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Razorback Sucker Studies on Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, 2018–2019 Annual Report

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Razorback Sucker Studies on Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, 2018–2019 Annual Report Razorback Sucker Studies on Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona 2018–2019 Annual Report December 2019 Work conducted under LCR MSCP Work Task D8 Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program Steering Committee Members Federal Participant Group California Participant Group Bureau of Reclamation California Department of Fish and Wildlife U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service City of Needles National Park Service Coachella Valley Water District Bureau of Land Management Colorado River Board of California Bureau of Indian Affairs Bard Water District Western Area Power Administration Imperial Irrigation District Los Angeles Department of Water and Power Palo Verde Irrigation District Arizona Participant Group San Diego County Water Authority Southern California Edison Company Arizona Department of Water Resources Southern California Public Power Authority Arizona Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. The Metropolitan Water District of Southern Arizona Game and Fish Department California Arizona Power Authority Central Arizona Water Conservation District Cibola Valley Irrigation and Drainage District Nevada Participant Group City of Bullhead City City of Lake Havasu City Colorado River Commission of Nevada City of Mesa Nevada Department of Wildlife City of Somerton Southern Nevada Water Authority City of Yuma Colorado River Commission Power Users Electrical District No. 3, Pinal County, Arizona Basic Water Company Golden Shores Water Conservation District Mohave County Water Authority Mohave Valley Irrigation and Drainage District Native American Participant Group Mohave Water Conservation District North Gila Valley Irrigation and Drainage District Hualapai Tribe Town of Fredonia Colorado River Indian Tribes Town of Thatcher Chemehuevi Indian Tribe Town of Wickenburg Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District Unit “B” Irrigation and Drainage District Conservation Participant Group Wellton-Mohawk Irrigation and Drainage District Yuma County Water Users’ Association Ducks Unlimited Yuma Irrigation District Lower Colorado River RC&D Area, Inc. Yuma Mesa Irrigation and Drainage District The Nature Conservancy Other Interested Parties Participant Group QuadState Local Governments Authority Desert Wildlife Unlimited Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program Razorback Sucker Studies on Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona 2018–2019 Annual Report Prepared by: Ron J. Rogers, Brandon Albrecht, and Ron Kegerries BIO-WEST, Inc. 1063 West 1400 North Logan, Utah 84321-2291 Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program Bureau of Reclamation Lower Colorado Region Boulder City, Nevada http://www.lcrmscp.gov December 2019 Rogers, R.J., B. Albrecht, and R. Kegerries. 2019. Razorback Sucker Studies on Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, 2018–2019 Annual Report. Submitted to the Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program, Bureau of Reclamation, Boulder City, Nevada, by BIO-WEST, Inc., Logan, Utah, under contract No. R15PD00015. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AICc Akaike’s information criterion adjusted for small sample size ANOVA analysis of variance BIO-WEST BIO-WEST, Inc. CPUE catch-per-unit effort CRI Colorado River inflow area of Lake Mead FL fork length GPS Global Positioning System hybrid razorback sucker × flannelmouth sucker km kilometer(s) L liter(s) LCR MSCP Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program m meter(s) mL milliliter(s) mL L-1 milliliter(s) per liter mm millimeter(s) MS-222 tricaine methanesulfonate n sample size NaCl sodium chloride NDOW Nevada Department of Wildlife PIT passive integrated transponder Q-Q quartile-quartile Reclamation Bureau of Reclamation SE standard error SL standard length SNWA Southern Nevada Water Authority SUR submersible ultrasonic receiver TL total length USFWS US Fish and Wildlife Service Symbols °C degrees Celsius > greater than < less than ≤ less than or equal to ĉ median c-hat % percent ± plus or minus Φ survival probability CONTENTS Page Executive Summary .........................................................................................................ES-1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 Study Areas .............................................................................................................................. 4 Methods ................................................................................................................................... 6 Reservoir Elevation ......................................................................................................... 6 Sonic Telemetry ............................................................................................................... 7 Sonic Tagging ............................................................................................................ 7 Active Sonic Telemetry ............................................................................................ 8 Passive Sonic Telemetry .......................................................................................... 8 Adult Sampling ................................................................................................................ 9 Trammel Netting ...................................................................................................... 9 Data Analysis ........................................................................................................... 10 Remote Passive Integrated Transponder Scanning ........................................... 10 Growth ..................................................................................................................... 11 Larval Sampling ............................................................................................................. 11 Data Analysis ........................................................................................................... 12 Primary Spawning Site Identification and Observations ......................................... 12 Age Determination and Year-Class Strength ............................................................ 12 Population and Survival Estimation ........................................................................... 14 Population Estimates ............................................................................................. 14 Survival Estimates .................................................................................................. 14 Comprehensive Population Demographics ............................................................... 15 Results .................................................................................................................................... 16 Lake Elevation ............................................................................................................... 16 Sonic Telemetry ............................................................................................................. 16 Adult Sampling .............................................................................................................. 22 Trammel Netting .................................................................................................... 22 Remote Passive Integrated Transponder Scanning ........................................... 28 Growth ..................................................................................................................... 33 Larval Sampling ............................................................................................................. 34 Larval Captures ....................................................................................................... 34 Primary Spawning Site Identification and Observations ......................................... 35 Age Determination and Year-Class Strength ............................................................ 41 Population and Survival Estimation ........................................................................... 43 Population Estimates ............................................................................................. 43 Survival Estimates .................................................................................................. 44 Comprehensive Population Demographics ............................................................... 44 Discussion and Conclusions ............................................................................................... 50 Reservoir Elevation ....................................................................................................... 50 Sonic Telemetry ............................................................................................................. 50 Adult Sampling and Spawning Site Observations .................................................... 52 i Page Growth and Aging ......................................................................................................... 54 Population and Survival Estimation ........................................................................... 55 Drivers of Lake Mead Recruitment ............................................................................ 58 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 60 Literature Cited ..................................................................................................................... 63 Acknowledgments ...............................................................................................................
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