.No. 17 in the list of Ramsar sites) by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 1990. The Sambhar Wildlife Sanctuary is a home of good population of different avifauna like flamingoes, black headed gull and Northern Shoveller. About 45 species of water birds as ducks, shorebirds and geese are spotted at Sambhar. The site is located at approximate distance of 6 Km from Samabhar Wildlife Sanctuary and Ramsar site.

34. Proposed subproject components are located in the Phulera town area, an urban area located in arid dry zone covered mostly with sandy. Natural vegetation is very limited, and consists of mainly sparse, scattered shrubs and grasses. The fauna of the town comprises mainly domesticated animals. Within the town, tree cover is very limited. Major trees found within town are mostly planted beside the roads in open public areas and comprises mainly Babool, Keekar, Neem, Pipal, Sheesham, Mango and Ber etc.

Industry & Agriculture

35. Industrial development in Phulera is very limited. As there is very less agriculture

land, most of the population is engaged in commercial and service activities. Sambhar is also devoid of agriculture lands and therefore most of the population is engaged in service and commercial activities. Large number of people are engaged in production and trading of salt produced from Sambhar lake. Sambhar Salt Limited is the major industry at Sambhar which produces salt.

Socio Cultural Resources

Demography

36. Sambhar is a Municipality city in district of Jaipur, Rajasthan. The Sambhar city is divided into 20 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Sambhar Municipality has population of 22,327 of which 11,517 are males while 10,810 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 2859 which is 12.81 % of total population of Sambhar municipal area. In Sambhar Municipality, Female Sex Ratio is of 939 against state average of 928. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Sambhar is around 900 compared to Rajasthan state average of 888. Literacy rate of Sambhar city is 78.93 % higher than state average of 66.11 %. In Sambhar, Male literacy is around 88.95 % while female literacy rate is 68.32 %.

37. Phulera is a Municipality + Outgrowth city situated in Phulera tehsil of Jaipur district. The Phulera city is divided into 22 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. As per the Population Census 2011, there are total 4,640 families residing in the Phulera city. The total population of Phulera is 26,091 out of which 13,574 are males and 12,517 are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Phulera is 922. The population of Children of age 0-6 years in Phulera city is 3001 which is 12% of the total population. There are 1633 male children and 1368 female children between the age 0-6 years. Thus as per the Census 2011 the Child Sex Ratio of Phulera is 838 which is less than Average Sex Ratio (922). As per the Census 2011, the literacy rate of Phulera is 86.5%. Thus Phulera has higher literacy rate compared to 75.5% of Jaipur district. The male literacy rate is 83.4% and the female literacy rate is 69.1% in Phulera. Phulera Municipality + Outgrowth have total administration over 4,640 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Municipality + Outgrowth limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

History, Culture and Tourism

38. History: Phulera was a minor Muslim princely state in the days of British India, located in the region of the North West Frontier to the east of the nearby parent princely state of Amb (Tanawal). The territory covered by the state remains part of the present- day Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, as a Union Council of the tehsil of Mansehra. The state was founded in 1828, when Mir Painda Khan, the ruler of Amb, granted the area of Phulera as a small principality to his brother, Madad Khan. There is some uncertainty as to whether Phulera ranked as a full princely state of India before 1919, and until then it may have had the status of a feudatory landed estate or jagir, but it was given British imperial state recognition as Phulra was recognised as a princely state in 1919 and 1921, in the official Imperial Gazetteer of the Indian Empire. Phulera had been under suzerainty of the Maharaja of Kashmir until 1889, when it accepted a British protectorate, entering indirect rule. In 1947, soon after the British had departed from the South Asian subcontinent, the last ruler of Phulera signed an Instrument of Accession to the new Dominion of Pakistan, and Phulera was a princely state of Pakistan from then until September 1950, when it was incorporated into the North West Frontier Province following the death of its last Nawab.

39. Tourism: There is no tourism potential in Phulera town, whereas in Sambhar mainly domestic tourism occurs to visit the famous Sambhar Lake and wildlife sanctuary,

Shakambhari mata temple, Dadu Dayal Ashram, Hazrat Husmuddin Chishti Dargah etc, which attract a large number of tourists from nearby places every year.

Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites

40. The subproject scope includes construction of Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (FSTP) of 20 KLD capacity and development of existing approach road of 500 Meters for accessibility of FSTP from main road. The land for construction of this FSTP is government land which belongs to Municipal Council, Phulera and currently being used as solid waste dumping yard. There are no habitations within 500 mtrs area around the proposed site though some small nonresidential structures are within 200 mtrs from site. There are no trees and shrubs present at site and no wildlife exists. There is no any surface water body within or near the site. Therefore there will be no significant adverse environmental impacts due to proposed works. Photographs of project sites are given in Appendix 14.

IV. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Introduction

41. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended to reduce the impact.

42. Screening of potential environmental impacts are categorized into four categories considering subproject phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre-construction phase), construction phase impacts and operations and maintenance phase impacts.

a. Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection and include loss of on-site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site. b. Design impacts include impacts arising from Investment Program design, including technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. c. Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production. d. O&M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, and occupational health and safety issues.

43. Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude (negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent).

44. This section of the IEE reviews possible project-related impacts, in order to identify issues requiring further attention and screen out issues of no relevance. ADB SPS (2009) requires that impacts and risks will be analyzed during pre-construction, construction, and operational stages in the context of the project’s area of influence.

45. The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for sewerage has been used to screen the project for environmental impacts and to determine the scope of the IEE.

46. In the case of this project (i) most of the individual elements are relatively small and involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant; (ii) most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction process, and are produced because that process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and (iii) being located in an urban area, will not cause direct impact on biodiversity values. The project will be in properties held by the local government and access to the project location is through public rights-of-way and existing roads hence, land acquisition and encroachment on private property will not occur.

Location Impacts:

47. The land for construction of proposed FSTP is government land which belongs to Municipal Council, Phulera and currently being used as solid waste dumping yard. There are no habitations within 500 mtrs area around the proposed site though some small non residential structures are within 200 mtrs from site. The approach to FSTP site is by developing an existing road of 500 meters already used my municipal vehicles for disposing municipal solid waste. There are no trees and shrubs present at site and no wildlife exists. There is no any surface water body within or near the site. Therefore there will be no environmental impacts due to proposed works.

Design Impacts:

48. During design phase various factors such as faecal sludge characteristics, quantity being presently generated, climatic conditions, soil characteristics and financial and technical capacity of municipal body were considered. Sludge treatment involves different treatment steps where available techniques can be combined in various ways depending on the existing constraints and the treatment objectives.

49. Faecal sludge can be treated in a variety of ways and there is no single best option considering the widely varying conditions of urban areas. The criteria for short listing options for this project are based on area requirement, treatment efficiency, simplicity in operation and maintenance, reliability and robustness of treatment modules, odour and public nuisance and cost effectiveness of the system at capex and opex levels. On the basis of these factors various suitable and possible technologies such as Unplanted Drying Beds, Planted Drying Bed, Bio Gas Digester and Stabilization Reactors were considered. While designing the sludge drying beds, historical rainfall data have been considered. In phulera total number of rainy days accounts for 25-30 days in last 10 years with maximum rainfall recorded 138 mm/day on 5 July 2010. Design of sludge drying beds has considered the elongated drying time, additional moisture, and freeboard for holding rainwater.

50. For the final treatment combination it is recommended to use a combination of stabilization reactor along with unplanted drying beds to stabilize sludge. A Stabilization Reactor is preferred over a Biogas digester as most of the households’ faecal sludge entering the system will already be partially digested (This is indicated in the samples taken). As a result of this the biogas production in the digester will be very less, around 0.12 m3/kg as compared to 0.35 m3 /kg for wastewater hence proving that the biogas digester is not an effective treatment solution. Looking at the above facts it is also recommended to opt for unplanted drying beds for dewatering sludge as compared to planted drying beds (PDB) as they take up lesser area and are relatively cheaper and provide a reuse potential. As Phulera ULB was also keen on having a co-composting system set up with the FSTP. Hence it is proposed to have a stabilization reactor followed by an unplanted drying bed for the treatment of faecal sludge of Phulera and Sambhar. Therefore design impacts due to

inappropriate technology of treatment, is already addressed during project design. The Dried sludge produced from sludge drying beds will be co-composted with municipal organic waste. In case ULB does not consider for co composting, the dried sludge will be stored in covered sludge storage yard for six months to kill the pathogens and helminths and dispose to land fill after testing for harmful pathogens and helminths.

Construction Impacts:

51. Construction impacts will mainly arise due to excavation and earth transportation and health risk to workers engaged in construction works, no impacts on flora and fauna will be envisaged due to proposed works. There will be no disruption of utilities due to construction works as no utilities exist at site. The potential impacts are negative and short term and can be easily mitigated by good construction practices and mitigation measures. Potential construction impacts are described in following paragraphs.

52. Sources of Materials. Significant amount of gravel, sand, coarse aggregate, and cement will be required for this project. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Use material sources permitted by government3; (ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of PIU; and (iii) Submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials

53. Air Quality. Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality in the construction sites. Anticipated impacts include dusts and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons. These however will be temporary limiting to construction activities only. To mitigate the impacts, construction contractors will be required to:

(i) Consult with PIU/Consultant on the designated areas for stockpiling of, soils, gravel, and other construction materials; (ii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled material on site by water sprinkling; (iii) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; (iv) Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site (v) Don't allow access in the work area except workers to limit soil disturbance and prevent access by barricading and security personnel (vi) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operating correctly. For other vehicles and equipments, contractor will submit PUC certificate to PIU before deployment at site. (vii) Obtain, CTE and CTO for batching plant, hot mix plant, crushers etc. if specifically established for this project. (viii) If contractor is purchasing ready mix concrete, asphalt/macadam and aggregates from third party, contractor will assure that all the parties/ suppliers are having CTE/CTO from RPCB and will collect the copy of these certificates and submit to PIU/consultants (ix) Conduct Air Quality Monitoring on quarterly basis and submit report to PIU/Consultants

3 CTE and CTO will be required for batching plant, hot mix plant, crushers etc. if specifically established for this project. If contractor is purchasing raw material or ready mix concrete, asphalt/macadam and aggregates from third party, he has to be assured that third party is having CTE/CTO from RPCB and should collect the copy of these and submit to PIU/consultants

54. Noise and Vibration Levels. Construction works will be conducted in designated site only i.e. at FSTP in Phulera urban area, where there are no residential or commercial activities. Central Jail Phulera is the only establishment, which is present near the site. Other sensitive receptors are not present near the site which may be affected due to construction activities. Nevertheless, the construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Plan activities so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; (ii) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimise sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. Contractor is required to have portable hand held noise level meter to measure the sound level during construction works and operation of vehicle and equipment. (v) Conduct noise monitoring/ inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

55. Occupational Health and Safety. Workers need to be mindful of the occupational hazards which can arise from working in height and excavation works. Potential impacts are negative and long-term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Comply with all national, state and local labor laws (see Appendix 7); (ii) Develop and implement site-specific occupational health and safety (OH&S) Plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use personal protective equipment; (c) OH&S Training 4 for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; (iii) Ensure that qualified first-aider is present at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; (iv) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; (v) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; (vi) The project area experiences extreme temperature during summer months of April and May, which may affect the health of workers engaged in construction work. Contractor should take necessary measures during summers including the following: a. Work schedule should be adjusted to avoid peak temperature hours (12 – 3 PM) b. Provide appropriate shade near the work place; allow periodic resting and provide adequate water c. Provide necessary medicine and facilities to take care of dehydration related health issues

4 Some of the key areas that may be covered during training as they relate to the primary causes of accidents include (i) slips, trips and falls; (ii) personal protective equipment; (iii) ergonomics, repetitive motion, and manual handling; (iv) workplace transport; and (v) legislation and responsibilities. Training can provide the foundations of competence but it does not necessarily result in a competent worker. Therefore, it is essential to assess staff competence to ensure that the training provided is relevant and effective. Supervision and monitoring arrangements shall be in place to ensure that training has been effective and the worker is competent at their job. The level of supervision and monitoring required is a management decision that shall be based on the risks associated with the job, the level of competence required, the experience of the individual and whether the worker works as part of a team or is a lone worker.

(vii) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (viii) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (ix) Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (x) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; (xi) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (xii) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xiii) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (xiv) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively.

56. Work Camps. Operation of work camps can cause temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants. Potential impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The proposed site of FSTP is within the site of solid waste management site campus; therefore workers camp should not be established at this site. Therefore for establishment of workers camp, other location should be considered and the construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Consult PIU/consultants before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; (ii) Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; (iii) Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities for employees; (iv) Ensure conditions of liveability at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times; (v) Provide clean fuel such as kerosene, LPG, Solar cooker, electric heaters for cooking food in worker camps, disallow use of fuel wood for cooking food; (vi) Provide mosquito prevention and control in worker camps; (vii) Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of trees for firewood; (viii) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; (ix) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (x) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (xi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and (xii) Request PMU to report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

57. Debris disposal. Prior to the commencement of works, contractor shall identify a debris disposal site in consultation with the PIU and Consultant. Contractor will follow all the

prescribed rules 5 during construction and adhering to following criteria (including but not limited to) :

(i) The site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, top-soil stripping, stacking and preservation should be undertaken prior to initiation of any activities. (ii) Debris disposal site shall be at least 200 m away from surface water bodies.6 (iii) No residential areas shall be located within 100 m downwind side of the site. (iv) The site is minimum 250 m. away from sensitive locations like hospitals, religious places, ponds/lakes or other water bodies. (i) The local governing body and community shall be consulted while selecting the site. (ii) Excess earth, dismantled materials and solid waste shall be disposed as per provisions of Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 and Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016

Operation and Maintenance Impacts:

58. Construction contractor shall also be responsible for Operation and Maintenance of the FSTP for 5 years, under the control of Phulera Municipal Board. The system have a design life of 15/30 years, during which shall not require major repairs or refurbishments and should operate with little maintenance beyond routine actions required to keep the system in working order. The stability and integrity of the system will be monitored periodically to detect any problems and allow remedial action if required. Any repairs will be small-scale involving manual, temporary, and short-term works involving regular checking and recording of performance for signs of deterioration, servicing and replacement of parts.

59. Improper disposal of dried sludge and silts removed from FSTP could cause inconvenience to public. Dried Sludge and silts shall be collected in trucks and transported to the approved disposal site and or can be used in other ways such as covering material for wastes being for landfill, use as manure in agriculture, filling of low lying areas etc. Municipal Council will be responsible to explore the beneficial usage of sludge and silts from FSTP.

60. There are also certain environmental risks from the operation of the FSTP, most notably is disposal of untreated faecal material which can damage human health and contaminate both soil and groundwater. It will be imperative therefore that the operating agency establishes a procedure to routinely check the operation and integrity of the FSTP, and to implement rapid and effective repairs where necessary.

61. There is an occupation health risk to workers engaged in FSTP maintenance activities. During cleaning/clearing of FSTP system utmost precautions should be taken for the safety of workers conducting such works. Therefore O&M contractor will be required to-

(i) Ensure that employees and line management understand the risks through proper instruction, training and supervision. (ii) Provide suitable personal protective equipment that may include waterproof / abrasion-resistant gloves, footwear, eye and respiratory protection. Face visors are particularly effective against splashes. Equipment selection and a proper system for inspection and maintenance are important.

5 Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules 2016 (refer appendix 8) 6 In the absence of site meeting the stipulated criteria, an alternate site can be selected specifying the reasons. In such a case, the construction camp management plan should incorporate additional measures specific to the site as suggested by the Construction Manager.

(iii) Provide adequate welfare facilities, including clean water, soap, nail brushes, disposable paper towels, and where heavy contamination is foreseeable, showers. (iv) Areas for storage of clean and contaminated equipment should be segregated and separate from eating facilities. (v) Provide adequate first-aid equipment, including clean water or sterile wipes for cleansing wounds, and a supply of sterile, waterproof, adhesive dressings. (vi) Make effective arrangements for monitoring the health of staff. (vii) Keep emergency preparedness plan ready before start the work of sewage system cleaning

62. Detail operation and maintenance plan is given in Appendix 13.

63. The citizens of the Sambhar and Phulera will be the major beneficiaries of the improved septage management, as they will be provided with a scientific way of treatment and disposal of faecal sludge. In addition to improved environmental conditions, the project will improve the over-all health condition of the town as diseases related to poor sanitation (unhygienic disposal of faecal sludge) will be reduced. This should improve the environment, should deliver major improvements in individual and community health and well-being. Diseases of poor sanitation, such as diarrhea and dysentery, should be reduced, so people should spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health.

V. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE Overview

64. The active participation of stakeholders including local community, NGOs/CBOs, and the media in all stages of project preparation and implementation is essential for successful implementation and as well as operation of the project. It will ensure that the subprojects are designed, constructed, and operated with utmost consideration to local needs, ensures community acceptance, and will bring maximum benefits to the people. Public consultation and information disclosure is a must as per the ADB policy.

65. A three tier consultation process has been adopted for RUSDP: focus group discussions, primary household sample surveys and a town-level stakeholder consultation workshop. Most of the main stakeholders have already been identified and consulted during preparation of detail project report and IEE, and any others that are identified during project implementation will be brought into the process in the future. Primary stakeholders of the subproject are: residents, government and utility agencies responsible for provision of services, Sambhar and Phulera Nagar Parishad, Forest Department and Rajasthan Pollution Control Board. Secondary stakeholder are: NGOs and CBOs working in the area, community representatives, beneficiary community in general, government agencies, the executing and implementing agencies (LSGD and RUIDP), Government of India and the ADB.

Public Consultation

66. The public consultation and disclosure program is a continuous process throughout the project implementation, including project planning, design and construction. Detail household survey and Stakeholder consultations were also done in planning phase by consultants. Details of stakeholder consultations are given in Appendix 9.

Consultation during Project Preparation

67. Institutional consultations were conducted with the Governmental Departments such as Local Self Government Department, Pollution Control Board, Sambhar and Phulera Nagar Parishad, etc in various stages of project planning and design. The project proposals are formulated in consultation with Sambhar and Phulera Nagar Parishad and the proposals were finalized after certification of Commissioners of Sambhar and Phulera Municipal Councils, that the proposals suit the requirements of the ULB.

68. Focus-group discussions with residents and operators of present sewage collection and disposal system were conducted to learn their views and concerns. A detail household survey has been conducted in the town, covering sample households, to understand the household characteristics, health status, and the infrastructure service levels, and also the demand for infrastructure services.

69. It was observed that people are willing to extend their cooperation as the proposed activities are proposed to enhance the infrastructure service levels and the living standard of the public. The public expressed their concern regarding the nuisance and disturbance due to present conditions of sewage collection and disposal system which have impact on their day to day activities. Public demanded for improvement in existing sewage system in both the towns. Public opined that an appropriate operation and maintenance system should be in place, especially for sewerage system, for its best functioning and to have the maximum health and aesthetic benefits.

70. Several stakeholder consultations were done in Sambhar and Phulera Towns with concerned Municipal Board officials at different stages of project preparation and planning. A brief of these consultations are given in below Table 3-

Table-3: Stakeholders consultations during planning stage S.No. Date of Stakeholders involved Purpose of consultations consultation 1 03.04.2017 Executive Officers of Municipal Introduction to project and Boards of Phulera and Sambhar description of technologies for septage management proposed 2 05.04.2017 Patwaris and desludging vehicle Status of land availability for operators of both towns FSTP and status of existing system of collection and disposal of faecal sludge 3 24.04.2017 Executive Officers of Municipal Status of sanitation in both Boards of Phulera and Sambhar towns and NOC for FSTP land 4 09.05.2017 Executive Officer of Municipal Board Status of sanitation facilities in of Sambhar Sambhar 5 12.05.2017 Residents of Sambhar Primary survey of households in Sambhar 6 16.05.2017 Residents of Phulera Primary survey of households in Phulera 7 26.05.2017 Executive Officers of Municipal Discussion about city level Boards of Phulera and Sambhar septage management 8 26.05.2017 Desludging machine operators in Current practices of desluding- Phulera collection and disposal 9 30.05.2017 National Institute of Urban Affairs Capacity Building and Awareness Generation Program for the various stakeholders of FSSM 10 02.06.2017 Executive Officer of Phulera Discussion on regulations of septage management 11 09.06.2017 Chairman, Executive Officer and To explain methodology,

Councilleors of Phulera Municipal regulations of septagement Board management and final approval of ULB for proposed FSTP 12 19.06.2017 Chairman, Executive Officer, Junior To get the approval of the Engineer and ward councilors of regulations from board Phulera Municipal board members 13 23.06.2017 Mr. Radhey Shyam, Plant Manager, To discuss the methodology and Rajasthan Gau Seva Sangh, Jaipur technologies related to composting 14 24.02.2018 Mr. Sanjay Kumar, L.B.S. Colony Existing conditions of sewerage, Mr. Mahesh Kumawat, L.B. S. water supply, septage Colony management, solid waste Mr. Bhuman Lal Tripathi, Adarsh management, disposal of sludge Colony from septic tank Ms. Laxmi and Rajehdra, Adarsh Colony Residents from Phulera Town

71. The feedback and concerns of the stakeholders were taken into consideration during project design. Details of these stakeholder consultations are given in Appendix 9.

Consultation during construction

72. Prior to start of construction, contractor and consultants will conduct information dissemination sessions at town and solicit the help of the local community leaders/prominent citizens to encourage the participation of the people to discuss various environmental issues. At each ward/neighborhood level, focus group meetings will be conducted to discuss and plan construction work with local communities to reduce disturbance and other impacts, and provide a mechanism through which stakeholders can participate in project monitoring and evaluation.

73. A constant communication will be established with the residents and communities to redress the environmental issues likely to surface during construction and operational phases and also regarding the grievance redress mechanism. Municipal Board and consultants will organize public meetings and will appraise the communities about the progress on the implementation of EMP. Meeting will also be organized at the potential hotspots/sensitive locations before and during the construction.

Information Disclosure

74. Executive summary of the IEE will be translated in the local language and made available at the offices of Municipal Board offices of both towns and RUIDP PMU office. Copies of summary will be provided to participants of city level workshop to be organized in Phulera and Sambhar. Hard copies of the IEE will be accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. Electronic version of the IEE in English and Executive Summary in Hindi will be placed in the official website of the RUIDP after approval by Government and ADB. Stakeholders will also be made aware of grievance register and redress mechanism.

75. Public disclosure meetings will be conducted at key project stages to inform the public of progress and future plans. Prior to start of construction, the Municipal Boards of both the towns will issue Notification on the start date of implementation in local newspapers A board showing the details of the project will be displayed at the construction site for the information of general public.

VI. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism

76. A project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been established to receive, evaluate, and facilitate the resolution of stakeholders’ concerns, complaints, and grievances about the social and environmental performance at the level of the project. The GRM will aim to provide a time-bound and transparent mechanism to record and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to the project.

77. Common GRM. A common GRM will be in place for social, environmental, or any other grievances related to the project. The GRM will provide an accessible and trusted platform for receiving and facilitating resolution of affected persons’ grievances related to the project. The multi-tier GRM for the project is outlined below, each tier having time-bound schedules and with responsible persons identified to address grievances and seek appropriate persons’ advice at each stage, as required.

78. People will have the flexibility of conveying grievances/suggestions by dropping grievance redress/suggestion forms in complaints/suggestion boxes will be installed by project ULB/ PMU or by e-mail, by post, or by writing in a complaints register in ULB/PMU offices. Appendix 12 has the sample grievance registration form. Careful documentation of the name of the complainant, date of receipt of the complaint, address/contact details of the person, location of the problem area, and how the problem was resolved will be undertaken. The PMU Project Officers (Environment & Social) will have the overall responsibility for timely grievance redress respectively on environmental and social safeguards issues and for registration of grievances, related disclosure, and communication with the aggrieved party through the ULB and contractor.

Grievance Redress Process

79. In case of grievances that are immediate and urgent in the perception of the complainant, the contractor, and supervision personnel from consultant team on-site will provide the most easily accessible or first level of contact for quick resolution of grievances. Contact phone numbers and names of the concerned contractor will be posted at construction site at visible locations.

(i) 1st level grievance. The contractors, Consultants supervision personnel can immediately resolve issues on-site in consultation with each other and will be required to do so within 3 days of receipt of a complaint/grievance.

(ii) 2nd level grievance. All grievances that cannot be redressed within 3 days at field/ward level will be brought to the notice of respective Project Officers (Environment/Social) of PMU. PMU PO will resolve the grievance within 7 days of receipt of compliance/grievance in discussion with the Consultant and the Contractor.

(iii) 3rd level grievance. All the grievances that are not addressed by PMU within in 7 days of receipt will be brought to the notice of notice of the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) set up at PMU. GRC will meet once a month and determine the merit of each grievance brought to the committee. The GRC will resolve the grievance within 15 days of receiving the complaint.

(iv) 4th level grievance. Very major issues that are beyond the jurisdictional authority of the GRC or those that have the potential to cause social conflicts

or environmental damage or those that remain unresolved at PMU/GRC level, will be referred to the Empowered Committee (EC). All decisions taken by the GRC and EC will be communicated to the APs by the PMU.

80. The project GRM notwithstanding, an aggrieved person shall have access to the country's legal system at any stage, and accessing the country's legal system can run parallel to accessing the GRM and is not dependent on the negative outcome of the GRM. Alternatively, if the grievance is related to land acquisition, resettlement & rehabilitation, the APs can approach the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority (LARRA). As per the latest Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act, 2013, the state government will have to establish the LARRA to address grievances in implementation of LARRA.

81. In the event that the established GRM is not in a position to resolve the issue, the affected person also can use the ADB Accountability Mechanism through directly contacting (in writing) the Complaint Receiving Officer (CRO) at ADB headquarters or the ADB India Resident Mission (INRM). The complaint can be submitted in any of the official languages of ADB’s DMCs. The ADB Accountability Mechanism information will be included in the PID to be distributed to the affected communities, as part of the project GRM.

VII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Environmental Management Plan

82. The purpose of the environmental management plan (EMP) is to ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible, non-detrimental manner with the objectives of: (i) providing a proactive, feasible, and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on-site; (ii) guiding and controlling the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the project; (iii) detailing specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the project; and (iv) ensuring that safety recommendations are complied with.

83. A copy of the EMP must be kept at work sites at all times. This EMP will be included in the bid documents and will be further reviewed and updated during implementation. The EMP will be made binding on all contractors operating on the site and will be included in the contractual clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.

84. For civil works, the contractor will be required to (i) establish an operational system for managing environmental impacts (ii) carry out all of the monitoring and mitigation measures set forth in the EMP; and (iii) implement any corrective or preventative actions set out in safeguards monitoring reports that the employer will prepare from time to time to monitor implementation of this IEE and EMP. The contractor shall allocate budget for compliance with these EMP measures, requirements and actions.

85. The Table 4, Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7 show the potential environmental impacts, proposed mitigation measures and responsible agencies for implementation and monitoring.

Table 4: Design Stage Environmental Management Plan Responsible for Cost and Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Implementation/ Source of Monitoring Funds Faecal Sludge Inefficient sludge treatment (i) Choose appropriate technology/process of PMU/Consultant PMU Treatment Plant treated effluent characteristics not sewage treatment (FSTP) satisfying the CPCB/RPCB (ii) Treated effluent should meet the criteria set standards by RPCB/CPCB Requirement of Tree cutting may result loss of (i) sites should be selected so that minimum tree PMU/Consultant PMU tree cutting aesthetics and increase in air cutting is required pollution (ii) project documents should be include the minimum tree cutting provisions Location impacts of Nearby community may be (i) sites should be selected so that nearby PMU/Consultant PMU proposed affected due to increased pollution community may have no or minimum impact due components during construction and operation to proposed works Reuse and/or Inappropriate disposal of treated (i) during planning phase, suggest appropriate PMU/Consultant PMU disposal of treated effluent and sludge can cause technology for efficient treatment and reuse of sludge and effluent nuisance, reuse will positively treated effluent and sludge and if reuse is not affect environmental conditions of possible, appropriate disposal should be town considered

Table 5: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Pre-Construction Responsible Responsible for Cost and Source of Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures for Implementation Funds monitoring Compliance with Environmental Compliance with environmental Consultant and PMU No costs required environmental impacts due to subproject selection criteria PMU subproject selection subproject criteria Construction work Ambient air, noise, (i) Prioritize areas nearest possible Contractor to PMU No cost required. camps, hot mix water and soil vacant space of the project location; finalize locations plants, stockpile pollution due to consider sites that will not promote in consultation Mitigation measures areas, storage construction camps instability and result in destruction of and approval of should be part of areas, and disposal and labor camps, property, vegetation, irrigation, and ULB contractual terms areas. damage to natural drinking water supply systems; resources (ii) The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent his workmen removing and damaging any trees (for

Responsible Responsible for Cost and Source of Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures for Implementation Funds monitoring firewood)/vegetation/hunting animals; contractor will be severely penalized for these activities (iii) Do not consider residential areas; (vi) Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to water body which will cause water pollution. (vii) For excess spoil disposal, ensure (a) site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, written consent from landowners (not lessees) will be obtained; (b) debris disposal site shall be at least 200 m away from surface water bodies; (c) no residential areas shall be located within 50 m downwind side of the site; and (d) site is minimum 250 m away from sensitive locations like settlements, ponds/lakes or other water bodies. Sources of Materials Extraction of (i) Prioritize sites already permitted Contractor to PMU No cost required. materials can disrupt by the Department of Mines and prepare list of natural land contours Geology approved quarry and vegetation (ii) If other sites are necessary, it is sites and sources resulting in contractor’s responsibility to verify of materials with accelerated erosion, the suitability of all material sources the approval of disturbance in natural and to obtain the approval of PMU PMU drainage patterns, and consultants ponding and water (iii) If additional quarries will be logging, and water required after construction is started, pollution. construction contractor to obtain a written approval from PMU. Consents, permits, Failure to obtain (i) Obtain all necessary consents, Consultant and PMU PMU/Contractor clearances, NOCs, necessary consents, permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. (as contractor

Responsible Responsible for Cost and Source of Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures for Implementation Funds monitoring etc. permits, NOCs, etc. per table-1) prior to award/start of can result to design civil works. revisions and/or (ii) Ensure that all necessary stoppage of works approvals for construction to be obtained by contractor are in place before start of construction (iii) Acknowledge in writing and provide report on compliance all obtained consents, permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. (iv) Include in detailed design drawings and documents all conditions and provisions if necessary Testing of To generate the Testing of environmental parameters Contractor Consultant Contractor environmental environmental base through approved RSPCB/NABL parameters of line data monitoring agency ambient air, ambient noise, and ground water quality before commencement of civil works

Table 6: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds Qualified EHS In absence of qualified Depute a qualified EHS officer Contractor PMU Contractor officer to be EHS officer, EHS deputed before implementation will be start of affected during construction construction works EMP Irreversible impact to (i) Project manager and all key workers will be Construction PMU Contractor Implementation the environment, required to undergo EMP implementation Contractor Training workers, and including spoils management, Standard community operating procedures (SOP) for construction

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds works; occupational health and safety (OH&S), core labor laws, applicable environmental laws, etc. Consent to Legal non-compliance Ensure to obtain CTE from RPCB for FSTP Contractor PMU PMU/Contractor Establish for under Water Act 1974 and follow the conditions of consent FSTP from RPCB Air Quality Emissions from (i) Consult with ULB/consultants on the Construction PMU Contractor construction vehicles, designated areas for stockpiling of clay, soils, Contractor equipment, and gravel, and other construction materials; machinery used for (iii) Damp down exposed soil and any installation of pipelines stockpiled material on site by water sprinkling resulting to dusts and necessary during dry weather; increase in (iv) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other concentration of loose material when transported by trucks; vehicle-related and pollutants such as (v) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery carbon monoxide, with air pollution control devices which are sulfur oxides, operating correctly and obtain PUC for particulate matter, vehicles and equipment nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons. (vi)Testing of ambient air quality during construction stage (three times a year except monsoon period)

Surface water Mobilization of settled (i) Prepare and implement a spoils Construction PMU Cost for quality silt materials, and management plan (Appendix 8) Contractor implementation chemical (ii) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially of mitigation contamination from during the monsoon season unless covered measures fuels and lubricants at by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; responsibility of construction site, (ii) Install temporary silt traps or contractor. construction camps sedimentation basins along the drainage and storage yards can leading to the water bodies; contaminate nearby (iii) Place storage areas for fuels and surface water quality. lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (iv) Dispose any wastes generated by work in

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds designated sites; and (v) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

(vi) Testing of ground water quality during construction stage (three times a year except monsoon period)

Noise Levels Increase in noise level (i) Plan activities in consultation with Construction PMU Cost for due to earth-moving consultants/ULB so that activities with the Contractor implementation and excavation greatest potential to generate noise are of mitigation equipment, and the conducted during periods of the day which will measures transportation of result in least disturbance; responsibility of equipment, materials, (ii) Horns should not be used unless it is contractor. and people necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and portable street barriers the sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dbA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s and conduct noise quality monitoring as per EMP (three times a year except monsoon period) Landscape and Impacts due to excess (i) Prepare and implement spoils Construction PMU Cost for aesthetics excavated earth, management plan (Appendix 8); Contractor implementation excess construction (ii) Avoid stockpiling of excess excavated of mitigation materials, and solid soils; measures waste such as (iii) Coordinate with ULB for beneficial uses of responsibility of removed concrete, excess excavated soils or immediately contractor. wood, packaging dispose to designated areas; materials, empty (iv) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds containers, spoils, oils, or remove from the sites; lubricants, and other (v) Manage solid waste according to the similar items. following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (vi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and

Land use Environmental Issues The impact due to change in land use will be Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable due to land use negligible due to this project. change Socio-Economic - Generation of (i) Employ at least 50% of the labour force, or Construction PMU Cost for Employment temporary to the maximum extent, local persons within Contractor implementation employment and the 2-km immediate area if manpower is of mitigation increase in local available; measures revenue (ii) Secure construction materials from local responsibility of market. contractor. (iii) Comply with labor laws Occupational Occupational hazards (i) Comply with all national, state and local Construction PMU Cost for Health and Safety which can arise during core labor laws (see Appendix 7 of this IEE) Contractor implementation work (ii) Develop and implement site-specific of mitigation occupational health and safety (OH&S) Plan measures which will include measures such as: (a) responsibility of excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all contractor. workers are provided with and use personal protective equipment like helmet, gumboot, safety belt, gloves, nose mask and ear plugs; (c) OH&S Training for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work- related accidents; (ii) Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; (iii) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers;

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds (iv) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; (v) The project area experiences extreme temperature during summer months of April and May, which may affect the health of workers engaged in construction work. Contractor should take necessary measures during summers including the following: (a) work schedule should be adjusted to avoid peak temperature hours (12 – 3 PM); (b) provide appropriate shade near the work place; allow periodic resting and provide adequate water, and (c) provide necessary medicine and facilities to take care of dehydration related health issues (v) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (vi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii) Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (viii) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; (ix) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (x) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xi) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; (xii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 80 dBA for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively; and (xiii) Provide proper solid and liquid waste management program in the workers’ campsites, separate from spoils and debris disposal, as their presence can add to existing waste volume at the project sites Community Traffic accidents and (i) Plan routes to avoid times of peak- Construction PMU Cost for Health and vehicle collision with pedestrian activities. Contractor implementation Safety. pedestrians during (ii) Liaise with PIU/ULB in identifying high-risk of mitigation material and waste areas on route cards/maps. measures transportation (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of responsibility of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize contractor. potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. (iv) Provide barricades around excavations and hazardous areas; Construction of Deterioration of soil (i) Preparation of Bitumen mix at site will not Construction PMU Cost for Bitumen road quality due to be allowed Contractor implementation contamination by (ii) Procure Bitumen ready mix of required mix of mitigation bitumen design from only hot mix plant, which is measures Air Pollution due to authorized from Pollution Control Board responsibility of plant operation contractor. Work Camps and Temporary air and (i) Consult with ULB before locating project Construction PMU Cost for worksites noise pollution from offices, sheds, and construction plants; Contractor implementation machine operation, (ii) Minimize removal of vegetation and of mitigation water pollution from disallow cutting of trees; measures storage and use of (iii) Provide drinking water, water for other responsibility of

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds fuels, oils, solvents, uses, and sanitation facilities for employees; contractor. and lubricants (iv) Ensure conditions of liveability at work camps are maintained at the highest Unsanitary and poor standards possible at all times; living conditions for Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and workers cutting of trees for firewood; (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; (vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Ensure unauthorized persons especially children are not allowed in any worksite at any given time. Social and Risk of archaeological (i) Strictly follow the protocol for chance finds Construction PMU Cost for Cultural chance finds in any excavation work; Contractor implementation Resources (ii) Request PIU or any authorized person of mitigation with archaeological field training to observe measures excavation; responsibility of (iii) Stop work immediately to allow further contractor. investigation if any finds are suspected; (iv) Inform PIU if a find is suspected, and take any action they require ensuring its removal or protection in situ. Submission of Unsatisfactory (i) Appointment of EHS officer to ensure EMP Construction PMU Cost for EMP compliance to EMP implementation contractor implementation implementation (ii) Timely submission of monitoring reports of mitigation report including pictures measures responsibility of contractor. Post-construction Damage due to debris, (i) Remove all spoils wreckage, rubbish etc. Construction PMU Cost for clean-up spoils, excess which are no longer required; and Contractor implementation construction materials (ii) The area that previously housed the of mitigation construction camp is to be checked for spills measures

Cost and Responsible Responsibility Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation of Monitoring Funds of substances such as oil, paint, etc. and responsibility of these shall be cleaned up. contractor. (iii) All hardened surfaces within the construction camp area shall be ripped, all imported materials removed, and the area shall be top soiled and regressed using the guidelines set out in the re-vegetation specification that forms part of this document. (iv) The contractor must arrange the cancellation of all temporary services.

Table 7: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation Cost and Responsible Monitoring of Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation Mitigation Funds Health and safety Risk of health of workers Provide all the personal protective O&M PMU/ULB O&M risk of all workers working in FSTP operation and equipment like gum boots, nose mask, eye Contractor Contractor at FSTP maintenance, workers may protection, gloves etc. for the protection of suffer infectious diseases due workers as per O&M plan (Appendix 13) to faecal matters Efficient working Inefficient working of FSTP Follow O&M manual and ensure all the O&M PMU/ULB O&M of FSTP may cause poor quality of components are maintained as per Contractor Contractor treatment and resulting under specifications treatment of waste water and sludge and may cause environment, health and safety risk to workers and environment Compliance of Legal non compliance Follow all the conditions of CTO and submit O&M PMU/ULB O&M conditions of compliance report periodically to RPCB Contractor Contractor Consent to Operate from RPCB for FSTP Reuse and Environmental hazard and Prepare plan of reuse of treated effluent and O&M PMU/ULB O&M disposal of health risk to workers and sludge in consultation with ULB and if reuse Contractor Contractor

Cost and Responsible Monitoring of Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Source of for Mitigation Mitigation Funds treated effluent other people is not feasible safe disposal should be and sludge from ensured FSTP O & M of Poor approach in case of Periodic Maintenance of Approach Road as O & M PMU/ULB O & M Constructed Deterioration of Road during per Specification Contractor Contractor Approach Road time Testing of Odour and gaseous during Twice in a year O & M PMU/ULB O & M Ambient air operation stages Contractor Contractor quality (SO2)

Detail O&M Plan is attached as Appendix 13.

Appendix 3 46

Institutional Requirements

115. Government.The Local Self Government Department (LSGD) of Government of Rajasthan will be the Executing Agency (EA) and existing RUIDP will be the Implementing Agency (IA). The LSGD will be responsible for overall strategic planning, guidance and management of the RUSDP, and for ensuring compliance with tranche release conditions and loan covenants. A policy support unit will be established in the LSGD to support the government for implementation of the tranche release policy actions under the project loan. The RUIDP will be responsible for planning, implementation, monitoring and supervision, and coordination of all activities under the RUSDP. RUIDP has appointed consultant for project planning and design, which will prepare detail project report and bid documents and will further appoint construction contractor to build infrastructure. Once the infrastructure is built and commissioned, the construction contractor shall be responsible for its O&M for 5 years under ULB. After 5 years of O&M period Urban Local Body will operate and maintain the infrastructure.

116. Project Officer (Environment) at PMU will be responsible for environment management and monitoring activities.

117. At state-level an inter-ministerial Empowered Committee (EC) is established to provide overall policy direction. EC will provide approval for the projects and recommend to Government for providing administrative sanction for the sub-projects.

118. A basic two-tier institutional structure is being proposed for Sambhar and Phulera Municipal Boards to oversee the planning, implementation and monitoring of FSSM operations. The City Sanitation Committee shall be the decision making body while the City sanitation Cell will be the operational and implementation wing. The two Municipal Boards should have independent Committees and Cells for operation of FSSM in their jurisdiction. Treatment plant will be under Phulera committee, which will be responsible for functioning of treatment plant. Operation and maintenance of the treatment plant shall be borne by Phulera Municipal Board. Phulera will take the benefits of income from treatment plant, if any.

119. Contractor. The contractor shall appoint an Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Officer who will be responsible on a day-to-day basis for (i) ensuring implementation of EMP, (ii) coordinating with the PMU and ULB (iii) community liaison, consultations with interested/affected parties, and grievance redress; and (iv) reporting. Requirement of EHS Officer will be included in the bid documents.

120. The following figure and Table 8 summarizes the institutional responsibility of environmental safeguards at all stages of the project.

Table 8: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities

Responsible Responsibility Agency Pre-Construction Stage Construction Stage Post-Construction Project Officer (i) Review REA checklists and (i) Over-all environmental Compliance (Environment), assign categorization based on safeguards compliance of monitoring to review PMU ADB SPS 2009 the project the environmental (ii) Review and approve IEE (ii) Monitor and ensure performance of (iii) Submit IEE to ADB for compliance of EMPs as project component, if approval and disclosure in well as any other required and as ADB website environmental provisions specified in EMP (iv) Ensure approved IEEs are and conditions. disclosed in RUIDP, PMU (iii) Review monthly websites and summary posted monitoring report in public areas accessible and (iv) Prepare and submit to understandable by local ADB semi-annual people. monitoring reports (v) Ensure environmental (v) If necessary prepare management plans (EMPs) Corrective Action Plan and are included in the bid ensure implementation of documents and contracts corrective actions to ensure (vi) Organize an orientation no environmental impacts; workshop for all staff involved (vi) Review and submit in the project implementation Corrective Action Plans to on (a) ADB SPS, (b) ADB Government of India national, (vii) Organize capacity state, and local environmental building programs on laws and regulations, (c) core environmental safeguards labor standards, (d) OH&S, (e) (viii) Coordinate with EMP implementation national and state level especially spoil management, government agencies working in congested areas, (ix) Assist in addressing public relations and ongoing any grievances brought consultations, grievance about through the redress, etc. Grievance Redress (vii) Assist in addressing any Mechanism in a timely grievances brought about manner as per the IEEs through the Grievance (ix) Coordinate ULB, Redress Mechanism in a consultants and contractors timely manner as per the IEEs on mitigation measures (viii) Organize an induction involving the community course for the training of and affected persons and contractors preparing them on ensure that environmental EMP implementation, concerns and suggestions environmental monitoring are incorporated and requirements related to implemented mitigation measures; and taking immediate actions to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation. (ix) Ensure compliance with all government rules and regulations regarding site and

Responsible Responsibility Agency Pre-Construction Stage Construction Stage Post-Construction environmental clearances as well as any other environmental requirements (x) Assist PMU to document and develop good practice construction guidelines to assist the contractors in implementing the provisions of IEE. (xi) Assist in the review of the contractors’ implementation plans to ensure compliance with the IEE. Municipal Boards (i) Review and approval of (i) Monitor EMP (ULB) project design and contract implementation documents including IEE/EMP (ii) Recommend corrective (ii) Ensure IEE/EMP is action measures for non- included in bid documents compliance by contractors (iii) Ensure contractor is in consultation with PMU deputed qualified and (iii) Review of monitoring experienced EHS personnel in reports submitted by the team contractors (iv) Assist contractor in addressing any grievances brought about through the Grievance Redress Mechanism in a timely manner as per the IEEs Consultant (i) Assist PMU in preparation (i) Assist PMU and ULB in of REA checklists and IEEs monitoring of EMP (ii) Assist PMU in obtaining all implementation necessary clearances, permits, consents, NOCs, etc. Ensure provisions and conditions are incorporated in the IEE and detailed design documents. (iii) Assist in ensuring IEE is included in bid documents and contract agreements. Assist in determining adequacy of cost for EMP implementation. (iv) Assist in addressing any concern related to IEE and EMP. (v) Assist in summarizing IEE and translating to language understood by local people. Contractors (i) Prepare EHS plan and take (i) Implement EMP. (i) Ensure EMP post- approval from PMU/ULB and (ii) Implement corrective construction Ensure EMP implementation actions if necessary. requirements are cost is included in the (iii) Prepare and submit satisfactorily methodology. monitoring reports including complied (ii) Provide EMP pictures to PMU/ULB implementation orientation to (iv) Comply with all

Responsible Responsibility Agency Pre-Construction Stage Construction Stage Post-Construction all workers prior to deployment applicable legislation, is to worksites conversant with the (iv) Seek approval for camp requirements of the EMP; sites and sources of materials. (v) Brief his staff, (v) Ensure copy of IEE is employees, and labourer available at worksites. about the requirements of Summary of IEE is translated the EMP and provide to language understood by environmental awareness workers and posted at visible training to staff, employees, places at all times. and labourers; (vi) Ensure any sub- contractors/ suppliers who are utilized within the context of the contract comply with all requirements of the EMP. The Contractor will be held responsible for non- compliance on their behalf; (vii) Bear the costs of any damages/compensation resulting from non- adherence to the EMP or written site instructions; (viii) Ensure that PMU and ULB are timely informed of any foreseeable activities related to EMP implementation. (vi) Address any grievances brought about through the Grievance Redress Mechanism in a timely manner as per the IEEs

Training Needs

121. The following Table 9 presents the outline of capacity building program to ensure EMP implementation. The estimated cost is Rs.275,000 (excluding trainings of contractors which will be part of EMP implementation cost during construction) to be covered by the project’s capacity building program. The detailed cost and specific modules will be customized for the available skill set after assessing the capabilities of the target participants and the requirements of the project by the ESS of PMDSC.

Table 9: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation Target Cost and Description Participants& Estimate (INR) Source of Venue Funds 1. Introduction and Sensitization to All staff and INR 100,000 PMU cost Environmental Issues (1 day) consultants involved (Lump sum) - ADB Safeguards Policy Statement in the project - Government of India and Rajasthan

Target Cost and Description Participants& Estimate (INR) Source of Venue Funds applicable safeguard laws, regulations and At PMU, Jaipur policies including but not limited to core labor standards, OH&S, etc. - Incorporation of EMP into the project design and contracts - Monitoring, reporting and corrective action planning 2. EMP implementation (2 days) All staff and INR 50,000 PMU cost - Roles and responsibilities consultants involved (Lump sum) - OH&S planning and implementation in the Town - Wastes management (water, hazardous, subproject solid, excess construction materials, spoils, etc.) All contractors prior - Working in congested areas, to award of contract - Public relations - Consultations - Grievance redress - Monitoring and corrective action planning - Reporting and disclosure - Post-construction planning 3. Plans and Protocols (1 day) All staff and Lump sum PMU cost - Construction site standard operating consultants involved INR 25,000 procedures (SOP) in the project (Lump sum) - Site-specific EMP Contractors - Spoils management plan Lump sum cost as - Waste management plan All contractors prior INR 25,000 compliance to - Chance find protocol to award of contract (Lump sum) contract - O&M plans or during mobilization provisions on - Post-construction plan stage. EMP implementation (refer to EMP tables) 4. Experiences and best practices sharing All staff and INR 100,000 PMU Cost - Experiences on EMP implementation consultants involved (Lump sum) - Issues and challenges in the project - Best practices followed All contractors At PMU Jaipur 5. Contractors Orientation to Workers on All workers (including Lump sum Contractors EMP implementation (OH&S, core labor manual laborers) of INR 25,000 cost as laws, spoils management, etc.) the contractor prior to (Lump sum) compliance to dispatch to worksite contract provisions on EMP implementation (refer to EMP tables) Summary of Capacity Building cost for EMP Implementation

Contractor Cost - INR 50,000 PMU Cost - INR 275,000 Total - INR 325,000

Monitoring and Reporting

122. Prior to commencement of the work, the contractor will submit a compliance report to PMU ensuring that all identified pre-construction environmental impact mitigation measures as detailed in the EMP will be undertaken. PMU will review the report and thereafter PMU will allow commencement of works.

123. During construction, results from internal monitoring by the contractor will be reflected in their monthly EMP implementation reports to the PMU/ULB and PO, PMU will review and advise contractors for corrective actions if necessary. Monthly report summarizing compliance and corrective measures taken will be prepared by contractor with support of consultants and submitted to PMU. Format of monthly reporting is attached as Appendix 10.

124. Periodic site inspection will be done by supervision consultants and shall be reported in format attached as Appendix 11 to PMU for compliance of environmental safeguards of contractor.

125. Based on monthly reports and measurements, PMU will draft, review, and submit to ADB, 6-monthly (twice a year) EMP implementation progress report. Once concurrence from the ADB is received the report will be disclosed in the Project website.

126. ADB will review project performance against the RUSDP commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB's monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system.

EMP Implementation Cost

127. Most of the mitigation measures require the contractors to adopt good site practice, which should be part of their normal procedures already, so there are unlikely to be major costs associated with compliance. Regardless of this, any costs of mitigation by the construction contractors or consultants are included in the budgets for the civil works and do not need to be estimated separately here. Mitigation that is the responsibility of PMU/ULB will be provided as part of their management of the project, so this also does not need to be duplicated here. Cost for the capacity building program is included as part of the project. Table 10 shows the monitoring Measures and the estimated cost for implementing EMP.

Table 10: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP Costs Total Rate Cost Particulars Stages Unit Covered Number (INR) (INR) By A. Monitoring Measures 1 Air quality monitoring Pre- per 1 5,000 5,000 Civil Construction sample works contract 2 Noise levels monitoring Pre- Per 1 2000 2,000 Civil Construction sample works contract 3 Ground Water Quality Pre- Per 1 5800 5,800 Civil Construction sample works contract

Costs Total Rate Cost Particulars Stages Unit Covered Number (INR) (INR) By 4 Air quality monitoring Throughout per 3 5000 15,000 Civil the sample works Construction contract period for 9 Months (quarterly except monsoon) 5 Noise levels monitoring Construction Per 3 2000 6,000 Civil (quarterly sample works except contract monsoon) 6 Ground water quality Construction per 3 5800 17400 Civil (quarterly sample works except contract monsoon) 7 Air quality monitoring O&M (Six per 10 5000 50,000 Civil during operation stage monthly) sample Work for 5 years Contract Subtotal (A) 1,01,200 B. Capacity Building 1. Introduction and Pre- lump - - 100,000 PMU sensitization to construction sum environment issues 2. EMP implementation Construction lump - - 50,000 PMU sum 3. Plans and Protocols Construction lump - - 25,000 PMU sum lump - - 25,000 Civil sum works contract 4. Experiences and best Construction/ lump - - 100,000 PMU practices sharing Post- sum Construction 5. Contractors Orientation Prior to Lump - - 25,000 Civil to Workers on EMP dispatch to sum works implementation worksite contract Subtotal (B) 325,000 Total (A+B) INR 4,26,200

VIII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 128. The process described in this document has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the subproject. All potential impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction, and operation phases. Planning principles and design considerations have been reviewed and incorporated into the site planning and design process wherever possible; thus, environmental impacts as being due to the project design or location were not significant.

129. During construction impacts will be mainly health and safety risk to workers, for which mitigation measures are given in EMP and the impacts, can be easily mitigated through adopting these measures.

130. The public participation processes undertaken during project design ensured stakeholders are engaged during the preparation of the IEE. The planned information disclosure measures and process for carrying out consultation with affected people will facilitate their participation during implementation. The project’s grievance redress mechanism will provide the citizens with a platform for redress of their grievances, and describes the channels, time frame, and mechanisms for resolving complaints about environmental performance.

131. The EMP will assist the PMU, ULB and contractors in mitigating the environmental impacts, and guide them in the environmentally sound execution of the proposed project. The EMP will also ensure efficient lines of communication between ULB, PMU, consultants and contractor. A copy of the EMP shall be kept on-site during the construction period at all times. The EMP shall be made binding on all contractors operating on the site, and will be included in the contractual clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document shall constitute a failure in compliance.

132. The project will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term improvement of water supply and sewerage systems and community livability in Phulera and Sambhar. The potential adverse environmental impacts are mainly related to the construction period, which can be minimized by the mitigation measures and environmentally sound engineering and construction practices.

133. Therefore, as per ADB SPS, the project is classified as environmental category ‘B’ and does not require further environmental impact assessment.

Appendix 1: REA Check list SEWERAGE

Instructions:  This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.  This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department.  This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.  Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures. Country/Project Title: RUIDP- Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Program / Faecal Sludge Management Solution for Sambhar-Phulera Subproject Sector Division: Urban Development SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Sewerage A. PROJECT SITING . Is the Project area … Densely populated?  There are no dense habitation near proposed site  There are no development activities near Heavy with development activities? proposed site  Sambhar Wild life Sanctuary is approximately . Adjacent to or within any environmentally 6 KM aerial distance from FSTP Site but sensitive areas? project activities are not large enough to have impact on bio-diversity of sanctuary Protected area  There are no any protected areas near proposed site Wetland  There are no any wetland areas near proposed site Mangrove  Not applicable Estuarine  Not applicable Buffer zone of protected area  Not applicable Special area for protecting biodiversity  Sambhar Wild life Sanctuary is approximately 6 KM aerial distance from FSTP Site but project activities are not large enough to have impact on bio-diversity of sanctuary B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause…

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS impairment of historical/cultural √ No monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites?

. interference with other utilities and √ No blocking of access to buildings; nuisance to neighboring areas due to noise, smell, and influx of insects, rodents, etc.?

. dislocation or involuntary resettlement of √ Project does not involve land acquisition / people involuntary resettlement /displacement. FSTP is proposed on vacant Govt. land . Impairment of downstream water quality √ All the treated effluent from FSTP shall be due to inadequate sewage treatment or utilized in Gardening, agriculture and other release of untreated sewage? used, no discharge of treated effluent is proposed . Overflows and flooding of neighboring √ No sewer network is proposed under this properties with raw sewage? project. sludge collected from septic tank will be transported through tankers and brought to FSTP site for treatment . Environmental pollution due to √ The proposed works will cater only to sludge inadequate sludge disposal or industrial from septic tank/Soak Pits, no industrial waste discharges illegally disposed in wastewater shall be considered. sewers? . Noise and vibration due to blasting and √ Blasting for underground works is prohibited in other civil works? RUSDP works. . Discharge of hazardous materials into √ The proposed works will cater only to sludge sewers, resulting in damage to sewer from septic tank and Soak Pits, no industrial system and danger to workers? wastewater shall be considered. . Inadequate buffer zone around pumping √ FSTP is isolated through boundary wall and and treatment plants to alleviate noise dense plantation will be done to avoid and other possible nuisances, and nuisance. ULB to declare buffer zone around protect facilities? FSTP . Social conflicts between construction √ The contractor will be utilizing the local labour workers from other areas and community force as far as possible; in case if it is workers? unavoidable, labour camps and facilities will be provided appropriately. No conflicts envisaged . Road blocking and temporary flooding √ No works on road are proposed due to land excavation during the rainy season? . Noise and dust from construction √ During excavation works for FSTP, noise and activities? dust may evolve for which mitigation measure will be required . traffic disturbances due to construction √ This is small construction project and no major material transport and wastes? construction material transportation will be done . temporary silt runoff due to construction? √ Phulera is predominantly dry and rainfall is very limited . hazards to public health due to overflow √ No sewerage network is proposed and no flooding, and groundwater pollution due overflow will be anticipated, groundwater to failure of sewerage system? pollution is also not envisaged

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . deterioration of water quality due to √ Inadequate sludge disposal or direct inadequate sludge disposal or direct discharge of untreated sewage water may discharge of untreated sewage water? have impact on environment therefore adequate measure of sludge disposal and prohibit discharge of untreated sludge from septic tank be taken . contamination of surface and ground √ Inadequate sludge disposal on land can waters due to sludge disposal on land? contaminate ground water and surface water and measures of adequate sludge disposal should be taken to avoid any environmental impact . Health and safety hazards to workers √ Necessary apparatus and personal protection from toxic gases and hazardous equipment should be provided to prevent materials which may be contained in workers from exposures to hazardous sewage flow and exposure to pathogens materials and toxic gases during operation in in sewage and sludge? FSTP. Staff should be trained in safe handling of sewage and in mechanized cleaning of sewers

Climate Change and Disaster Risk Yes No Remarks Questions The following questions are not for environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify potential climate and disaster risks. Is the Project area subject to hazards such √ Arid zone, low and unreliable rainfall, less as earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical vegetation cover cyclone winds, storm surges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions and climate changes? Could changes in temperature, √ No precipitation, or extreme events patterns over the Project lifespan affect technical or financial sustainability (e.g., changes in rainfall patterns disrupt reliability of water supply; sea level rise creates salinity intrusion into proposed water supply source)? Are there any demographic or socio- √ No economic aspects of the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g. high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)? Could the Project potentially increase the √ No climate or disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., by using water from a vulnerable source that is relied upon by many user groups, or encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?

Appendix 2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

SL Pollutants Time Concentration in ambient air Method of measurement NO: weighted average Industrial, Ecologically Residential, Rural Sensitive & Other Areas Areas

1 Sulphur Dioxide Annual 50 20 Improved West and Geake- (SO2) 24 hours 80 80 Ultraviolet fluorescence µg/m3 2 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual 40 30 Modified Jacob & 3 (NO2) µg/m 24 hours 80 80 Hochheiser (Na-Arsenite) Chemiluminescence 3 Particulate Matter Annual 60 60 Gravimetric (Size less than 10 24 hours 100 100 -TOEM µm) or PM10 µg/m3 -Beta attenuation 4 Particulate Matter Annual 40 40 Gravimetric (Size less than 2.5 24 hours 60 60 -TOEM µm) or PM2.5 µg/m3 -Beta attenuation 5 Carbon Monoxide 8 hours 02 02 Non Dispersive Infra Red (CO) mg/m3 1 hours 04 04 (NDIR) Spectroscopy Appendix 3: National Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise

Area code Category of area/zone Limit in dB (A) Day time Night time A Industrial area 75 70 B Commercial area 65 55 C Residential area 55 45 D Silence zone 50 40

58 Appendix 4

Appendix 4: General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants (Wastewater)

S. No. Parameter Inland surface water Public sewers Land for irrigation . 2 3 . . . (a) (b) (c) 1 Suspended solids mg/l, max. 100 600 200 2 Particle size of suspended shall pass 850 micron IS Sieve - - solids 3 pH value 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 4 Temperature shall not exceed 5oC above the receiving water temperature 5 Oil and grease, mg/l max, 10 20 10 6 Total residual chlorine, mg/l 1.0 - - max 7 Ammonical nitrogen (as 50 50 - N),mg/l, max. 8 Total kjeldahl nitrogen (as 100 - - N);mg/l, max. mg/l, max. 9 Free ammonia (as NH3), 5.0 - - mg/l,max. 10 Biochemical oxygen demand 30 350 100 (3 days at 27oC), mg/l, max. 11 Chemical oxygen demand, 250 - - mg/l, max. 12 Arsenic(as As). 0.2 0.2 0.2 13 Mercury (As Hg), mg/l, max. 0.01 0.01 - 14 Lead (as Pb) mg/l, max 0.1 1.0 - 15 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l, max 2.0 1.0 - 16 Hexavalent chromium (as Cr 0.1 2.0 - + 6),mg/l, max. 17 Total chromium (as Cr) mg/l, 2.0 2.0 - max. 18 Copper (as Cu)mg/l, max. 3.0 3.0 - 19 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, max. 5.0 15 - 20 Selenium (as Se) 0.05 0.05 - 21 Nickel (as Ni) mg/l, max. 3.0 3.0 - 22 Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, max. 0.2 2.0 0.2 23 Fluoride (as F) mg/l, max. 2.0 15 - 24 Dissolved phos- phates (as 5.0 - - P),mg/l, max. 25 Sulphide (as S) mg/l, max. 2.0 - - 26 Phenolic compounds (as 1.0 5.0 - C6H50H)mg/l, max. 27 Radioactive materials: 10-7 10-7 10-8 (a) Alpha emitters micro curie mg/l, max. (b)Beta emittersmicro curie 10-6 10-6 10-7 mg/l 28 Bio-assay test 90% suivival of fish after 96 90% survival of 90% suivival of fish hours in 100% effluent fish after 96 after 96 hours in hours in 100% 100% effluent effluent 29 Manganese 2 mg/l 2 mg/l - 30 Iron (as Fe) 3mg/l 3mg/l - 31 Vanadium (as V) 0.2mg/l 0.2mg/l - 32 Nitrate Nitrogen 10 mg/l - -

59 Appendix 4

Appendix 5: Latest effluent discharge standards set by CPCB MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE NOTIFICATION

New Delhi, the 13th October, 2017

G.S.R. 1265(E).—In exercise of the powers conferred by sections 6 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986), the Central Government hereby makes the following rules further to amend the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, namely:- 1. Short title and commencement.—(1) These rules may be called the Environment (Protection) Amendment Rules, 2017. (2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official Gazette. 2. In the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, in Schedule – I, after serial number 104 and the entries relating thereto, the following serial number and entries shall be inserted, namely:—

Sl. No. Industry Parameters Standards 1 2 3 4 Effluent discharge standards (applicable to all mode of disposal) “105 Location Concentration not to exceed A B pH Anywhere in the country 6.5-9.0 Bio-Chemical Metro Cities*, all State Capitals except in 20 Oxygen the State of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Demand (BOD) Manipur, Meghalaya Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, and Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadar and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep Areas/regions other than mentioned 30 Sewage above Treatment Total Metro Cities*, all State Capitals except in <50 Plants Suspended the State of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, (STPs) Solids (TSS) Manipur, Meghalaya Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir and Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadar and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep Areas/regions other than mentioned <100 above Fecal Coliform Anywhere in the country <1000 (FC) (Most Probable Number per 100 milliliter, MPN/100ml *Metro Cities are Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad and Pune.

Note : (i) All values in mg/l except for pH and Fecal Coliform. (ii) These standards shall be applicable for discharge into water bodies as well as for land disposal/applications. (iii) The standards for Fecal Coliform shall not apply in respect of use of treated effluent for industrial purposes. (iv) These Standards shall apply to all STPs to be commissioned on or after the 1st June, 2019 and the old/existing STPs shall achieve these standards within a period of five years from date of publication of this notification in the Official Gazette. (v) In case of discharge of treated effluent into sea, it shall be through proper marine outfall and the existing shore discharge shall be converted to marine outfalls, and in cases where the marine outfall provides a minimum initial dilution of 150 times at the point of discharge and a minimum dilution of 1500 times at a point 100 meters away from discharge point, then, the existing norms shall apply as specified in the general discharge standards. (vi) Reuse/Recycling of treated effluent shall be encouraged and in cases where part of the treated effluent is reused and recycled involving possibility of human contact, standards as specified above shall apply. Central Pollution Control Board/State Pollution Control Boards/Pollution Control Committees may issue more stringent norms taking account to local condition under section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986”.

Note : The principal rules were published in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, Section 3,Subsection (i) vide number S.O. 844 (E), dated the 19th November, 1986

61 Appendix 12

Appendix 6: Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms

1. Passenger Cars

Norms CO( g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km) 1991Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(Only HC) 1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36 1998Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18 India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97 Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5 Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35 (combined) Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18 (combined)

2. Heavy Diesel Vehicles

Norms CO( g/kmhr) HC (g/kmhr) NOx (g/kmhr) PM(g/kmhr) 1991Norms 14 3.5 18 - 1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 - India stage 2000 norms 4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36 Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15 Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10 Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02 Source: Central Pollution Control Board

CO = Carbon Monixide; g/kmhr = grams per kilometer-hour; HC = Hydrocarbons; NOx = oxides of nitrogen; PM = Particulates Matter

Appendix 7: Salient Features of Major Labor Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works (i) Workmen Compensation Act, 1923 - The Act provides for compensation in case of injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment.

(ii) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 - Gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5 years’ service or more or on death at the rate of 15 days wages for every completed year of service. The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 10 or more employees.

(iii) Employees’ PF and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 - The Act provides for monthly contributions by the employer plus workers @10 % or 8.33 %. The benefits payable under the Act are: (a) Pension or family pension on retirement or death as the case may be; (b) deposit linked insurance on the death in harness of the worker; (c) payment of PF accumulation on retirement/death etc.

(iv) Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 - The Act provides for leave and some other benefits to women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage etc.

(v) Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 - The Act provides for certain welfare measures to be provided by the Contractor to contract labor and in case the Contractor fails to provide, the same are required to be provided by the Principal Employer by Law. The principal employer is required to take Certificate of Registration and the Contractor is required to take a License from the designated Officer. The Act is applicable to the establishments or Contractor of principal employer if they employ 20 or more contract labor.

(vi) Minimum Wages Act, 1948 - The employer is supposed to pay not less than the Minimum Wages fixed by appropriate Government as per provisions of the Act if the employment is a scheduled employment. Construction of Buildings, Roads, Runways are scheduled employment.

(vii) Payment of Wages Act, 1936 - It lays down as to by what date the wages are to be paid, when it will be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the workers.

(viii) Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 - The Act provides for payment of equal wages for work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination against Female employees in the matters of transfers, training and promotions etc.

(ix) Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 - The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 20 or more workmen. The Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject to a minimum of 8.33 % of wages and maximum of 20 % of wages to employees drawing Rs. 3,500/- per month or less. The bonus to be paid to employees getting Rs. 2,500/- per month or above up to Rs.3,500/- per month shall be worked out by taking wages as Rs.2,500/- per month only. The Act does not apply to certain establishments. The newly set up establishments are exempted for five years in certain circumstances. Some of the State Governments have reduced the employment size from 20 to 10 for the purpose of applicability of the Act.

(x) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - The Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lock-out becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing down the establishment.

(xi) Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 - It is applicable to all establishments employing 100 or more workmen (employment size reduced by some of the States and Central Government to 50). The Act provides for laying down rules governing the conditions of employment by the employer on matters provided in the Act and get the same certified by the designated Authority.

(xii) Trade Unions Act, 1926 - The Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unions of workmen and employees. The trade unions registered under the Act have been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities.

(xiii) Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 - The Act prohibits employment of children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes. Employment of child labor is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry.

(xiv) Inter-State Migrant Workmen's (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 - The Act is applicable to an establishment which employs 5 or more inter-state migrant workmen through an intermediary (who has recruited workmen in one state for employment in the establishment situated in another state). The inter-state migrant workmen, in an establishment to which this Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical aid, traveling expenses from home up to the establishment and back, etc.

(xv) The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996 - All the establishments who carry on any building or other construction work and employ 10 or more workers are covered under this Act. All such establishments are required to pay Cess at rate not exceeding 2% of the cost of construction as may be notified by the Government. The employer of the establishment is required to provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for workers near the workplace etc. The employer to whom the Act applies has to obtain a registration certificate from the Registering Officer appointed by the Government. Salient features of this Act are given below-

Employer shall- • Provide and maintain, at suitable point, sufficient quantity of wholesome drinking water, such point shall be at least 6 meters away from any washing areas, urinals or toilets • Provide sufficient urinals and latrines at convenient place, easily accessible by workers • Provide free of charge, temporary living accommodations near to work sites with separate cooking place, bathing and lavatory facilities and restore the site as pre conditions after completing the construction works

• Provide crèche with proper accommodation, ventilation, lighting, cleanliness and sanitation if more than fifty female workers are engaged • Provide first aid facilities in all construction sites

For safety of workers employer shall provide- • Safe access to site and work place • Safety in demolition works • Safety in use of explosives • Safety in operation of transporting equipments and appoint competent person to drive or operate such vehicles and equipments • Safety in lifting appliance, hoist and lifting gears • Adequate and suitable lighting to every work place and approach • Prevention of inhalation of dust, smoke, fumes, gases during construction works and provide adequate ventilation in work place and confined space • Safety in material handling and stacking/un stacking • Safeguarding the machinery with fly-wheel of moving parts • Safe handling and use of plants operated by compressed air • Fire safety • Limit of weight to be lifted by workers individually • Safety in electric wires, apparatus, tools and equipments • Provide safety net, safety sheet, safety belts while working at height (more than1.6 mtrs as per OSHA) • Providing scaffolding, ladders and stairs, lifting appliances, chains and accessories where required • Safety in pile works, concrete works, hot asphalt, tar, insulation, demolition works, excavation, underground construction and handling materials • Provide and maintain medical facilities for workers • Any other matters for the safety and health of workers

Appendix 8: Sample Outline Spoil Management Plan

• The Spoil Management Plan should be site specific and be part of the monthly Construction Management Plan. • The contractor, in consultation with the ULB, has to find out appropriate location/s for the disposal of the excess soil generated. The spoils should be deposited only at these sites. • Further precautions need to be taken in case of the contaminated spoils. • The vehicle carrying the spoil should be covered properly. • The spoils generating from each site should be removed on the same day or immediately after the work is complete. The site / road should be restored to the original condition.

I. Spoils information The spoil information contains the details like a) The type / material, b) Potential contamination by that type, c) Expected volume (site / component specific), d) Spoil Classification etc.

II. Spoils management The Spoil Management section gives the details of a) Transportation of spoil b) disposal site details c) Precautions taken d) Volume of contaminated spoil, if present, d) Suggested reuse of disposal of the spoil

III. Documentation The volume of spoil generated (site specific, date wise), site disposed, reuse / disposal details should be documented properly.

Appendix 9: Public Consultations Conducted During Project Preparation Consultation 1

Consultation with Executive officer of Phulera Nagar Palika and Sambhar Nagar Palika Name: Mrs. Mahima Dangi, EO Phulera ULB and Mr. Harinarayan Yadav, EO Sambhar ULB. Date: 3rd April 2017 Agenda of the Meeting: To elaborate the project to the ULB officials, discuss the characteristics of available land parcels under the ULB Jurisdiction and identify the most suitable land parcels based on the technical parameters.

Key Points of Consultation: • Introduction of CDD team to the ULB officials and their role and responsibility on the project were discussed.

• Discussion on Land availability with EO, Phulera and Mrs. Mahima suggested that a land parcel of ~6.2 Acres is available within the municipal limit and is currently being utilized as a municipal dumping ground. ULB may apportion some part of the land for the purpose of Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant for Phulera and Sambhar.

• Executive officer has also shown interest in converting the dumping ground to a Solid Waste Management plant

• Mrs. Mahima also suggested that other than the aforementioned land there are no vacant land available, which can be utilized for the desired purpose and ask the IPE and CDD team to consult Sambhar ULB to check the land availability in Sambhar municipality.

• Mr. Harinarayan Yadav suggests the team to meet Mr Dinesh, Patwari, Sambhar, to get the details of land available in the holding of Sambhar ULB.

• Mr. Dinesh, Patwari, Sambhar suggested some potential land i.e. developable as FSTP for Sambhar and Phulera. He also provided the team with the details of khasra no. and area details of the land parcel. • Team of IPE Global and CDD visited potential sites suggested by ULB officials.

• Site 1 (Khasra No. 1082/72) , which is under the jurisdiction of Phulera ULB, was analysed and photographed by the teams. A physical boundary was observed at site. Presently the site is being used as dumping ground for municipal waste. Site contains minor undulation and vegetation. The site does not have any encroachments or buildings at present.

• Later the teams did preliminary surveys for Site 2 (Khasra no. 3032/1), and found that the site lies on the bank of a dried lake. The site does not contain any physical boundary. The topography of the site is slightly undulating with minor vegetation.

Consultation 2 Site visit from IPE team locating the potential land parcels on geographic information system Name: - Date: 5th April 2017 Agenda of the Meeting: To locate the potential land parcels on geographic information system and interaction with Desludging Vehicle Operators to get an overview about current local practices of Faecal Sludge management in Phulera and Sambhar.

Key Points of Consultation: • The team had a meeting with Mr. Dinesh, Patwari of Sambhar area and requested for confirmation of landuse and boundary of the potential land parcel for FSTP. • He suggested that the land parcel reccommended earlier by him lies in holding of different individual or Salt Department. • Mr. Dinesh further suggested the team to consult Mr. Dhannalal Meena, Patwari, Phulera Area for further enquiry of land availability, as there if no potential land available under the jurisdiction of Sambhar ULB. • The team had a meeting with Mr. Dhannalal Meena, Patwari of Phulera Area and requested for confirmation of landuse and boundary of the potential land parcel for FSTP. • He suggested that there is only one land parcel (area ~6.2 Acres) available under the jurisdiction of Phulera ULB, currently being utilized as Solid Waste Dumping Ground. • Also he provided the team with details of Khasra no. and location of the land parcel. • Also team had Interaction with Desludging Vehicle Operators. • Phulera and Sambhar area are served by three desludging vehicles; two of the vehicles are operated by Nagar Palika, one by each Sambhar and Phulera, while the third vehicle is privately operated.

Consultation 3 Phulera Nagar Palika Name: Mahima Dangi, Executive Officer &Mukesh Kumar, VarishathLipik Date: 24th April 2017 Agenda of the Meeting: To understand the status of sanitation facilities in the town and NOC of FSTP Site

Key Points of Consultation: • Phulera to declare itself ODF soon • Open defecation sites identified and cleaned • IHHL and Public Toilets construction targets achieved • Households still practicing OD after getting IHHL identified and warned • Visit to OD sites and public toilets • Daily door-to-door collection of municipal solid waste

• Organic waste quantity from bulk sources, available for co-compositing, only about 600 KG • The desludging truck with the Nagar Palika defunct since last 2 months • Disposal of faecal sludge and solid waste without treatment at the dumping site behind central jail • Received NOC on 4 Bigha land for FSTP Construction, out of 10 Bigha area of dumping site • Visit to FSTP Site

Consultation 4

Sambhar Nagar Palika Name: Navratan Sharma, Executive Officer & Bhanwar Singh, Fireman Date: 9th May 2017 Agenda of the Meeting: Status of Sanitation Facilities in the town

Key Points of Consultation: • Ward boundaries were updated last in 2015.Population enumeration after Census 2011 has not been done.The Ward level data in Census 2011 is as per the boundaries from 2005 Ward map which is now not available. • Ward Map available with the ULB was disfigured and not to scale • Salt extraction and packaging as the main economic activity of the town. • The growth of town limited towards South-East direction only, due to Salt Pans in the North- Western Part and Railway Line in the West of the town • IHHL and public toilets targets under Swachh Bharat Mission have been achieved • Awareness campaigns were conducted to sensitize people about adverse impacts of open defecation through public announcements and posters. • Some households still practice open defecation out of habit or due to large families dependent upon single latrines. • Households have septic tanks of generally 2-4 m3 capacity, connected to open drains for discharge of waste water overflow. Latrines constructed under Swachh Bharat Mission have smaller septic tanks. • A fine is levied upon the households for direct discharge of night soil into open drains. • For desludging requests, a written application has to be submitted to the Nagar Palika. One desludging truck of 4m3 capacity is available with the Nagar Palika which charges Rs. 1100/-. Desludging interval varies from 5 to 10 years. The truck is operated by one driver who is working on contractual basis and two helpers are available intermittently who also work as sweepers and carry out other multiple tasks for the Nagar Palika. The truck is parked at the fire station near the Nagar Palika office. • In areas where streets are narrow and trucks cannot reach, bucket desludging is carried out by sweepers. • The collected sludge is disposed without treatment at a waste land 3 km outside the town.

• Daily door-to-door collection of Municipal Solid Waste • Disposal of collected solid waste without treatment at the dumping site in Phulera behind the Central Jail • No user charges are collected from the households for solid waste collection • No bulk source of organic waste for co-composting with faecal sludge as waste from fruits and vegetable market is fed to pigs in slaughter houses.

Consultation 5 Primary Survey and secondary data from PHED, Sambhar Date: 12th May 2017 Agenda: Survey of the existing sanitation status of Sambhar and water supply data collection from PHED

Key Points of Consultation: • Many households have the containments with Valves for faecal discharge into open drains and no desludging is carried out. All the households have waste water overflow discharge into open drains. • Narrow streets in the core area of the town inaccessible by desludging trucks and bucket desludging is carried out. • Average containment size varies from 2 to 4 m3 • Desludging interval generally varies from 10 to 15 years. • Desludging cost varies from Rs. 1100- 2000 per trip. It even goes up to Rs. 5000 in case of bucket desludging. • Majority of the households surveyed were willing to pay a regular sanitation fees of Rs. 10-20 per month. • No public and community toilets and 9 public urinals in Sambhar. 6 are open urinals for men only, while rest 3 have separate women urinals. • No public urinal has any operator. Maintenance status is very poor. • One private desludging operator in Sambhar, with a truck of 4m3 capacity, provides services in Phulera, Sambhar, Jobner and other settlements in the surroundings. • Collection of data on number of water supply connections, User charges realization and out-standings in Sambhar Nagar Palika from the PHED office.

Consultation 6 Primary Survey, Phulera Date: 16th May 2017 Agenda: Survey of the existing sanitation status of Phulera

Key Points of Consultation: • Majority of the households have septic tanks, very few have Pits (Kui). Direct discharge of faecal sludge into open drains is negligible. • Average desludging interval varies between 8-12 years • Average desludging cost is 1100-2000 INR. Nagar Palika charges Rs. 1100 and Private desludging operators charge Rs. 1500- 2000.

• Containment Size generally varies between 2- 4 m3. Newly constructed latrines under SBM have smaller containments. • Majority of the households surveyed are willing to pay monthly sanitation fees of Rs. 10-20 for scheduled desludging considering that a formal and regular service shall be provided by the ULB. • Streets of Phulera are generally wider than 3m and easily accessible by 4m3 Trucks • 3 Public Toilets and 6 Public Urinals in Phulera. No public toilet has any operator. Maintenance status is very poor with liquor bottles lying in some of the toilets. • No private desludging operator in Phulera. One operator from Jobner and one from Sambhar provide their services in Phulera on-call. Both have a truck of 4m3 capacity each.

Consultation 7 Nagar Palika, Sambhar Name: Vinod Kumar Sambhariya, Chairman & Navratan Sharma, Executive Officer Date: 26th May 2017 Agenda: Discussion on the resolutions for City level septage management Key Points of Consultation: • Discussion on the following resolutions for city level septage management- − Disposal of collected septage at FSTP − Licensing of Private Desludging Operators − Scheduled Desludging & Collection of User Charges − Adoption of City Septage Management Regulations − Model septic tank design as part of Building Bye-laws − Setting up of City Sanitation Committee and Cell • The ULB agreed to all the other resolutions in-principle except the collection of user charges and setting up of City Sanitation Committee and Cell. • The Executive Officer suggested that the monthly sanitation fees of Rs. 15-20 is very high and the residents of Sambhar will not be able to pay. • Setting up of City Sanitation Committee and Cell will be an additional responsibility for the Nagar Palika which shall not be possible.

Consultation 8 Desludging Operator & Local Farmer Consultation, Data on flood levels from Jail Authorities Name: Dharma, Private Desludging Operator Date: 26th May 2017 Agenda: Observing the desludging operations and consultation on flood levels of the FSTP site Key Points of Consultation: • The private desludging operator shared the details of the make and model of the tractor and tank along with the mileage. • A tank of 4m3 capacity can carry 3-3.5 m3 of the sludge at a time • Desludging cost varies from Rs. 1500-2000 per trip

• Average time required to complete one desludging task is 1.5-2 hours approximately • Number of desludging requests in summer and winter seasons are as low as one in two-three days whereas high in monsoon season with 3-4 requests daily due to water logging and overflowing drains. • Farmers pay Rs. 200-500 to the desludging operators to get the faecal sludge disposed at their farmland • Desludging operators dispose the collected sludge arbitrarily on open land around the solid waste dumping site behind Central Jail in Phulera or on waste land near Salt Pans in Sambhar. • The local farmer who lives near the dumping site in Phulera revealed that the desludging operators dispose collected sludge anywhere on the open land and even on their farmland without their permission. • The solid waste from the dumping site sometimes reaches their home during strong wind flows along with the foul smell and occasional smoke • The area around the dumping site is comparatively low lying from the surroundings and gets inundated during heavy rains in the monsoon season. • The slope of land is towards the Naliyasar Lake in the West and inundated water discharges slowly in that direction. • Jail personnel told that only the kutcha area where soil is compressed and is not properly drained, gets inundated. With proper drainage facility and raising the FSTP site by 2 feet, water logging can be avoided.

Consultation 9

National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) Date: 30th May 2016 Agenda: Capacity Building and Awareness Generation Program for the various stakeholders of FSSM

Key Points of Consultation: • Sharing the information on sanitation status in Phulera and Sambhar project towns • Discussion on the capacity gaps of the various stakeholders involved in the FSSM process • Brainstorming on the different methods and approaches for capacity building and awareness generation of the stakeholders • Orientation workshop for the ULB officials of the state on National and State FSSM Policy • Consultation workshop for the ULB officials of the Project Towns on the City FSSM Plan and Septage Management Regulations • Training of the survey team for collection of household level septic tank data. • Dedicated training and handholding of the employees of City Sanitation Cell • Focus Group Discussions and awareness programs for the households on need for sanitary containments, scheduled desludging, proper desludging process, user charges and general vigilance.

• Operative manuals and on-site demonstrations for the service providers such as masons, plumbers, desludging operators, public toilet operators and treatment plant operators. • Awareness generation for the farmers on adverse impacts of direct disposal of untreated sludge on farmlands and benefits of organic compost. • Training of trainers for carrying out capacity building and awareness generation programs.

Consultation 10 Meeting with Phulera ULB Name: Mrs. Mahima Dangi, Executive Officer, Phulera ULB Date:2nd June 2017 Agenda: Discuss the Regulations with Phulera ULB Officials

Key Points of Consultation: • IPE Team discussed the 6 draft resolution for Phulera/Sambhar with ULB officials and Ward Councilors: - All Septage to be disposed at the Proposed Treatment Plant - Licensing and contracting of Septic Tank Cleaning Operators - No charges during septic tank cleaning and monthly charges (INR 15-20); combining Sanitation Fee with water bill through PHED - Adopting and Notifying Phulera Septage Management Regulations – Septic Tank design, licensing of operators, incentives and penalties, public awareness, building bye-laws, scheduled cleaning of kuii/septic tank, and other rules - Modifications in the Building Bye-laws to submit Septic Tank Design as requirement for obtaining building permit. - Constitution of Sanitation Committee and Cell for monitoring and management of Desludging/ Treatment operations & finances

• The OPEX and revenue sharing between Phulera and Sambhar ULBs were also discussed and agreed with Phulera ULB officials. • ULB officials also suggested IPE team to arrange for a site visit of key personals to have a better understanding of a functional FSTP and other factors affecting the operations of FSTP. • A next meeting was also suggested to be arranged to explain the resolutions to all the board members of ULB post which the board approval of resolutions and regulations shall be possible.

Consultation 11 Meeting with E.O. and Phulera ULB Name: Mrs. Mahima Dangi, E.O. Phulera ULB, Mr. Navratan Sharma, EO Sambhar ULB, Chairperson and ward Councilors Date: 9th June 2017 Agenda: To explain the Regulations with Phulera ULB Officials and Ward Councilors and finalization for final approval.

Key Points of Consultation: • IPE Team explained the 6 draft resolution for Phulera/Sambhar with ULB officials and Ward Councilors: • These 6 resolutions were explained by Project Manager and constructive discussions took place with the consultants and board members. • The RUIDP consultants described the environmental problems and health impacts due to sanitation mismanagement. Further the benefits of implementation of FSM Plan and process of implementation were discussed. • The ULB officials suggested that Phulera city has been declared open defecation free, but they were not able to completely ensure the availability of containment and the proper disposal of the faecal sludge cleaned by desludging operators. • While the discussion on resolution II, it was highlighted that the operator should be licensed and contracted so that they get authorized to work and instead of sludge disposal in random open areas they dispose it at the designated FSTP. There were also discussions on penalty clauses on desludging operators in the meeting for non-compliance with regulations. Apart from this, it has been suggested by the consultants that allthe operators shall wear suitable safety gears while the operations. • It was discussed in accordance with the Resolution III that without any charge from the beneficiary for cleaning the septic tank, the cleaning fee shall be added to PHED's monthly water bill for efficient and economical collection of user charges. • This arrangement shall provide the ULBs with regular monthly income so that scheduled and on-call desludging operations are ensured. • It is proposed to charge a Sanitation fee of ~INR 15 per month for regular cleaning. In this regard, the ULB suggested that a VGF amount to be provided for the initial years of operation. Also it was discussed that the revenue generated from the compost sale shall be allocated to Phulera ULB as it has to bear the operational expenditure of plant operations. • The Municipal council shall approve all the six resolutions along with the resolution after a detailed review of the documents. • It was also agreed that some of the ULB officials shall have a site visit to understand the activities of FSTP made in Devanahali. For this, the project manager will request the RUIDP to arrange for a site visit of FSTP plant in Devanahali. • Under the resolution - V,it is stated that suitable containments shall be mandatory for new household constructions. All the proposals for construction of the building shall have containment details to be approved from ULB. • As per Resolution- VI, the process of establishment for sanitation committee and sanitation cell was discussed. Committee shall constitute the chairperson, executive officer, junior engineer, 4 ward councilors and sanitary inspector. • At the end of the meeting, each member was provided with a copy of draft resolutions and regulation.

Consultation 12

Meeting with E.O., Ward councilors, and ULB Phulera Name: Mrs. Mahima Dangi, Executive Officer, Phulera ULB and all ward councilors Date: 19th June 2017 Agenda: To get the approval of the Regulations from Board members of Phulera ULB. (Minutes of Meeting incorporated)

Key Points of Consultation: • The meeting was addressed by BMGF Project Manager. Project Manager had introduced various proposals of FSM plan. Under the FSM plan, 6 resolutions and regulations have been prepared by RUIDP Consultants. These resolutions were discussed in detail and various board members presented their views about the resolution. • At the end of the meeting, the member was also shown a videography of in Devnahalli plant. Members of the meeting shown their interest in understanding the operations of FSTP and FSM plan as per the rules and regulations mentioned in it. • This decision will be taken by review of the documents and internal discussions. • At the end of the meeting following points was emphasized– - As they want to see and understand the activities of FSTP made in Devanahali. These arrangements shall be made available from RUIDP. - RUIDP shall finalize on the monthly charges to be collected from households and will also ensure the VGF for initial phase of the project. - Municipal councils will ensure the availability of wet waste for the co-composting purpose. - In the meeting, the Council, in keeping with their own views on resolutions, will approve the documents and ensure the compliance with them, in order to have an effective and efficient Faecal Sludge Management for the city. -

Consultation 13 Meeting with Mr. Radhe Shyam, Rajasthan Gau Seva Sangh Date: 23rd June 2017 Agenda: To discuss the methodology and technologies related to composting

Key Points of Consultation: Vermi-compost (Drying Bed System) - Capacity of the Plant is 1 ton/day. - Area required for Vermi-composting is ~5,000 sq.m. - Maintenance cost is roughly 0.1% of the cost incurred. - A total of 4 labors are required to operate the plant. - Daily wages are Rs 210 and monthly remuneration for permanent workers is ~Rs 15000. - A minimum of 25% moisture is required for the process to continue smoothly. When water is added to the slurry suddenly, it may lead to death of the worms. This is the reason that 4-5 days must be passed and the slurry gets decomposed, then only worms should be added to the slurry. - The amount of manure produced is nearly 50% of the weight of worms added. The manure, hence produced in this process, cannot be separated daily from the slurry. - As per the Plant operators the difference in the weight of input and output is roughly equal to the total moisture content in the input. - Color of the slurry keeps changing on a daily basis, till the time it converts to manure. Once manure if formed, it is packed and sold at a price of Rs 5/kilogram. Annual turnover of the plant is ~ Rs 18 lakh. - The higher the Nitrogen content, the more expensive is the cost of manure. Usually Nitrogen content should be 2%, while Potassium and Phosphorus should be 1% each. - The whole process takes place in an open field. There is just one shelter formed for the final stage process of manure and packaging & storage.

Layered System - There is a four-inch layer of sand, dung and waste from bottom to top respectively. - Thereafter, the layer system is packed for 90 days to let it decompose. - Disadvantage: Labor cost is higher. - The compost achieved from this process is similar to that of vermi-compost in terms of both quality and quantity. Bio Gas Plant - For each ton of waste generated, three tanks of capacity 85 cubic meters, 65 cubic meters and 20 cubic meters tanks are required. - Depth of the tank should be 13 feet. - The ratio of dung to water, added to the tank, should be 60:40 or 50:50. - The remnant slurry in the tank gets disposed off in the open. It gets dried and is used in vermicomposting. CNG Plant - Methane separator plant is used to separate methane gas from water and Carbon dioxide. - Methane bottling plant is used to fill the cylinder for internal use in plant. Suggestion(Compost Culture Practice in Jodhpur Plant) - Compost culture method is used for situations where less labor intensive process is desired - A packet of compost culture (INR 50 Rs) shall be sufficient for a quantity of 1.5-2.0 ton input, which generally results in ~50-60% output. - Covered temporary chambers to be created for the process

- Compost culture process does not involve worms for composting, reducing the hassle of handling the sensitive worms - Process time is ~90 days, which needs two interventions at an interval of 30 days. - The interventions just requires turning of the pile - Nitrogen of the output could also be managed by adding some natural products such as Neem fruits and Leaves of Arandi Plants. General Suggestions - It was suggested from the Plant operator that it is a general notion among farmers that the yield reduces if compost is used for farming, which results in lesser profit. But that is not the complete story, when a farmer uses organic compost and sells the product, Government support such people who practice Organic farming in terms of subsidy, which mitigates the initial (1-2 years) reduction of yield. Plus he gets extra price per unit from the market, which increase his profit. Most of the farmers avoid using compost because of lack of information about these schemes and benefits. - He was suggesting that utilization of compost for organic farming to sell something more valuable than mere compost o As an example he stated that some of the produce used for the organic farming inside the facility p remise to produce wheat, gets a sale price of ~INR40, which is more than double of market rate of normal wheat - He stated that the branding of compost is very important in order to establish a steady market. For their product they use “COW” as it is highly respected especially in Rajasthan. He was also suggesting that there exists a practice of contracting these outputs to convert into composts. A contractor will charge INR 1,000 to 1,500 per ton to convert the bio-solid into compost. This might also be a possible option for us.

Consultation 14 Consultation carried with the residents surrounding the proposed site of FSTP Date: 24.02.2018 Purpose of Consultation: Information about the construction of Plant and sensitizing the FSSM, Existing Septage Management Practices

Name Location Discussions Conclusion Mr. Sanjay Kumar L.B.S Colony, 1. Dissemination of information As plant is located on Phulera on about FSTP plant and its solid waste Dump site, implication on surrounding, and away from any habitat – FSSM interventions in Phulera No one has objection. Mr. Mahesh Kumawat L.B.S Colony, Towns. Phulera

2. Benefits of safe desludging As photos of similar practices and advantages of the plants from other Mr. Bhuman Lal Adarsh Colony, services for on going location has been shown Tripathi Phulera development of ODF cities. which look like a Park. People even agreed with 3. Existing conditions of septage the fact that it will add management, Solid waste value to the dumb site Ms Laxmi And Mr. Adarsh Colony, disposal, Cost of Desludging, No. Rajesndra Phulera of users per toilet etc.

Photographs of Stakeholder Consultations

Consultation with Phulera Municipal Board Members Consultation with Chairman and councilors at Phulera

Consultation with residents at Sambhar

Consultations with residents near Phulera Consultation with Residents at Phulera FSTP site

Consultations with residents near Phulera FSTP Consultations with residents Near Phulera site FSTP Site

Appendix 10: Sample Monthly Reporting Format 1. Introduction • Overall project description and objectives • Description of sub-projects • Environmental category of the sub-projects • Details of site personnel and/or consultants responsible for environmental monitoring • Overall project and sub-project progress and status

Status of Sub-Project Sub-Project List of Progress No. Design Pre- Construction Operational Name Works of Works Construction Phase            

2. Compliance status with National/ State/ Local statutory environmental requirements No. Sub-Project Name Statutory Environmental Status of Action Required Requirements Compliance

3. Compliance status with environmental loan covenants No. (List schedule and Covenant Status of Compliance Action Required paragraph number of Loan Agreement)

4. Compliance status with the environmental management and monitoring plan • Provide the monitoring results as per the parameters outlined in the EMP. Append supporting documents where applicable, including Environmental Site Inspection Reports. • There should be reporting on the following items which can be incorporated in the checklist of routine Environmental Site Inspection Report followed with a summary in the semi-annual report send to ADB. Visual assessment and review of relevant site documentation during routine site inspection needs to note and record the following: o What are the dust suppression techniques followed for site and if any dust was noted to escape the site boundaries; o If muddy water was escaping site boundaries or muddy tracks were seen on adjacent roads;

o adequacy of type of erosion and sediment control measures installed on site, condition of erosion and sediment control measures including if these were intact following heavy rain; o Are their designated areas for concrete works, and refuelling; o Are their spill kits on site and if there are site procedure for handling emergencies; o Is there any chemical stored on site and what is the storage condition? o Is there any dewatering activities if yes, where is the water being discharged; o How are the stockpiles being managed; o How is solid and liquid waste being handled on site; o Review of the complaint management system; o Checking if there are any activities being under taken out of working hours and how that is being managed.

Summary Monitoring Table

Impacts Mitigation Parameters Method of Location Date of Name of (List from Measures Monitored (As a Monitoring of Monitoring Person IEE) (List from minimum those Monitoring Conducted Who IEE) identified in the IEE Conducted should be the monitored) Monitoring Design Phase

Pre-Construction Phase

Construction Phase

Operational Phase

Overall Compliance with EMP

No. Sub-Project EMP Part of EMP Being Status of Action Proposed Name Contract Implemented Implementation and Additional Documents (Y/N) (Excellent/ Satisfactory/ Measures (Y/N) Partially Satisfactory/ Required Below Satisfactory)

5. Approach and methodology for environmental monitoring of the project • Brief description on the approach and methodology used for environmental monitoring of each sub-project 6. Monitoring of environmental impacts on project surroundings (ambient air, water quality and noise levels) • Brief discussion on the basis for monitoring • Indicate type and location of environmental parameters to be monitored • Indicate the method of monitoring and equipment to be used • Provide monitoring results and an analysis of results in relation to baseline data and statutory requirements As a minimum the results should be presented as per the tables below.

Air Quality Results

Parameters (Government Standards) 3 3 S.No. Date of Testing Site Location PM10 µg/m PM2.5 µg/m CO SO2 NO2 µg/m3 µg/m3

Water Quality Results

Parameters (Government Standards) S. No. Date of Sampling Site Location pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN TP µS/cm mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

Noise Quality Results

LAeq (dBA) (Government Standard) S. No. Date of Testing Site Location Day Time Night Time

7. Summary of key issues and remedial actions • Summary of follow up time-bound actions to be taken within a set timeframe. 8. Appendixes • Photos • Summary of consultations • Copies of environmental clearances and permits • Sample of environmental site inspection report • Other

Appendix 11: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INSPECTION REPORT

Project Name

Contract Number

NAME: ______DATE: ______

TITLE: ______DMA: ______

LOCATION: ______GROUP: ______

WEATHER:______

Project Survey Activity Design Stage Implementation Pre-Commissioning Guarantee Period

Monitoring Items Compliance Compliance marked as Yes / No / Not applicable (NA) / Partially Implemented (PI) EHS supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site Construction site management plan (spoils, safety, schedule, equipment etc.,) prepared Dust is under control Excavated soil properly placed within minimum space Construction area is confined; no traffic/pedestrian entry observed Surplus soil/debris/waste is disposed without delay Construction material (sand/gravel/aggregate) brought to site as & when required only Tarpaulins used to cover sand & other loose material when transported by vehicles After unloading , wheels & undercarriage of vehicles cleaned prior to leaving the site No chance finds encountered during excavation No public/unauthorized entry observed in work site Safety measures (barricades, security) in place at works areas Prior public information provided about the work, schedule and disturbances Caution/warning board provided on site Workers using appropriate PPE (boots, gloves, helmets, ear muffs etc) Workers conducting or near heavy noise work is provided with ear muffs Contractor is following standard & safe construction practices First aid facilities are available on site and workers informed Monitoring Items Compliance Drinking water provided at the site Toilet facility provided at the site Separate toilet facility is provided for women workers Workers camps are maintained cleanly Adequate toilet & bath facilities provided Contractor employed local workers as far as possible Workers camp set up with the permission of PIU/ULB Adequate housing provided to workers

Sufficient water provided for drinking/washing/bath No noisy work is conducted in the nights Local people informed of noisy work

Signature

______

Sign off

______

Name Name

Position Position

Appendix 12: Sample Grievance Registration Form

(To be available in Hindi and English)

The ______Project welcomes complaints, suggestions, queries, and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.

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Appendix 13: Operation and Maintenance of Proposed FSTP System

13.1 Operating procedures It is essential to regularly operate and maintain the FSTP treatment system for its smooth function and improved life span. It is necessary that all sanitation officials/ engineers of Phulera Municipality have a copy of the O&M activities and familiarize themselves with the standard operating procedures. The operator must be familiar with the operating procedures before he starts to operate and maintain the fecal sludge treatment system. It is a must that the operator undergoes a training program dedicated to O&M of FSTP from the service provider.

Below table shows a summary of O&M Steps to be followed. Detailed O&M7 Activity is given in DPR.

Table 13.1: O&M activities with responsibility Activities Frequency Details Responsibility Daily Daily 1. Check for strong odour. The presence Operator monitoring of strong odours even after 48 h of procedures sludge disposal is a sign of leakages, or clogging or an overcharged system. 2. Check for colour and turbidity of the treated water that is discharged into the lake 3. The FSTP site must be maintained clean, free from garbage Manholes Weekly 1. Manholes should be opened from time Operator (DEWATS to time to check, if there are Modules) obstructions preventing the free flow of Yearly the water 2. To prevent odours, the air tightness should be assured, by applying silicon or grease on yearly basis or according to the occurrence of odours. Check for Weekly 1. Check to see if the inlet/outlet pipes to Operator obstacles in the treatment system (Planted drying inlet, outlet bed, Settler, Anaerobic Baffle filters and pipes to the Collection tank) and gas vent are clear treatment from any blockage. system and 2. In case of any blockage, clear the gas vents obstacles immediately Screening Daily/Immediately 1. Removing of screened solid waste from Operator Chamber after feeding of faecal sludge and disposing it properly FS 2. Checking the gaps between screening Operator Once in 3 to 4 bars and replacement of screening plate years/when if necessary (If any screening bars are necessary damaged) Stabilisation Once in 6 months 1. Accumulated sludge to be removed Operator/Labour Reactor from the bottom section of stabilisation Once in a week reactor Operator 2. Top sections of the stabilisation tank to

7 Plant generally will operate between 8am to 6pm. Operator will stay at site itself therefore he should be able to receive the load at any given time of needed.

Everyday be inspected for scum accumulation, Operator and cleaned After every 3. Once the reactor is filled, it is to be Operator desludging opened and sludge let into drying beds 4. All pipes connecting the stabilisation tank and the drying beds to be flushed after every desludging Unplanted Once in 11 days 1. Sludge to be removed from the drying Operator Drying Bed per bed beds as and when they are dry ( ~ 50% moisture) and used for co-composting Operator As and when 2. Sand layer in the drying bed to be required maintained at a minimum of 100 mm thickness. In case excess of sand is lost Operator during sludge removal, fresh sand has As and when to be applied in the beds. required 3. Filter materials of the drying beds needs to be cleaned of clogs or replaced when the percolation rate reduces or drying time increases than usual Monitoring Monthly 1. Monitor sludge level to predict and Operator of sludge perform desludging at the correct time level in settler Desludging Once a year 1. According to the fill up level of the ULB (may use a of the settler compartments, desludging is private settler determined desludging 2. After desludging, the desludging area service) must be cleaned properly to ensure cleanliness and hygiene Operator Desludging Once a year (or 1. There should be no thick sludge layer or ULB (may use a of AF as per O&M floating scum layer in AF private calendar) 2. After desludging, the desludging area desludging must be cleaned properly to ensure service) Filter cleanliness and hygiene Materials In Once in 3 years 3. Filter material in AF should be back AF washed properly Operator

Horizontal Daily 1. Ensuring of treated wastewater disposal Operator Planted from HPGF Gravel Filter Once in 2 years 2. Cleaning of Filter Media Operator Waste water Half yearly 1. Regular sampling and analysis of Local PCB/ULB analysis chemical and biological parameters through a certified laboratory should be done (all parameters required by PCB should be tested and recorded) 2. Maintain a log of all test results with the dates to study the efficacy of the treatment system Table 13.2. Roles and responsibility for O&M Type of key activity Responsibility Desludging ULB (may use a private desludging services) Treated waste water sample analysis ULB (should use an authorized lab for testing) Replacement of SDB filter material ULB (may use an external agency on a contract basis) Repair of internal pipe connection system ULB (may use external agency on a contract basis) Replacement of manhole covers ULB(could be facilitated through a tender process)

Table 13.3: Key issues in O&M of treatment project Issues Measures/recommendations Smooth functioning of FSTP treatment unit • Hiring of skilled operator for operating the treatment unit • Proper training to the operator from service provider is must Clogging/damage of Inter connected pipes • Responsible personnel from ULB should • Can occur due to solid waste ensure that all damaged pipes are replaced • Can occur due to damaged screening with new ones chamber • Operator should ensure that no solid matter enters treatment unit • Replacement of screening plate periodically Irregular desludging of treatment modules • Responsible personnel from ULB should • Sludge may enter into subsequent ensure that regular desludging schedule is modules resulting in reduced efficiency of followed treatment • The responsible personnel from ULB should • Clogging of the filter media in AF and ensure that periodic backwashing or SDB replacement of filter materials Charging activated sludge into AF • At the time of commissioning of the system • Clogging of the filter materials and transferring sludge from one chamber to another, this must be avoided. Clogging of filter media in SDB • Sign boards must prominently display this • Can be due to leaves and solid waste message in local languages and English entering the SDB

Disposal of Waste generated in the screening • Inorganic Materials such as Solid like Plastic, Cloth, Sand etc. from screening chamber will be collected by manually scrapping using safety guards. The waste thus collected is stored in water tight structure and dried. After complete drying the waste will be send to municipal solid waste Site for further treatment. Disposal of Dried Sludge • Option-1 – In case of Co-Composting with Municipal Solid Waste: The dried sludge can be co-composted along with the municipal organic solid waste with the municipal organic solid waste Generated. • Option-2- In case of ULB does not have composting facility the dried sludge will be stored in sludge storage House for the period of 6 months during which the pathogens (If they still exist after sludge drying bed stage) would be inactivated and after which can be reused.

Table 13.4: Cost of Personal Protective Equipments/Tools during O&M Costing of tools

Sl.no. Description Unit Quantity Rate Amount

A Gum boots Nos 4 1,000.00 4,000.00 B Plastic drums Nos 2 500.00 1,000.00 C Rakes Nos 3 200.00 600.00 D Tarpaulin sheet: 9x9 ft size Nos 6 300.00 1,800.00 E Broom Nos 4 50.00 200.00 F pH meter Nos 1 700.00 700.00 G Mask Nos 5 100.00 500.00 H Spanner Nos 1 200.00 200.00 I Gloves Nos 4 200.00 800.00 J First Aid box Nos 1 400.00 400.00 K Hose pipe m 80 35.00 2,800.00 L Shovel Nos 2 2,000.00 4,000.00 M Wheel barrow Nos 2 5,000.00 10,000.00 O Plant trimmer Nos 1 200.00 200.00 P Sludge measuring device Nos 1 4,000.00 4,000.00 Total 31,200.00

Appendix 14: Photographs of Project Locations

Proposed site for construction of FSTP Approach road to proposed FSTP

Existing dumping of solid waste at proposed Dumping of solid waste in trenches near FSTP site site

Stray animals on solid waste near FSTP site Central Jail Phulera near the proposed site

Septic tank in one residence in Phulera Overflow of septic tank in one residence of Phulera