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Sally Sutton,Brian Lovelock | 32 pages | 29 Oct 2015 | Candlewick Press,U.S. | 9780763679750 | English | Cambrudge, MA, United States Construction Company for Global & Modular Construction - Fluor

Maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery , building infrastructure, and supporting utilities in industrial, business, governmental, and residential installations. is the discipline of safely and efficiently tearing down buildings and other artificial structures. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction , which involves taking a building apart while carefully preserving valuable elements for reuse purposes recycling - see also circular economy. Construction is a major source of employment in most countries; high reliance on small businesses, and under-representation of women are common traits. For example:. According to McKinsey research, productivity growth per worker in construction has lagged behind many other industries across different countries including in the United States and in European countries. In the United States, construction productivity per worker has declined by half since the s. The twenty-five largest countries in the world by construction GVA [37]. Large-scale construction requires collaboration across multiple disciplines. A normally manages the budget on the job, and a construction manager , design engineer , construction engineer or supervises it. Those involved with the design and execution must consider requirements and legal issues, environmental impact of the project, scheduling , budgeting and bidding , , availability and transportation of building materials , logistics, and inconvenience to the public, including those caused by construction delays. There are many routes to the different careers within the construction industry. There are three main tiers based on educational background and training, which vary by country:. Unskilled and semi-skilled workers provide general site labor, often have few or no construction qualifications, and may receive basic site training. Skilled tradespeople have typically served apprenticeships sometimes in labor unions or received technical training; this group also includes on-site managers who possess extensive knowledge and experience in their craft or profession. Skilled manual occupations include carpenters , , , , operators and masons , as well as those involved in project management. In the UK these require further education qualifications, often in vocational subject areas, undertaken either directly after completing compulsory education or through "on the job" apprenticeships. Professional, technical and managerial personnel often have higher education qualifications, usually graduate degrees , and are trained to design and manage construction processes. These roles require more training as they demand greater technical knowledge, and involve more legal responsibility. Example roles and qualification routes include:. Construction is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world, incurring more occupational fatalities than any other sector in both the United States and in the European Union. Other safety risks for workers in construction include hearing loss due to high noise exposure, musculoskeletal injury , chemical exposure, and high levels of stress. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 28 September For other uses, see Construction disambiguation. Process of the building or assembling of a building or infrastructure. Main article: of construction. See also: History of . This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. August Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: . Main article: . Main article: Architectural plan. This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. October Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: . Main article: Design—bid—build. Main article: Design-build. Main article: . Main article: New-construction building commissioning. Main article: Maintenance technical. Main article: Demolition. See also: List of construction trades. See also: Construction site safety. Main article: Sustainability in construction. Fast-track construction becomes the norm. Architectural Record. Archived from the original on 16 February Retrieved 8 August Institution of Civil Engineers. Retrieved 15 May Collaborative Construction Procurement and Improved Value. Construction Law: From Beginner to Practitioner. Retrieved 16 September Fortune . Construction Equipment Guide. Retrieved The Latest Methods of Construction Design. Retrieved 5 August All actions which have the objective of retaining or restoring an item in or to a state in which it can perform its required function. These include the combination of all technical and corresponding administrative, managerial, and supervision actions. Building Design and Construction. Retrieved 29 April Retrieved 30 April Retrieved 3 May PBC Today. Reuters Economic News. United States Census Bureau. Accessed: 29 April US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Briefing Paper: Construction industry: statistics and policy. London: of Commons Library. Briefing Paper: Business statistics. GMB Union. The Economist. Retrieved 26 June TH Services. Archived from the original on 4 March Retrieved 4 March National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. Retrieved 3 August European Commission. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved 6 August CPWR, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Retrieved 21 January Home construction . Architecture Construction Timeline of architecture Water supply and sanitation. Construction law Site safety Zoning. . Architectural engineering Building services engineering Civil engineering Structural engineering Environmental engineering . List . List of building materials Millwork Construction equipment theft Construction management Demolition Design—build Design—bid—build Heavy equipment Sustainability in construction . Outline Category. Construction industry by country. Tallest buildings and structures. History Storey. British Empire and Commonwealth European Union. Commonwealth of Nations. From a construction standpoint, the sector added back , jobs following a decline of , in April. Employment in building construction rose by ,, while heavy and civil engineering jobs increased by 33, Specialty trade contractors added , jobs. As state and local governments continue to loosen rules on business activity, hiring will certainly pick back up and the economy will move forward. However, this recovery will be a very long and slow process fraught will potential pitfalls. The easy lifting will come first. With the massive negative numbers in April, there was bound to be an immediate jump in employment as people started returning to work. That jump has come sooner than expected, but growth in the second half of the year will nevertheless be slow-going. This was, by far, the largest collapse of the labor market since the Great Depression. March job losses were revised down to , and, combined with April, sum to These losses dwarf the 8. The suddenness of the downturn was stunning. As recently as February, the job market had been growing for months and the unemployment rate had fallen to a year low of 3. Furthermore, the current unemployment rate does not include the 5. The April figures shattered previous historical records. Previously, the largest one-month decline in employment had occurred in September when 2. The previous record for the highest unemployment rates where records only go back to was Job declines were widespread across industries in April. Construction lost , jobs with most of the losses coming from Specialty Trades, which fell by , But other industries were hit even harder: the greatest losses came from leisure and hospitality where 7. Most of these jobs came from restaurants and bars, which were down 5. The retail sector lost 2. Education and healthcare lost a combined 2. Even government employment was down , with most losses coming from local governments where , employees were laid off, mostly due to school closures. As many states slowly begin to reopen during the month of May, job losses should begin to abate. Still, it will be many more months before the economy, and the job market, return to any sense of normalcy. Weakness was widespread. Consumer spending dropped 7. Within consumer spending, the only category to post growth in the quarter was nondurable goods aka groceries and other consumables. Private investment fell back 5. Stark declines were evident in both nonresidential structures and equipment, the business portions of private investment. Separately, Dodge reported that first-quarter single family starts were the strongest since Government spending also increased, but by a tepid 0. Of course, the first quarter ended with March, before the full force of shutdowns, increased unemployment, and physical distancing were fully accounted for in economic data. And this may turn out to be an overly optimistic projection. As the year transitions into the second half and as the country gradually reopens, the economy will rebound. However, the growth trajectory will depend largely on the track of the virus and how well it can be contained as stay-at-home orders are eased. Tracking, measuring, and very gradual re-opening will be key to a sustained recovery. GDP growth could be reduced by nearly 0. If the outbreak is contained quickly, U. The most notable impact comes from supply chains for goods from China. These supply chains have been crimped as Chinese workers remain at home, causing production to fall substantially. Here in the U. Apple Inc. Even N. L hockey players have noted the shrinking supply of hockey sticks. Consumer sentiment is also taking a hit. Should containment of the virus be elusive, we could see consumer spending and business investment sour — which could cause a further drag on U. The construction industry is also not immune to challenges presented by the outbreak. If the virus is not quickly contained and quarantines remain intact, supplies will continue to tighten causing building costs to continue to escalate, and potentially causing projects to be delayed or cancelled outright. The exact extent to which this happens will depend on the ability of U. Note though, that many Asian countries, such as Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam that also export building products to the U. At present, our outlook continues to expect a modest decline in construction starts in The current outbreak is one of many issues facing the U. The issue, however, remains in flux. Uncover unique insights. Gain an edge. Download reports and hire expert researchers. What is the Construction Outlook for ? Sizeable pullbacks in building activity pulls month lower Read More. Read More. Sign up for any of our e-newsletters and receive key insights and industry trends. Dodge Construction Central The 1st market intelligence and collaboration platform for the construction industry. Email Share Tweet Pin. Employment Growth Slows in September. By Richard Branch, Chief Economist Total nonfarm payrolls rose by , in September as momentum in the labor market eased following gains of 1. Employment Gains Continue in August. Labor Market Continues to Heal. May Employment Surprises to the Upside. Job Market Loses Construction Starts. Solutions That Grow Your Business. Boost your spec rate. Find, get specified and installed in more projects. Bid better. Win more. Find, bid and win the most profitable projects. Find products for your projects. Link to Dodge. Nourish your business. Pipe Dodge data directly into your business. Call Dodge today at: OR. Fill out the form below to get more information. Thank you for your interest. We will reach out to you shortly. Find Projects - Thank you for your interest. Market Dynamics. Construction - Wikipedia

Membranes of hides are strong in tension stresses imposed by stretching forces , but poles must be added to take compression stresses imposed by compacting forces. Indeed, much of the is the search for more sophisticated solutions to the same basic problems that the tent was set out to solve. The tent has continued in use to the present. The agricultural revolution , dated to about 10, bce , gave a major impetus to construction. People no longer traveled in search of game or followed their herds but stayed in one place to tend their fields. Dwellings began to be more permanent. Archaeological records are scanty, but in the Middle East are found the remains of whole villages of round dwellings called tholoi , whose are made of packed ; all traces of roofs have disappeared. In Europe tholoi were built of dry-laid stone with domed roofs; there are still surviving examples of more recent construction of these beehive structures in the Alps. In later Middle Eastern tholoi a rectangular antechamber or entrance appeared, attached to the main circular chamber—the first examples of the rectangular plan form in building. Still later the circular form was dropped in favour of the rectangle as dwellings were divided into more rooms and more dwellings were placed together in settlements. The tholoi marked an important step in the search for durability; they were the beginning of construction. Evidence of composite construction of clay and wood , the so-called wattle-and-daub method, is also found in Europe and the Middle East. The walls were made of small saplings or reeds, which were easy to cut with stone tools. They were driven into the ground, tied together laterally with vegetable fibres, and then plastered over with wet clay to give added rigidity and weatherproofing. The roofs have not survived, but the structures were probably covered with crude thatch or bundled reeds. Both round and rectangular forms are found, usually with central hearths. Heavier timber buildings also appeared in New Stone Age cultures , although the difficulties of cutting large trees with stone tools limited the use of sizable timbers to frames. These frames were usually rectangular in plan, with a central row of columns to support a ridgepole and matching rows of columns along the long walls; rafters were run from the ridgepole to the beams. The lateral stability of the frame was achieved by burying the columns deep in the ground; the ridgepole and rafters were then tied to the columns with vegetable fibres. The usual roofing material was thatch : dried grasses or reeds tied together in small bundles, which in turn were tied in an overlapping pattern to the light wooden poles that spanned between the rafters. Horizontal thatched roofs leak rain badly, but, if they are placed at the proper angle, the rainwater runs off before it has time to soak through. Primitive builders soon determined the pitch that would shed the water but not the thatch. Many types of infill were used in the walls of these frame , including clay, wattle and daub , tree bark favoured by American Woodland Indians , and thatch. In Polynesia and Indonesia , where such houses are still built, they are raised above the ground on stilts for security and dryness; the roofing is often made of leaves and the walls are largely open to allow air movement for natural cooling. Another variation of the frame was found in Egypt and the Middle East, where timbers were substituted for bundles of reeds. Construction Article Media Additional Info. Article Contents. Home Engineering Civil Engineering. Print print Print. Table Of Contents. Facebook Twitter. Give Feedback External Websites. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. External Websites. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. See Article History. Please tell us where you read or heard it including the quote, if possible. Test Your Knowledge - and learn some interesting things along the way. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! You can never have too much storage. What Does 'Eighty-Six' Mean? We're intent on clearing it up 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'? We're gonna stop you right there Literally How to use a word that literally drives some pe Is Singular 'They' a Better Choice? Name that government! Or something like that. Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? Do you know the person or title these quotes desc Login or Register. Save Word. Definition of construction. Keep scrolling for more. Synonyms for construction Synonyms erection , structure Visit the Thesaurus for More. Examples of construction in a Sentence Construction of the new will begin in the spring. First Known Use of construction 14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1. History and Etymology for construction see construct entry 1. Learn More about construction. Time Traveler for construction The first known use of construction was in the 14th century See more words from the same century. Dictionary Entries near construction construal construct construct form construction construction bond constructionism constructionist See More Nearby Entries. Phrases Related to construction in construction under construction. More Definitions for construction. construction | History, Types, Examples, & Facts | Britannica

Words related to construction development , manufacture , system , planning , plan , structure , figure , shape , invention , elevation , mold , contour , cut , fabric , turn , edifice , arrangement , build , type , composition. IBM plans a huge leap in superfast quantum computing by rhhackettfortune September 15, Fortune. Nikola shares slump after blanket denial of short-seller report radmarya September 11, Fortune. The Reconstruction of Edwin C. Shadows of the Stage William Winter. Derived forms of construction constructional , adjective constructionally , adverb. Do You Know This Word? With a large selection of roll-offs and a dedicated team of service representatives, drivers and Builders Direct support, Waste Management will take care of your waste and recycling the right way so you can get the job done. Nor will it work in handling the waste these projects produce. With a variety of solutions, we can help you dispose of construction and demolition waste in a timely and efficient manner. No project is too big or small for our roll-off dumpsters. And with convenient online tools, ordering a roll-off is a breeze. Then, all you have to do is fill it up. Not sure if those leftover materials are recyclable? Some examples of recyclable construction debris include:. During projects, they work to avoid and resolve conflicts that arise. In each case, the lawyer facilitates an exchange of obligations that matches the reality of the project. Design-bid-build is the most common and well-established method of construction procurement. In this arrangement, the architect , engineer or builder acts for the client as the project coordinator. They design the works, prepare specifications and design deliverables models, drawings, etc , administer the contract, tender the works, and manage the works from inception to completion. In parallel, there are direct contractual links between the client and the main contractor, who, in turn, has direct contractual relationships with subcontractors. The arrangement continues until the project is ready for handover. Design-build became more common from the late 20th century, and involves the client contracting a single entity to provide design and construction. In some cases, the design-build package can also include finding the site, arranging funding and applying for all necessary statutory consents. Often this will be a consortium involving a design firm and a contractor sometimes more than one of each. In the United States, departments of transportation usually use design-build contracts as a way of progressing projects where states lack the skills or resources, particularly for very large projects. In a construction management arrangement, the client enters into separate contracts with the designer architect or engineer , a construction manager , and individual trade contractors. The client takes on the contractual role, while the construction or project manager provides the active role of managing the separate trade contracts, and ensuring that they complete all work smoothly and effectively together. This approach is often used to speed up procurement processes, to allow the client greater flexibility in design variation throughout the contract, to enable the appointment of individual work contractors, to separate contractual responsibility on each individual throughout the contract, and to provide greater client control. In the industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality. Most commonly ie: in a design-bid-build project , the design team is employed by i. Depending upon the type of project, a design team may include , civil engineers , mechanical engineers , electrical engineers , structural engineers , fire protection engineers , planning consultants , architectural consultants, and archaeological consultants. A 'lead designer' will normally be identified to help coordinate different disciplinary inputs to the overall design. This may be aided by integration of previously separate disciplines often undertaken by separate firms into multi-disciplinary firms with experts from all related fields, [18] or by firms establishing relationships to support design-build processes. The increasing complexity of construction projects creates the need for design professionals trained in all phases of a project's life-cycle and develop an appreciation of the asset as an advanced technological system requiring close integration of many sub-systems and their individual components, including sustainability. For buildings, building engineering is an emerging discipline that attempts to meet this new challenge. Traditionally, design has involved the production of sketches , architectural and engineering drawings , and specifications. Until the late 20th century, drawings were largely hand- drafted ; adoption of computer-aided design CAD then improved design productivity, while the 21st century introduction of building information modeling BIM processes has involved use of computer-generated models that can be used in their own right or to generate drawings and other visualisations as well as capturing non- geometric data about building components and systems. On some projects, work on site will not start until design work is largely complete; on others, some design work may be undertaken concurrently with the early stages of on-site activity for example, work on a building's foundations may commence while designers are still working on the detailed designs of the building's internal spaces. Some projects may include elements that are designed for off-site construction see also and modular building and are then delivered to site ready for erection, installation or assembly. Once contractors and other relevant professionals have been appointed and designs are sufficiently advanced, work may commence on the project site. Typically, a construction site will include a secure perimeter to restrict unauthorised access, site access control points, office and welfare accommodation for personnel from the main contractor and other firms involved in the project team, and storage areas for materials, machinery and equipment. According to the McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction's definition, construction may be said to have started when the first feature of the permanent structure has been put in place, such as pile driving, or the pouring of slabs or footings. Commissioning is the process of verifying that all subsystems of a new building or other asset work as intended to achieve the owner's project requirements and as designed by the project's architects and engineers. Maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery , building infrastructure, and supporting utilities in industrial, business, governmental, and residential installations. Demolition is the discipline of safely and efficiently tearing down buildings and other artificial structures. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction , which involves taking a building apart while carefully preserving valuable elements for reuse purposes recycling - see also circular economy. Construction is a major source of employment in most countries; high reliance on small businesses, and under-representation of women are common traits. For example:. According to McKinsey research, productivity growth per worker in construction has lagged behind many other industries across different countries including in the United States and in European countries. In the United States, construction productivity per worker has declined by half since the s. The twenty-five largest countries in the world by construction GVA [37]. Large-scale construction requires collaboration across multiple disciplines. A project manager normally manages the budget on the job, and a construction manager , design engineer , construction engineer or architect supervises it. Those involved with the design and execution must consider zoning requirements and legal issues, environmental impact of the project, scheduling , budgeting and bidding , construction site safety , availability and transportation of building materials , logistics, and inconvenience to the public, including those caused by construction delays. There are many routes to the different careers within the construction industry. There are three main tiers based on educational background and training, which vary by country:. Unskilled and semi-skilled workers provide general site labor, often have few or no construction qualifications, and may receive basic site training. Skilled tradespeople have typically served apprenticeships sometimes in labor unions or received technical training; this group also includes on-site managers who possess extensive knowledge and experience in their craft or profession. Skilled manual occupations include carpenters , electricians , plumbers , ironworkers , heavy equipment operators and masons , as well as those involved in project management. In the UK these require further education qualifications, often in vocational subject areas, undertaken either directly after completing compulsory education or through "on the job" apprenticeships. Professional, technical and managerial personnel often have higher education qualifications, usually graduate degrees , and are trained to design and manage construction processes. These roles require more training as they demand greater technical knowledge, and involve more legal responsibility. Example roles and qualification routes include:. Construction is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world, incurring more occupational fatalities than any other sector in both the United States and in the European Union. Other safety risks for workers in construction include hearing loss due to high noise exposure, musculoskeletal injury , chemical exposure, and high levels of stress. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 28 September For other uses, see Construction disambiguation. Process of the building or assembling of a building or infrastructure. Main article: History of construction. See also: . This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. August Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Home construction. Main article: Civil engineering. Main article: Architectural plan. This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. October Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Construction law. Main article: Design—bid—build.

Construction Synonyms, Construction Antonyms |

A construction project is a complex net of construction contracts and other legal obligations, each of which all parties must carefully consider. A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties, and provides structures to manage issues. For example, construction delays can be costly, so construction contracts set out clear expectations and clear paths to manage delays. Poorly drafted contracts can lead to confusion and costly disputes. At the start of a project, legal advisors seek to identify ambiguities and other potential sources of trouble in the contract structures, and to present options for preventing problems. During projects, they work to avoid and resolve conflicts that arise. In each case, the lawyer facilitates an exchange of obligations that matches the reality of the project. Design-bid-build is the most common and well-established method of construction procurement. In this arrangement, the architect , engineer or builder acts for the client as the project coordinator. They design the works, prepare specifications and design deliverables models, drawings, etc , administer the contract, tender the works, and manage the works from inception to completion. In parallel, there are direct contractual links between the client and the main contractor, who, in turn, has direct contractual relationships with subcontractors. The arrangement continues until the project is ready for handover. Design-build became more common from the late 20th century, and involves the client contracting a single entity to provide design and construction. In some cases, the design-build package can also include finding the site, arranging funding and applying for all necessary statutory consents. Often this will be a consortium involving a design firm and a contractor sometimes more than one of each. In the United States, departments of transportation usually use design-build contracts as a way of progressing projects where states lack the skills or resources, particularly for very large projects. In a construction management arrangement, the client enters into separate contracts with the designer architect or engineer , a construction manager , and individual trade contractors. The client takes on the contractual role, while the construction or project manager provides the active role of managing the separate trade contracts, and ensuring that they complete all work smoothly and effectively together. This approach is often used to speed up procurement processes, to allow the client greater flexibility in design variation throughout the contract, to enable the appointment of individual work contractors, to separate contractual responsibility on each individual throughout the contract, and to provide greater client control. In the industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality. Most commonly ie: in a design-bid-build project , the design team is employed by i. Depending upon the type of project, a design team may include architects , civil engineers , mechanical engineers , electrical engineers , structural engineers , fire protection engineers , planning consultants , architectural consultants, and archaeological consultants. A 'lead designer' will normally be identified to help coordinate different disciplinary inputs to the overall design. This may be aided by integration of previously separate disciplines often undertaken by separate firms into multi-disciplinary firms with experts from all related fields, [18] or by firms establishing relationships to support design-build processes. The increasing complexity of construction projects creates the need for design professionals trained in all phases of a project's life-cycle and develop an appreciation of the asset as an advanced technological system requiring close integration of many sub-systems and their individual components, including sustainability. For buildings, building engineering is an emerging discipline that attempts to meet this new challenge. Traditionally, design has involved the production of sketches , architectural and engineering drawings , and specifications. Until the late 20th century, drawings were largely hand- drafted ; adoption of computer-aided design CAD technologies then improved design productivity, while the 21st century introduction of building information modeling BIM processes has involved use of computer-generated models that can be used in their own right or to generate drawings and other visualisations as well as capturing non-geometric data about building components and systems. On some projects, work on site will not start until design work is largely complete; on others, some design work may be undertaken concurrently with the early stages of on-site activity for example, work on a building's foundations may commence while designers are still working on the detailed designs of the building's internal spaces. Some projects may include elements that are designed for off-site construction see also prefabrication and modular building and are then delivered to site ready for erection, installation or assembly. Once contractors and other relevant professionals have been appointed and designs are sufficiently advanced, work may commence on the project site. Typically, a construction site will include a secure perimeter to restrict unauthorised access, site access control points, office and welfare accommodation for personnel from the main contractor and other firms involved in the project team, and storage areas for materials, machinery and equipment. According to the McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction's definition, construction may be said to have started when the first feature of the permanent structure has been put in place, such as pile driving, or the pouring of slabs or footings. Commissioning is the process of verifying that all subsystems of a new building or other asset work as intended to achieve the owner's project requirements and as designed by the project's architects and engineers. Maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery , building infrastructure, and supporting utilities in industrial, business, governmental, and residential installations. Demolition is the discipline of safely and efficiently tearing down buildings and other artificial structures. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction , which involves taking a building apart while carefully preserving valuable elements for reuse purposes recycling - see also circular economy. Construction is a major source of employment in most countries; high reliance on small businesses, and under-representation of women are common traits. For example:. According to McKinsey research, productivity growth per worker in construction has lagged behind many other industries across different countries including in the United States and in European countries. In the United States, construction productivity per worker has declined by half since the s. The twenty-five largest countries in the world by construction GVA [37]. Large-scale construction requires collaboration across multiple disciplines. A project manager normally manages the budget on the job, and a construction manager , design engineer , construction engineer or architect supervises it. Those involved with the design and execution must consider zoning requirements and legal issues, environmental impact of the project, scheduling , budgeting and bidding , construction site safety , availability and transportation of building materials , logistics, and inconvenience to the public, including those caused by construction delays. There are many routes to the different careers within the construction industry. There are three main tiers based on educational background and training, which vary by country:. Unskilled and semi-skilled workers provide general site labor, often have few or no construction qualifications, and may receive basic site training. Skilled tradespeople have typically served apprenticeships sometimes in labor unions or received technical training; this group also includes on-site managers who possess extensive knowledge and experience in their craft or profession. Skilled manual occupations include carpenters , electricians , plumbers , ironworkers , heavy equipment operators and masons , as well as those involved in project management. In the UK these require further education qualifications, often in vocational subject areas, undertaken either directly after completing compulsory education or through "on the job" apprenticeships. Professional, technical and managerial personnel often have higher education qualifications, usually graduate degrees , and are trained to design and manage construction processes. These roles require more training as they demand greater technical knowledge, and involve more legal responsibility. Example roles and qualification routes include:. Construction is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world, incurring more occupational fatalities than any other sector in both the United States and in the European Union. Other safety risks for workers in construction include hearing loss due to high noise exposure, musculoskeletal injury , chemical exposure, and high levels of stress. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 28 September For other uses, see Construction disambiguation. Process of the building or assembling of a building or infrastructure. Main article: History of construction. See also: History of architecture. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. August Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Home construction. Main article: Civil engineering. Main article: Architectural plan. This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. October Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Construction law. Main article: Design —bid—build. Main article: Design-build. Main article: Construction management. Main article: New-construction building commissioning. Main article: Maintenance technical. Main article: Demolition. See also: List of construction trades. See also: Construction site safety. Main article: Sustainability in construction. Fast-track construction becomes the norm. Architectural Record. Archived from the original on 16 February Retrieved 8 August Institution of Civil Engineers. Retrieved 15 May Collaborative Construction Procurement and Improved Value. Construction Law: From Beginner to Practitioner. Retrieved 16 September Fortune Paper. Construction Equipment Guide. Retrieved The Latest Methods of Construction Design. Retrieved 5 August All actions which have the objective of retaining or restoring an item in or to a state in which it can perform its required function. These include the combination of all technical and corresponding administrative, managerial, and supervision actions. Building Design and Construction. Retrieved 29 April Retrieved 30 April Retrieved 3 May PBC Today. In the construction of the piece Henry Irving made many material suggestions. involving bound forms are often called morphological, as the bound forms fif- and -teen. Those involving only free forms are often called syntactic, as the good man, in the house. Compare bound form , free form. See how many words from the week of Oct 12—18, you get right! Words nearby construction constringence , constringent , construable , construct , constructer , construction , constructional homonymity , constructionist , construction loan , construction paper , constructive. Words related to construction development , manufacture , system , planning , plan , structure , figure , shape , invention , elevation , mold , contour , cut , fabric , turn , edifice , arrangement , build , type , composition. IBM plans a huge leap in superfast quantum computing by rhhackettfortune September 15, Fortune. Nikola shares slump after blanket denial of short-seller report radmarya September 11, Fortune. The Reconstruction of Georgia Edwin C. Shadows of the Stage William Winter.

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