Two steps forward and one step back: the majority principle in the Italian Parliament since 1994. Federico Russo, University of Siena
[email protected] ABSTRACT Since the early nineties political actors, journalists and scholars are describing the evolution of the parliamentary arena to spot sings of adaptation to the majority logic that characterize the electoral arena. However, this process has been slow and discontinuous, because some of the consensual practices dominating the parliamentary arena have proved to be extremely resilient. The hung parliament resulting from the 2013 general election, with the emergence of the Five Stars Movement as a significant third electoral pole, has questioned the same applicability of the transition framework and terminology. This paper analyses the evolution of the main aspects of parliamentary politics in the last two decades, with special emphasis to the starting months of the XVII legislature. In particular fragmentation of the parliamentary arena and the character of the government formation process are analysed. Finally, this paper provides an assessment of the majority and consensual features of the Italian Parliament after two decades from the collapse of the post-war party system. Paper prepared for the SISP annual conference, University of Perugia/University for foreigners of Perugia, 11-13 September 2014. 1 Introduction The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes that have been affecting Italian parliamentary politics in the last two decades, or more precisely in the twenty years following Tangentopoli and the collapse of the old party system. Between the end of the eighties and the beginning of the nineties several social and political forces advocated the demise of the proportional electoral system, in the belief that several problems of the country depended on its consociative features.