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Genome-Wide Sirna Screen for Mediators of NF-Κb Activation
Genome-wide siRNA screen for mediators SEE COMMENTARY of NF-κB activation Benjamin E. Gewurza, Fadi Towficb,c,1, Jessica C. Marb,d,1, Nicholas P. Shinnersa,1, Kaoru Takasakia, Bo Zhaoa, Ellen D. Cahir-McFarlanda, John Quackenbushe, Ramnik J. Xavierb,c, and Elliott Kieffa,2 aDepartment of Medicine and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; bCenter for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; cProgram in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142; dDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115; and eDepartment of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 Contributed by Elliott Kieff, December 16, 2011 (sent for review October 2, 2011) Although canonical NFκB is frequently critical for cell proliferation, (RIPK1). TRADD engages TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), survival, or differentiation, NFκB hyperactivation can cause malig- which recruits the ubiquitin (Ub) E2 ligase UBC5 and the E3 nant, inflammatory, or autoimmune disorders. Despite intensive ligases cIAP1 and cIAP2. CIAP1/2 polyubiquitinate RIPK1 and study, mammalian NFκB pathway loss-of-function RNAi analyses TRAF2, which recruit and activate the K63-Ub binding proteins have been limited to specific protein classes. We therefore under- TAB1, TAB2, and TAB3, as well as their associated kinase took a human genome-wide siRNA screen for novel NFκB activa- MAP3K7 (TAK1). TAK1 in turn phosphorylates IKKβ activa- tion pathway components. Using an Epstein Barr virus latent tion loop serines to promote IKK activity (4). -
PTEN, and KCTD13 and RAF1) That Significantly Enhanced Or Suppressed Cell Proliferation Phenotypes
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/185355; this version posted September 20, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Pervasive epistasis modulates neurodevelopmental defects of the autism-associated 16p11.2 deletion Janani Iyer1,9, Mayanglambam Dhruba Singh1,9, Matthew Jensen1,2,9, Payal Patel1,9, Lucilla Pizzo1, Emily Huber1, Haley Koerselman3, Alexis T. Weiner1, Paola Lepanto4, Komal Vadodaria1, Alexis Kubina1, Qingyu Wang1,2, Abigail Talbert1, Sneha Yennawar1, Jose Badano4, J. Robert Manak3,5, Melissa M. Rolls1, Arjun Krishnan6,7, and Santhosh Girirajan1,2,8* 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 2. Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Huck Institute of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 3. Departments of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 4. Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay 5. Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 6. Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 7. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 8. Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 9. These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence to: Santhosh Girirajan 205A Life Sciences Building The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 814-865-0674 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/185355; this version posted September 20, 2017. -
Associated 16P11.2 Deletion in Drosophila Melanogaster
ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04882-6 OPEN Pervasive genetic interactions modulate neurodevelopmental defects of the autism- associated 16p11.2 deletion in Drosophila melanogaster Janani Iyer1, Mayanglambam Dhruba Singh1, Matthew Jensen1,2, Payal Patel 1, Lucilla Pizzo1, Emily Huber1, Haley Koerselman3, Alexis T. Weiner 1, Paola Lepanto4, Komal Vadodaria1, Alexis Kubina1, Qingyu Wang 1,2, Abigail Talbert1, Sneha Yennawar1, Jose Badano 4, J. Robert Manak3,5, Melissa M. Rolls1, Arjun Krishnan6,7 & 1234567890():,; Santhosh Girirajan 1,2,8 As opposed to syndromic CNVs caused by single genes, extensive phenotypic heterogeneity in variably-expressive CNVs complicates disease gene discovery and functional evaluation. Here, we propose a complex interaction model for pathogenicity of the autism-associated 16p11.2 deletion, where CNV genes interact with each other in conserved pathways to modulate expression of the phenotype. Using multiple quantitative methods in Drosophila RNAi lines, we identify a range of neurodevelopmental phenotypes for knockdown of indi- vidual 16p11.2 homologs in different tissues. We test 565 pairwise knockdowns in the developing eye, and identify 24 interactions between pairs of 16p11.2 homologs and 46 interactions between 16p11.2 homologs and neurodevelopmental genes that suppress or enhance cell proliferation phenotypes compared to one-hit knockdowns. These interac- tions within cell proliferation pathways are also enriched in a human brain-specific network, providing translational relevance in humans. Our study indicates a role for pervasive genetic interactions within CNVs towards cellular and developmental phenotypes. 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. 2 Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. -
A Rare Duplication on Chromosome 16P11.2 Is Identified in Patients with Psychosis in Alzheimer’S Disease
A Rare Duplication on Chromosome 16p11.2 Is Identified in Patients with Psychosis in Alzheimer’s Disease Xiaojing Zheng1,7*, F. Yesim Demirci2, M. Michael Barmada2, Gale A. Richardson3,6, Oscar L. Lopez4,5, Robert A. Sweet3,4,5, M. Ilyas Kamboh2,3,5, Eleanor Feingold1,2 1 Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2 Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 3 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 4 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 5 VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 6 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 7 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America Abstract Epidemiological and genetic studies suggest that schizophrenia and autism may share genetic links. Besides common single nucleotide polymorphisms, recent data suggest that some rare copy number variants (CNVs) are risk factors for both disorders. Because we have previously found that schizophrenia and psychosis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD+P) share some genetic risk, we investigated whether CNVs reported in schizophrenia and autism are also linked to AD+P. We searched for CNVs associated with AD+P in 7 recurrent CNV regions that have been previously identified across autism and schizophrenia, using the Illumina HumanOmni1-Quad BeadChip. -
Whole-Genome Linkage Scan Combined with Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel Candidate Genes for Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
fgene-09-00420 October 5, 2018 Time: 14:5 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 09 October 2018 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00420 Whole-Genome Linkage Scan Combined With Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel Candidate Genes for Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Dina Vojinovic1, Maryam Kavousi1, Mohsen Ghanbari1,2, Rutger W. W. Brouwer3, Jeroen G. J. van Rooij4, Mirjam C. G. N. van den Hout3, Robert Kraaij4, Wilfred F. J. van Ijcken3, Andre G. Uitterlinden1,4, Cornelia M. van Duijn1,5 and Najaf Amin1* 1 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2 Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, 3 Department of Cell Biology, Center for Biomics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 5 Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an established heritable marker for subclinical atherosclerosis. In this study, we aim to identify rare variants with large effects driving Edited by: differences in cIMT by performing genome-wide linkage analysis of individuals in the Robert Klein, extremes of cIMT trait distribution (>90th percentile) in a large family-based study from Icahn School of Medicine at Mount a genetically isolated population in the Netherlands. Linked regions were subsequently Sinai, United States explored by fine-mapping using exome sequencing. We observed significant evidence Reviewed by: Elizabeth Hauser, of linkage on chromosomes 2p16.3 [rs1017418, heterogeneity LOD (HLOD) = 3.35], Duke University, United States 19q13.43 (rs3499, HLOD = 9.09), 20p13 (rs1434789, HLOD = 4.10), and 21q22.12 Mark Z. -
Protein Phosphatase 4 Promotes Hedgehog Signaling
Liao et al. Cell Death and Disease (2020) 11:686 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-02843-w Cell Death & Disease ARTICLE Open Access Protein phosphatase 4 promotes Hedgehog signaling through dephosphorylation of Suppressor of fused Hengqing Liao1,2,JingCai1,ChenLiu1,3, Longyan Shen4, Xiaohong Pu 5, Yixing Yao1,Bo’ang Han1, Tingting Yu1,3, Steven Y. Cheng1,3,6 and Shen Yue1,3,6 Abstract Reversible phosphorylation of Suppressor of fused (Sufu) is essential for Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signal transduction. Sufu is stabilized under dual phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). Its phosphorylation is reduced with the activation of Shh signaling. However, the phosphatase in this reversible phosphorylation has not been found. Taking advantage of a proteomic approach, we identified Protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 2 (Ppp4r2), an interacting protein of Sufu. Shh signaling promotes the interaction of these two proteins in the nucleus, and Ppp4 also promotes dephosphorylation of Sufu, leading to its degradation and enhancing the Gli1 transcriptional activity. Finally, Ppp4-mediated dephosphorylation of Sufu promotes proliferation of medulloblastoma tumor cells, and expression of Ppp4 is positively correlated with up-regulation of Shh pathway target genes in the Shh-subtype medulloblastoma, underscoring the important role of this regulation in Shh signaling. 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; Introduction Ptch1 on Smoothened (Smo)7,8, a G protein-coupled Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is an essential morphogenic and receptor, by promoting endocytic turnover of Ptch1 in mitogenic factor that plays a key role in embryonic lysosomes9,10. Smo moves into primary cilium and turn development and postnatal physiological processes1,2, on the downstream transcription program orchestrated by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and pattern- three transcription factors Glioma-associated oncogene ing. -
Live-Cell Imaging Rnai Screen Identifies PP2A–B55α and Importin-Β1 As Key Mitotic Exit Regulators in Human Cells
LETTERS Live-cell imaging RNAi screen identifies PP2A–B55α and importin-β1 as key mitotic exit regulators in human cells Michael H. A. Schmitz1,2,3, Michael Held1,2, Veerle Janssens4, James R. A. Hutchins5, Otto Hudecz6, Elitsa Ivanova4, Jozef Goris4, Laura Trinkle-Mulcahy7, Angus I. Lamond8, Ina Poser9, Anthony A. Hyman9, Karl Mechtler5,6, Jan-Michael Peters5 and Daniel W. Gerlich1,2,10 When vertebrate cells exit mitosis various cellular structures can contribute to Cdk1 substrate dephosphorylation during vertebrate are re-organized to build functional interphase cells1. This mitotic exit, whereas Ca2+-triggered mitotic exit in cytostatic-factor- depends on Cdk1 (cyclin dependent kinase 1) inactivation arrested egg extracts depends on calcineurin12,13. Early genetic studies in and subsequent dephosphorylation of its substrates2–4. Drosophila melanogaster 14,15 and Aspergillus nidulans16 reported defects Members of the protein phosphatase 1 and 2A (PP1 and in late mitosis of PP1 and PP2A mutants. However, the assays used in PP2A) families can dephosphorylate Cdk1 substrates in these studies were not specific for mitotic exit because they scored pro- biochemical extracts during mitotic exit5,6, but how this relates metaphase arrest or anaphase chromosome bridges, which can result to postmitotic reassembly of interphase structures in intact from defects in early mitosis. cells is not known. Here, we use a live-cell imaging assay and Intracellular targeting of Ser/Thr phosphatase complexes to specific RNAi knockdown to screen a genome-wide library of protein substrates is mediated by a diverse range of regulatory and targeting phosphatases for mitotic exit functions in human cells. We subunits that associate with a small group of catalytic subunits3,4,17. -
Mutations and Protein Interaction Landscape Reveal Key Cellular Events Perturbed in Upper Motor Neurons with HSP and PLS
brain sciences Article Mutations and Protein Interaction Landscape Reveal Key Cellular Events Perturbed in Upper Motor Neurons with HSP and PLS Oge Gozutok 1, Benjamin Ryan Helmold 1 and P. Hande Ozdinler 1,2,3,4,* 1 Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; [email protected] (O.G.); [email protected] (B.R.H.) 2 Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60611, USA 3 Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA 4 Feinberg School of Medicine, Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-(312)-503-2774 Abstract: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) are rare motor neuron diseases, which affect mostly the upper motor neurons (UMNs) in patients. The UMNs display early vulnerability and progressive degeneration, while other cortical neurons mostly remain functional. Identification of numerous mutations either directly linked or associated with HSP and PLS begins to reveal the genetic component of UMN diseases. Since each of these mutations are identified on genes that code for a protein, and because cellular functions mostly depend on protein- protein interactions, we hypothesized that the mutations detected in patients and the alterations in Citation: Gozutok, O.; Helmold, B.R.; protein interaction domains would hold the key to unravel the underlying causes of their vulnerability. Ozdinler, P.H. Mutations and Protein In an effort to bring a mechanistic insight, we utilized computational analyses to identify interaction Interaction Landscape Reveal Key Cellular Events Perturbed in Upper partners of proteins and developed the protein-protein interaction landscape with respect to HSP Motor Neurons with HSP and PLS. -
Pathway-Based Network Modeling Finds Hidden Genes in Shrna Screen for Regulators of Acute Cite This: Integr
Integrative Biology PAPER Pathway-based network modeling finds hidden genes in shRNA screen for regulators of acute Cite this: Integr. Biol., 2016, 8,761 lymphoblastic leukemia† Jennifer L. Wilson,a Simona Dalin,b Sara Gosline,a Michael Hemann,b Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ib/article/8/7/761/5115211 by guest on 01 October 2021 Ernest Fraenkel*ab and Douglas A. Lauffenburger*a Data integration stands to improve interpretation of RNAi screens which, as a result of off-target effects, typically yield numerous gene hits of which only a few validate. These off-target effects can result from seed matches to unintended gene targets (reagent-based) or cellular pathways, which can compensate for gene perturbations (biology-based). We focus on the biology-based effects and use network modeling tools to discover pathways de novo around RNAi hits. By looking at hits in a functional context, we can uncover novel biology not identified from any individual ‘omics measurement. We leverage multiple ‘omic measurements using the Simultaneous Analysis of Multiple Networks (SAMNet) computational framework to model a genome scale shRNA screen investigating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) progression in vivo. Our network model is enriched for cellular processes associated with hematopoietic differentiation and homeostasis even though none of the individual ‘omic sets showed this enrichment. The model identifies genes associated with the TGF-beta pathway and predicts a role in ALL progression for many genes without this functional annotation. We further experimentally validate the hidden genes – Wwp1, a ubiquitin ligase, and Hgs, a multi-vesicular body associated protein – for their role in ALL progression. -
Coexpression Networks Based on Natural Variation in Human Gene Expression at Baseline and Under Stress
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations Fall 2010 Coexpression Networks Based on Natural Variation in Human Gene Expression at Baseline and Under Stress Renuka Nayak University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Computational Biology Commons, and the Genomics Commons Recommended Citation Nayak, Renuka, "Coexpression Networks Based on Natural Variation in Human Gene Expression at Baseline and Under Stress" (2010). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1559. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1559 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1559 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Coexpression Networks Based on Natural Variation in Human Gene Expression at Baseline and Under Stress Abstract Genes interact in networks to orchestrate cellular processes. Here, we used coexpression networks based on natural variation in gene expression to study the functions and interactions of human genes. We asked how these networks change in response to stress. First, we studied human coexpression networks at baseline. We constructed networks by identifying correlations in expression levels of 8.9 million gene pairs in immortalized B cells from 295 individuals comprising three independent samples. The resulting networks allowed us to infer interactions between biological processes. We used the network to predict the functions of poorly-characterized human genes, and provided some experimental support. Examining genes implicated in disease, we found that IFIH1, a diabetes susceptibility gene, interacts with YES1, which affects glucose transport. Genes predisposing to the same diseases are clustered non-randomly in the network, suggesting that the network may be used to identify candidate genes that influence disease susceptibility. -
Annrheumdis-2012-201742 427..436
Ann Rheum Dis: first published as 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201742 on 6 September 2012. Downloaded from Basic and translational research EXTENDED REPORT Genome-wide association study meta-analysis of chronic widespread pain: evidence for involvement of the 5p15.2 region Marjolein J Peters,1,2 Linda Broer,3 Hanneke L D M Willemen,4 Gudny Eiriksdottir,5 Lynne J Hocking,6 Kate L Holliday,7 Michael A Horan,8 Ingrid Meulenbelt,9 Tuhina Neogi,10 Maria Popham,11 Carsten O Schmidt,12 Anushka Soni,13 Ana M Valdes,11 Najaf Amin,3 Elaine M Dennison,14,15 Niels Eijkelkamp,16 Tamara B Harris,17 Deborah J Hart,11 Albert Hofman,3 Frank J P M Huygen,18 Karen A Jameson,14 Gareth T Jones,19 Lenore J Launer,17 Hanneke J M Kerkhof,1,2 Marjolein de Kruijf,1,2,18 John McBeth,7 Margreet Kloppenburg,20,21 William E Ollier,22 Ben Oostra,23 Antony Payton,22 Fernando Rivadeneira,1–3 Blair H Smith,24 Albert V Smith,5,25 Lisette Stolk,1,2 Alexander Teumer,26 Wendy Thomson,7 André G Uitterlinden,1–3 Ke Wang,10 Sophie H van Wingerden,3 Nigel K Arden,14,27 Cyrus Cooper,14,27 David Felson,10 Vilmundur Gudnason,5,25 Gary J Macfarlane,19 Neil Pendleton,8 P Eline Slagboom,2,9 Tim D Spector,11 Henry Völzke,12 Annemieke Kavelaars,4 Cornelia M van Duijn,3 Frances M K Williams,11 Joyce B J van Meurs1,2 ▸ Additional data are ABSTRACT Conclusions We identified a common genetic variant published online only. -
Network-Assisted Analysis of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome GWAS Data In
Network-assisted analysis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome GWAS data in Han Chinese Kechi Fang, Kunlin Zhang, Jing Wang* Address: Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Email: Kechi Fang – [email protected]; Kunlin Zhang – [email protected]; Jing Wang – [email protected] *Corresponding author 1 Supplementary materials Page 3 – Page 5: Supplementary Figure S1. The direct network formed by the module genes from DAPPLE. Page 6: Supplementary Figure S2. Transcript expression heatmap. Page 7: Supplementary Figure S3. Transcript enrichment heatmap. Page 8: Supplementary Figure S4. Workflow of network-assisted analysis of pSS GWAS data to identify candidate genes. Page 9 – Page 734: Supplementary Table S1. A full list of PPI pairs involved in the node-weighted pSS interactome. Page 735 – Page 737: Supplementary Table S2. Detailed information about module genes and sigMHC-genes. Page 738: Supplementary Table S3. GO terms enriched by module genes. 2 NFKBIE CFLAR NFKB1 STAT4 JUN HSF1 CCDC90B SUMO2 STAT1 PAFAH1B3 NMI GTF2I 2e−04 CDKN2C LAMA4 8e−04 HDAC1 EED 0.002 WWOX PSMD7 0.008 TP53 PSMA1 HR 0.02 RPA1 0.08 UBC ARID3A PTTG1 0.2 TSC22D4 ERH NIF3L1 0.4 MAD2L1 DMRTB1 1 ERBB4 PRMT2 FXR2 MBL2 CBS UHRF2 PCNP VTA1 3 DNMT3B DNMT1 RBBP4 DNMT3A RFC3 DDB1 THRA CBX5 EED NR2F2 RAD9A HUS1 RFC4 DDB2 HDAC2 HCFC1 CDC45L PPP1CA MLLSMARCA2 PGR SP3 EZH2 CSNK2B HIST1H4C HIST1H4F HNRNPUL1 HR HIST4H4 TAF1C HIST1H4A ENSG00000206300 APEX1 TFDP1 RHOA ENSG00000206406 RPF2 E2F4 HIST1H4IHIST1H4B HIST1H4D