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United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NPS Form 10-900-b OMB No. 1024-0018 (March 1992) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES MULTIPLE PROPERTY DOCUMENTATION FORM This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. X New Submission Amended Submission ======================================================================== A. Name of Multiple Property Listing ================================================================================= Cattle Ranching in Arizona, 1540-1950 ======================================================================== B. Associated Historic Contexts ================================================================================= (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) 1. Cattle in the Arizona Economy: An Overview. 2. The Spanish Colonial and Mexican Periods, 1521-1848. 3. The Early American Period, 1848-1880. 4. The Boom Period, 1880-1893. 5. The Foundation of the Modern Cattle Industry, 1893-1950. 6. Indian Cattle Raising: Case Studies of the San Carlos and Tohono O’odham Reservations, 1920-1950. 7. Southern Arizona Ranch House Architectural Context 8. Northern Arizona Vernacular Log Buildings Architectural Context 9. Windmills Design Architectural Context 10. Barbed Wire Fencing and Cattle Guard Design Architectural Context 11. Pre-Inventory of Cattle Ranches in Northern Arizona ======================================================================== C. Form Prepared by ================================================================================= name/title William S. Collins, Ph.D. street & number 1300 W. Washington telephone (602) 542-7159 city or town Phoenix state AZ zip code 85007 ======================================================================== D. Certification ================================================================================= As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60 and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature and title of certifying official Date State or Federal agency and bureau I hereby certify that this multiple property documentation form has been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related properties for listing in the National Register. Signature of the Keeper Date ======================================================================== Table of Contents for Written Narrative ================================================================================= Cite the letter and the title before each section of the narrative. Assign page numbers according to the instructions for continuation sheets in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Fill in page numbers for each section in the space below. E.1 Cattle in the Arizona Economy: An Overview E.6 The Spanish Colonial and Mexican Periods, 1521-1848 E.16 The Early American Period, 1848-1880 E.30. The Boom Period, 1880-1893 E.39 The Foundation of the Modern Cattle Industry, 1893-1950 E.65 Indian Cattle Raising: Case Studies of the San Carlos and Tohono O’odham Reservations, 1920-1950 E.72 Southern Arizona Ranch House Architectural Context E.74 Northern Arizona Vernacular Log Buildings Architectural Context E.76 Windmills Design Architectural Context E.79 Barbed Wire Fencing and Cattle Guard Design Architectural Context App. Pre-Inventory of Cattle Ranches in Northern Arizona ======================================================================== E. Statement of Historic Contexts (Document historic contexts on one or more continuation sheets. If more than one historic context is documented, present them in sequential order.) ================================================================================= See continuation sheets. ================================================================================= F. Associated Property Types (Provide description, significance, and registration requirements on one or more continuation sheets.) ================================================================================= See continuation sheets ================================================================================= G. Geographical Data ================================================================================= Acreage of Property UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing 1 3 2 4 See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) ================================================================================= H. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods (Discuss the methods used in developing the multiple property listing on one or more continuation sheets.) ================================================================================= See continuation sheets ================================================================================= I. Major Bibliographical References (List major written works and primary location of additional documentation: State Historic Preservation Office, other State agency, Federal agency, local government, university, or other, specifying repository.) ================================================================================= Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested. previously listed in the National Register previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Primary Location of Additional Data: X State Historic Preservation Office X Other State agency Federal agency Local government University Other Name of repository Arizona State Department of Library, Archives, and Public Records NPS Form 10-900a OMB No. 1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section E Page 1 Cattle Ranching in Arizona, 1848-1950 Name of Multiple Property Listing ======================================================================== Branding a calf. Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records, History and Archives Division. CATTLE IN THE ARIZONA ECONOMY: AN OVERVIEW In 1992, the federal agricultural census counted nearly 930,000 head of cattle in Arizona. These animals are a highly visible presence on the rural landscape. Though widely dispersed, they are found in all parts of the state. There are few places in Arizona so arid that no cattle graze on them. Where they are lacking it is usually because of legal barriers restricting land use, and there is a long and loud political debate over conflicting efforts to strengthen those barriers by some and weaken them by others. Of the state’s 72,688,000 acres, about 40 percent, or 29,642,000 acres, is classified as pastureland and rangeland. This land crosses all jurisdictions—private, state, federal, and Indian trust. Cattle are some of the most significant land users in Arizona. Most Arizonans are urban dwellers. The two largest cities, Phoenix and Tucson, contain more than 75 percent of the total population and are booming at an almost inconceivable pace. Most of the rest of the state, though growing in population overall, is far more modest in the absolute growth in numbers. There are even parts of the state, Greenlee County, for instance, that have experienced population decline as major industries such as copper mining decline. There is likely to remain plenty of space to run cattle by the hundreds of thousands for many years to come. City dwellers, when they venture beyond the pale of mass development, will be forgiven NPS Form 10-900a OMB No. 1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section E Page 2 Cattle Ranching in Arizona, 1848-1950 Name of Multiple Property Listing ======================================================================== if they believe that outside of Phoenix and Tucson, in the open deserts or the high forest country, they have entered Nature’s world. It is easy to assume that where you cannot see a house or other building for miles around you are in a wilderness. Such a belief would be naive though. Cattle scattered far and wide are a sign of human presence. The land is being used and has been used for decades, if not for centuries. The great spaces
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