Issue 07, August 2018 Inside this issue Derby WW1 pubs 08 and breweries The roads 21 of Wakerley The Napoleonic 26 Wars at home PLUS Nottingham’s great gunpowder explosion of September 1818 • The National Leather Collection and much more 1 WELCOME AND CONTENTS WELCOME HIDDEN VOICES Contents So write History and WELCOME AND CONTENTS WELCOME for us Welcome Voices from the archives: Heritage at NTU Welcome back 04 The Ladies of Ogston Hall Let us have details of your news Postgraduate qualifications with flexible study starting to East Midlands and events. History and Heritage. September 2018 We’ll take your stories about your community’s As we noted in the MA History: This course is ideal if you wish to pursue a historical history to a larger regional audience. We’d also last issue, the month The National interest beyond your degree or as preparation for further PhD study. welcome articles about our region’s broader Case studies have included Crusades and Crusaders; Early Modern of November 1918 Leather Collection past. Articles are normally between 1500- 07 Religions and Cultures; Slavery, Race and Lynching; Memory, Genocide, is embedded with 2000 words long. Keep a look out, too, for Holocaust; Social History and ‘The Spatial Turn'. great local and matching images that will help illustrate your work (the higher the number of pixels, MA Museum and Heritage Development: This interdisciplinary national meaning. Derby pubs and breweries the larger we can make the image). course combines academic interrogation of museums and heritage as ideas, organisations and experiences with creative, practice- This is a reminder that during the Great War Contact us via our website at we’d like to help mark 08 based approaches to their ongoing development. It is delivered in www.eastmidlandshistory.org.uk the end of the Great War collaboration with Museum Development East Midlands, Nottingham or email [email protected] by co-ordinating and City Museums and Galleries, Museum of the Mercian Regiment, publishing a series of the National Justice Museum and Barker Langham. stories from across the Nottingham’s Great MA (by research) Holocaust and Genocide: Pursue advanced research region looking at the Gunpowder Explosion in the field of Holocaust and Genocide. You will have the unique consequences, during 11 of September 1818 opportunity to collaborate in research with the National Holocaust and after, that the War Centre and Museum, and be active within regional and national had on local communities. Holocaust memory networks. The stories, based Book a place at an open event on your research, will be To volunteer or not: www.ntu.ac.uk/hum published in our January 2019 edition. There are explaining Leicestershire’s also some tips on writing 14 recruitment crisis, for the magazine at the 1914-1915 back of this issue. We very much look forward to hearing from you. If we can help in Wollaton Hall any way contact us on 17 [email protected] Dr Nick Hayes The newly built personality Editor East Midlands 18 of Ralph Lord Cromwell History and Heritage Katie Bridger, Dr Helen 6 11 17 Drew, Hannah Nicholson Assistant editors PRIVATE GWGC COLLINS COMMONWEALTH The roads of Wakerley WAR GRAVES COMMISSION 21 Stand Firm – Civil Defences in Find us on Facebook 24 Newark During World War II We now have a group on Facebook to help extend our network of academic institutions, students (undergrad and postgrad), local history groups, and the wider community, who are united by an interest in the history and heritage of the East Midlands area. The Napoleonic Wars at home To post and comment, just join our group which you'll find by logging on to 26 www.facebook.com and searching for East Midlands History and Heritage. Writing history We're also on twitter @EastMidlandsHH 29 25 27 2 3 Visit www.eastmidlandshistory.org.uk or email [email protected] Visit www.eastmidlandshistory.org.uk or email [email protected] VOICES FROM THE ARCHIVES: THE LADIES OF OGSTON HALL FROM THE ARCHIVES: LADIES OF OGSTON VOICES HIDDEN VOICES Voices from the archives: HELEN TURBUTT IN THE ARMS OF HER MOTHER ANNE TURBUTT c.1819 The Turbutt family were Derbyshire landed gentry; proprietors of The an estate of VOICES FROM THE ARCHIVES: THE LADIES OF OGSTON HALL FROM THE ARCHIVES: LADIES OF OGSTON VOICES 2,000 to 3,000 Ladies acres situated in the Parish of Ogston Hall of Ashover, BY DR ALI FLINT generating While England’s first and probably most famous revenue of mental institution, the Bethlehem Hospital or “ Maria is quite well she w’d unite th ‘Bedlam’, was established in the 13 century, some £4,000 p.a. generally provision and support for the mentally with us in best love was she ill and the sick came from a network of hospitals attached to religious establishments; it centred on feeding, clothing, housing, visiting, and burial, able to express her sentiments.” not forgetting prayers to help them on their journey through purgatory. However, those with physical These words from February 1839 form the postscript disabilities, commonly the deaf, the blind, and the crippled, generally lived out their lives within the of letter written by a Victorian mother to her son. community. The 18th century saw the rise of the small or private madhouse, catering more for the A letter recounts the untold story of Little Maria wealthier classes, whereas larger establishments might house both pauper and private patients, Turbutt, labelled an imbecile from birth, through the with the residents being rigorously segregated in keeping with the rules of social order. The landscape Prior to The Report of the Metropolitan protect the outsider. Although adult admissions to were Derbyshire landed gentry; proprietors of an letters of three generations of siblings of the Turbutt changed gradually with the coming of a greater Commissioners in Lunacy in 1844, Little Maria lunatic asylums were often occasioned by domestic estate of 2,000 to 3,000 acres situated in the Parish understanding of mental illness, and with it came Turbutt would have been labelled as one of the violence or botched suicide attempts, idiot child of Ashover, generating revenue of some £4,000 family from the nineteenth century. the period of public asylum building. The 1850s less able, at a time when little or no distinction admissions seem largely to have been the choice of p.a. This afforded the ladies Turbutt a life style of saw purpose-built structures that on the exterior was made between lunacy and imbecility. By 1845 the parents or guardians. Census returns indicate comfort and leisure, although they were neither so resembled a large country house but, on the inside, the Lunatics Act supported the idea that there was that domestic staff frequently fulfilled the role of the| wealthy as to be in the same ranks as the Cavendish housed a rather different group of people. Before the a distinction between insane and idiot, or imbecile, carer or attendant of the disabled minor or mentally family, with over 60,000 acres, nor were they among building in 1849 of the Derbyshire County Asylum, although medical diagnosis continued to be lax. deficient adult (Wright, 1998). This might suggest the more notable Derbyshire families, such as the Mickleover (for which admission records can be According to Melling and Forsythe, the later 1850s that the decision to keep Maria at home was more one Curzons of Kedleston Hall. saw idiocy described as a complete lack of intellectual of convention than of maternal or familial concern. found in the Derbyshire Records Office), and later It was not until November 1832 that Little Maria faculties often from birth, whilst imbecility the Derby Borough Asylum that opened in 1888, However, the lived experience that was (1821-1877), aged eleven years, first appeared equated to having a low capacity to reason. residents of Derbyshire who were labelled mentally recounted in the family letters challenges the in the epistolary network of the Turbutt family; Although institutions for the insane and those deficient were either taken to the Nottingham traditional historical image of incarceration, ill it was in a letter that her sister, Lucy Turbutt with little mental ability had been steadily on the Borough Asylum, or occasionally admitted to the treatment and abandonment. This Victorian (1817-1838), sent while staying at Cheltenham increase from the mid-19th century, Little Maria, Staffordshire County Asylum or Green Hill House, family did not hide Little Maria away for fear of in the Crescent with her Mama and Papa, to her considered to be an imbecile, remained living with Derby. Before this, provision for the sick and/or social stigma; indeed, hers was a story of familial other two sisters, Anne (1816-1835), and Helen her family. It is suggested that some Victorian OGSTON HALL mentally ill had been the Ashover Poorhouse. inclusion. Little Maria figures just once in Gladwyn (1819-1839), away at Miss Fellowes School for institutions had a policy whereby private patients When this closed in 1838, the Chesterfield Turbutt’s History of the Ogston Estate. Maria was Young Ladies in the heart of Knightsbridge. were admitted only if they were thought a threat, Workhouse provided care for those considered to the fourth child of Anne Gladwin of Stubbing Lucy wrote that “Mamma wishes you and Helen or the family was unable to cope, and as such, be lunatics in Derbyshire, as from 1839 did Court, Wingerworth, and William Turbutt, JP and [ask] Miss Fellowes leave to go and see Maria soon the institution could be considered less a place of the Workhouse on Osmaston Road, Derby. Barrister-at-Law, of Ogston Hall. The Turbutt family and to see how her little [sic] accomplishments care for the incarcerated and rather more a place to 4 5 Visit www.eastmidlandshistory.org.uk or email [email protected] Visit www.eastmidlandshistory.org.uk or email [email protected] THE NATIONAL LEATHER COLLECTION LEATHER THE NATIONAL HIDDEN VOICES from a “violent bowel complaint.” Little Maria was more fortunate.