DOCSLIB.ORG

National Household Health Survey in Turkey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
National Household Health Survey in Turkey The WHO Regional Office for Europe The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations created in 1948 with the primary responsibility for international health matters and public health. The WHO Regional Office for Europe is one of six regional offices throughout the world, each N Republic of Turkey with its own programme geared to the particular health A conditions of the countries it serves. TIONAL HOU Ministry of Health Member States Albania Andorra S Armenia EHOLD Austria NATIONAL Azerbaijan Belarus H Belgium E HOUSEHOLD HEALTH A Bosnia and Herzegovina L Bulgaria TH SU Croatia SURVEY IN TURKEY Cyprus R V Czechia EY IN TURKE PREVALENCE OF Denmark Estonia Finland NONCOMMUNICABLE France Georgia Y DISEASE RISK FACTORS Germany PR Greece E Hungary V ALENCE OF NONCOMM Iceland 2017 Ireland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg U Malta NI Monaco C Montenegro ABLE DI Netherlands Norway Poland S E Portugal A S Republic of Moldova E RISK Romania Russian Federation San Marino F A Serbia C Slovakia T O Slovenia R S Spain , 2 Sweden 0 Switzerland 17 Tajikistan The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Turkey World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe Turkmenistan UN City, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Ukraine Tel.: +45 45 33 70 00 Fax: +45 45 33 70 01 United Kingdom Email: [email protected] Uzbekistan Website: www.euro.who.int Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SURVEY IN TURKEY: PREVALENCE OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE RISK FACTORS, 2017 ABSTRACT This publication reports the results of the National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey, conducted in 2017 using the WHO-approved STEPwise survey method. The main objectives of the survey were: to determine the prevalence of the most common behavioural and biological risk factors for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the general population aged ≥ 15 years; and to determine differences in the prevalence of risk factors between the sexes, across five age groups and across 12 regions described by level-1 Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics. The risk conditions were grouped into behavioural factors understood as modifiable (tobacco use, harmful alcohol consumption, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and physical inactivity etc.) and biological factors considered controllable (hypertension, overweight and obesity, high blood sugar and increased total cholesterol etc.). The results obtained in the study show the current prevalence of NCD risk factors among the Turkish population. In addition to obtaining valuable information on NCD risk factors for people of five different age groups, both sexes and 12 regions, the results of the survey provide a significant input for policy-makers. Keywords NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES PREVENTION AND CONTROL RISK FACTORS TURKEY STEPWISE APPROACH Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe UN City, Marmorvej 51 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office website (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). ISBN 9789289053136 Suggested citation: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2017 (STEPS). Üner S, Balcılar M, Ergüder T editors. World Health Organization Country Office in Turkey, Ankara, 2018. © World Health Organization 2018 All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. The views expressed by authors, editors, or expert groups do not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the World Health Organization. Data source: Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, Republic of Turkey Map production: WHO Country Office in Turkey ii National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors, 2017 CONTENTS iii TABLES vi FIGURES viii ABBREVIATIONS x FOREWORD xi PREFACE xiv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xvi CONTRIBUTORS xviii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xx 1. BACKGROUND OF THE SURVEY 2 CONTENTS 1.1. Noncommunicable diseases 2 1.2. Risk factors 3 1.3. NCDs and risk factors in Turkey 4 1.4. STEPwise approach 5 2. SURVEY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES 8 2.1. Survey goal 8 2.2. Survey objectives 8 2.3. Rationale for the survey 8 3. SURVEY METHODOLOGY 10 3.1. Inclusion criteria 10 3.2. Exclusion criteria 10 3.3. Sample size 11 3.4. Effective sample 11 3.5. Sampling frame 11 3.6. Sampling design 11 3.7. Selection of individuals 16 3.8. Survey design 16 3.9. Weighting of the survey 17 3.10. Data collection 19 3.11. Training of the field survey staff 20 3.12. Field work 21 3.13. Data management and consolidation 21 3.14. Measurement and determination of risk factors 21 3.14.1. Step 1 21 3.14.1.1. Tobacco use 21 3.14.1.2. Consumption of alcohol 21 3.14.1.3. Consumption of fruits and vegetables 22 iii CONTENTS 3.14.1.4. Physical activity 22 3.14.2. Step 2 22 3.14.2.1. Blood pressure 23 3.14.2.2. BMI 23 3.14.2.3. Waist and hip circumference 23 3.14.3. Step 3 24 3.14.3.1. Glycaemia 24 3.14.3.2. HbA1c 24 3.14.3.3. Total cholesterol 25 3.14.3.4. Triglycerides 25 3.14.3.5. HDL cholesterol 25 3.14.3.6. Urinary sodium and creatinine 25 4. SURVEY RESULTS 28 4.1. Sampling and participation 28 4.2. Demographic indicators 28 4.2.1. Age and sex characteristics 29 4.2.2. Marital status 30 4.2.3. Education 32 4.2.4. Employment 36 4.2.5. Income 37 4.3. Tobacco use 39 4.3.1. Conclusions 46 4.4. Alcohol consumption 46 4.4.1. Conclusions 49 4.5. Use of addictive drugs (substances) 49 4.5.1. Conclusions 51 4.6. Diet: fruit and vegetable consumption 51 4.6.1. Conclusions 53 4.7. Dietary salt 53 4.7.1. Conclusions 55 4.8. Physical activity 55 4.8.1. Conclusions 58 4.9. History of raised blood pressure 58 4.9.1. Conclusions 60 4.10. History of diabetes 60 4.10.1. Conclusions 61 4.11. History of raised total cholesterol 61 4.11.1. Conclusions 62 4.12. History of CVD 63 4.12.1. Conclusions 64 iv National Household Health Survey in Turkey: Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors, 2017 4.13. Family history of chronic diseases 64 4.13.1. Conclusions 65 4.14. History of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cancer 65 4.14.1. Conclusions 67 4.15. Lifestyle advice 67 4.15.1. Conclusions 69 4.16. Awareness of harm to health from selected risk factors for NCDs 69 4.16.1. Conclusions 71 4.17. Cancer screening tests 71 4.17.1. Conclusions 72 4.18. Accidents and injuries 72 4.18.1. Conclusions 73 4.19. Ambulatory or inpatient care 73 4.19.1. Conclusions 74 4.20. Ambulatory diagnosis, treatment and home care 74 4.20.1. Conclusions 76 4.21. Physical measurements 76 4.21.1. Conclusions 80 4.22. Biochemical measurements 80 4.22.1. Conclusions 86 4.23. CVD risk 86 4.23.1. Conclusions 88 4.24. Summary of combined risk factors 88 4.24.1. Conclusions 90 4.25. Health perception 90 4.25.1. Conclusions 90 CONCLUSION 92 REFERENCES 94 ANNEX 1. FIELD TEAMS BY REGION 98 ANNEX 2. NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SURVEY IN TURKEY – PREVALENCE OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE RISK FACTORS, 2017 FACT SHEET 100 ANNEX 3. WHO STEPS INSTRUMENT FOR NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD HEALTH SURVEY IN TURKEY: PREVALENCE OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE RISK FACTORS, 2017 (SURVEY INFORMATION QUESTIONNAIRE) 107 v TABLES Table 1. NUTS regions in Turkey 12 Table 2. Sample clusters and households by NUTS-1 regions 15 Table 3. Distribution of nonresponding household numbers by clusters and NUTS regions 17 Table 4. Data for two-way sex–age poststratification 18 Table 5. Data for two-way sex-education poststratification 18 Table 6. Data for NUTS-1 region poststratification 19 Table 7. Equipment and supplies used for the field implementation 19 Table 8.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Trip to Denizli
    REPUBLIC OF TURKEY, SOUTHERN AEGEAN DEVELOPMENT AGENCY A TRIP TO DENİZLİ A TRIP TO DENİZLİ A TRIP TO A TRIP TO DENİZLİ Republic of Turkey (R.T.), Southern Aegean Development Agency Denizli Investment Support Office 2014 eparedAyşe Esin Başkan by: Now we are going to take a trip Denizli together…. Investment Support Office Coordinator Are you ready for a wonderful trip extending from 3rd Edition ancient cities to cotton travertine pools, from hot springs to thermal mud baths, from traditional weaving looms to historical places, from vineyards to the summit of the Aegean Region, from waterfalls each a natural wonder to legends, and from local folk songs to delicious dishes? ISBN No: 978-605-64988-1-7 All rights reserved. This work cannot be used either wholly or in part for processing, reproduction, distribution, copying, selling, leasing, lending, representing, offering, transmitting through wired/wireless systems or any other method, including digital and/or electronic media, without the prior written permission of the Southern Aegean Development Agency within the scope of legislation pertaining to intellectual and artistic works. The work may be cited on the condition that a reference to it is provided. References used in the work are provided at the end of the book. Cover Photo : Pamukkale Travertine Close-up Denizli Provincial Special Administration Archive - Mehmet Çakır A TRIP TO DENİZLİ 03 RUSSIA BULGARIA BLACK SEA GEORGIA İstanbul L. Edirne Kırklareli Atatürk Ereğli L. Bartın Sinop Tekirdağ Samsun Rize Artvin Zonguldak Kastamonu Trabzon Ardahan İstanbul İzmit Düzce Giresun S.Gökçen ARMENIA Sakarya Çankırı Amasya Ordu Yalova Bayburt Kars Bolu Çorum Tokat Bandırma L.
    [Show full text]
  • Gölpazari'nin Kuruluşu, Gelişmesi Ve Fonksiyonel
    The Foundation, Development and Functional Features of Gölpazarı GÖLPAZARI’NIN KURULUŞU, GELİŞMESİ VE FONKSİYONEL ÖZELLİKLERİ The Foundation, Development and Functional Features of Gölpazarı Araş.Gör. Zafer BAŞKAYA* ▼ Özet Gölpazarı, Bilecik iline bağlı bir ilçe yönetim merkezi olup, Marmara ile Karadeniz bölgeleri sınırına yakın bir alanda, Batı Karadeniz Bölümü’nde yer alır. Gölpazarı Ovası kuzeyinde kurulan yerleşme; Bilecik il merkezine 43, Eskişehir’e 121, Bursa’ya 130, Sakarya’ya (Adapazarı)120, İzmit’e 155, İstanbul’a 250 km mesafededir. 15. ve 16. yüzyıllardan itibaren çeşitli zamanlarda Hüdavendigâr Livası’na bağlı kaza ve nahiye merkezi olan Gölpazarı, 1926 yılında Bilecik iline bağlı bir ilçe merkezi olmuştur. 15. yüzyıldan beri yönetim merkezi özeliğini koruyan yerleşme, ilçe merkezi olduktan sonra bu özelliğini daha da güçlendirmiştir. Gölpazarı’nda faal nüfusun %61,5’i hizmetler, %20,5’i tarım, %18’i de sanayi sektöründe çalışmaktadır. Yerleşmede faal nüfusun sektörel dağılımına göre tarım dışı sektörler hâkimdir. Ancak 10.000 ve 20.000 nüfus kriterleri, fizyonomik görünüm ve şehirsel hayat tarzı dikkate alındığında, yoğun tarımsal faaliyetler yanında bazı şehirsel fonksiyonların gelişme gösterdiği ve hizmet fonksiyonunun ön planda olduğu tarım-hizmet kasabası yerleşmelerine bir örnek oluşturur. Kasabada kurulan yüksekokul ve askerî birim, yerleşmenin tarım- hizmet kasabası özelliğini desteklemektedir. Son yıllarda hizmetler ve sanayi sektöründe yatırımların yetersiz olması, ilçe merkezi ve kırsal kesimden göçler yoluyla hızlı bir şekilde nüfus azalmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum ise ilçe merkezinin şehirsel fonksiyonlarının gelişmesini engellemiş, yerleşme Bilecik ve Eskişehir başta olmak üzere İstanbul, İzmit, Bursa ve Adapazarı gibi çevresindeki şehirlerin etki sahasında kalmıştır. Yerleşme ve çevresinden dışarıya göçlerin azalmasına katkı sağlamak, tarımsal ürün potansiyelini değerlendirmek ve mevcut üretimi artırmak amacıyla kasabada tarıma dayalı sanayi kuruluşlarının sayısının artırılması gerekmektedir.
    [Show full text]
  • A Hierarchical Solution Approach for Occupational Health and Safety Inspectors' Task Assignment Problem
    Safety and Health at Work 12 (2021) 154e166 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Safety and Health at Work journal homepage: www.e-shaw.net Original article A Hierarchical Solution Approach for Occupational Health and Safety Inspectors' Task Assignment Problem Feyzan Arikan 1,*, Songul K. Sozen 2 1 Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Gazi University, 06570 Maltepe, Ankara, Turkey 2 Ministry of Labour and Social Security, Labour Inspection Board, 06520 Ankara, Turkey article info abstract Article history: Background: Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a significant interest of all governments to prevent Received 6 February 2020 workplace hazards. Although appropriate legislation and regulations are essentials for the protection of Received in revised form workers, they are solely not enough. Application of them in practice should be secured by an efficient 14 August 2020 inspection system. Fundamental components of an inspection system are inspectors and their audit Accepted 14 January 2021 tasks. Maintaining the fair balanced task assignment among inspectors strictly enhances the efficiency of Available online 26 January 2021 the overall system. Methods: This study proposes a two-phased goal programming approach for OHS inspectors' task as- Keywords: Legislation and regulations signments and presents a case study. Mathematical modeling Results: The solution approach gives the balanced assignment of inspectors to the workplaces in Non-technical human skills different cities of the country in the planning period. The obtained schedule takes into account the Organizational aspects distances covered by the work places and the number of the workplaces' employees to be audited and Safety management and policy pays attention to the human factors by considering the preferences of the inspectors.
    [Show full text]
  • TANAP Project's Executive Summary of ESIA and Supporting Environmental and Social Safeguard Documents
    TANAP Project’s Executive Summary of ESIA and Supporting Environmental and Social Safeguard Documents 22 July 2016 TANAP DOĞALGAZ İLETİM A.Ş. TANAP Project’s Executive Summary of ESIA and Supporting Environmental and Social Safeguard Documents TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 4 2. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS ...................................................................... 7 2.1. KEY LEGAL, POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ESIA ...................... 7 2.2. POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR LAND ACQUISITION ............................ 8 3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT AND ESMS ............................... 11 3.1. DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT, ROUTE SELECTION .............................................. 11 3.2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS ............................ 15 3.3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ESMS) ............................... 21 3.3.1. Environmental and Social Management Guidelines for Contractors ............................. 28 3.3.2. Alignment of Environmental and Social Management System Documentation with other Engineering documentation ................................................................................................. 30 4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ...................................................................... 35 4.1. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ..............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Reflections of Socio-Economic Structure on Life Satisfaction: an Application of Tr-41 Bursa Sub-Region (Including Bursa-Bilecik-Eskişehir)
    International Journal of Business and Social Science Volume 8 • Number 11 • November 2017 Reflections of Socio-Economic Structure on Life Satisfaction: An Application of Tr-41 Bursa Sub-Region (Including Bursa-Bilecik-Eskişehir) Seda TEKELİ Anadolu University Faculty of Economy Department of Labor Economy Eskisehir-Turkey Güler GÜNSOY Anadolu University Faculty of Economy Department of Economy Eskisehir-Turkey Abstract Today, almost all societies in the world have the same main objective of achieving a more developed socio-economic structure and a further increased life satisfaction level since the development level of any country or any region directly affects the life satisfaction level of that country or region. Life satisfaction, also explained generally as how much of an enjoyment a person gets from his or her life, is shaped by the socio-economic development level of the country or region. The purpose of this study is to investigate the socio-economic structure and find out the level of life satisfaction in TR41 Bursa-Sub region including Bursa, Bilecik and Eskişehir, which is of major importance for Turkey. This study aims to emphasize the fact that life satisfaction is not only about individual characteristics, but is also about the development level of the country or the region the individual lived in. Keywords: Development, Socio-Economic Development, Life satisfaction 1. The Relation between Socio-Economic Development level and Life Satisfaction in Relevant Literature Following a period from the past till modern day, socio-economic advancement or development of societies has existed as the major area of concern of mankind throughout history. It has recently been a popular notion that Socio- Economic Development Level, reported to be an indicator of the development stage of a country or region, could possibly have an effect on the happiness and life satisfaction levels of individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of Azerbaijan Trans Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline (TANAP) Project
    PD0015-AZE 07 December 2016 PROJECT DOCUMENT OF THE ASIAN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT BANK Republic of Azerbaijan Trans Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline (TANAP) Project This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by the recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without the Bank's authorization. TRANS ANATOLIAN NATURAL GAS PIPELINE PROJECT (TANAP) Table of Contents 1. Project Summary Sheet .........................................................................................1 2. Strategic Context ....................................................................................................3 A. Country Context ................................................................................................ 3 B. Sectoral and Institutional Context ..................................................................... 3 3. The Project .............................................................................................................6 A. Rationale ........................................................................................................... 6 C. Objectives ......................................................................................................... 7 D. Project Description and Components................................................................ 7 E. Cost and Financing ........................................................................................... 9 F. Implementation Arrangements.......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • GÖLPAZARI OVASI VE ÇEVRESİNDE COĞRAFİ GÖZLEMLER E. Murat
    GÖLPAZARI OVASI VE ÇEVRESİNDE COĞRAFİ GÖZLEMLER E. Murat ÖZGÜR* Üzerindeki en büyük yerleşim birimi olan Gölpazarı kasabasından adını alan Gölpazarı Ovası, Bilecik ilinin sınırları içinde kalan 3292 hek­ tar yüzölçümlü bir ovadır. Batı Karadeniz Bölümünün batı ucunda yer- alan ova, Adapazarı-Eskişehir demiryolu üzerindeki Vezirhan istasyonu­ nun 28 km., Sakarya nehrinin de aynı doğrultuda 22 km. doğusunda bulunmaktadır. Çevre köylerden gelen yolların toplandığı Gölpazarı Ovası, Bilecik il merkezinin de kuşuçuşu 35 km. kuzeydoğusunda yeral- maktadır (Harita: 1). Batıgüneybatı-doğukuzeydoğu doğrultusunda 11 km. uzunluk, en geniş yerinde 4 km. genişlik gösteren ovayı çevreleyen yükseklikler, Kör- oğlu dağ sırasının Sakarya nehrine doğru alçalarak plato karakteri kaza­ nan devamından başka birşey değildir (Harita: 2). 560 m. yüksekliğin­ deki bir eşik vasıtasıyla batıdaki Karaağaç Ovasından aynlan Gölpazarı Ovası'nı, kuzeyden çevreleyen, ortalama yüksekliği 800—850 m. civa­ rında olan saha, Üst Pilosen aşınım yüzeylerini oluşturmaktadır1. Üst Kretase kalkerlerinin yaygın olduğu bu yüzey doğuya doğru yükselerek 1050^1100 m. yüksekliğindeki Eosen formasyonlarından oluşan Alıç terselmiş senklinaline ulaşır (Harita: 3). Bolatlı, Aktaş, Keskin köyleri­ nin yeraldığı bu yüzeyler çoğu yerde akarsular tarafından parçalanmış­ tır ve yer yer lapya gibi karstik oluşumlara rastlanmaktadır. Yaz ay­ larında büyük su sıkıntısı çekilen bu sahada, doğal bitki örtüsünü funda, katranardıcı, fındık, kızılcık ile meşelikler oluşturmaktadır. Doğal bitki örtüsünün tahribiyle açılmış tarım alanlarında tahd, ayçiçeği ve nohut gibi ürünler yetiştirilmektedir. Akarsu boylarında meyve ve sebzelikler bunlara katılmaktadır. Bu kesimlerde verim değerleri ovaya nazaran düşüktür. Ovayı güneyden sınırlandıran Göldağı-Dokuz kütlesi Jura ve Kretase formasyonlarından oluşan 1100—1200 m. yüksekliğe sahip dağlık bir sahadır (Harita: 2). Bu dağlık sahayı ovadan ayıran yamaç­ lar ovanın uzanışına paralel bir fay yamacına tesadüf eder.
    [Show full text]
  • Case of Bilecik, Turkey”, Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, 7(37):326-332
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL, HUMANITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES Open Access Refereed E-Journal & Refereed & Indexed JOSHAS Journal (e-ISSN:2630-6417) MARCH 2021 / Vol:7, Issue:37 / pp.326-332 Arrival Date : 15.02.2021 ResearchArticle Published Date : 19.03.2021 Doi Number : http://dx.doi.org/10.31589/JOSHAS.544 Cite As : Goker, P. & Cengiz Hergul, O.C. (2021). “Historical Cities As Destinations Of Urban Ecotourism; Case Of Bilecik, Turkey”, Journal Of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, 7(37):326-332. HISTORICAL CITIES AS DESTINATIONS OF URBAN ECOTOURISM; CASE OF BILECIK, TURKEY Associate Prof. Dr. Parisa GÖKER Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi, Fine Arts and Design Faculty, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Bilecik, Turkey ORCID: 0000-0000-0000-0000 Assistant Prof. Dr. Özlem Candan CENGİZ HERGÜL Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi, Fine Arts and Design Faculty, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Bilecik, Turkey ORCID: 0000-0000-0000-0000 ABSTRACT In today’s tourism sector where natural, cultural and historical values are used as sources, ecotourism is recognized as one of the sustainable approaches, coming into open as an alternative method against the negative impacts on the environment in particular. Ecotourism is characterized as sustainable tourism within the scope of making use of the natural and cultural resources, as well as being oriented at the nature itself. Ensuring the sustainability of natural resources, while also enabling the economic development of the locals and protecting the socio- cultural values, ecotourism is a nature-based tourism activity bearing the liability of protecting the ecological system and handing the same down to the next generations.
    [Show full text]
  • Burkay: the Fate of Bursa Is Industry Uzun: Bilecik Will Move up with Crucial Projects Advisory Committee Meetings Have Ended
    Burkay: The fate of Uzun: Bilecik will move Advisory Committee Bursa is industry up with crucial projects Meetings have ended Interview Burkay: The fate of Bursa is industry New President of Bursa Chamber of Commerce and Industry, İbrahim Burkay, noting that Bursa has production in all of the genetic codes, said that there is a need to change the pattern of production. İbrahim Burkay, who won the election which guides development and produces last five years, more than 20 significant held in May in Bursa Chamber of local-oriented solutions to local-oriented investments of hotel were made. Bursa Commerce and Industry, became a problems, contributes to the assessment has a big chance to be a centre of tourism, member of Administrative Board of Bursa’s present potential. He continued especially in spa and congress tourism. of BEBKA. Mr. Burkay, who made his speech as follows: Bursa should be the centre of Turkey’s evaluations about Bursa’s financial future ‘Bursa is a leading and crucial city to high-tech, R&D and innovation. That’s and BEBKA’s role by stating that the fate get Turkey’s 2023 targets. Bursa has why, new fields as mentioned above such of Bursa is industry, said ‘There is a need intervention skills, well- educated people, as defence, health investment need to to change the pattern of production. logistics and competitive production be promoted. I imagine in 2023, Bursa Some variety of products in some pattern. We need to continue diversion will be as follows: It is a city whose sectors may no longer contribute to the of countries and sectors in external population exceeds 3.5 million, which competitiveness of Bursa.
    [Show full text]
  • HATAY GUIDE for Investors
    HATAY GUIDE For Investors www.dogaka.gov.tr Hatay Awaits Your Investments CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................2 PROMINENT SECTORS IN HATAY PROVINCE..................4 AGRICULTURE ................................................................5 INDUSTRY.....................................................................10 CULTURE AND TOURISM ............................................25 ENERGY.......................................................................32 LOGISTICS....................................................................36 FOREIGN TRADE............................................................38 ONGOING PUBLIC INVESTMENTS IN HATAY ................41 WHY HATAY?.................................................................46 INCENTIVES AND SUPPORTS ......................................50 3 GENERAL INFORMATION General One of the earliest settlement areas in human history, Hatay is a province of fellow Information ship and tolerance, where different cultures and beliefs have existed from the past to the present and which hosted many civilizations. Earliest findings related to humans in the region date back to 100.000s B.C. Hatay remained within the boundaries of Syria with the agreement signed between Turkey and France in 1921, later and in 1938 State of Hatay was founded and in 23 July 1939 the state joined Turkey. Hatay is located in Southern Turkey, on the eastern shores of Gulf of Iskenderun. It is surrounded by the Mediterranean in the west, Syria in the south and east,
    [Show full text]
  • Covered by the Turkish Thoracic Society
    PubMed, Web of EISSN 2149-2530 Science andIndexed Scopus in Official Journal of the Turkish Thoracic Society ISSUE 6 November 2020 VOLUME Original Articles Endothelial Dysfunction in Children with Recurrent Wheezing Nataliia Makieieva et al.; Kharkiv, Ukraine 21 Persistent Breathlessness after Pulmonary Embolism Patrick Flood-Page; Newport, UK Supplementation Effect on Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infections Daisy Khera et al.; Jodhpur, India Tobacco Products Selling Websites Tülin Çoban et al.; Ankara, Çanakkale, Adana, İzmir, Eskişehir, İstanbul, Turkey Screening OSA; Considering Age, Gender and Comorbidities Burcu Oktay Arslan et al.; İzmir, Turkey DWI Diagnostic Values in Pulmonary Lesions Masoud Mahdavi Rashed et al.; Mashhad, Iran Antibiotics in COPD Exacerbations Yelda Varol et al.; İzmir, İstanbul, Turkey Pharmacological Smoking Cessation Treatment in Patients Using Cigarette and E-cigarette Pelin Duru Çetinkaya et al.; Adana, Turkey Reviews The World's New Agenda: COVID-19 Oğuz Karcıoğlu et al.; Ankara, Mersin, Denizli, Düzce, Ordu, Hatay, Bingöl, Turkey Turkish Thoracic Society Perspectives for COVID-19 Nurdan Köktürk et al.; Ankara, İzmir, Denizli, İstanbul, Erzurum, Diyarbakır, Hatay, Manisa, Adana, Edirne, Gaziantep, Antalya, Turkey Rheumatological Diseases in Denim Sandblasters Osman Elbek; İstanbul, Turkey COVID-19 Treatment at a Glance Hüseyin Arıkan et al.; Van, Rize, İstanbul, Ankara, Adana, Kütahya, Hatay, Bilecik, Denizli, Bursa, Ardahan, Kahramanmaraş, Düzce, Siirt, İzmir, Eskişehir, Ordu, Erzurum, Turkey www.turkthoracj.org
    [Show full text]
  • Syrian Refugees in the Turkish Labour Marketpdf
    Syrian Refugees in the Turkish Labour Market Luis Pinedo Caro∗ ILO Office in Turkey February 9, 2020 1 Introduction The succession of revolts that followed the Arab Spring was typically characterized by short-termed demonstrations and/or outbursts of violence in most of the affected countries; all but one: Syria. Since March 2011 until now none of the multiple belligerents fighting in Syria have been able to regain full control of the country, causing, according to UNHCR, more than 5.68 millions1 of registered refugees of which 3.6 millions 2 were welcomed by Turkey under the temporary protection regime.3 For Turkey in particular, this unprecedented situation has not only produced a humanitarian emergency but also has likely affected the lives of millions of Turkish people. In this context, the demand for policy responses is pressing and so does the demand for relevant information. This report aims, precisely, at filling this information gap by providing statistics on Syrians' living and working conditions, on possible internal migration patterns and on the impact of providing refugees with work permits. The use of microdata when informing about the Syrian refugees' crisis has been scarce. Some research has been conducted using macroeconomic data with regards to the Syrians' regional presence. For example Konun & T¨umen(2016) and T¨umen(2016) study the effect of Syrian refugees on the price level of goods, finding that the goods whose production process intensely employs informal workers showcased a decline in their prices. This is explained by Syrian workers replacing Turkish natives in informal jobs at a cheaper rate, passing the lower labour costs onto the goods' prices.
    [Show full text]