Mountains, Rivers and Dzongs Bhutan
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Gross National Happiness Commission the Royal Government of Bhutan
STRATEGIC PROGRAMME FOR CLIMATE RESILIENCE (SPCR) UNDER THE PILOT PROGRAMME FOR CLIMATE RESILIENCE (PPCR) Climate-Resilient & Low-Carbon Sustainable Development Toward Maximizing the Royal Government of Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS COMMISSION THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN FOREWORD The Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) recognizes the devastating impact that climate change is having on Bhutan’s economy and our vulnerable communities and biosphere, and we are committed to address these challenges and opportunities through the 12th Five Year Plan (2018-2023). In this context, during the 2009 Conference of the Parties 15 (COP 15) in Copenhagen, RGoB pledged to remain a carbon-neutral country, and has successfully done so. This was reaffirmed at the COP 21 in Paris in 2015. Despite being a negative-emission Least Developed Country (LDC), Bhutan continues to restrain its socioeconomic development to maintain more than 71% of its geographical area under forest cover,1 and currently more than 50% of the total land area is formally under protected areas2, biological corridors and natural reserves. In fact, our constitutional mandate declares that at least 60% of Bhutan’s total land areas shall remain under forest cover at all times. This Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR) represents a solid framework to build the climate- resilience of vulnerable sectors of the economy and at-risk communities across the country responding to the priorities of NDC. It also offers an integrated story line on Bhutan’s national -
Tempa-Bhutan-Tigers-2019.Pdf
Biological Conservation 238 (2019) 108192 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon The spatial distribution and population density of tigers in mountainous T terrain of Bhutan ⁎ Tshering Tempaa,b, , Mark Hebblewhitea, Jousha F. Goldbergc, Nawang Norbud,e, Tshewang R. Wangchukf, Wenhong Xiaoa, L. Scott Millsa,g a Wildlife Biology Program, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT-59801, USA b Global Tiger Center, Department of Forests and Park Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Bhutan c Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA d Bhutan Ecological Society, Chubachu, Thimphu, Bhutan e Center for Himalayan Environment and Development Studies, School for Field Studies, Bhutan f Bhutan Foundation, 21 Dupont Circle, NW, Washington DC-20036, USA g Office of Research and Creative Scholarship, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801,USA ABSTRACT Habitat loss, prey depletion, and direct poaching for the illegal wildlife trade are endangering large carnivores across the globe. Tigers (Panthera tigris) have lost 93% of their historical range and are experiencing rapid population declines. A dominant paradigm of current tiger conservation focuses on conservation of 6% of the presently occupied tiger habitat deemed to be tiger source sites. In Bhutan, little was known about tiger distribution or abundance during the time of such classi- fication, and no part of the country was included in the so-called 6% solution. Here we evaluate whether Bhutan is a potential tiger source sitebyrigorously estimating tiger density and spatial distribution across the country. We used large scale remote-camera trapping across n = 1129 sites in 2014–2015 to survey all potential tiger range in Bhutan. -
Religion, Refugees, and Diaspora Communities in the United States May 2016 WORLD FAITHS DEVELOPMENT DIALOGUE DEVELOPMENT FAITHS WORLD
Religion, Refugees, and Diaspora Communities in the United States May 2016 WORLD FAITHS DEVELOPMENT DIALOGUE DEVELOPMENT FAITHS WORLD In partnership with the Pluralism Project at Harvard University Acknowledgments everal people from both the World Faiths Development Dialogue (WFDD) and the Pluralism Project at Harvard University contributed to this study at various stages. S Katherine Marshall, executive director of WFDD, and Dr. Diana Eck, director of the Pluralism Project, served as the senior faculty advisors for the study. Crystal Corman, WFDD program manager, coordinated partnership with the Pluralism Project, edited this report, and contributed to project design and direction. WFDD research assistant Sarah Radomsky, a student at Georgetown University, conducted background research, drafting the introduction and literature review of this report. The pilot study field research was overseen by the Pluralism Project at Harvard University and was the result of collaboration between scholars and students from several institutions. In Utica, Dr. S. Brent Plate served as the lead researcher and senior advisor for a research team of three students, one graduate, and two undergraduate: Retika Rajbhandari, Shannon Boley, and Emmett Potts, respectively. Anna Lee White, a recent grad- uate of Mount Holyoke College, conducted the majority of the field research in Manchester and Nashua, New Hampshire. Pluralism Project research associate Mary Kate Long provided additional research assistance, including field research in Massachusetts and initial data analysis. Pluralism Project research associate Margaret Krueger assisted with data compilation on reli- gious centers.1 Pluralism Project research director Elinor Pierce provided research guidelines; Pluralism Project assistant director Whittney Barth facilitated this pilot study and contributed to the writing of this report. -
The Kingdom of Bhutan
Updated March 23, 2020 The Kingdom of Bhutan Background were best served by elected leaders. The first election went The Kingdom of Bhutan, also known as the Land of the smoothly in 2008, and the second, in 2013, brought a Thunder Dragon, is a small, landlocked Himalayan country situated between India and China. The mountainous Figure 1.Bhutan in Brief kingdom is about half the size of Indiana, with an estimated population of 782,000, approximately 115,000 of them in and around the capital city, Thimphu. Bhutan’s economy has grown primarily as a result of hydropower, agriculture, and forestry development. The United States has no significant trade relations with Bhutan, and its foreign aid mission and bilateral consular affairs are handled by the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi, India. Deputy Secretary of State John Sullivan visited Bhutan in August, 2019. Bhutan has participated in a U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) regional program for South Asia directed at developing power infrastructure, and it has implemented programs intended to help mitigate some of the effects of climate change. With 70% forest cover and extensive hydropower, Bhutan is a carbon negative country. The Constitution, Elections, and the King The constitution of Bhutan establishes three branches of Source: CIA World Factbook, Economist Intelligence Unit, Media government: legislative, executive, and judicial. The bicameral legislature, or Chi Tshog, includes the National Assembly (Tshogdu), with 47 elected representatives, and peaceful transition of power in which the opposition the National Council (Gyelyong Tshongde), with 25 People’s Democratic Party won 32 of the 42 elected members, 5 of which are selected by the king. -
An Account of a Journey Across Valleys and Mountains to Provide Training to People on Collection of Medicinal Plants
An account of a journey across valleys and mountains to provide training to people on collection of medicinal plants ... towards sustainability of traditional medical services in Bhutan Kinga Jamphel Head, Pharmaceutical & Research Unit, ITMS Ever since the establishment of traditional medicine (TM) services in the country in 1967, most of the high altitude medicinal raw materials have been collected from Lingshi. It is important to rotate the collection sites at certain intervals in order to enable the natural resources to regenerate. A survey on alternate sourcing conducted at Bumthang in 2006 revealed that around 18 medicinal plants could be collected. To provide training on sustainable collection and discuss on the logistics for transportation of medicinal plants, a team visited the high altitude areas of Bumthang. The last few days before the departure were filled with excitement and nervousness, especially as the journey would involve long walks across high mountain areas where stamina and body fitness would be put on test. Food supplies and logistics were organized. It was 10th of October 2007. I woke up early and checked my luggage for all important things - some medicines, a knife, a sleeping bag, a mat, clothes, a torch, a plate, a mug, etc. I prayed for a safe journey and said goodbye to my family. The other members of the team Drungtsho Gempo Dorji, Ugyen, Jamyang Loday and Tshewang Rinzin joined and the long journey began from Thimphu at 7.30 AM. As we traveled along the East-West national highway cross Dochula, Pelela and Yotongla passes we were excited thinking about the days ahead. -
Monday Morning on the Plane to Paro; Oct 22
Monday Morning on the plane to Paro; Oct 22 Last night we flew into Bangkok, arriving at 5:30 (with a one hour time change from HK, so now we were only 12 hours different than home). We made our way through customs and immigration (remembering the last time we did this we had to wait for Phyllis to prove she did not have Yellow Fever). We stepped outside to catch the shuttle to the airport hotel and were hit with a wall of heat. My glasses fogged up. I had forgotten the heat/humidity of Thailand. We spent the night at the Novotel, a large (really large) airport hotel, where Andy and I had stayed once before. The lobby is beautiful in the Thai style, with trees and sculptures of lotus flowers. We went to our room, and by 8:00 were fast asleep. Good thing as we had to get up at 3:00 (AM!!) to catch our morning flight to Bhutan. We had our breakfast buffet (which opens at 3:30 – lots of travelers here with early morning flights) and shuttled back to the airport to check in with Druk Air, the Royal Bhutan Airline. (Druk in Bhutanese means Thunder Dragon). There were surprising a lot of people there for 4:30 in the morning. We checked in and asked for a window seat as Alvin told us the view flying into Paro was amazing. I asked the agent specifically not to be sitting on the wing. We were driven by bus to the plane. And guess where we ended up sitting? On the wing. -
Higher-State-Of-Being-Full-Lowres.Pdf
HIGHER STIn the vertiginousAT mountainsE of Bhutan, where happiness is akin to holiness, bicycling has become much more than a national pastime. It’s a spiritual journey. BY JODY ROSEN OF BEINPHOTOGRAPHSG BY SIMON ROBERTS N BHUTAN, THERE IS A KING who rides a bicycle up and down the mountains. Like many stories you will hear in this tiny Himalayan nation, it sounds like a fairy tale. In fact, itís hard news. Jigme Singye IWangchuck, Bhutanís fourth Druk Gyalpo, or Dragon King, is an avid cyclist who can often be found pedaling the steep foothills that ring the capital city, Thimphu. All Bhutanese know about the kingís passion for cycling, to which he has increasingly devoted his spare time since December 2006, when he relinquished the crown to his eldest son. In Thimphu, many tell tales of close encounters, or near-misses ó the time they pulled over their car to chat with the bicycling monarch, the time they spotted him, or someone who looked quite like him, on an early-morning ride. If you spend any time in Thimphu, you may soon find yourself scanning its mist-mantled slopes. That guy on the mountain bike, darting out of the fog bank on the road up near the giant Buddha statue: Is that His Majesty? SOUL CYCLE The fourth king is the most beloved figure in A rider in the Tour of the Dragon, a modern Bhutanese history, with a biography 166.5-mile, one-day that has the flavor of myth. He became bike race through the mountains of Bhutan, Bhutanís head of state in 1972 when he was just alongside the Druk 16 years old, following the death of his father, Wangyal Lhakhang Jigme Dorji Wangchuck. -
Submission by P
MAIN CONTACT PERSON: TILMAN ZUELCH Submission by P. O. Box 2024 Society for Threatened Peoples D-37010 Göttingen a non-governmental organization in special consultative status Phone: +49 (0)551 49906-0 Fax: +49 (0)551 58028 Language: English only E-Mail: [email protected] Universal Periodic Review Sixth session 2009-04-14 Bhutan In 2008 Bhutan has been welcomed by the international community as the world’s youngest democracy. Despite Bhutan’s attempts to present the transition to democracy as a slow and steady process, massive human rights violations still are persisting. Society for Threatened Peoples is extremely concerned about the non recognition of religious and ethnic minorities. Bhutan officially does not recognize any minority group on the basis of religion, race, ethnicity or language. The country is presented by the authorities as a homogenous society with one culture and one religion. But in fact, Bhutan is a multi-religious, multi- cultural and multilingual country. Non-recognition of ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities According to Article 3 of the Constitution, which was signed by King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuk on July 18, 2008, Buddhism is perceived as a state religion and all religious institutions have the responsibility to promote Buddhism. Any other religious activity inside Bhutan may be prosecuted in the name of an interdiction of religious conversion. Furthermore the Marriage Act of Bhutan prohibits a non- Bhutanese married to a Bhutanese citizen to promote any other religion. The non-Bhutanese has to abide by the existing religious traditions. Bhutan is a multi-ethnic country with at least three major ethnic groups and several minorities. -
The Judiciary of the Kingdom of Bhutan
The Judiciary of the Kingdom of Bhutan THE JUDICIARY OF THE KINGDOM OF BHUTAN HISTORICAL BACKGROUND - The Bhutanese legal system has a long traditional background, primarily based on Buddhist natural law and Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal’s Code from early 17th century. The first comprehensive codified laws known as the Thrimzhung Chhenmo or the Supreme Law was enacted by the National Assembly during the Third Druk Gyalpo, His Majesty Jigme Dorji Wangchuck’s reign. MISSION, POLICIES & OBJECTIVES - The Judiciary aims to safeguard, uphold, and administer Justice fairly and independently without fear, favour, or undue delay in accordance with the Rule of Law to inspire trust and confidence and to enhance access to Justice. INDEPENDENCE - Among others, the independence of the Judiciary is manifested through: (a) Separation of judicial power from the apex to the lowest court; (b) Collective independence (the concept of non-interference, jurisdictional monopoly, transfer jurisdiction, control over judicial administration); (c) Institutional and financial independence; (d) Personnel independence (qualification, selection and training, conditions of services, suspension, removal and disciplinary measures. Security of tenure and protection from arbitrary removal from office); (e) Decentralization of all personnel administration and financial operations to respective courts; and (f) Distinctive court building, distinct kabney and court seal. JURISDICTION The Royal Court of Justice The judicial authority of Bhutan is vested in the Royal Courts of Justice comprising the Supreme Court, the High Court, the Dzongkhag Court and the Dungkhag Court. Other courts and tribunals will be established from time to time by the Druk Gyalpo on the recommendation of the National Judicial Commission. Additional Benches are established in some Dzongkhags and Dungkhags with higher caseload. -
Bhutan's Political Transition –
Spotlight South Asia Paper Nr. 2: Bhutan’s Political Transition – Between Ethnic Conflict and Democracy Author: Dr. Siegried Wolf (Heidelberg) ISSN 2195-2787 1 SSA ist eine regelmäßig erscheinende Analyse- Reihe mit einem Fokus auf aktuelle politische Ereignisse und Situationen Südasien betreffend. Die Reihe soll Einblicke schaffen, Situationen erklären und Politikempfehlungen geben. SSA is a frequently published analysis series with a focus on current political events and situations concerning South Asia. The series should present insights, explain situations and give policy recommendations. APSA (Angewandte Politikwissenschaft Südasiens) ist ein auf Forschungsförderung und wissenschaftliche Beratung ausgelegter Stiftungsfonds im Bereich der Politikwissenschaft Südasiens. APSA (Applied Political Science of South Asia) is a foundation aiming at promoting science and scientific consultancy in the realm of political science of South Asia. Die Meinungen in dieser Ausgabe sind einzig die der Autoren und werden sich nicht von APSA zu eigen gemacht. The views expressed in this paper are solely the views of the authors and are not in any way owned by APSA. Impressum: APSA Im Neuehnheimer Feld 330 D-69120 Heidelberg [email protected] www.apsa.info 2 Acknowledgment: The author is grateful to the South Asia Democratic Forum (SADF), Brussels for the extended support on this report. 3 Bhutan ’ s Political Transition – Between Ethnic Conflict and Democracy Until recently Bhutan (Drukyul - Land of the Thunder Dragon) did not fit into the story of the global triumph of democracy. Not only the way it came into existence but also the manner in which it was interpreted made the process of democratization exceptional. As a land- locked country which is bordered on the north by Tibet in China and on the south by the Indian states Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, it was a late starter in the process of state-building. -
Bhutan Signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, Under Which Bhutan Would Receive an Annual Subsidy in Exchange for Ceding Some Border Land
Background: In 1865, Britain and Bhutan signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, under which Bhutan would receive an annual subsidy in exchange for ceding some border land. Under British influence, a monarchy was set up in 1907; three years later, a treaty was signed whereby the British agreed not to interfere in Bhutanese internal affairs and Bhutan allowed Britain to direct its foreign affairs. This role was assumed by independent India after 1947. Two years later, a formal Indo-Bhutanese accord returned the areas of Bhutan annexed by the British, formalized the annual subsidies the country received, and defined India's responsibilities in defense and foreign relations. A refugee issue of some 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved; 90% of the refugees are housed in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps. In March 2005, King WANGCHUCK unveiled the government's draft constitution - which would introduce major democratic reforms - and pledged to hold a national referendum for its approval. A referendum date has yet to be named. Location: Southern Asia, between China and India Area:47,000 sq km Area Comparative: about half the size of Indiana Climate: varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas Terrain: mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna Capital: Thimphu Official language: Dzongkha, Bhotes speak various Tibetan dialects, Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects. Bhutan's indigenous population is the Drukpa. Three main ethnic groups, the Sharchops, N galops and the Lhotsampas (of Nepalese origin), make up today's Drukpa population. -
Media Development Assessment 2010 Is an Evaluation of the Rapidly Changing Media Climate in Bhutan
MEDIA DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT 2010 Department of Information and Media Ministry of Information and Communications Royal Government of Bhutan in collaboration with INTERNATIONAL MEDIA SUPPORT Media Development Assessment in Bhutan 2010 Media Development Assessment in Bhutan 2010 COPYRIGHT © 2010 Department of Information and Media (DoIM), Ministry of Information and Communications (MoIC), Royal Government of Bhutan. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT DoIM, MoIC acknowledges the generous financial and technical support from our international partners, the United Nations Development Pro- gramme, UNESCO and International Media Support, Denmark. We would like to thank our local consultant WediaTM for carrying out the study and the stakeholders for their active involvement throughout the process. We would like to express our deep appreciation to our National Steering Committee Members for their direction and invaluable advise. Department of Information and Media (DoIM), Ministry of Information and Communications (MoIC), Royal Government of Bhutan Publication. P.O. Box: 278/1373 Tel# +975 2 322567 Fax: +975 2 331299 www.doim.gov.bt Printed in Kuensel, Bhutan ISBN: 978-99936-836-0-5 Media Development Assessment in Bhutan 2010 Media Development Assessment in Bhutan 2010 Contents Abbreviations v Preface vii Executive Summary xi Introduction xvii CATEGORY 1 A system of regulation conducive to freedom of expression, pluralism and diversity of the media 1 Legal and policy framework, 3 Regulatory system for broadcasting, 14 Defamation laws and other legal restrictions