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Annual Report of the State Geologist for the Year 1903

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Annual Report of the State Geologist for the Year 1903 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF NEW JERSEY ANNUAL REPORT OF THE For the Year 1903 TRENTON. N. I.: ~IACCRFLLISH$: QUICLOI.. STATE- PRINTERS. OPPOSITE POST Operce. r904. NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CONTENTS. PACK . The Coastal Plain Province. ................................. 80 New Deep Wells in 1903. ..................................... 84 PART V.-The Mineral Industry . The Cement Indusw by S . Harbert Hamilton. ................................... 95 Iron Mining in New Jersey. ..................................‘ 97 The Zinc Mines. ........... .................................108 Copper Mining. ..............................................IOg Portland Cement Industry. ................................... 112 NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ILLUSTRATIONS. PAGE PLATE I.-Range of Tides at Manasquan and Bay Head,. ... 5 PLATE 11.-Route of Manasquan-Bay - Head Waterway,. In pocket PLATE 111.-Comparative Diagram for Passaic Floods of 193, 1902, 1896 and 1882, . 24 PLATE 1V.-Diagram Showing Measured Flow of Passaic River, October 8th to October zoth, 1903,. 24 PLATE V.-Map of Flooded Lands in Passaic Valley,. .In pocket PLATE V1.-Profile of Stages in Rise of October Flood on Passaic and Branches, .. .... ... ..... .... .... .. .... .. .. .. .. .. 26 PLATE VI1.-Profile of Passaic River, Two Bridges to Little Falls,. 28 P~~~~V111.-DiagramShowing Measured Flow of Passaic River, February 27th to March gth, 192,. .. .. .. 32 PLATE 1X.-Diagram of Passaic Floods Showing Effect of Proposed Controlling Works, . .. ... .. .. .. 36 PLATE X.-Map of New Jersey Showing Extent of orei it Fires, 1903, 56 PLATE XI.-Map Showing the Four Major Topographical Divisions of New Jersey, . .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 75 PLATE XI1.-Diagram Showing Geological Structure of Coastal Plain in New Jersey, . .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. ... .. 80. P~~~~xIII.-Productionof Iron Ore from 1855 to 1944,. 98 PLATEXIy.-Quarry and Mills of the Alpha Portland Cement Co . 112 NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The Geological Survey of New Jersey. BOARD .OF MANAGERS . HIS EXCELLENCYFRANKLIN MURPHY. Governor and ex-oficio Presi- dent of the Board. ................................... ......Trent0 n. Members at Large . Terms expire . FREDERICKW . STEVENS...................... Morristown. .............I904 EMMORROBERTS. ............................ Moorestown. ............I905 ERNESTR . ACKERMAN........................ Plainfield. ................1906 GEORGEG . TENNA~T........................ .Jersey City. ..............1906 HERBERTM . LLOYD.......................... Montclair. ..............1gg HARRISONVAN DUYNE..................... .Newark. ................ 1907 S . BAYARDDOD. .............................Orange. .................1908 JOHN C. SMOCK............................ .Trenton. ................1908 Congressional Districts . 3 I . FREDERICKR . BRACE. ................. .Blackwood. ..............1906 11: EDWARDC . STOKES.................. .Millville. ................ 1907 I11. M . D . VALENTINE..................... Woodbridge. ............ 1904 IV. WASHINGTONA . ROEBLING............ .Trenton, ................1908 V . FREDERICKA . CANFIELD, .............. .Dover. ..................1905 VI . GEORGEW . WHEELER,................. Hackensack. ............. 1906 VII . WENDELLP . GARRISON................ .Orange. ................. 1907 VIII. JOSEPHL . MUNN,.................... :East Orange. ........... 1904 IX. JOSEPHD . BEDLE,..................... .Jersey City. .............1908 X . AARONS . BALDWIN.................... Hoboken. ................1905 State Geologist . (vii) NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY To His Excellency Frmbklin Murphy, Governor of tlze State of New Jersey and ex-odcio President of the Board of Mama- gers of the Geologicad Survey: SIR-I have the honor to submit my Annual Report upon the work of the Geological Survey for the year 1903. Ymrs respectfully, HENRYB. KUMMEL, State Geologist. TRENTON,N. J., December 22, 1903. NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT. - Administrative Work.-Topographic Work.- Surface Geology .-Paleontology .-Clays and the Clay Industry.-Glass, Molding and Furnace Sands.-Passaic Valley Drainage.- Drainage of the Hackensack and Newark Tide Marshes.-Forestry Work.-Co-oper- ation with the U. S. Geological Survey.- U. S. Department of Agriculture.-The St. Louis Exposition.-Library .-Publications. NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Administrative Report. A summary of the work of the Geological Survey for the year ending October 31st, 1903, is herewith presented in the Admin- istrative Report, while the accompanying papers give in fuller detail some of the scientific results. The administrative work of the ~Grveydemands a considerable portion of my time. This wmk includes answering letters of inquiry regarding the resources of the State, supervision of all expenditures, editorial work upon reports, supervision of the dis- tribution of reports, of the proper care and classification of the Survey collectims, as well as the direction of the scientific inves- tigations. In much of this work most efficient aid h3s bmren- dered by Miss Laura Lee, whose familiarity with the office routine has relieved me of many details. A long and severe illness during the latter part of the year ccnnpelled me ta relinquish entirely all work. In this emergency the Bmrd of Managers requested former State Geologist Dr. John C. Smock ta assume control, which he kindly consented to do. Dr. Smock not only gave attention to the routine work, but also very kindly undertook the major part of the preparation of the Annual Report, so that when I was able to resume my duties late in December I found only a few paragraphs of the Admin- istrative Report needing to be written. My thanks are also due to other members of the Survey staff, particularly to Mr. G. N. Knapp and ta Miss Lee, for their efficient services in the office work during my absence. (xiii) NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY xiv ANNUAL REPORT OF During the year the mailing list has been revised and partly rewritten, and the photographic negatives and prints have been classified both geographically and gmlcgically. My scientific work during the year has been partly in the field and partly in the office. Several weeks were spent in the field in collecting additional data regarding the clay deposits and in com- pleting the detailed clay map in the vicinity of South hhyand Matawan, as well as in visiting numerous localities in the north- ern part of the State. A few days were also spent with Mr. Knapp and with Dr. Wellen- in their work upon the formations in the southern part sf the State. In the &ice the scientific wark has been as follows. The An- nual Reprt for 1902 was compiled and proofs read. The Report on Paleozoic Paleontology, Vo1. 111, by Dr. Weller, was read in manuscript and afterwards in proof. That portion of the Report on Clays which relates to the stratigraphy of the clay-bearing formations was written and- Dr. Ries' portion of the manuscript was also read. Maps to accompany this report were prepared. &me time was also spent in preparing maps and manuscript for two geological folios to be published in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey. TOPOGRAPHIC WORK. The topgraphic work has been, as heretofore, directed by Mr. C. C. Vermeule, who has bmassisted at various times by Messrs. P. D. Staats, W. A. Coaiell, J. I?. Scrimshaw, G. A. Johnson and Robert Allen. At the beginning of the year many of the sheets of the Atlas of New Jersey--scale, one inch per mile-were out of print, so that new editions were necessary. This fact has given oppor- tunity for extensive revisions, particularly in the vicinity of the important cities, thus bringing the maps down to date. It also raised the question whether the old system of overlapping sheets was the best which could be adapted. Correspondence with a number of the largest purchasers of these maps showed an allnost unanimous opin~ion that a system of ncm-overlapping sheets, NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY \ THE STATE GEOLOGIST. xv matching edge to edge, and arranged in tiers across the State, would be better than the present system. It was determined, therefore, to replace the old sheets as rapidly as the editions on hand became exhausted by new sheets, practically the same size and on the same scale, but somewhat differently arranged. The new sheets will be numbered from 21 to 37 inclusive, and when the entire substitution has been made they will take the place of the old sheets I tor 17. At the present time Nos. 2,4, 5, 7, I I and 12 of the dd series are out of print and can no longer be supplied. Nos. 22, 24, 26 and 27 of the revised sheets have already been issued, and sheets 31 and 32 will be published shortly. In large part these revised new sheets cover the same territory as those which are out of print. The necessary field revision, the preparation of copy for the engraver and the reading of proofs of these sheets has engaged the attention of the topographic force. In addition the proofs of the Shark River sheet and the New York Bay sheet of the large scale maps were examined and corrected. Mr. Vermeule's office force has also spent considerable time in preparing drawings to illustrate the Annual Rptfor 1902, as well as the Clay Report. During the coming year it is propased to continue the revision of the dder maps, particularly of sheet 8 and 17, editions of which will probably be exhausted at the end of the year. Sheet 8 will
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