Here Dodd Stood in Thomasdodd

ThomasJ. Dodd& Son: Conupdonol Slood? By Llsa Perse

TheCongress shall havePower to declarethe Punishmmtof Tieason,but no Attainder of Tieasonshall worh Corntption of Blood,or Forfeitureexcept during the Life of the Personattainted. - UnitedStates Constitution, Article 3, Section3

,[ nhis romana cleftitled Corruprionof Blood, II due to a high blood pressurecondition. Instead,he ( f Roben K. Tanenbaum,former Depury Chief prosecuteddraft dodgers.In later years,he would go \f Counselfor the HSCA,suggests, in the guise to great lengths to minimize his sonJeremy'sdme in I of ficrion,rwo inrereslingelements which the service. | ) mayhave conrriburedro rhe inability of the Dodd was a successftrlprosecuto! who had won -L HSCAlo fulfill irs mandarero serrlerhe ques- convictions against Nazi spies and mineral moguls. tions surrounding the Kennedyassassination. In the Dodd's record eamed him an appointment to the novel, characterHalk Dobbs appearsto be quietly Nurembergtrials of the GermanNazi high command. sabotagingthe HSCA, partly due to somethingabout Dodd was the secondhighest ranking man in t}te del- his father'spast. These chalacters are clearlysugges- egation. The Nuremberg tdals are a separatestory, tive of committee member Christopher Dodd, now but hints of unsavoryhappenings behind the scenes currently chairmanofthe DemocraticNational Com- linger. Key evidencedisappeared. Despite the efforts mittee. and his father.Thomas Dodd. ThomasJ. Dodd ofthe head ofthe delegation,Supreme CoufiJustice Thomas Dodd has long been suspectedofhaving some sort of RobertJackson, to prosecutenot just the military leadersbut key connectionwith Lee Harvey Oswald. It seemsto many odd that industrialists,these people were excluded.Shady events caused a when Oswald was hanging out with the Fair Play for Cuba Com- break between OSShead "Wild Bill" Donovan and Jacksonwhen mittee (FPCC),allegedly ordering weapons from the mail order Donovan wanted to give cerrain Nazis-one of them Hjalmar gun companiesofSeaport Tladers and Klein's SportingGoods, that Schacht-a chancero defendthemselves through testimony since SenatorThomas Dodd was investigatingthe FPCCand mail order somehad been ofhelp to American intelligenceeffons durin! the guns-ftom placesthat includedKlein's and Seaport.Coincidence? war Jacksonwanted to stick to the documentaryrecord, believing Perhaps.But the recordshows far more seriousimplications about the Nazis would lie to protect rhemselves.3Where Dodd stood in ThomasDodd. How many Senators,for example,when in trouble tlese debatesis not known. Butclues exist.When Franzvon paDen. with the Senate,get a letter in their defensefrom the head ofthe whom Dodd had inrerrogared,was granLed a reprieve,Dodd bought Central IntelligenceAgency? him a box ofCuban cigars.aAccording to Dodd's top assistantand The story ofthe rise and fall ofthe late Tom Dodd is an Ameri- speechwrirerJames Boyd: can tragedy,a story of how power corrupts even the best us. of Thefiuremberg ordeal had L profoundinpact on Dodd.For twenty years How far Dodd's corruption took him is still up for debate.But the h€has nalntalned silence o,boui th € nost lr0portantasp €ctsof hls par- facts outlined here are not. And how much does the son Chris tlclpatlon.Ee has Dever written about ihe trlal, ashave lesser par cl- resemblethe father?Should Chris Dodd's role with the HSCA be patrts,... Norwould he a.n6wer sellous lnquiries from hlstorlans seeklng called into question? to reconstruotthe trlal.o BoYdwent on to note: Before tlre trall Wlateverthe reasons for his uncbaracterlstle reticence-rh €therhurtrll- ThomasJ. Dodd was a likable, charismaticman. Tall, dark and lly, 0r a reacilonto the horrorsuDeapthed therc, or renorseover sottro handsome,Dodd graduatedfrom YaleLaw Schoolwith a shining a8lectof ihot searingexperlence-Dodd reiurned fron Nurenb€rga future aheadof him. After a brief stint as a SpecialAgent of the chaDgedman.outwardly he had agod;hlshah had whltened at th1rty,nlne. FBl, he was appointed Dbputy Director of the new, experimental hwardlyhe had becone sn tdeologlcalCold Wa,rrior, hls vlewson publlc National Youth Association, a program designed to help under- l86u€doEloated8 by a preoccupstioowllh theCommunis! EeDare.. privilegedyouth find work. Dodd would later tell colleaguesthis had been the most rewarding period of his careerl After ![uremberci In 1938, Dodd was appointedspecial assistant to the Attorney For a man ofsuch views,joining rhe CIA would haveseemed a Generaland becamea charter member ofthe firstJustice Depart- likely option. Dodd did in fact have an oven flination with the ment Civil Rights section. There he fought the Klu Klux Klan, ClA. He joined, briefly, CIA officer Cord Meyer's United World amongothers. "We won some cases,and lost some,mostly lost," Federalists,becoming the PresidentofConnecticut's chapter. Dodd he said in later years.2Dodd was not called to servein World War later pulled out, saing one-worldism was unrealisric and unat- pEIO:IE .tuly-Au€tust,leeo rainable.T followthe Roben Kennedy assassination, Manny pena, in charge After a failed bid for Govemor of Connecticut in 194g. Dodd of the R.FKinvestigarion for the Los Angeles po'liceDepanmerit, returned to ptivate pracrice.When JosephMcCanhy's anti-Com- was a witness to Dodd,s committee on Seaport,sactivities. munist preachingsrolled through Connecricut,Dodd, then work_ One Dodd committee investigator-whom Boyd describedas ing for Senaror Brien McMahon, denounced McCarthv's "amentally disturbed son ofa friend ofthe Senator,s,who collected demagoguery,helping rhe Senarorwin reelecrion.When McMahon submachine guns and insisted on carrying a revolver at all times,,- died in 1952, Dodd hoped to take was caught trying to smuggle guns McMahon's seat, but the state pafiy and ammunition into HyannisDort leader tapped anorher, encour;gin; 'Kennedy,s during one of President Dodd to run instead for a House seat. speaking engagements there. When Dodd was the only Democrat to win caught, the invesdgator threw a tem- national office in that statein 1952. per tantrum.r, Several authors have Dodd lost his 1956reelection bid for speculated that perhaps the sameseat. Ever the fightea Dodd Oswald too was secretly working for Dodd,s began aiming at the 1958 Senate com- election. mrnee. Another of Dodd's subcommittees In the interim, Dodd became a was actively investigating play registered agent for the Govemment rhe Fat for Cuba Commitree (FPCC) of Guatemala,only recently iDstalled with which Oswald was also involved, after the CIA coup that ousted Bear in mind that while Arbenz. He was paid by Guatemala Dodd,s committee was investigating the FpCC of0- $50,000 a year for his services. Despite this background,Dodd -well.-and cially,the FBI had their fingers in this pie as behind the gaineda coveredseat on the Foreign RelationsComhittee. s_c-enes,James McCord (rop CIA officer larer arresred Perhapsdue ro his associarionwirh Guatemala, ar rhe Dodd became watergatebreak-in) and David Arleephillips fiiends with Thomas B. ,,Tommy wereengaged in FpCC the Cork,, Corcoran,the Unired activities of their own. Fruit Company'scorporate liaison ro the CIA during rhe CIA,5anti_ AI9:g people called ro resrify was the vocally anri_CtA Arbenz operarions.Dodd,s serviceto Guatemalaoitensibly ended , :!u chretot rheNew Yorkchaprer ofrhe FpCC,Richard Gibson. the day before he entered the Senatein 1959. Curi- Columnist Drew ously, under Gibson, LheFpCC was Pearsonnoted acidly: also actively supporting nor iust Fjdel Castrobur Congo leaderparrice Lumumba, inothei tar_ Forelgtragetrto are Dot th € roootutrpleludlced p€ ople to sppolntto the sup, C+ assassinarionplot..r And evenmore curiously,after po8edlyutrpr €Judlcedporelgn Bela onsConmlttee, snd 9:,:.t " Doddshowed his rne Kennedyassassinarjon, [he rabid anri_CI_Aacrivist Gibson pr8ludlceby once offerhg a l5 r0lllloDanendnent to be_ theforclgn ald bll for camean informantfor the Cl,A,'aprompring Guatemalr.But Johnson pushed Dodd lnto the post anyw&y.! the quesrionofwherher ne wasever ffuty anti-CIA,or a planrwirhin the FpCC.SuDDonine Dodd and Johnsonwere so close thar at one LBI that Doint brieflv suspicionis the facr Lhatwhile headofthe New york'officeoi consideredDodd for the Vice presidentialslot- the FPCC,Gibson continued to receivea fellowship Aorn CSSfo, srudy at ColumbiaUniversity, a universirywirh closeries ro rhe The Subcommittee Inresti€tetiong clA-tnendly Rockefellers.Dodd also askedGibson poinr blank a Dodd's star rose quickly in the Senate.He positioned question himself which raisesanother Rockefeller connection to the FpiC. earlyas a fervent anti-Communist.He oncewajso upsetthat Dodd ABC askedGibson if he knew of anyother bank account of ihe aired a program which featuredAlger Hiss thar he iemanded FPCC, an widefrom the oneat ChoseManiattan nank.'" the moli iii FCC invesrigarionof ABC., He headedimponanr subcommittee leams about the FPCC,the more one wonders ifthe wtroleorgani- investigarions.Two ofLhesewould touch on areasin rhe life ofLee zaoon wa-snot originally serup as a typical ..falseflag,, Hawey Oswald. recruilitenr Prograrnfrom the starT. As head of the Subcommittee to InvesdgateJuvenile Delin_ quency,he probed mail order firearms. In a recent issue of TIE Dodd and his GIA lllitnesses AssassinationChrcnicles, George Michael Evicaalleges that: Dodd had.amost interesting set ofwitnesses appearbefore his Strongchoumstan committees, pena, al €Vldencesupports the cotrcluslonth&t Senator including Manny RichardGibson, and eventhe Thoms,sDodd (or soneone close to Dodd man wlthaccessto h1sConx0tttse flles) who would later tell the HSCA where to find Oswald,sasso_ orderedwesponB ln the Dane of elther Oswald or .Hldell."ro ciate GeorgeDeMohrenschildt: Dutch joumalist Willem Oltma;;. Evicaadd,s that "beyond speculation,,, ,,two Some of Dodd's witnesses , , he has unimpeach_ tumed oui to be CIA assets.On June able sources"who confirm the above.It,s unfortunate Evica has 10,-D63,for example,Dodd introducedinto the Senatethe erdsGy_ not sharedhis sourceson this, and thar this tantalizing allegation on-Hudson conferencereport, sponsoredby FreedomHor.rse an'd remainsdangling beforeus. Bur we can know for a faci thaiDodd l"hecrtizens Commirtee for a FreeCuba, a groupwhich included was inrerested in the places from which the Oswald weapons came. suchClA-backersas ClareBoorh Luce and Aimiial arleigh Burie-e- In his commirtee Dodd_enrered ..What hearings,Dodd reponed on a sreelworkerwho the report titled Can We Do Abou-tCuba?,, n"-d..-o--i!1"9 armed robbery with a gun purchasedrhrough the rnto the CongressionaI Recod, prefaced with these comments: mail.ftom Sponing Goods in Chicago." This was mJrely a M-rPr €sldent.lconslder the re!ort ... Lo be an exarople ofthe workiDgs passingreference -Klein'sto Klein,s, qemocracy of but the committee spent a good deal at lts be8t.Here were prlvate clfizens wlth a genulneconiern of time ovel on-the orher placeof an allegedOswald puichasiSeapon [[e courseofhemlsph €rlcaffalrs, conlng together for the purlose ol Tradersof Los Angeles. In a curious developmenrro those ;ho continuedon page 20

clury-August. 1996 FIO3E

-. people for whom he spoke as well as the Senate or his campaigl Thomas Dodd fund, using the rest for personal expenditures. He financed his presented as a contituedftom page19 daughter's wedding through a fundraising dinner dinne! to raise campaign money.reBoyd commented on weird triPs elplorlogore of the noBi crltlcal lrobl€nBry ch coDfrootsour Govertr- nent....tr the Senator made to Florida: At the erpeue Internsl &cudtt SubcoroElile€Nd, tooknum.rlus tdpg Pdvate citizens? The participants included Hal Hendrix, vir- of the to nodd8, to lnt€rvle* rdtDels€slD coDnectlotxlth subcorDmltt€e of the Mullen o8tondtny ginia Prewett, Paul Bethel, the executive director hesr{.u8r.Inde,w ol hts r€lusal to YrIk rrro€s the hrII to 8$eDdhl8 conmlttes Company's Cuban Freedom Committee, and several others with hc8rb88ln$oshln8toD,these for0ysto noltdcaaaDed!€lberdublou8...s _ varying degreesofCIA connections. One can't help but gasp at the At the time of the assassination, Dodd had a book project in chutzpah of Dodd calling these people "private citizens," as well the works about Communist subversion in the United States. Ac- as the brashness ofthe CIA pawning off on the U.S. Senate what tually, Dodd wasn't working on it-his ghost writer Edward B. in retrospect seemsto have been an Agency-backed report-a clear Lockett was. The book project was canceled in the aftermath of violation of their charter prohibiting them ftom operating domes- the assassination.Lockett told Congress the contract had been can- ticalty. Could Dodd really have been so ignorant of who was be- celed when he and the senator became awale the book would "not hind this report? That seems unlikely, as Dodd's closeness to the be saleable."'zrThe writer's fees were charged to Dodd's office as CIA would be revealed when his own reputation came under fire "preparation of campaign literature," although lockett at no point in I966. ever wrote any campaign literature." Iroddvs. I(euedy over Natan€a l[ovembergA, 196g Dodd's views on issues often mirrored those of the CIAs, While In an ironic tum of events, it was Dodd's behavior the day of himself at odds with those of President Kennedy.one he found the Kennedy assassination that ultimately sealedhis eventual Sen- it drew press conflict became so enormous ate censure. Dodd's staff had become Pear- attention fiom Dodd watcher Drew quite uncomfortable with clearly unethi- to some Subcom- son. Pearson's storyled cal and possibly illegal camPaign finance Pearson mitree questioning of Dodd, dealings. It appeared to several key staff- wrote: ers that Dodd was using Political contri- TbeDemocrBt who bss causedthe Kentredy4d- butions for persond gain. It also became niDlstrdtlon the most troublo lately ls sena- evident that Dodd's activitiesin the Sen- to! Ton Doddof ConDsctlcut... ate seemed to mi[or Political contribu- Fhst, he node a fulkress speochotr the Sen- tions received ftom private enterPrises. p0- sie floor sttacklng hls owl adninistrstlon'8 Dodd's stafftumed a blind eye,pardy out the Congo.SlgnlflcaDuy, ih18 speech sltlon ln ofloyalty, panly out ofdisbeliel and didn't wsspubllsbed h lltzobethYllle,oapltsl of K8- redly look at what taD88,e few hours beforelt 1{88dellveled ltr bring themselves to the 8€!8te.... was happening under their noses. But slowly they found them- piecing together information, trying taier,gcDstor Dodd went to ths CotrgoBnd lD a serlerof t8lkswlth Presl' selves together after hours, dentTshonbe he told Ule bftakeway Cotrgo leader that the8t8te Do!8rt- to justifu ever more disturbing pattems. nent xra8lnfluenced by ConmunlSts,strd pmceeded to ettcour88ehln t0 On Friday,November 22, everything changed."[O]ur experi- stsndflrn sgslnstthe unltedNat10n8. ence with Dodd the day Kennedy died was the guarantee of our lleaDlJhe, Preridsot Kennedy 1lras ihrowlng the tull velghtofhis adr0ln- mutual fidelity," Dodd's top assistantand speechwriterJamesBoyd tstlattonbehlnd the Unlted Natlons.'? was later to say.! ftom the Senate Dodd was questioned by his own Subcommittee whether or The CongressionalRecord shows Dodd absent Boyd mentions no not he usedmaierial from a lobbyist for the officially unrecognized that day due to a death in the family. Curiously, Dodd's activities this extraordinary day. breakaway Katanga province in his speeches. Dodd flatly denied such thing in relation to immediately back to this, until a letter written in his own hand was produced in which After the assassination, Dodd wanted to fly his staff by claiming that Presi- Dodd statedhe had used documentsfrom the lobbyist in "prepar- Washington,D.C. He astonished requested his in D.C. ing my statementson the Congo situation."l3 dent Johnson had personally Presence Described an amazed Boyd: Doddts E:rcesses Weh8d spoheD wlth Doddsevsral tlnes oDthat ltremolableaft €rDootrand For a man who was very prominently positioned vis a vis his 16 her tbat the storywBg a preposterousfabrlcatloD, morc ol h18theat- petty of a greattr88edy.'l Senatehearings on the issue of gun control, it Puzzledhis staff rlc8,tbls tlmeln exploltetloD that he would still take money ftom arms industry officials. But When Dodd was told, upon landing in D.C., that Senator that was not even the tip of the iceberg. Dodd accePted pdvate Smathers had arrived before him, wearing a black armband to sig- charter flights ftom the officials ofa drug comPany duling the time ni$ his grief, Dodd againshocked his staff. Boyd wrote: Anti-trust Sub-- he was investigating them on the Monopoly and 'Ws[.'satd Dodd.'snather6 vas s frlendolthe o]d ednlDlstrstlon. I axoI committee. HJeven accepteda donation from a top employeeof ftlendof thenet .dmtnlstr8tloD."lBoyd's eEphasls.] We sat in rpplll€d that companv.Dodd was able to secure,in some cases,ambassa- sllencses !t da{Dedodus that Dodd colslderod thle a dayof vlctoryUn- agaln8ithe nfln dorshipsior iampaign donors. Dodd employedpeople on his staff ableto conlrol blnself, Doddl8uDched lnto a b8raDgne casketf,as elp€ctedlD Ws8hlDgtoD nonontarlly. Beacll' who servedno visible function. He lied in his campaignfinance whoBsflag'drsped IngI blttercllmd!, Dodd crowed: reports. He double billed his speakingengagements both to the

FiOBE iruly-Au$ust'l9e6 pope 'I'll ray ol.Iohtr KeDtredywbat I sold ol Joba th6 dsy he dl€d. It wu tener8llKleltrl, tolutrg tho Senstorerse y whon le wsssuppo66d to see t8te ur nfty yGarsto uDdotbe dsnagehe dld to us ltr threc yesfr."rt 8DdYlhst h €w8s suDposod to Bsy..! Boyd went on to describe how Dodd even mirnicked and de- Dodd took a daring stance. He called for an FBI invesdgation, rided those who paid tribute to lGnnedy. The staffmembers were to "clear" his nane, He alsoasked theJustice Department and the so appalled that they walked out on Dodd, shaken and disgusted. FBI to invesrigate the "theft,, of documents ftom his office. The Boyd lamented: SenateEthics Committee had begunrheir own probe, but somein [ev6r Deforehsd vt b€on offered so uDduerd€d8n ln8lght lDto tho Belf- the Senatefeared ir would be a whitewash, and called for public ceDt6redrrorld of Tlonas Dodd.,r. hearings on rhe Dodd case. Soon after, Dodd filed a loud, expen- sivelibel suir againstDrew PearsonandJackAnderson. Bur within Erposh4lDodd weeks, Dodd dropped nearly all the original charges. From that time forward, the staffcould no longer explain away What was Dodd, ex-prosecutor from Nurembtrg, doing aiding what they were discovering. Plans were laid. Dodd;s dealings could an agent for West German interests? Dodd was also the author of not continue. The people had to know an inffoduction for a book by Alfreds what was happening to their tax dollars Bercins, called.The IJnpunished,Cime. Chrts- and campaign contributions, topher Simpson in Blowback wrote of Boyd and the rest knew they could not Berzins: ask the Senate to investigate one of its Alfreds Belzlns,now dsceased,ws8 props,gsnda own. Dodd's allies there would prorect I0lnlster ln the preuar Latvtan dlotstorshtpof him. So they went to columni;t Jack Karlls Ulna,nls.Durlng th&t ne, Berztlg Anderson, who asked for all they could "help{cdlput peopleln coDcentrauoncamp!' ac- provide. Clandestine copying nlns pro- oordlngt0 hlo CBoWCBASSfcentral Begtstryof duced 7,000 pages of documentation for WsrCrltoes strd S.curlty Suspectslwantedmport, Anderson and Drew Pearson. The clock eDdwes 'p&rtl8lly responslblefor the deathsol hundredsof began ticking with the first publication r: Latvlans sDdthousands of Jews."The UnltedSteteB sssertedthat Berzlns was by Anderson in Pearson'sWashington .,Merry-Go-Round,, "resDoo- column 8lbl6for nulder,lll treatnent anddeporta on ot aOOOperson8." [e wes, ofJanuary24, 1966: th€ U ted Ststos8ald, ,s fana c Nozl.'.c Thls colunn hasutcovered seclet cortoopondenc? betweoD S €tratorTot0 A possible answet comes ftom another reveladon ofsimDson,s- Dodd(Den.-C0trtr,), pro8ecutor, th€ ur€nberg aDdJullus Elettr.the WeBt tlat Berzinsended up on the payroll ofa CIA-fundedorganizarion. Gernana €etrt,showlng how Doddhss workedbohloil tho scenesto pro- He also wrole commentary for note WeStCeruatr lnterests. a ClA-financed book, which was given wide, ftee distribution. With hints like these. ir,s not roo Ee h8odellversd laudstory se!&tespeeches about West cern8try, slgD €d dimcu_lt[o understandwhy the CtA provided letterstbat Kletn aid LoDodd during b4s drsftedfor hlm,end enteftetn?d Tlsltols on Klet!'o thesehearines. erpensa&ooouDt. lvhentbe SensteForslgtr Rel& onsConl0lttee ltrves gstsdKleln'B op €ra- Help from Bichard llelms tlorro&B a forelgnagent, Dodd used lrls menbershlDoD th6 comrnttteeto softentho lnpact. By mid-June, 1966, closed hearings were held on the Dodd matter.Keinwas calledand askedifhe had askedSenator In return,Dodd hss ecceptedexpensive glf!6 Dodd to from the Wosteernm agent intercedewith the West Germans (a Persletrrug for the Doddhorde, for 6!snple.) on his behalf.Klein cenified he had.3oDodd denied this. With Dodd,s credibility on the line, who Kl€lndenledto thls colunn thst helrsd ever glft6 6€trt to Doddor thst the wrote a letter in an arrempt to intercedeon Dodd's Sgr8torhad ev €rst&y6d ln hl8 apartEent,except posslbly behalp None for brlefsoclal other rhan Richard Helms, call8.Thlg coluntr has evldeDcpmvltrg€ otherwtse. rhen Depury Director of rhe CIA. The lefter was presentedto the committee by ,.a representative A8€ srly 8,s1959, for ofthe erample,Kl €ln wss suDplylDgspeecbes for Dodd.Ee CIA who statedrhat ilrnalled a spssch is was in responsero inquiiies madeby Sena- on Sept.nber4, lgB0, for Doddto dsltveron th€ S€n- york ste floor tor Dodd."3' Reponed the New Times: trd!.Helns 'ABI told you on the telephone,"Kleln oxplslDedtn tb€ sccompanylDd wmteto Mr Stennlsthat lln Doddhed a6led hln to "coDflrr0 let- thefact ter,'I en enclosltrgh €reulth str addresswhlch Esrry ofhlscontscts" wlth ihe CIA tn obtalnlDg"lnfornation on govlet Blake,of ny staff, nurders, preporedfor you .,. the lsth of Septenbe!wm be ChoncellorAdelauer's as8assltr&ons strd kldnspplng" ln connecotr with e studyby theSelate lDternal tenth o[Dlversary.you, as a,fotner ptosecutorof ry&r crlnes of the SecurltySubconnltt €g. Nureroborg trlsl o.&re the mostqu&llfled Dan tDtbo gelate to renlnd u8of Ur nslmswrote thst lrr. Doddand h1s asststsnt, the valuedfrlendohlp ofthls stsuDchold n8n...".z Davldltradtn, wo& h c0Dt6ctwlth the CIA before and altsr the tr1p. The CIA provlded .oertsln Even though the Washingtonfust refused to run this column- backgroutdnsterlal' on the Stashlnsky csse, Mn Hslns sald, "Blnce s great and liberally edited following ones of a similar nature-word got deSlof lDfornatlonabout th € cagewas a matt€lof rscordand coulal be nadepubllc." around about Dodd. Despite rhe efforb of powerful people in the Serateto preventsuch, a consensusfor an investigationofDodd,s Durltrghls testtnouy, ltrn Dodd sald nothlng sbout coDtsct8 wtth the CIA, relationship to Klein was forming. Another column, published a butltrr. Ualtln,wbo acconpanied htxo on the trip, tes llsdthst he &nd the few days later, was even more devastating. The allegation was made Seuator'h&d subrtan ol cotrtact.' that Dodd had gone to Germanyin 1964 with a mission: The problem with this excuse for rhe ttiD, as Committee Chair- T0sssure KlelD'B D&ylDg cllents thst the gsnatehves gs otr0f hts for- man Senator Stennis brought our, was thlt the Stashinskytrial elgDag €DtoperatloD8 h8d been nlsundclstood by the U.g. Senate.... had alreadybeen held over a yearand a halfearlier, and rhat mate- lDodd'slbrl €fo&sew8s ... gtufledwlth Becret lgtters etd nenoslron ibe continued,on pege 22

tub/-Augtust,ree6 Filp|E F"

Despite the best efforts ofhis CIA Thonas Dodd friends and others, Dodd became one conthuedfrom page21 of the very few in history to be cen- rid on Stashinsky had been printed at length in an anicle in Lile sured by the Senate.The censure, the magazine. Stennis also pointed out that the repon Dodd put out worst punishment the Senatecan in- on the Stashinsky casecame a year and a half afrer he had made his flict short of expulsion, carried no uip.3'?Boyd wrote: criminal penalties. But the censure ef- fectively killed his political career,and ...thegtsshynskl Eport, whlcb SonDet l8{yeri hsdw&ved eloft, lDodd'8 perhaps turDedout to besox0ethlng of e hodx.0f 1tslamed 15? page8, 8ll but2't even Dodd himself. He turn€dout to beleprltrt8 ofold lubllc documetrt8 tbat had beetrmolderlng servedout the remainderofhis term, tn Dodd'sflles for loufisenmonths belore he wentt0 g€rnany,plus the but died a few months after losing his traNcrlpt of sn ltrt€lvl€wheld rlglrt lo lrsshltrgton.The lex0alnlng 2rA bid for reelection,in 1970. pegesconslsted slnlly of aDlDhoductlotr wrltt €nby D8vld tr{artin, 0f {hlch It should be noted that, although ChristopherJ. Dodd not a woldrsflected lnformstion obtatned du ngth € GermsDtrlp ... So Dodd may havebeen in excessofhis colleaguesin the Senate,the qu€stlonln8,Dodd therewaB Dothlng Deuto rsveel sfter sll. tr'lnslly, ulder House, and elsewhere in the political arena, he was by no means ednlttedes nuch.rs the only one to engage in such practices. And what should have Could it be that Dodd, trying to hide the real reason for his been an opponunity to reform campaign finance issues-to layout trip, actually called in a marker with the head ofthe CIA, Richard strict guidelines for the appropriate use of contributions, defini- Helms?What favorsmust Dodd have done the Agencyin ttte past tions of legitimate campaignexpenses, and the penaltiesfor not to be able to get such a favor ftom the notoriously close-mouthed adhedng to certain standards-became instead a careful effon to Helms? exciseone Senatorin order to preservethe But Klein proved to be the lesser remaining power structure intact. ofDodd's crimes.His staff exposed deliberate double-billing of ex- Iiike Father, Like Son? penses; ttte use of campaign funds "Sometimes,I think almost evertthing for private soir6es, including his Chris Dodd does down here is meant to vin- daughter'swedding thecancellation dicate his father," said Senator Daniel of Senateinvestigationsuponreceipt Inouye during a Senatetribute to Tom Dodd of substantial fi nancial contributions on October 18, 1995. Chris Dodd was in ftom those being investigated;the fil- the PeaceCorps in the Dominican Repub- ing of false information on campaign contributions, and mary more lic when his father receivedhis Senatecensure. Dodd only heard outrageous abuses. bits and pieces of the ordeal, saying later his family may have been Thomas Corcoranconsulted regularly with Dodd on a counter trying to shield him ftom the proceedings. strategy.Another Dodd ally,right-wing cIA commentatorwilliam Dodd, like his father is a tough one to pigeonhole. While overtly F Buckley,gave Dodd airtime on his Metromedia show,softballing liberal on many issues, he nonetheless fought to presewe the Dodd and avoiding the hard questions about the campaign finance Seawolfnuclear attack submarine project, a pet issue among his and double billing issues. Dodd's former aides revealedthat the constituentsin Connecticut. headof Metromedia,John Wi Kluge, had beena genetousdonor to And like his father, Chris has curious ftiends. One of these is Dodd during the time that Dodd had been specificallyrequested Tfu New Republicwriter Steve Emerson. In a move that will sound to investigate the Metromedia network. familiar to students ofthe Kennedy assassination,Emerson attacked Called in at one point to defend Dodd was CharlesJ. Appel, Jr. a PBS Frontline special on the October Svprise beforeit wosaired. Appel used his trademark blowups to show how Dodd had not Emerson also went after Roben Parry for reporting that Bush's signedsome ofthe checksin question, despitethe fact that there SecretService records, obtained under FOIA, containeddeletions. was an eyewimesswho had seenthe Senator sign the checks.Charles Emerson daimed that he had a "perfectly cleal set" ofthese records. Appel was the same ex-FBI agent who two years later would tes- The SecretService, however, told Parry "He's lying." The Secret tiry that a signatureof Clay Benrand had not been made by clay Servicehad checkedEmerson's set and found it contained the same Shawduring Garrison'scase in New Orleansin 1969,even though deletions.Emerson never did produce his "clean set," despitere- there was an eyewitnessto th4f signing as well. peatedlequests to him and his lawyer.35 Dodd was the only Democratto vote with Bob Dole's filibuster The Inevitable of the SenateOctober Surprise investigation. Rob€rt Parry Despitethe Senate'searly efforts to protecthim, Dodd's abuses Prcbe: "'fhe Democratic failure to enforce cloture was a key mo- were such that they could not go ignored. when the Senatetried ment in that cover-up." Emerson reponedly had lobbied Dodd prior to prema$rely end the investigation, after exposing only a few to Dodd's support of the filibuster. And Mort Sahl has told Probe abuses,the ex-staffers got together ard wrote the committee again, that Dodd was working behind the scenesto defund the Iran-Con- saying"we feel the areasnot covered in the hearings constitute tra committee in order to end irs work Drematurelv the heart of the case."3a SinceChristopher Dodd servedon the House SelectCommit- In a two-thousand word, 24 count summary Boyd and the oth- tee on Assassinations,his father's possiblerole in the framing of ers put togetler some of the more seriousbreaches of ethics and Oswald is a ouestion that must be resolved.If there was a connec- legality which Dodd had committed. After these were published tion, could ihris have been pressed into helping to keep the lid on yort in rhe Wwhington Postand the New nmes, the Senate could no ceftain aspects of the investigation, to protect what remained of longer protect Dodd. his father's reputation? ?El@ilE .tugr-Au{rust,1996 Jerry Folicoff ard Jim Marrs have both said that ir was Chris l/24/66, vttittenbJack Anderson,as printed in the San&ancisco Dodd who nominated Roben Blakey to take over the HSCA after a Clronicleofthat date. concerted media campaign unseated Richard A. Sprague as Chief 28 . "Merry-Go-Round"column, 1/3I/66, SanFrancisco Chronicb. Counsel. Spragueand his appointees had been acdvely investigat- 29. Christopher Simpson,ElowDacl (New York Collier Bcioks, ing the role ofthe CIA in the assassination. Sprague, tike Garrison, 1988),p. 206 became the victim of a vicious campaign against him, a campaign 30. NewYork Timcs, 7 /20/66 that threatened to des$oy the whole committee's effofts unless 31. NewYork ffrcl 7/27 /66 he stepped down. When he did, Blakey took over. No one did more 32. rbid to point the HSCA away from the most promising leads, especially 33. Boyd,p.221 those that pointed to U.S. inrelligence involvement, than Blakey. 34. Boyd,p.270 Did Dodd know how Blakey would act before suggesting him? Or 35. RobenParry, rir-cft. or Treason(New York: Sheridan Square Press, did someone else put a bug in Dodd's ear? It's unfortunate that 1993),W. 277-278n. Sen. Chris Dodd has not responded to the requests of George Michael Evica and Jim DiEugenio to help elucidate these issues. Hopefully, the Review Board will consider asking Chris Dodd such Tanenbaum questions under oath. $ conthued,from pqge17 Iilotes not giving us any informadon, rhey're thwarting us in every aspect 1. JamesBo).d, Aroye tht Law (New York New AmericanLibrary, ol what we're trying to do ard we had to deal with them in court, 1968),p. 10 which was probably tlre only way we were going to successfullydeal 2. Boyd,p. 11 with them. 3. Robert (New E. Conot,Justice At Nuremberg York Carroll & Grai JD: That's what you had platneil on fuing dth them? 1983),pp. 154-1ss 4. Conot,p. 497 B:[ Absolutel]a We were not interested in receivins doqrments that 5. Boyd,p. 12 were redacted.We were only interested in seeing riho questioned a 6. Boyd,p. 12 wimess, what evidencethey receivedand what they did. *riod. We,re 7. Boyd,p. 13 not interestd in their litde sources and methods, We're not interested in 8. Drew Pea6on'scolumn "WashingtonMerry-Go-Round,,, from "Mission Impossible" here. We,re interesred in who investigated the murder the Wqshingtotr&st as published in the VISA Proceduresof the cases,what did they find out, who they found it out from Departmentof StateHearings before the Subcommitteeto Inves- and what did they do ifanything in follow-up. That,s what we wanted tigate the Administradon of the Intemal SecurityAct and Other to find out. This is the Congress. It,s a tripartheid, co- equal branch of govemment. Intemal SecurityLaws of the Committeeof the Judiciary p. 384. Why couldn,t the Congress get that 9. Boyd,p. 25 material from the executive branch? There is no reason for executive branch ,,clear,, 10. GeorgeMichael Evica, 'iq,nd We Are Still Monal: ThomasDodd intelligence agenciesto members of Congress. That's preposterous!Panicularly, when you areinvestigating aspects andLee Hawey Oswald," The Assassination Clvonicles, March, 1996, -of p.22 of what they did or didn't do, nor for the purpor.r an-yinaicr- ments, 11. Hearingsbefore the Subcommittee to Investigate]uvenileDe- but for the purpose of trying to find out what happened. linquenry, 1963,p. 3433 JDt It n'ds lou who oigiwlu iwited Dt Miehael Badendowrr to 12. Boyd,p. 37 andHenryHun, ReannableDoubt(New York Henry Weshingtor'- right? Holt andCompany, 1985), p. 30l BT Oh, yeah. Dl Baden along with Cyril Wechq is the finest foren- 13. Seethe Church Comminee's,4,lleged plots. Assttsilation sic pathologist in the country I knew Mike becausehe was depuw 14. Newmar, (New John Osualdand thr CIA York Carroll & Graf, chief medical examiner in New York and we had worked on scores f995),p. 238. Dick Russellhas sources who suspectedGibson of and scoresofmurder cases,together And he is a brilliant, wonder- being a CIA plant from the stan. SeeTIv Man Wio KnewToo Mnch ful person.When Mike was with me and ttte Committee,using the (NewYork Carroll & Graf,1992). Z filrn, we demonstrated that Kennedy did not tum his head at the 15. SenateHearings on the FairPlay for CubaCommittee, April time of impact, which would have suggested tlar the shot came 25and May 16, 1961, p. 138 fiom the right front. Mike Baden was satisfied with this conclusion 16. CongressionalRecord, 6/70/63, p. 7046I at that time. rnSA But, after I left Baden changed his opinion. He didn,t 17. Op.cit., Hearings,pp.384-5 change it in bad faith, in my opinion. 18. VISAHeadngs, p. 386 You\e 19. Boyd,various. See especially the letter to the SenateEthics JD: mentiotredpreviously the photogrophs tahzn of tfu sixth Committee,starting on page269 Jloor window at the time and tlw probbm of how someonccould be at 20. Boyd,p.55 the window anit then disappearftom the winda v in 3 or 4 secrrnds, 27. NewYorh Times, 4/ L3/ 67 BT Well, even if it were 15 to 30 seconds,what we see there is a 22. rbid window open maybe 12" and an opaque wall ofmaybe 4, from where 23. Boyd,p. 105 the wrndow srarts.It's no[ a window from floor to ceiling.At besr, 24. Boyd,p. 106 you could seejust a partial ofa shooter's face, ifin fact someonewas 25. bid shooting. Becausewhat we know is, as you look at the photographs, 26. rbid whoever shot ftom that window if anyone, did not wait around-and 27- Drew Pearson'ssyndicated "Merry-Go-Round" column of say, "I iust murdered the Presidenr! Thank you very much!,,There continuedon page24 &rrrr-Auguct,ree6 iri{OilE D"JJD"* ll' Nn* Onlnon,onJ thn Co,rnn-Up 8y Ltsa P6ase

In the last issue of Prole, we reported on Senator Thomas J. assassinationstory is his relationship with Ed Buder, a "young intel- Dodd's CIA ties, his alleged role in the ordering ofthe Maanlicher ligence oficer"4 who helped co-found INCA, the propagaadaoutfit Carcano under the name A. J, Hidell, and his behavior the day known as the Information Council of the Americas. Buder was a Kenuedy was assassinated.Left out were some other damning as- willing and witting CIA Domestic Contact source. According to his sociations between Senator Thomas J. Dodd and others ftom the SIS (SourceInformation Sheet), Butler was "a very cooperativecon- New Orleans part ofthe life ofLee Harvey Oswald. Dodd's sub- tact and has always welcomed an opportunity to assist the CIA."5 committee also had a pre-Dodd link to Guy Banister, In 1956, the Buderwas not shyabout his admiration ofthe CIA, either. He wrote Mayor ofNew Orleans, delesseps '.Chep" Morrison met with Sena- from INCA a le$er to an Admiral, boasting of their "contacts with tor James Easdand of the Senate Intemal Secu- CIA through General C. P Cabell, Deputy Direc- rity Subcommittee (SISS) which Dodd would join soon After the meeting, Morrison an- BUtlef waS nOt Shy about Butlerwas also concemedthat 1NCAmight nouncedthat "Mr. [Guy] Banister has complete be portrayedmore as a right-wing organization liaisonwith the commiitee'sstaff, which wai the nls aomlratlon oI tne then the mix he imagine-d.tte tild ihe tvlayor main object of our trip."r Banister was to help ClA, eithef. He wrote he v/anted INCA to be pattemed more along SISSfind subversivesin America. Banister was ffOm INCA a lettef tO an the lines of CIA s RadioFree Europe or the For- quoted as sayingthat "New Orleans is a logical eign PolicyResearch Institute./ lnsteadofhav- place for comm-unistinfiltration becauseoiits Aomlral, Doastlng ot tnerr in! rhe haid-coreright-winger BarryGoldwater i*pon-." po.t and its location in relation- "contacts with CIA INCA hrnctiori, Butlei suggested ". " "direr, "n ship to Russia...NewOrleans is a lot closer to thfough Genefal C. p instead a CIA ally, Florida Senator ceorge Siberiathan Chicago."2Whether or not Dodd's _,, K__- . Smathers.s ^. SISSplayed a pre-ajsassinationrole, one candefi- LaDell'^-. Ueputy Ulfector'- Butler's co-founderwas Clay Shaw'sfriend nitelyshowhowDoddandothersfromhiscom--A1tonOchsner.Butlerwasthepersonrespoir- mrllee Playeoa rore ln Lnecover-uP. stDle lor PleservrnSLee l1arvey uswarcls ta- Dodd was instrumental in pushing the post-assassination story mous debate where Oswald said, "I am a Marxist," on a record that Oswald had trained at a KGB school for assassinsin Minsk, atled Oswaw Soeaks.Bv his own admission. Dodd knew Ed Butler the same school at which KGB assassinStash)'nsky trained.3 Read- pnbr to the asiassinaiion. Butler called Dodd immediately after ers of the last issue ofProDewill recall that when Dodd was facing the assassination telling him of the tape he had of Oswald. Dodd censure for his activities in Germany, Richard Helms of the CIA invited Butler to fly to Washington to testifu before his subcom- wote a letter saying Dodd was working on the CII(s behalf to mittee, an invitation Butler accepted, but not before Butler per- research Stashynsky. sonally played the tape for future Waren Commissioner Hale Boggs As Peter Dale Scott and others have noted, there appear to be in Louisiana. two strearns of information' regarding Lee Oswald after the assas- The wide and quick dissemination of this tape resemble noth- sination: one saying Oswald acted alone, and another indicating ing so much as a covert operation. According to lime magazine of Oswald was the tool for some Communist conspirary, Both ofthese Nov. 29, 1963, served to divert ftom the truth, which is that Oswald was far ftom aloner, a most unlikely communist (riving and working in right, ;::::ii"J:l??ff:irll',j:J,Tfl'6::'f,"r'"il$L".i:::::L::: wing circles), and not the "unknown quantity to any intelligence lasrAu8ust. service" the Warren Comrnission claimed he was. In fact, Oswald Butler was indeed a busy ma,' on November 22, 1963. was well known to the most secretive factions in the ClA, found Dodd,s comrnents on Butler and his tape are preserved on the life as a Marine exciting, and was seen in the company of a number cover of the album OswaldSpeak: ofCtA-related peoplein New Orleans and Dallas. lasked Ed Butlerto cometo washingtonto testifybefore the sen- The cubaniovemment has for a long time assenedthat the ate Internalsecurity subcommittee a few hoursafLer President Kennedyassassilation was designed not only to get rid ofKennedy, butto derame cuba in the hopis or spurring aieal anack on that 5:lTt1"'fiT:n;1h1l,i li,TiilLlir?il;::,T :ii]:.:: country.The highest ranking CIA officersto also play rolesin pro- usthat Oswild,s commitmen-t to communism,and the pathological moting the notion ofa Communist conspiracywere the two people hatredof hisown countryfostered by thiscommitment; had pl;yed who figuremost significandyin the CIAs relationshipwith Oswald: an jmportantpart in makinghim into an assassin.This important David Atlee Phillips and Angleton. In congress,Dodd was and historicalrecord comPletelydemolishes the widespreadno- James -New the key proponeni of thiJ angle.In orleans,lt was Ed Butler tion that oswaldwas a simplecrackPotwho acted withoutany un- 'Bringuier. - derstandablemotivation' and carios One of the most overt aspects of Dodd's involvement in the Butler, in tetum, was a fan of Thomas Dodd's. In the NCA

FlOilE geptenber-october,1996 newsletter called "Victory" from 12/1L/63, we find the following: "the crudest form ofpropaganda" and a "tasteless affronr to mini- joumalistic INCA thanks Senator Thomas r. Dodd (D.-Conn.) for his detailed mum standards." When Alton Ochsner complained to statement about INCA before the Senate Foreign RelationsCom- his friend on the New Yorkfimes, Tirmer Cadedge,Cailedge de- mittee,which was published in the SenateDoc!mentcalled "Train- fended the reportet saying he had only meanr that such obviously ing of Forei8nPolicy Affairs Personnel." ."politically motivated programs such as 'Hitler in Havana' should Butler's associate in the debate was Dr. Carlos Bringuier. not [be] presented as documentaries with disinterested commer- Bringuier was head of the ClA-sponsored anti-Castro Cuban stu- cial sponsorship."ttJuanita Castro, Fidel's sister, did a "Truth dent group called the DRE, a subset ofE. Howard Hunt's Cuban Tirpes" PR piece for "Hitler in Havana." Who was her CIA case Revolutionary Council (CRC) , headed in New Orleans by key Gar- officer? Ted Shacklet of JMIWAVE. That wasn't the only stint rison suspect Sergio Arcacha Smith. And even though Bringuier Juanita did v/ith INCA. Ochsner cledited another taoe of hers as said his"frst opinion was that Oswald was a CIA or FBI agent check- having been instrumental in influencing women to vore againsr ing up on his activities, he quickly promored the notion that Oswald communists in the heatedChilean elecrionof 1964.r, was indeed a Communist. Yet in his very effort to demonstrate When Butler left New Orleansto ioin Frawleyin Los Angeles, why he was a Communist, he also makes an excellent case for his he left INCA in the hands of yet anorher "former" intelligence first instinct being correct-that he and Oswald served the same man, RichardWarren,13 as well asthe original cofounde4Dr. Alton CIA masters. In the above-mentioned issue of Victoly, Bdnguier Ochsner In his autobiography Undercover,E. Howard Hunt reveals was quoted as showing how "Communists" typically engage in that during the CIA'SGuatemala coup operations,when one ofthe propaganda actMties: three provisionalleaders hand-picked to replaceArbenz was ill, he was sent to Ochsner'sclinic for treatment.t4 lBringuieddescribed the technique...which"involves tlvo Commu- Ochsnerwas clearly nistsstartin8 a streetcorner debate...One wlll defendcapitalism ffusted by the CIA, and was often sent, or sent b, Latin American andthe other Communism...The communi5t5 need trouble, so thev dictatorsto prescribetreatment. In the samebook, Hunt describes manufactureit with agents who specialize as 'conflict managers."; "stopping along the way in Memphis and New Orleans to renew old acquaintances Bringuier could just as easily have been describing his own street and make new friends."r5 Although 'fight' with Oswald, substituting two CIA agents for wo Commu- Butler had moved, he never really left INCA. In fact, he had Banister's "air nists. Indeed, Oswald himself described his first meeting with records expressedout here to Los Anseles" where Butler put "lock Bringuier and Butler in a document he titled "Street Agitation": them under and key" ro keep rhern"away fromJim Garrison'sinvestigation.16 INCA co-founderOchsner also I amexperienced in Streetagitation having done it in New Orleans felt threatened by the Garrison investigation; Garrison staffer Bill in connectionwith the F.PC.C. On August9, 1963| wasaccousted i Gurvich informed Ochsnerthat he was under suspicion.INCA ad- Isicl by three anti-CastroCubans and wasarrested for "causinga visory disturbance."tl6 H 3241 committee member Alberto Fowler was also supposedly aiding Garrisoninhis invesdgation.Due to his associatio!with INCA In 1968,Buder too describedhimself as the samekind ofagit- ard the fact that he lived in one ofshaw's placesfor severalmonths, prop specialist. In an interview with Gary Wills, Butler said that it seemsimpossible that Fowler was anything other than an infil- "one year before Wafts" he formed a group ofpeople designed to tratol But it was Butler and Ochsnerwho did rhe most overt dam- be "private mastersof agitpro5professional conflict managers." age, passing along unfounded whispers that Garrison was mentally He defined a conflict manager as one who would "infiluarc trouble- unstablein an effectto discredit his investigation.tT making groups, try to divert them from their goals, break up their Severalresearchers, notably Dick Russell,Peter Dale Scott and structure, create intemal dissension."'gIs this not exactly what apparentlyJerry Rose,seem to emphasizethe righr-wing aspects Oswald was doing to the FPCC, a group targeted for disruption by ofthis crowd as opposedto the intelligencethreads thar connect no less than David Atlee Phillips and Watergate conspiratorJames them. Fo! example,both Scott and Russellpoint to the Amedcan McCord?ro SecurityCouncil (ASC) as if it were a "right-wing", "ex-FBl" "in- Through INCA, Butler produced "liurh Gpes"-propaganda telligence" organization that somehow is completely separareftom items which were distributed to over 126 stations in over 16 Latin the CIA. This notion is belied by the fact that rhe ASC member- Amedcar countries. Can anyone believe Buder was doing this with- ship and directors had many links to the CIA, through organiza- out any involvement of the CIA? If so, then how does one explain dons such as CIA agenrWilliam F.Bucktey's Young Americans for how the Oswald debate showed up in the hands ofTed Shackley,the Freedomgroup, through the participation of such CIA assetsas powerful head of the CIAS largest statioo in Miami? In a JWWAVE Thomas Dodd, and through directors which included, in later years, document recendydeclassified and published in Opn Secrets,ShacHey no less a CIA player than 25-yearCIA counterintelligencelegend suggeststralslating the tape of the debate for broadcast to Latin JamesAngleton himself! Reportedly,Jerry Rose'srecent presenta- America through AMCOUP- I . Curiously, the tape itself arrived bear- tion on INCA alsotook this rack,as if somehowthe righr wing has ing onlythe cryptic label noting it was ftom and to "DRE" "Howard." no crossoverwith the CIA. Here we demonstrateanother misrep- Given that Howard Hunt was responsible for both the DRE and resentation,the Corso episode,as depicted by Scott and Russell, propaganda operations against Cuba, it would make sense that and contrast it with the contemporaneous records of rhis event. "Howard" was indeed E. Howard Hunt. Ed Butler and INCA were also involved in another propaganda The Gurious Gorso Episode proiect called in Havana." The film was purponedly a "docu- "Hitler Pekr Dale Scott and Dick Russellhave written about Colonel mentary" which had the dual purpose ofcomparing Casto to Hitler Philip J. Corso in a way that seems,to be generous,at variance and suggesting that Castro was responsible for the lGnnedy assas- wi'Jr the record.Consider this, from Scott'sDeep Politics, p.214: sination. The film was broadcast in America in 1966, thanks to Corso, right-wing Dodd dly Patrick Frawley of the Eversharp-Schick Ra- thearmy intelligence veteran, was like Willoughby a foe of theCIA from the right, having tangled with the Agency in hisyears zor Company. A Netr YorATimrJ reviewer said ofthe film that it was continuedon page 14 geptermber-Oatober,1996 FIO3E

-; ending to that quote ftom Hersh is as follows: "lies by our liberal Dodd Part II darlings, Kennanand Bohlen."mGeorge Kennan and Chip Bohlen cotttirued, from page 13 were longtime Sf4teDepattnant employees who advocated a softer line toward Russia than the Dulles brothers offered. underC. D. lacksonas a memberof Iisenhower'sOperations Con- Continuing from above, Russell then goes on to characterize trol Board. Corso as a "staunch foe of what he considered a laissez-faire Scott here sources Burton Hersh's book Tlr Old 8oys. But does CIA." What is Russell'ssource for this? Ir can't be Hersh, since Hersh characterize Corso as a "foe ofthe CIA from the risht?" No. Hersh never said that. Finall, Russell ends with, whether he knew In fact, Hersh shows Corso working amiably with C. DlJackson, it or not, a whopper: and although dissatisfied at some dumb moves by the CIA, he is '[A]fterthe Kennedyassassination, Corso was among the firstto spread actively working with them planning and executing the Guatema- rumorshintingthat Oswald was tied to a Communistring inside the CIA- lan coup. Hersh wrote, on page 347: anddoubling as an informantfor the FBl.11 ColonelPhilip Corso, the OperationsCoo.dinating Board's delegate Russell, like Scott, presents a picture strongly at variaace with to the PolicyCroup alreadyworking on Cuatemala,kept raking the archival record. CTKA has found no record of Corso spreading Wisnerover once reportsbe8an circulating. found "l out that the rumors that Oswald rras ded to a Communist rins inside the CIA CIA had sentCastillo Armas some Germanrifles, but didn't send and doubling as an informant for themany ammunition, "Corso says. "A man namedCarlos was wait- the FBI. Indeedl there is some- in8 in CuatemalaCity with all the fileson all the secretpolice in thing quite different in the record. This episode is well documented Cuatemala.He waitedten days,and nobodyfrom CIA showedup. in the FBI's files that were released in 1977. In addition to Canha And then I wasin a policymeeting one day.Frank Wisner was there. Deloach, the number 3 man at FBI under Hoover, we also have a And the conversationbegan. Castillo Armas had one PiperCub, teletype that goes the farthest towards telling what really uanspired and Wisnerwasn't sure whether we shouldgive him new tiresor in this curious post-assassinationDodd committee episode. retreads.So I leanedover nearC. D. tackson,and said:'C. D.,why don't you callthis discussion off, and we'll take up a collectionand Ttre FBI Infornant Story send him somenew tires.'Can you imagine,with all that money Hoover and the rest of the FBI were understandably they had?| think they were tryingto stop it. We won, but the CIA concemed operationshould have lost. with rumors that Oswald had worked for the FBI. Thev soent a good deal of effort tracking down each source for this story. They Clearly Corso is sounding off about ineptitude, not a difference 1 found that one ofsources was Dodd's subommittee General Coun- 1 ofphilosophy. He is complaining quite specifically about Wisner's sel, Julian Sourwine. When the FBI asked Sourwine where he had . Iack of o.dministrative sft.ills. But to jump ftom there to saying Corso gotten this 'linformation", Sourwine at first tried to pawn it offon was somehow anti-CIA seems an unjustifiable stretch, especially a source in the State Depanment who, Sourwine claimed, had re- since Corso is clearly trying to ielp the CII(s operation in Guate- confirmed this information with CIA. Deloach took an affidavit mala. Continuing with Scott from above: ftom Hoover swearing that Oswald was never an informant for the In 1963-1964Corso and Willoughbywere part of a secretri8ht- FBI to sourwine. Sourwine rhen tried to change his story denying wing group,the "ShickshinnyKnights of Malta"....The group pro- his source had been with the State Department. Deloach reports vided a home to dissjdentretired officersdissatisfied with military the remainder of this exchange: the CIAs internationalism.... I told Sourwinethat regardlessof the agencywith whom hissource in Mdn Scott sources this information to Dick Russell his book TI@ wasemployed, I would haveto know the identityof sucha source Who Knew Too Mudt. But Russell doesn't make dtat characterization. sothat all stringscould be tied down in thismarter. Sourwine agreed Nowhere does Russell provide any evidence that tlese men were to call hissource in my presenceand askhim if he would obiectto "dissatisfied with the cIA's intemationalism." And whv does Scott his identitybeing revealed. At thattime Sourwinedialed a number ignore Russell's evidence that Willoughby himselfwas a good ftiend and askedthe personanswering the phone if he would objectto of Allen Dulles? Continuing with Scott's "anti-CIA" theme: hisidentity being revealed to the FBIin connectionwith the Oswald- informantinformation. After a few moments,Sourwine turned to By 1963the group'sleading asset in their anti-ClApropaganda was me and satedthat his sourcewould haveto think aboutthe matter a PolishintelliBence defector, Michal Coleniewski.... and he would let me know lateron during the evening-Sourwine It's strange that Scott would so portray a defector to the CIA statedthat hissource was somewhat reluctant to havinghi5 identity who, according to one CIA officer, was "the best defector we ever revealedinasmuch as the source'sidentitv would immediatelvlead the FBI had."l'g Predictably, Angleton was convinced Goleniewski was a to the identityof a secondsource within ClA. I told Sourwine thatif CIAwas putting out suchscurrilous rumors, that agency should fake defector. But then, Angleton had a record so nearly opposite definitelybe tied down and madeto put up or shutup.r, the truth on important defectors that one could as easily consider that evidence ofcoleniewski's bonafdes (see Tom Mangold's book, Three days later, Deloach found out who the source was, and ColdWatior, for Angleton's record with defectors.) went to talk to him: And what about Russell's own portrayal of Corso which un- Sourwinecalled atapproximately 2:30 PM, February10, 1964.He doubtedly influenced Scott? Russell writesr advisedhe had contactedhis source and in view of the seriousness of the situation,his sourceagreed to be identified.He namedhis ...colonel Philip Corso... a twenty yearArmy Intelligence J. lwasl sourceas Colonel Philip Corso who is currentlyemployed by Sena- When hisVolun- careerman until his retirementin AuSust1963.... tor StromThurmond (D-S.C.).... reer freedom Corps,dedicated to rolling back communism,was scuttled as too radical by the Eisenhoweradministration, Corso at- I contactedColonel Corso.... lwho,lupon meeting him, andthrough- tributedthe defeatto "lies by our liberaldarlings." out the interview,gave me the definiteimpression of beinga rather Russellseems to be implyingthat by "liberals"Corso meant shifty-eyedindividual who fashionshimself a greatintelligence ex- jt the liberals in the CIA. But that's not what Corso said. The full pert.As a matterof fact, wasquite difficultto pin him down with FfQi|i gepteober-october, 1996 questionsinasmuch as he insistedon expoundinShis theories rather why he broughtin the CommunistParty when he hadoriginally than stickinBto specifics. claimedthat his information had come from ClA. He stated that the informationfurnished by the communist, "Stanford," apparently rep- I told Colonel Corso of the information received from Sourwine resenteda deliberate smear attempt on thepart of thecommunists. andthat he had beennamed as the source.I told him the alleSation was absolutelvfalse. The Doint was made that Mr. Hoover had sub- Sowhere is the support for Dick Russell'sallegation that Corso mitted a sworn affidavit to the Wafien Commission emphatically accusedOswald of being part ofa Communist ring inside the CIA, denying the allegationand that I desired Colonel Corso to read the doublingas an informant for the FBI? affidavitat this time.... A teletype reveals Stanford's odginal allegation. No wonder the ColonelCorso stated he did not needto readthe affidavitI handed CIA would want to incite the FBI to move against him, even if they him inasmuchas he would takethe FBI'sword thatOswald was not had to make up rumors and have people like Corso passthem along an informant.I told him regardlessof hisconfidence in me he should to do so. This is the teletype the FBI receivedon February 10, readthe affidavit.He then scannedit ouite hurriedlvand handedit 1964, regardingthis matter: backto me. SAVincentJ. Savadel contacted Frank Cnpell, editorof "The Herald of Free- Itold ColonelCorso that lwould haveto insistthat he revealthe dom"this date as per instructions of bureauset out in reairtel....Capell identifyof his sourcewithin ClA. He statedhe could not do this volunteeredthe additional following information.... inasmuchas his sourcerepresented "groups" or "individuals"that Capellstated that a friendof his...withsources close to the presidential had been friendsof hiswhen he was handlingintelligence for the commission,informed him that an attorney forJohn VV Stanford, allegedly Army.He statedhe did not like to violatetheir confidence. secretaryof CB Texas, known only as Maverick, Jr, of sanAntonio, Texas, Is this the "anti-clA' man that scott and Russell would have us wentto seeSenator Yarborough, of Texas, and told the senatorthat his imagine? The record shows Corso bending over backwards not to clienlreferring to Stanford,had definite information that Oswald was a CIA agenlSenator Yarborough reponedly involve the Agenry in something tley are already involved in. He turnedthis information over to the presidentialcommission.... talks ofprotecting his "friends." Continuing ftom Deloach's memo: So the allegationsfrom Stanfordare about the CIA'Srole with I told him he shouldrealize that this allegationwas a very serious Oswald. one which could do considerabledamaqe to the FBIif it became Corso and others twisted it to look like Stanfordwas im- widely publicized.lmentioned addition;lly that his refusalmight, plicating the FBI, possibly in an attempt to pressthe FBI ro take . of course,result in his being subpoenaedor requestedto testify some sort of discrediting action towards Stanford, a move which beforethe WarrenCommission concerning the withholdingof evi- would havebenefited not the FBI, but the CIA. And for this effon, dence- Corsowas a willing, if not witting, tool in a clearCIA disinforma-. lion effort. Why Scorrand Russellchose to conrinue ro propogare ColonelCorso began to backtrack.He statedthat hissources had merely told him thatthey knew the FBIhad beenin contactwith Oswaldprior to this misrepresentation-despite the fact rhat the primary docu- the assassinationof the PresidenlHe quicklyadded that his sources within ments on this episodehave been availablesince 1977-is a mys- ClAalsofelt that Oswald's activity, while in the SovietUnion, reprcsented tery I a StateDepartment operation.... I askedhim if he had any specificsor proofin thisre8ard. He statedhe could not proveanyofthese statements. I[ote6 I He thenadded that this entire matter might be an assumptionon the part Arthur Carpenter, Gatewayto the Americas:New Orleans'sQuest for Ldtin ofthe CIAinasmuch as his sourceshad no definitefacts whatsoever. AmericanTrade,1900-1970 (Ann Atbor: UMI DissertationServices, 1993), quoting In other words, Corso is now trying to push on Deloach a story from the Nry OrleansTimes Hcalune of 3/23/56. 1 tbid. from within ClA, even knowing that he cannot back it up in any I PeterDale Scott, Deepklitics (Berkeley:University of California Press, way. He is trading one rumor for another-both pointing fingers 1993),p.215 away ftom the CIAs now known involvement with Oswald and { John Wilds and Ira Harkey,Ahon Ochsner,Surgeon o/tlre Soarh(Baton Rouge: toward an FBI connection. Continuing: LouisianaState Universiry Press,1990), p. 201 s go our conversation DCS SISfrom Dorothy Brandeoofthe N.O. office, dated 28 Juty 1970. I told Colonel Corsothat I wanted to back ove. 5 point-blankif his Carpenter p. 236 and p. 411. and to be as specificas possible.I askedhim 1 sourceswithin CIA had namedOswald as an FBIinformant to him. ftid,, p. 236 t tbid., p. 245 ...Heslowly replied that ?roups" or "persons"within ClA, whom a longtime, hadtold him thatOswald could have Bi[ T]rner, &1!rr on tlv Rigfit (Berkeley: Ramparts Press, 1971), p. 187 he hadknown for 'r0John beena sourceof informationfor the FBl....Corso added that there Newman, Oswaldand the CIA (New York: Carroll & craf, 1995),p. wasa Partymember supposedly in Texasby the name 474 Communist Ir of "stanford"who knew that oswald had been an FBI sourceof Calpenter,p. 247. relatedthis factto parties.I askedColo- " Ibid..,p. 24s informationand had other Ir nel Corsohow he knew this. He statedhe could not recall his source Tumer p. 188 r{ of informationin this regard,howevet apparently"Stanford" had E. Howard Hunt, IJnderover (Betkeley Publishing Corporation, 1974), been interviewedby someoneand had given them this informa- p. 99 wassome- 's Hunt, p. 50. tion. I told ColonelCorso that his ability to be nonspecific t5 told me he was well-versedin the intelligence Carpenter,p. 256 what amazing.He t7 how and the Department operated. He lbid,..p. 257 Bameand knew CIA State ts as that organization lbid.,-p.255 stated he had no sympathy for CIA inasmuch re had quite often failed to cooperate with him when he was operat- David C. Manin, wildcrnessof Mirror (New York Harper & Row 1980), inBwith intelligence. pp.95-r0 Burton Hersh, Ihe Old Bols (1992,Charles Scribner's Sons), p. 411 At this stageof the questioning,Colonel Corso a8ain approached 'zo 'z' Dick Russell, Th. Man Who l(ne* TooMuch (New York: Carroll & Graf, the melodramaticby emphaticallyclaiming that he had beencon- 1992), p.s29 afraidthat the commu- cernedonly in this matterbecause he was 2 Memo ftom Del,oachto Mottt, U7/641977 FBI release,Series 4 WC Sect.5 nistswere promotinga deliberate5mear a8ainst the FBl. I asked september-october,1996 ill@ilE